US1401917A - Tape-transmitter - Google Patents

Tape-transmitter Download PDF

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Publication number
US1401917A
US1401917A US856845A US1914856845A US1401917A US 1401917 A US1401917 A US 1401917A US 856845 A US856845 A US 856845A US 1914856845 A US1914856845 A US 1914856845A US 1401917 A US1401917 A US 1401917A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tape
transmitter
armature
contact
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US856845A
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English (en)
Inventor
Murray Donald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Western Union Telegraph Co
Original Assignee
Western Union Telegraph Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR476546D priority Critical patent/FR476546A/fr
Priority to GB191328559D priority patent/GB191328559A/en
Application filed by Western Union Telegraph Co filed Critical Western Union Telegraph Co
Priority to US856845A priority patent/US1401917A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1401917A publication Critical patent/US1401917A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L17/00—Apparatus or local circuits for transmitting or receiving codes wherein each character is represented by the same number of equal-length code elements, e.g. Baudot code
    • H04L17/02—Apparatus or circuits at the transmitting end
    • H04L17/12—Automatic transmitters, e.g. controlled by perforated tape

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved perforated paper tape automatic transmitter for use with a keyboard tape perforator in a multiplex printing telegraph system.
  • the chief objects of the invention are to reduce as much as possible the delay between the perforation and the transmission ofthe messages and to provide for automatic starting and stopping of the transmitter under the control of thetension of the perforated paper tape.
  • Figure 1 is a plan View of the transmitter.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation along the lines A B in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a side elevation partly in section along the lines C D, Fig. 1, and E F, Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation along-the line Ur I-I, Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 7 is a modification of part of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic sketch of the automatic starting and stopping mechanism of the transmitter.
  • Fig. 9 is a detail of Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 10 is a plan View of the modification shown in Fig. 7.
  • Fig.11 is a detail of part of Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 12 is analternative arrangement of the automatic starting and stopping mechanism.
  • - Fig. 13 shows a piece of the perforated paper tape.
  • the telegraph tape transmitter which is the subject of the present patent application is designed to work in conjunction with the key-board perforator, and it is arranged with the same object, namely, to reduce to the minimum possible amount the delay between the preparation and the transmission of telegraph messages.
  • the mechanism of transmission in the transmitter is therefore arranged to work at the extreme right-hand side of the instrument. Transmission takes place at the point where the hooks 4, Fig. 2, engage with the holes in the paper tape 5.
  • the transmitter is so designed that it will work conveniently at a distance of about one inch and it may even be worked at a distance of half an inch from the left-hand side of the key-board perforator.
  • the tape produced by the key-board perforator has the letter groups of perforations arranged across the tape, as shown in Fig.
  • transmission can take place up to within 12 letters or three seconds of the last letter punched on the key-board perforaton- This is a much greater reduction of delay than has ever before been. achieved in the transmisvers 8, pivoted at 11, Fig. 2, being pushed.
  • the transmitter is arranged to run at a uniform speed of about 40 words per minute (four letters per second), and if the transmitter followed close up to the perforating machine, the key-board operator would be under anxiety lest the transmitter should overtake the key-board perforator and break the tape. He would have to be always watching the transmitter and this watching would distract his attention from his proper work of perforating the messages. It is still more convenient for the operator if the transmitter is not only self-stopping but also self-starting. As far as I am aware, no mechanism of .this kind has been devised before I devised it"for a multiplex printing telegraph perforated tape transmitter.
  • tact levers 8 will catch thrown over to the negative or the positive contact bar in the midst of'the transmission of the signal group into the line, the signal would'necessarily be mutilated and a wrong letter would be printed at the distant station. It is therefore necessary that the starting and stopping mechanism shall operate between the transmission of signals. Another condition is that when the machine stops, the, contact levers must be thrown over onto the negative contact bar 10, so that only negative current flows 'to line. If positive current went to the line from the transmitter while the transmitter was stopped it would cause the printer to keep on operating.
  • An L shaped lever 19, pivoted at 20, hereinafter described as the tape lever, is arranged with the end 21 free to rise or fall in the space where the paper tape passes from the perforator to the transmitter. (See Figs. 1 and 2.)
  • the tape forms a loop 5 at this point, rising up out of the perforator and passing down into the transmitter.
  • the tape lever pressed up by a coiled spring 22, igs. 1 and 5, rises in side ofth s paper loop. As the tape gradually passes into the transmitter, if perforating stops, the loop becomes smaller and the tape lever is gradually depressed.
  • the armature stopping pawl 15 is pivoted'at 16 on the frame of the transmitter below the tapelever, and the two are connected to ether by a small spiral wire spring 23, Figs. 6 and 8.
  • this spring may not have to be strong with consequent heavyaction, it is desirable to make the armature stopping pawl 15 ofbrass or other non-magnetic metal, the holding tip being reinforced with a small piece of clockspring steel 24, Fig. 6.
  • a steel paw is liable to be attracted and held down on the magnet armature.
  • the stopping pawl 15 tends to rise, and as the tape lever falls the stopping pawl also falls, being assisted in this respect by a separate spring of its own, 25, tending to pressit down in antagonism to the spring connecting it to the tape lever.
  • the pawl is therefore balanced between two opposing springs and when free rises or falls with the rise or fall of the tape lever.
  • the armature stopping pawl' 15. has been allowed to fall until its hookrests on theedge of the prolongation of the armature 17. The moment the armature is attracted the pawl drops over the edge and the armature is caught and the pawl is locked by hooking into the undercut portion of the" extension bar of the armature (see 18, Fig. 6). If six or eight letters are now perforated on the key-board perforator so as to give a little slack tape, as shown by the dotted outline 26, Fig. 2, the tape lever 19 rises and puts lifting tension onthe armature stopping pawl 15 by means of the spiral spring 23 connecting the two. As soon as the cadence impulse attracts thearmature,
  • Fig. 8 shows the automatic starting and stopping mechanism in diagrammatic form.
  • the reference numbers enable the action to be easily followed from the description already given. 7 is a small portion of the transmitter magnet attracting the armature (or steel bar extension) ,so as to release or catch the pawl at the right moment.
  • 66 is the spindle of the multiplex distributer and 64 is the revolving contact brush which, at regular intervals, closes the circuit by making contact with the segment 65. While the transmitter is running, mag- I nets 62 and 63 attract 68 and 69 at regular so that the short circuit is closed from the battery 67 ,through the magnet 62, wire 73,
  • lever 19 contact 71, lever 68, wire (4, transmitter magnet 7 and backto the battery 67. This holds the transmitter magnet 7 closed tape loop has pulled lever 19 down so that it is caigght by-the pawl 70.
  • the transmitter
  • the transmitter itself is composed of a series of five vertical contact levers 8 arranged. side by side in a row between two contact bars 9 and 10, one connected to positive and the other to negative battery.
  • the contact bars carry 'adjustable contact screws 27 of the usual type. Projecting horizontally to the left from each of the vertical contact levers from their hearing point there is an arm 28, Fig. 2, carrying a glass-hard steel wedge 29, on its end; A series of five flatsteel springs 30' with sharp ends bent to the right press against the steel wedges, thereby causing the contact levers to press firmly against the positive or the negative contacts.-- There is a'corresponding arm 31,
  • Fig. 2 projecting from each of the five con tact' 'jlevers to the right, To each of these right-hand armsthere is attached-a spring 32 carrying a small block of fiber or other a suitable insulating material 33. Raising or lowering these little insulation blocks about i gth inch (about 1.5 mm.) will throw the contact levers on to the negative or the positive contacts.
  • the oscillating frame 34 and the hook levers 35 are shown in detail in Figs. 3 and '4.
  • the frame34 is pinned to the shaft 37, Fig. 5,
  • the lever 38 is connected to the steel bar extension 17 of the armature of the magnet 7 by the steel rod 39 with rounded ends, one of which fits into a socket in the lever 38 and the other 'end into a socket in the bar 17.
  • the spring 14 pulls the lever 38 in the direction of the arrow 40.
  • the armature through its bar 17 when the magnet is energized, pushes the lever 38 in the direction of the a row 41. In this way the shaft 37 is oscillated back and forward.
  • the shaft 37 therefore rocks the frame 34, Fig. 2, so that the hook levers 35 pivoted at 36 rise and fall about g-th inch (about 3.2 mm.).
  • Fig. 2 the hook levers 35 pivoted at 36 rise and fall about g-th inch (about 3.2 mm.).
  • a plan view the frame 34 is pinned to the shaft 37 and has two arms, 42 and 43. At the free end there is a small spindle 36 upon which the hook levers 35'are hung.
  • Fig. 4 a front elevation, it will be seen that in addition to the hook levers there is a loop or stirrup 13. It is this stirrup 13 that lifts the small blocks 33, Fig. 2, thereby thr0wing thecontact levers on to the negative con 'tacts when the magnet is energized so as to attract its armature and causing the frame 34 to rise and with it the hook levers 35 and the stirrup 13.
  • each of the levers 35 carries a hook or claw 4 adapted to engage in the perforations in the paper tape.
  • the lower ends of these levers project downward just clear of the insulation blocks of the contact levers.” If there .is a perforation in the paper tape the corresponding claw falls into it and thelower end of the lever carrying the claw 'n'ioves'inward under the tension of spring 44so as to be immediately over the insulation block 33 of the corresponding contacg lever.
  • the object of the sixth claw lever is to feed the tape through the transmitter at points where there are and also to relieve the paper of the strain of being fed forward by one claw only. This would tend to tear the perforations.
  • the sixth lever is made with adouble claw, so that there are never less than two holes in the tape engaged by claws and usually. three or four.
  • a lever 47 is arranged at the back of the transmitter to throw the claws out from engagement with the paper tape when it is desiredto remove the tape from the transmitter.
  • FIG. 7, 9, 10 and 11 An alternative method of feeding the tape and setting the contact lever combinations is shown in Figs. 7, 9, 10 and 11.
  • the lVheatstone method of feeding the tape forward by a star-wheel 48 is employed.
  • the oscillating frame in this case consists of a single arm 34 pinned to the oscillating shaft 37. At the free end the arm 34 carries a small spindle and friction roller 49. This extends in front of the five levers 50. These levers are pivoted at 51 and are pressed against 49 by the five springs 52.
  • the five levers 5O carry five needles 53, which pass through holes in the paper tape and enter the holes in the steel plate 54. These needles correspond to the needles of thelVheatstone transmitter.
  • the spindle and roller 49 press up against the inclined or bent portion of the levers 50, thereby throwback so that the needles are withdrawn from the paper tape.
  • the pawl55 attached to the lever 34, rises and moves the ratchet wheel 56, Fig. 11, around one tooth and it is a space.
  • the ratchet 56 is on the same small spindle 58, Fig. 10, as the star-wheel 48.
  • the paper tape is in this way fed forward one letter
  • the levers 50 when thrown back by the lever 34 rising throw the contact levers 8 over on to the contact bar 9 by means of five flat springs 58 engagingin slots in in The claws slip out of the holes.
  • Suitable arrangements are made for releasing the tape either by moving out the steel plate 54, Fig. 7 or by carrying the star-wheel and ratchet-wheel on an oscillate ing frame that can be moved back so as to liberate the paper tape.
  • Fig. 9 shows the upper part of one of the levers 50 and its The automatic starting and stopping action already described is exactly the same in the case of this arrangement as in the case of the hook or claw lever arrangement. .It will be seen that in this case also and wedges 29, Fig. 2.
  • the levers 8, Fig. 7 may each be balanced between two spiral springs, one of these spiral springs connecting each lever 8 to each of the levers 50.
  • 58 and 59 are omitted. If any lever 50 moves to the right as itspin 53 enters a hole in the tape, the spring connecting it to lever 8 pulls lever 8 over on to contact 9 against the, tension of the opposing spring, spring-52 of the corresponding lever 50 being sufficiently strong for this purpose.
  • This balanced spring arrangement is the same in principle as'that shown in Fig. 8, though usedfor an entirely different purpose.
  • the pawl 15 (Fig.8) repin the drawings,- and may pass to the floor through a hole in the table or along under the transmiter to the left. The tape when freed fromthe claws or-the pins and.
  • star-wheel can be removed from thetransn iitter instantly by withdrawing it sidewise.
  • e machine is provided with a cover 60, Fig.5, which may be, lifted off when 'required.
  • an automatic tape transmitter of the step by step type means operated by the tape for stopplng thetransmitter automaticombinations of cally, means for sendin difierential impulses suc as posltive and negative or make and break impulses together with means for sending a predeten. mined combination of impulses continuously to line when the transmitter is stopped automatically by the tape, scribed.
  • means for sending signals means operated by the tension of the tape for starting the transmitter automatically, together with "means for sending a predetermined combination of impulses to the line when the transmitter is stopped, substantially as described.
  • means for sending signals
  • means operated by the tension of the tape for starting and stopping the transmitter automatically, together with means for sending a predetermined combination of impulses to the line when the transmeans operated by themitter is stopped, substantially as described.
  • an automatic tape transmitter means for perforating said tape, an electro* magnet, means for energizing said electromagnet, a frame, a plurality of'hook' members in said frame, said electromagnet for reciprocating said frame, and causing said hook members to engage with the perforations in said tape, a plurality of contactmembers, means co-acting with the hook members which engage with the perforations to operate the corre sponding contact members oh ;one stroke of said frame, means for returning said contact membersto their initial'position on the other stroke of said frame, together with means controlled by a length of tape for stopping or starting the reciprocations of said frame, substantially as described.
  • the combination with opposed contact members, and a pivoted contact arm arranged to move from one to the other, of perforated-tape controlled means comprising a finger and .a pivoted support therefor, and elastic pressure means tending to cause such finger to engage perforations of the tape when such perforations are opposite said finger, and means for moving said finger back and forth, said movablecontact arm having a portion which isin the path of movement of the finger when the latter is in engagement with'a perforation of the tape, and which is out of the path of movement of such finger when the latter is not in engagement with a perforation of the tape, and restoring means for said contact arm comprising means carried by the finger-support and arranged to engage and restore said contact arm upon return movement of said support.
  • a pivoted contact arm arranged to move from one to the other, of perforated-tape controlled means comprising a finger and a pivoted support therefor, and elastic presengage perforations of the tape when-much perforations are opposite said finger, and means for movmg said finger back and. forth, said movable centaetnarm having a portion which is in the path of movement of the finger when the latter is in engagement with a perforation of the tape,-and which is out of the path of movement of such finger when the latter is not in engagement with a perforation of the tape, and a loop depending from said finger support to beneath the contact arm and arranged to engage and restore said contact arm upon return movementof the finger support.
  • the combination with opposed'contact members and a movable contact arm adapted to engage one orthe other of said contact members at will, and a case 'inclosing said contact.
  • the combination with tape-controlled contact means, and operating means therefor comprisin a magnet and an armature therefor, an means operatedby said armature for operating said contact means, of mechanical armature-locking means controlled by the tension of the tape and arranged to lock said armature in attracted position when the tape becomes too taut, and-to release said armature when the tape slackens from such taut condition.
  • the combination with tape-controlled contact means, and operating means therefor comprising a magnet and an armature therefor,an'dmeans operated by said armature for operating said contact means, said armature having a hook-shaped portion, of a detent which, in the vicinity ofsaid armature, is
  • said. detent hav-' inga hard projecting hook-shaped portion, said detent arranged to move its hookshaped portion into position for engagement with the hook-shaped armature portion when said armature is in attracted posi- -tittn, and when in such position to permit slight freedom. ofmovem'ent of the armature, but not sufficient movement of said armature to cause operation of the contact means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
US856845A 1913-12-11 1914-08-14 Tape-transmitter Expired - Lifetime US1401917A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR476546D FR476546A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1913-12-11
GB191328559D GB191328559A (en) 1913-12-11 1913-12-11 Improved Telegraph Tape Transmitter.
US856845A US1401917A (en) 1913-12-11 1914-08-14 Tape-transmitter

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB91328559T 1913-12-11
US856845A US1401917A (en) 1913-12-11 1914-08-14 Tape-transmitter

Publications (1)

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US1401917A true US1401917A (en) 1921-12-27

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US856845A Expired - Lifetime US1401917A (en) 1913-12-11 1914-08-14 Tape-transmitter

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US (1) US1401917A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR476546A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB191328559A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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FR476546A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB191328559A (en) 1914-12-10

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