US1404694A - hazazer - Google Patents

Description

E. F. HAZAZER.

SWITCHING MECHANISM FUR CONTROLLING CIRCUITS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-28. 1916.

1,404,694. Patented Jan. 24, 1922.

E. P. HAZAZER.

SWITCHING MECHANISM FOR CONTROLLING CIRCUITS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28. 1916.

Patented Jan. 24, 1922.

2 SHCETSSHEET Z.

AAA

inventor 32 WMMMWJY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDGAR I. HAZAZER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIG NOR'VTO AMERICAN BLOWER COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

swrrcnme maximise: ron. CONTROLLING. CIRCUITS.

T 0 all whom it 'nmy concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR P. Hazazen, citizen of the United States, residin at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and tate of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Switching Mechanism for Controlling Circuits, of which the following is a s ecification, reference being had therein to t e accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to switch mechanism for controlling circuits, and while susceptible of a variety of adaptations, is designed more particularly for use in connection with motor driven fansof a reversible type, and wherein the-movement of the motor may, as occasion demands, be reversed in order to reverse the movement of the fan without any injurious 'efiect'upon the motor.

It is often times desirable to reverse the movement of motor driven ventilating fans, whereby a fan ordinarily"employ edas a blower adapted to exhaust air or the like from a building, etc, may be converted into a suction creating mediiun to drawnir'into the building, and as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, it isjexceedingly dangerous, if not disastrous to'the' motor for a carelessor inexperienced operator to suddenly reverse the same without permitting it to come to a stop.

It may therefore be said tohe one of the primary objects of the present' invention to provide a time reversing switch, that is to say, a reversing switchj-having'opera- Lively associated th'erewithltimecontrolled mechanism constructed and arranged'wlier'eby as the switch is moved into a position to break the circuit, the time mechanismis set into operation to prevent the immediate closing of the circuit upon the further movement of the switch to (circuit closing position. i c I It is a further object of the inventionto provide in operative association with a motor or the like, a suitable circuit'controlling switch and clock mechanism 0 crating to prevent the closing of the. cireultafter the switch has moved to circuit closing-position until a sufficient interval of time has elapsed to allow the motor to come to a stop.

Again the invention includes a manually operated reversing switchfor motor driven fans or the like, and operatively associated mechanism automatically operating as the Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan, 24 1922, Application filed November 28, 1916. scrial lio lltafll'f.

switch is moved'at'the will of theoperator into motor reversinguposition, to prevent the closing of the circuit until after the expiration of a' predetermined interval of time.

Further, the invention embodies a reversing switch mechanism and a time controlled magnetic switch, the latter operating to close the cireuit'only after -the'firstunentioned switch mechanism has been 'maintained in circuit reversing position for a predetermined interval.

The invention also embodies means whereby the lapse of timebetween the circuit closing 'movement' of the operating switch and the actual closing ofithe circuit may be readily regulated at Willi y v V More particularly theinve'ntion includes a reversing." switch. operatively" "associated with alfanmotor'or'the like, electrical 'connections between the switch and motor, and an auxiliary time eontrolle'diswitch, the, latter operating" to} maintain the eireuitTo en when the operating "switch isnm'oved "into reversing position," for an" interval: of time and subsequently operatin to automatically close the circuit, the partsfiieing constructed and arrandged '-with 'aiview to simplicity in design an construction, eflicienyiin operation anddurabilityin use.

The present"iiiventiont'is iiot to be confusedvwith that type off apparatus generally known as time switches, and wherein, at regular intervals of time-a sw tch is' opened or closed, but has to deal more particularly with. a timing inechaiiism interposed in the switching mech'anis'rn whereby as the switch is opened whenever desiredby the" operator,

the current is 'bro k'en "andfivhereby as the switch is again closed, a" sufiicient'interval of time must thereafter .elaps e bforelthe closing of the circuit;

" In the present embodiment of the invention, I have,'forthe, purpose ,of illustration, shown the time reversing switch applied to v a series wound moto r,j though it is tobe understood that bysimple changes in the design ofswitch and associated parts, the appliance is clearly applicable to s bum, compound, three phase or certain single phase motors, and it is to be further borne in mind that while the motor is shown and described as applied to a ventilating'fan or the like, the invention in its broader aspect is not to be construed as limited to this specific application but may be found to he'quit'e useful and satisfactory for other than motor Work and other than-fan'wo'rk. In the (lrawings p I Figure 1 is a front elevation of a" base board with my improvements applied thereto; 'Figuieflusa side elevatioin-partsbeing shown in section. I w i Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic vieii illustrating in o re particularly the circuits.

W'i h more particular, reference to the several views, a suitable standard double throw on IBI'BISIDg SWltClI isproriclecl the seine lieing ;pref e rably J manually operable and haying an op erating handle 1 ancl knife .lglaitles 2;, 3 .and 5trespeetiyely. The blades are-pivoted an 2'. =3, and respectively 'to suitable contact members 5; 6, and 7, mounted upon a supporting base hoardri of any desired construction, Arranged. to 7 one side f e ee ietm e 5: an si s ries. -of contact members 8, 9 anti lO ancl: arlfitllged tO'tllQOPPQSltQ side of said first mentioned contactniembers are contact memhersll l2.-and 13. v i

4 The contact members just referred to are ada )ted toihavesuitable electric connection,

=to e hereinafter more particularly clescribecl rvith the member to beoperated. .Thismemb'er in the embodiment ofutlie. ini'ehtionillustintmcltirkes the foirii of'a niotor or the like 14, iZ lI G IDOtOi. preferably being t nittype known as a series wound motor, thou h in th s connection t istobe borneun min fthat the motor may take variousiforins andjdesignsnnrl it is also to be bo'rnein niind that the mechanisinherein contemplated is applicable to uses other than in connection with motors.

The 'elccti ic, connections are such that u lien t he manually operable switch is moved 'intohopeerativ'e contact with the contact n en hers'S, 9 and lOr SpectiYely, the motor ill, he-driiien i i one dUBClZlOfl, whereas \rlie itlie switch is moved about its-pivotal support into engagement u'ith the contactmembers 11, 12 and 13, the movement-of the motor will be reversed. i t

The motor is illustrated s having operulQl\'Qly E\SSOC-lEItGCl therewith for movement thereby erentih'iting fan-15 generallykuown asaleiisk or wall type fan, primarily intendecl to exhaust aim-steam, smoke, gases or the .lilreoiit of builthngs. and itis one of the primaryobjects'of the; invention to pronov'el WEEDS whereby theaction of the motor and fan mey'be i-e ersed without inju' iousnfiect upon -the rnotor whereby to adaptthe lien for blowin orjclrawing air jin'to thehuildi'ng as desire k It ,is e Jfiflttfil ofcommon-knowledge in the art to y'vhich the invention relates that should an ignorant or inexperienced operator quickly reverse the switching mechanism 'as ordinarily constructed, without allowing sufficient interval to elapse to pei'init the m0- tor to stop, this action result in burning and quick' nests-units of'the motor. Therefore, I have provided means for overcoming this objection, the said means preferably taking the form ofi a. time controlled element iin hh w' r g' h .i tra inie in hjsfls nee 'iih h i i' it l ii l' ii W. 5 ng 'ifiui e l 'coi'i'tact'fineiiiliers 1 9, rearw'ardly from the cer'ism suitable guide pin 20 ad pted en e n a u tab g i -i i 21 ar ai ggqpgq j the has; nine A. The'doivnrvi'ircl {movement of "thef solenoid core 17 is f bfb f'i 'd l i ifi I 'iidl 3. 1yi iount i 'll si' 9' l ri i i'fi thr ad d to i h o a'nglflildi'ii adjgfleptsitibin; in any "dei ed. men 7 to sgagejtbs i ptr sense of thetrame- KO 13k 2 ,',;o'f themag'iiet'sivitch. Theico e at tl'ieuppei iiijhftakes'the ioim of a yieldable rod for ih' il jgfz hating I hook ,enclj or. termi- 1'151125 a ttli 'top Heme Tim hookend 25 softhe rod 24 is a'cl a'pte'd toopernftii-"elyem fgag a si iijdble clock m'loi 'einent when the solciioid -eor'e 'allotved'to fall in the breaking' of thj' giniuieyiu the ji e'sult' that-the clock mechii i sni sehintooperntion au'il new predetermined interia'l of time has ele'pscrl the" circuit will belie-established by fthe-elevjatioiiof the solenoid core through tllQ-' Ifi(! tlllll11 0f electrical connections with e..c' li l i.nii niei fi -v [The tii 'i'e icoiit'i ol element may take various "forms and still be within the spirit of my ii vei ition. In that enibodiment of the inl I n i l vention-herein disclosed, for the purpose of ,,i. e .7; an automatic time is, ass-instant. being adapted play. Mounted upon the arm 29 for move ment therewith, is a suitable spring arm 32 having a contact member 33 adapted in one position of the arm 29 to engage a cooperat ing contact member 34 mounted in fixed position upon the frame o f the clock mechanism. A suitable guard 35 overlies one end of the contact member 34 to prevent engagement of the contact member 33 with said member 34 until the member 33 is moved to a point beyond said guard. An adjustably mounted stop 36 is mounted on the framework of the clock mechanism and adapted to engage one end of the weighted rock arm 29 whereby to limit the movement of the latter in one direction. Also mounted upon the weighted arm 29 is a suitable curved spring arm 37 adapted to be engaged by the hooked end 25 of the rod 24 off the solenoid core. The spring arm37 is adapted to yield laterally under the action of the rod 24 as the same is moved upwardly into contact with the spring arm under the action of the solenoid core in its raising movement upon the closing of the circuit.

The operation of the time controlled mechanism just described may be reviewed as follows Assuming that the operator moves the switch through the medium ofthe handle 1 out of contact with say, the contacts, 8, 9, and 10, the circuit will be broken and the solenoid core willimmediately drop by :fOICB of gravity wherebyrto break the connection between the brushes 18 and-the stationary contacts 19. In the lowerin movement of the solenoid core, the hooke end 25 of the rod 24 will by its engagement with the upper surface of the spring arm 37 of the rock arm 29 exert downward pressure onisaid spring arm 37 thereby rocking theweighted arm 29 and causing the dog 31 to ride downwardly over a series of theteeth of the'ratchet wheel 26. As the weighted end oif the rock arm 29 which carries the pawLor dog 31 reaches the limit of its lowering movement, depending upon the position of the stop member 36, the hooked end 25 will by its continued lowering movement become disengaged with the spring arm 37 when, under the action of the weight at the opposite end of the arm 29, the pawl or dog 31 will exert upward pressure on the ratchet wheel 26 thereby starting the clock movement. This latter movement of the arm 29 is a gradual one because of the restraining action of the escapement mechanism of the clock movement. The spring arm 32 moves with. the arm 29 in a direction towards and above the contact member 34, but because of the guard 35, the contact member 33 of said spring cannot engage with the contact member 34 until after the contact member 33 has passed over and beyond the guard 3:3. So soon as the contact member $53 passes beyond tbc guard 3:3

the same under the action of the spring 32 will immediately fall into engagement with the contact member 34, thereby energizing the solenoid switch causing the core to elevate and close the circuit at 18-19. It is nndeistood of course that at this time the blades of the operating switch 1 are in contact either with the contacts 8, 9 and 10 or assuming that the motor is to be reversed in engagement with the contacts 11, 12 and 13. In the elevation of the solenoid core, the hooked end 25 of-the rod extension 24 of the core will contact with the under surface of the curved spring arm 37 causing the latter to yield when the hooked end 25 will pass above said arm 37 into position for a subsequent operation of the apparatus. That is to say, when the operating switch is moved to break the circuit, the weighted arm 29 will be tilted in an opposite direction cause of the engagement of the hooked end 25 of the rod 24 withthe upper surface of the spring arm 37. In this movement of? the weighted arm 29 the spring arm contact member 33 be moved out of engagement with the arm 34 as will be obvious, thereby breaking the circuit.

In Figure 3 of the drawings, I have illus trated in diagrammatic form, suitable electric connections for the various parts of the apparatus, and with moreparticular reference tothis view of the drawings, the operation of the apparatus complete may be readily-followed. Assuming that the motor 14 is running in one direction the current is flowing from the positive line through the contacts 18-19 to the contact member fi, through the switch from the contact 5 to the contact member 11, from the. contact member ll through the armature of the n'o-,;

tor to, the contact member 13, and from the contact. member 13 through the switch to the contact member 7 L and, from the contactimember 7 through the series field to the negative line. The'current in the solenoid is flowing from the positive line to the contact member 6i and from 6 through the switch to the contact member 12, from 12 to the contact member 9, and from the contact niember'9 through the solenoid winding and time device switch and resistance to the negative line. \Vhcr. throwing the switch from right to left hand position, the current will be broken between the contact points 6 and 12 and closed between points 6 and 9 which allows the sole noid (ore to drop, thereby opening the circuit at the point lS1$l. In dropping, the core becomes engaged mechanically in the manner prcviomly dcscribed with the arm 37 which is part of the common clock movennnt. This arm by moving the weighted arm 2%) sets the clock mechanism in opera tion, at the same lime because of the (llS(3I1 gag'uncnt oi the contact members 3 and 34 opening the circuit at this point. The clock movement after a predetermined time has elapsed, connects the circuit at 3334 which completes the circuit through the solenoid winding, from the positive line to contact 6, throi i'gh switchfroin G'to 9, from 9 through solenoidpoil timing mechanism and desist ance to the negative line. WVhen the time clevifc'e' closes the circuit at 34, the core Will elevate, therebjqclos'ing the circuit at 18-19 which allows the current to flow from the positive line through 1819 to the contact member 5; thence through the switch from the contact member 5fto contact member 8; from 8 to contact member 13, and through the armature of the motor to contact memher 11; thence from 11' to contact member 10, through switch to contact, member 7 and from .7 through'the-series field-to the negatire line. It will be noted that the circuit is flowing in an opposite direction between the "oints 11 and 13 in this operation than in t e previous one;

It is apparent th'at' the present improvemerits maybe realdily applied to motor d'riverrans or the-like, and when so applied, the operation is" substantially automatic upon the shifting of the reversing switch lever. As distinguished from prior constructions, it is not necessary for the operator to time the reversing movement of the switch, or to provide stops for maintaifl'il'ig the switch in neutral position, but the'opera'tor may, byfa quick and continuous movement shift the switch lever from circuit closing position to operate the moton in one direction to a reverse circuit closing position to operate the 'motor in an opposite direction without thepossibility of "urniiigout'the motor, and this is of especial advantage"beca1fise theoperation of the device'may be left with'ifmpu'nit "to an entirely inexperienced worlman' wit-h little or no knowledge of lelectricityior "the disastrous effect of'rjuickl'y reversing a'motor under the present practicel 5 By adjusting the stop 36, the length-of the movement of the arm 29 may be aldjusted at will, thereby timing the closing of the circuit at 34 according to the time consumed in the stopping'of the motor.

What is claimed is 1. In a device of the character described, the combination of a reversing switch for an electric circuit and time control means o'peratively associated with said switch whereby as the switch is moved into reversing position, the circuit will he closed to reverse the current, but not until after a predetermined interval.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination of a reversing switch for an electric circuit, suitable clock work mechanism operativclv associated with the switch, the movement of the elm-k mechanism being governed by the actuation of the switch, aiul the clock mechanism having suitable electrical connections whereby to prevent closing of the circuit on the movement of the switch to reverse the current until the lapse of a suitable interval of time.

3. In combination with a motor driven fan, of means for reversing the motor to convert the movement of the fan from a blower to a suction creating means including a' reversing switch electrically connected with the motor and movable in opposite directions, and a time control device operatively associated with the switch and operating when the switch is moved in either direction to reversing position, to close the circuit only after the lapse of a predetermined interval. 7

(i. In combination with a motor driven fan, of means for reversing the movement of the fan including a switch operatively connected to the mete and adapted in one position to close the circuit to drive themotor in one direction andadapted in its other position to close the circuit andjdrive the mo tor in anopposite direction, and meansop erativelya'ssociated with the switch whereby reverse movements of the motor will be delayed for a predetermined interval after the movement of the switch to circuit closing position; Y

I'n adev'ice of the character described, the combination of a maniially operated reversing switch for an electrical circuit, an cl operativel'y associated time controlled mechanism automatically operating as the switch is moved to circuit reversing positi'onto prevent the immediate closing of the circuit and-penniain -the same to-'cl0'se the circuit onlynifter-the expiration of a predetermined interval'oi time? w 6. eombi n ticn with a motor, electric connections for imparting reverse movements thereto including'areversing switch mechanism operable at will and a time controlled instrumentality interposed in said "mechanism and acting tofp'r'ev'ent closing of; the circuitwhen the switch -is moved to reversing position, and thereafter permitting closing of the circuit and thereby time the reversinginovement' of said motor.

7. In combination with an electric motor, of electrically connected means for reversing the movement thereof including'clock mechanism adaptedto delay'for a predetermined interval the closing of'thecircuit in reversing the current whereby to permit the motor to gradually slow down prior to reversing the movement thereof.

8. In combination with an electric motor, of electric connections for reversing the same, and clock mechanism operatively associated with said connections for retarding the reversal of the motor upon the movement of the switch to reversing position,

9. In combination with an electric motor, of electric connections for reversing the same including a switch, and clock mechanism operativcly associated with said connections for preventing reverse movement of the motor under the action of the switch until the lapse of a predetermined interval after movement of the switch to reversing position.

10. In combination, an electric motor, and electrical connections for reversing the same including a time controlled switch permitting the motor to'slow down before the circuit is closed under the action of said reversing means.

11. In combination, a motor, electrical connections therefor, an interposed switch for reversing the movement of the motor, and operatively associated clock mechanism preventing the closing of the circuit by the movement of the switch for a time interval sullicient to cause the motor to first slow down.

12. The combination of a manuall controlled switch lever, an electric circuit, and a member to be operated thereby in reverse direction, and means interposed in the circuit for retarding the closing of the circuit after the switch is moved to circuit closing position, said means also'operating to re-cstablish the circuit to impart reverse movement of said member on tbe'closin of the circuit. I

13. The combination 0 a manually controlled switch lever, an electric cireuit, and a member to, be operated thereb i in reverse directions, and means interposed in the cir cnit for retarding the closing of the circuit after the switch is moved. to circuit position, said means including a time controlled switch, said means operating'to reverse the current and impart reverse movement to said member on the closing of the circuit. 14. The combination of a manuallycontrolled reversible switch lever, an electrical circuit, a movable member to be operated thereby, and means interposed in the circuit for retarding the closing of the circuit after the switch has been moved into position to reverse the circuit and to reverse the move ment of the said member, said means including a time controlled switch.

15. The combination of a manually controlled revcrsible switch, a reversible motor, an electric circuit for operating the latter, and means interposed in the circuit for re tarding the closing of the circuit when the switch is moved to reversing position, wherehv to allow the motor to first slow down. said means including a solenoid magnet and an clrctrirall connected clock mechanism having operative connection with the solenoid core to time the operation of the mag not switch to close the circuit.

IV. in an appliance of the character do: the combination oi a reversible manually roidr lhwl reversing -rila-d.

nnddr. i

switch having electric connection for open ating the motor, and time controlled means in terposed between said switch and motor for timing the reversing movement of the motor after the switch has been moved to rcrcrsing position, whereby to prevent the destructive action on the motor by a sudden movement of the switch to reversing position.

17. In an appliance of the character described, the' combination of a motor, a manually controlled reversing switch ha ving electric connection with the motor, and means interposed between said switch and motor for timing the reversing movement thereof after the switch has been moved to circuit reversing position, said means comprising clock mechanism having a stationary contact member and a movable contact member, and a magnet switch adapted when energized to close the circuit when the con tacts of the clock mechanism are in engage me'ntl 18. In an appliance of the character dcsc'ri'bed, the'combination of a clock mecha nism having a stationary contact member, a movable contact member, a roclr arm support for. the movable contact member, a solenoid switch having a core, and means, establishing operative engagement between the core and arm whereby as the core is moved in one direction the rock arm will be moved to disengage said contacts, and whereby as the core is moved in an opposite direction, the clock mechanism will permit a timed reversing movement of the rock arm to engage said contacts and close the ircuit.

19. In'a time reversing switch, the coin binationof a ratchet wheel, a dog to impart movement thereto, a rock arm support for the dog, a contact member carried by the rock a rm,a'- stationary contact member to be engaged by the movable contact member' in .one'"position of the latter to close the circuit, and an operatively associated magnet switch governed by the movement of the rock arm, whereby to close the circuit and reverse the current after the lapse of a time interval.

20. In a time reversing switch, the combination of a clock mechanism, a magnet switch controlled thereby, and a manually operable switch to open and close a circuit. and electrical connections between said switch, clock mechanism and magnet switch constructed and arranged \vhcrcby as the manually operated switch is moved into closed position to reverse the currrul. the

resultant closing moviuncnt oi the magnet switch is temporarilv dclavrd h s llucloijl; mechanism.

21. In combination with a switch operable at the will of the operator For controllin th circuit for a motor or the lilic o impar, re verse movements to the m t r, iii an infer members which when placed in engagement posed time controlled mechanism including a stationary contact member, a movable contact member, a rock arm support for the movable member, time controlled means for moving the rock arm support in one direction to cause engagement of the contact members to close the circuit at this point, and a magnet switch operatively associated with the arm to move the same in an opposite direction to disengage the contacts.

22. In a time reversing switch, the com bination of a main reversing switch manually operable at will, a solenoid switch, a clock movement, the solenoid having a movable core adapted to become engaged meehanically to a part of the clock movement when the circuit is broken by the movement of the Switch to reversing positionwhereby to set the clock movement in operation, Said clock movement havin electrical contact under the action of the clock movement will excite the solenoid coil to close its switch and thereb close the circuit.

23. n a time reversing switch, the combination of a part to be operated an electric circuit therefor, a switch manually operable at will for opening and closing the circuit, and time controlled means interposed in the circuit and, operating to temporarily maintain the circuit open after the switch is moved, to reverse circuit closing position.

In a time reversing switch, the combination of a part to be reversely operated, an electric circuit therefor, a switch manually operable at will for opening and closing the circuit, and time controlled meansinterposed in the circuit and operating to temporarily maintain the circuit open, for a predeterinterval after theswitch has been moved-to reversing position.

.95; a, time reversing switch ,for fan motors, the eombination'of a reversible motor, a fanconnected thereto and adapted according to the movement of the motor to constitute either a suction or blower element, an electric circuit to be connected to the motor, a switch manually operable at will for opening and closing the circuit, and means interposed in the circuit and operating to temporarily maintain the circuit open after the switch is 'moved to circuit closing position to reverse the movement of the motor, said means being adjustable to vary the retarding of the time for closing the circuit.

26. In combination with a motor driven fan adapted to be reversed whereby to change the same from a blower to a suction device or from a suction device to a blower, electrical connections for the motor, a reversing switch manually controllable and operable at will, the said switch being adapted when moved to one position to close the circuit to the motor in one direction, and when moved in another position to close the circuit in an opposite direction, and operatively associated time control mechanism acting to prevent closing of the circuit regardless of the position to which the switch is moved until after a predetermined interval.

27. In combination with an electrical motor, of electric connections for reversing the same including a manually operable revers mg switch, and clock mechanism operativel'y associated with said connections for preventing the reverse movement oi the motor regardless of the movement of the switch until after a predetermined interval subsequent to the movement of the switch to reversing position] In test mony whereof I hereunto afl ix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EDGAR, P. HAZAZERP Witnesses J. F. SUNNER, RAwsoN Vanna.

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