US743423A - System of motor control. - Google Patents

Description

H0 MODEL.

PATEN'I'ED NOV. 10, 1903. T. E. BARNUM.

SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL;

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31. 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

No. 743,423. PATENTED NOV. 10, 1903. T. E. BARNUM.

SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31. 1902. N0 MODEL, 2 SHEETSSHBET 2.

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L26 1 WZZZWzZZZ/ F in: NORRIS PETERS co. PHOYOJJTRO, WASHINGTON. 0.1;.

UNITED STATES Patented November 10, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS E. BARNUM, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO THE CUTLER-HAMMER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF MIL'WAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 743,423, dated November 10, 1903.

Application filed March 31, 1902.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS E. BARNUM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Systems of Motor Control, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to means for controlling a combination of large and small electric motors as applied to certain classes of machinery which it is desired to slowly and gradually start without sudden shock or jar, whereby to preventinjury to delicate mechanism therein or to delicate products handled thereby, and which machinery it is also desired to start and stop at will during its slow speed for the purposes of inspection, repair, 85c. Such apparatus is especially adapted for use with large printing-presses, in which it is essential that the press be started gradually and without sudden shocks or jars, as otherwise the paper from the rolls will be torn and delicate and nicely-adjusted mechanism will be deranged. Also in making up the press and fitting the stereotype-plates to the cylinders it is desirable to operate the press only sufliciently to turn the rollers over, so as to expose different quadrants of the plates. It is also desirable to operate the same at any desired slow speed for purposes of inspection, repair, and the like.

My object is to provide simple, convenient, and efficient means for controlling the combination of a large and a small motor as applied to the above-mentioned class of Work, and in accordance therewith the large and small motors are suitably connected with a controlling resistance having a movable element adapted in the first portion of its movement to include all of said resistance or a large part thereof, together with the small motor in the circuit, and in other portions of its movement to exclude more or all of said resistance-and the small motor from the circuit and to include the large motor therein. lVIagnetically-operated switches are employed to control the continuity of the motor-cir- Serial Na 100,861. (No model) cuits,which switcheshave resistancesinitially excluded from their-circuits, but which are included therein as soon as they are operated. Means is also provided to automatically exclude said resistances from the switch-operating circuits when the movable element of the regulating resistance is in initial position.

The invention further comprises the novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings the same reference characters designate like parts through the several views.

Figure 1 is a face viewof the base-plate or insulating-slab upon which the rheostat and circuitcontrolling switches are mounted. Fig. 2 is a diagram of the system, and Fig. 3 illustrates the position of the switches during the use of the motors.

Referring to Fig. 2, the rheostat 2 consists of a single resistance 3, the contacts 4 of which are adapted to be engaged successively by asuitable brush carried upon the movable element 5 of the rheostat, which is centrally pivoted with reference to said contacts and is provided with a suitable handle 6 for the operation of the same. Segmental contacts 7 and S are provided for the rheostat and are adapted to be engaged by a suitable brush carried by the movable arm or element 5 in its rotation from initial position. From one of the contact-segments 4, substantially opposite the end of the segmental contact 7, a conductor 9 leads to the armature of the small motor 10 and continues to one of the contacts 11 of the circuit controlling switch 12, which is provided with a bridging contact 13, adapted to connect its two stationary contacts or terminals together. From the opposite contact 11 of the switch the circuit is extended or completed to one side M of the main power-circuit. The shunt-winding 15 of the small motor is in a conductor 16, ex-

tending from the arm 5 of the rheostat to the conductor 9 at a point between the motor 10 and the switch 12.

The solenoid-switch 12, as shown, has the winding of its solenoid connected upon one ICO side by the conductor 17, leading to the contact-segment 7 of the rheostat and including a resistance 18 in the form, preferably, of incandescent lamps. The core of the solenoid carries the bridging contact 13, adapted to connect the contacts 11 together when the core is attracted and lifted, and is provided at its upper end with a projection adapted to strike the pivoted catch 19 and release it from the end of the spring'operated shortcircuiting lever 20. This lever is suitably pivoted at 21, and its lower end when in normal position rests upon a contact 22, which is connected with the conductor 23, leading to one side of the lamps 18. A suitable spring is provided which tends to move the lower end of the lever 20 when released by the catch 19 out of engagement with the contact 22. These positions of the parts are shown in Fig. 3. The upperend of the lever 20 is adapted to be engaged by the arm 5 of the rheostat when in normal-position in such a manner as to return it to the position shown in Fig. 2, when the catch 19 will engage its lower end and retain it in this position. This lever is also prevented from moving out of this position until the arm 5 is operated and moved away from its normal or initial position. A conductor 2% leads from the opposite side of the lamps 18 to the pivot 21 of the lever 20. The opposite side of the solenoid-winding of the switch 12 connects, through the medium of the conductor 25,with the conductor 25, which in turn leads to the conductor 14, forming one side of the powercircuit. The wire 26 may be extended to any distance from the rheostat and motors and passes through the switches 27, which are conveniently placed about the machinery driven by the motors or at other desired locations. These switches serve to open the circuit of the switches controllinglhe motors, as willbehereinaftre explained. The laxe motor 28 has its armature connected in the conductor 29, extending between the last segment 1 of the series and one of the contacts 30 of the magnetically-operated switch 31. This switch carries a bridging contact 32 and is in all respects similar to the switch 12, above described. The opposite contact 30 of this switch is connected, by means of conductor 33, with the side 14 of the power-circuit. The shuntwinding 31 of the large motor is contained in a conductor 35, connecting with the arm 5 upon one side and with the armature-circuit upon the switch side of the motor. The solenoid-winding of the switch 31 is connected upon one side With a conductor 30, leading to the segmental contact 8 of the rheostat and containing the resistance 37, which is preferably in the form of incandescent lamps, as shown. Upon one side of the lamps a wire 38 leads to the pivot of a shortcircuiting lever 39, which normally rests upon a contact 40, connected, by means of a conductor 41, with the conductor 36 upon the opposite side of the lamps 37. This arm 39 is controlled by a spring in such manner as to tend to normally disengage the contact 40 and is held in the position shown by means of a pivoted catch 42, which is adapted to be released therefrom by means of a suitable projection carried upon the core of the solenoid of switch 31. An arm 43 upon the lever 39 is adapted to be engaged by the resistance- -arm 5 and to be returned thereby to the normal position, as shown in Fig. 2. The opposite side of the winding of the solenoid 31 is connected bya wire 44 with the conductor 26.

The motors 10 and 28 are arranged to be connected with the press or other machinery in any desired manner to accomplish the results sought. \Vhile any suitable clutching mechanism or arrangement may be employed to connect the small motor with the machinery, to disconnect the same, and then connect the large motor, I prefer to employ the mechanism shown and described in the application of Henry H. Cutler filed March 31, 1902, Serial No. 100,880.

The operation is as follows: As shown in Fig. 2, the parts are in normal condition and both motors are cut out of circuit. Upon rotating the arm 5 of the resistance in a clockwise direction the brushes carried thereby engage the segmental contact 7 and the first contact of the series 4:. The switch 12 is now operated over a circuit from the main conductor 45, arm 5, segment 7, conductors 17 and 24, lever 20, conductors 23 and 17, the winding of the switch 12, conductors 25 and 26 to the other side 11 of the power-circuit. Owing to the lamps 18 being short-circuited by the lever 20 at this time, sufficient current flows through the solenoid 12 to operate it and cause the contact 13 to bridge the contacts 11 to close the armature and field circuits of the small motor 10. As soon as operated the switch 12 releases the catch 19 from the lever 20, which opens the shunt about the lamps 18, and thus includes their resistance in the circuit of the solenoid. These lamps have such resistance as to cut down the consumption of current in the solenoid and still permit enough to flow to maintain the same in the operative condition. The armature-circuit of the small motor 10 is now completed from the side -15 of the supply-circuit through the arm 5, a portion of the resistance 3, conductor 9, the armature of the motor 10, and thence through contacts 11 and 13 of the switch 12 to the otherside 14 ofthe power-circuit. The shuntwinding of the motor is likewise completed from the arm 5 through the conductors 16 and 9. As the arm 5 is rotated the resistance in the circuit of the armature of the small motor is gradually cut out, which permits the speed of the motor to gradually increase. In the further rotation of the arm 5 its outer brush passes from the segment 7 to the segment 8, thus opening the circuit of the solenoid-switch 12, which permits its bridging contact 13 to drop to open the circuit of the motor 10. As soon as the brush carried by the arm 5 contacts with the segment 8 a circuit is completed therefrom through the winding of the solenoid of switch 31 and over the conductor 26 to the opposite side 14 of the power-circuit. The closing of this circuit causes the switch 31 to operate and close the armature and field circuits of the large motor 28. The armature-circuit may be traced from the last contact of the resistance 3, conductor 29, through the armature of the motor 28, thence over contacts 30 and 32 of the switch 31 and conductor 33 to the side 14 of the power-circuit. The shunt field-winding 34 of the motor is completed by the conductor 35 between the opposite sides of the power-circuit. The closing of these circuits permits the large motor to start and to take up the work of the small motor, the latter being cut out by means of the switch 12. The actuation of the solenoid 31 serves to open the shunt-circuit about lamps 37, whereby the consumption of current through the solenoid is reduced. As the arm 5 of the rheostat swings around to the last contact the speed of the large motor is gradually in creased.

The resistances of the lamps 13 and 37 are so adjusted that when the circuits of the corresponding solenoids are opened and again closed sufficient current does not flow to operate the solenoid. The machinery and motors may therefore be stopped from the switches 27, and although they are immediately closed cannot be again started until the arm 5 of the rheostat is brought into normal position and the lamps 18 and 37 are cutout of the circuit.

The small motor may be employed for inching, and it may be operated at any desired slow speed for this purpose according to the amount of the resistance in its circuit. The operator is enabled to stop the same from convenient points about the press by means of the push-button switches 27. To start the same, however, it is necessary to return the arm 5 to normal position.

Fig. 3 shows the position of the parts when the switches 31 are operated.

Fig. 1 shows the arrangement of the rheostat and motor-controlling switches as mounted in practice upon a suitable insulatingbase. The arm 5 is provided with suitable brushes 50, adapted to engage the contactplate 51 to form a good electrical connection between them. A suitable spring 52 holds the brush in position at its forward end to contact with the segments 4 of the resistance, while a plate 53 of insulating material is mounted upon its edge to engage the ends of levers 20 and the arm 43 of the lever 39. A stop 54 is provided for the arm in its normal position, and a similar stop 55 is arranged for its limiting position. A stop 56 is arranged for the lever 39, and a small stop 57 for the end of the catch 42. A stop 58 is provided for the lower end of the lever 20. Suitable springs serve to move the levers 20 and 39 out of the normal position, such springs being arranged on the pivot of the lever or in any other desired manner. The solenoid-switches are mounted as shown and are provided with metallic frames 60, adapted to be bolted to the face of the base-plate, and are provided with carbon contacts 61 and aleaf bridging-contact 62, all in the usual and well-known manner. Binding-posts and terminals, such as 63, are mounted upon the base in the desired positions to connect the parts together, the connecting wires being preferably mounted in slots upon the back of the slab, which slots are filled with a suit-able insulating-cement.

It is apparent that various changes and substitutions may be made in the construction and arrangement of the apparatus and still not depart from the spirit or scope of my invention, and I therefore hold it to include all such modifications as fairly fall within its principle.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The combination with a small motor and a large motor, of a rheostat for both motors having a movable element, a magneticallyoperated switch controlling the continuity of the circuit of each motor and means for preventing the operation of said switches after the motor-circuits are open until the said movable element is returned to initial position, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a small motor and a large motor, of a rheostat for both motors having a movable element, an electricallyoperated switch controlling the continuity of each motor-circuit, means actuated from a distance for opening the circuit of each motor to stop the same, and means to prevent the closing of the motor-circuit again until the movable element of the said rheostat is returned to initial position, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a small motor and a large motor, of a rheostat for both motors having a movable element, an electricallyoperated switch for each motor controlling the continuity of its circuit, means for operating said switches to open the motor-circuits controlled from a distance, and means to prevent the operation of said switches to close the motor-circuits until the movable element of the rheostat is returned to normal position, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a small motor and a large motor, of a resistance therefor, a magnet for each motor adapted when energized to close a corresponding circuit, switches in the circuit of said magnets to open the same and deenergize the magnets to cause them to open the motor-circuits, and means to prevent again operating said magnets until the movable element of the rheostat is returned to initial position, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a sm all motor and ICO a large motor, of a rheostat therefor having a movable arm, a magnet controlling the circuit of each motor, and a mechanical connection between said arm and magnets, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a large motor and a small motor, of arheostat therefor having a movable arm, a magnet controlling each m0 tor-circuit, a resistance adapted to be thrown into the circuit of each of said magnets when they are energized, and a switch for each of said resistances controlled by said arm, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a small motor and a large motor, of a rheostat for both motors having a movable arm, a magnet controlling each motor-circuit, a resistance adapted to be thrown into the circuit of each magnet when it is energized, and a switch for each said resistance controlled by said arm in its initial position, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a small motor and a large motor, of a rheostat for both motors having a movable arm, a magnet controlling the circuit of each motor, a resistance adapted to be connected in the circuit of each said magnet, and a lever normally excluding said resistance from the magnet-circuit, each magnet being adapted when energized to shift said lever and to include the resistance in the circuit, substantially as described.

9. The combination with a small motor and a large motor, of a rheostat for both motors having a movable arm, a magnet for each motor controlling the circuit thereof, a resistance adapted to be connected in the circuit of each magnet, a lever normally excluding said resistance from the circuits, said magnets being adapted when energized to shift said levers to include the same in the circuits thereof, and the movable arm being adapted when returned to the initial position to return said levers to their normal positions, substantially as described.

10. Thecombinationwithasmallmotorand a large motor, of a rheostat therefor having a movable arm, a solenoid-switch controlling the circuit of each motor, aresistance adapted to be connected in the circuit of each solenoid, a switch normally excluding the resistance from each said circuit, a latch holding the switch in its normal position, a part operated by the solenoid to release said latch when the solenoid is actuated, and a part carried by said switches with which the movable arm of the rheostat engages when in initial position to return them to normal position, substantially as described.

11. Thecombination withasmallmotorand a large motor, of a controlling mechanism therefor, a magnetically-operated switch controlling the continuity of each motor-circuit, and means for preventing the operation of said switches when the movable element of the controlling mechanism is in certain predetermined positions, substantially as de scribed.

12. The combination with a small motor,an(l a large motor, of a rheostat therefor having a movable element, an electrically-operated switch for each motor controlling the continuity of the corresponding circuit, said arm being adapted in its movement to first close the circuit of the small-motor switch whereby the small motor is first operated, and in its further movement to open the circuit of said switch and close thecircuitof the other switch whereby the large motor is operated, and means to prevent the operation of said switches after their circuits are once opened until the said movable element is returned to initial position, substantially as described.

13. The combination with two motors, of a single rheostat for both motors having a movable element, a magnetically-operated switch controlling the continuity of the circuit of each motor, and means for preventing the operation of said switches after the motorcircuits are opened until said movable element is returned to initial position, substantially as described.

14. The combination with two motors, of a single rheostat therefor having a movable member, a magnet controlling the circuit of each motor, and a mechanical connection between said member and magnets, substantially as described.

15. The combination with two motors, of a single rheostat therefor having a movable element, a magnet controlling each motorcircuit, a resistance adapted to be thrown into the circuit of each of said magnets when they are energized, and a switch for each of said resistances controlled by said element, substantially as described.

16. The combination with two motors, of a rheostat therefor, a magnetically-operated switch controlling the continuity of each motor-circuit, and means for preventing the operation of said switches when the movable element of the rheostat is in certain predetermined positions, substantially as described.

17. The combination with two motors, of a single rheostat for said motors having a series of contacts, and a movable memberadapted to travel over said contacts to vary the amount of resistance included in the circuit, said member by movement in one direction being adapted to first cut down resistance in the circuit of one motor and then to cut down resistance in the circuit of the other motor, substantially as described.

18. The combination of a small motor and a large motor, of a single rheostat for said motors having a series of contacts, and a movable member adapted to travel with said contacts to vary the amountof resistance included in the motor-circuits, said member by movement in one direction being adapted to first out down resistance in the circuit of one motor and then to out down resistance in the circuit of the other motor, substantially as de scribed.

19. The combination with two motors, of a IIO single rheostat for said motors having a series of contacts, and a movable member adapted to travel over said contacts, one of said motors having its circuit completed through and controlled by the said movable member and the first portion of the series of contacts, and the other motor having its circuit completed through and controlled by said member and the latter portion of the series of contacts, said arm by its movement in one direction being adapted to first cut down the resistance in the circuit of one motor and then by continued movement in the same direction to cut down the resistance in the circuit of the other motor, substantially as described.

20. The combination with a small and a large motor, of a rheostat for said motors hav- THOMAS E. BARNUM.

Witnesses:

NICK. EWENs, EMIL J. ZINGEN.

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