US1401578A - Apparatus for producing distilled water - Google Patents

Apparatus for producing distilled water Download PDF

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US1401578A
US1401578A US822665A US1914822665A US1401578A US 1401578 A US1401578 A US 1401578A US 822665 A US822665 A US 822665A US 1914822665 A US1914822665 A US 1914822665A US 1401578 A US1401578 A US 1401578A
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water
pipe
evaporator
chamber
distilled water
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US822665A
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Bleicken Berthold
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
    • B01D1/20—Sprayers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/06—Evaporators with vertical tubes
    • B01D1/065—Evaporators with vertical tubes by film evaporating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
    • B01D5/0012—Vertical tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
    • B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
    • C02F1/12—Spray evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/06—Pressure conditions
    • C02F2301/063—Underpressure, vacuum
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S203/00—Distillation: processes, separatory
    • Y10S203/18—Control

Definitions

  • the evaporator is provided with a brine discharge pipe which opens below a free water-level, so that the water-level in the evaporator is determined independently of the quantity of water fed into it solely by the partial vacuum in it an by the height of the evaporator above the free water-level, so that morewater than is evaporated can constantly be supplied to the evaporator without the height of the waterlevel in the evaporator varying.
  • a primary object is to provide an improved apparatus of this type.
  • the evaporator which is operated under a partial vacuum and is provided with a discharge pipe, opening below a free water-level, is connected with an apparatus for heating water to a temperature higher than that corresponding to its boiling point in the evaporator.
  • the invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts ded the pipe 43 with scribed hereinafter and pointed out in the claims.
  • Fig. 2 shows a part of this apparatus, namely the evaporator on an enlarged scale in a vertical section.
  • the numeral 1 designates the main condenser for condensing steam from the main engine.
  • the same may be of any described kind and in the embodiment comprises a cylindrical casing having closed ends 2, 3.
  • the cooling tubes 4 are beaded or otherwise attached into these ends and connect the chamber 5 with the header 6 and the latter with the chamber 7.
  • the cylindrical casing surrounding the tubes 4 is connected by the pipe 38 with an exhaustpump 76.
  • the chamber 7 is connected by a feed pipe 10 leading to a preheater 11 and with a pipe 41 leading into the sea.
  • a regulating device in the form of a valve or the like is provided at 42, which, when properly regulated allows only a relatively small amount of water which leaves the chamber 7 to pass into the pipe 10, the greater part being led away through the pipe 41 into the sea.
  • the preheater 11 is similar to the main condenser in construction and comprises a cylindrical casing having ends 12, 13, into which the heating tubes 14 are beaded.
  • the tubes 14 connect the chamber 15 with a header 16 and the latter with the chamber 17.
  • the cylindrical casing of the preheater surrounding the tubes. 14 is connected by a pipe 39 with the exhaust piping of the auxiliary engines and by the pipe 40 with an exhaust-pump 78.
  • the water preheated in the tubes 4 in the main condenser is superheated in the tubes 14 by the exhaust steam of the auxiliary engines.
  • a pipe 18 leads from the chamber 17 to the annular chamber 19 of the evaporator 20, and to the tubes 21 in the chamber 22, which are connected to the annular chamber 19.
  • the bottom of the chamber 22 constitutes a spraying device 23.
  • the pipe 25 having the branches 26, 26, is connected to the chamber or space 24 bounded by the annular chamber 19.
  • the branch pipes 26 open into the steam chamber or header 27 of a condenser built around the evaporator 20.
  • the header 27 is connected by the cooling pipes 28, surrounded by the casing 30, with the condensation chamber 29.
  • the cooling water surrounding the pipes 28 is supplied at 31 and flows away heated at 32.
  • the header 2? is connected by the pipe 33 with the steam space of the main condenser l.
  • the water passing through the main condenser is therefore preheated not only by the steam of the main engine, but also by the steam produced in the evaporator.
  • the descending pipe 34-. connects the header 29 with a tank 35 which is arranged so low down that the condensed steam which collects in the header 29 flows away in spite of the partial vacuum in the condenser.
  • the pipe 36 leads downward from the lower part of the evaporator 20 and opens outboards below the level of the sea.
  • the described apparatus operates as follows:
  • the sea water is lifted through pipe 8 by means of a pump, and passes into the chamber 5 of the main condenser, whence itflows through the lower heating tubes 4 into the header 6 and thence through the upper cooling tubes 4 into the chamber 7, where it is heated by the steam streamin and condensing around the tubes t and eaves the latter through the pipe 43.
  • the greater part flows away through the pipe 41 into the sea, while only a relatively small quantity is supplied through the pipe 10 to the preheater 11 through which it flows in a manner similar to that just described together with the water flowing down from the evaporator through the pipe 37.
  • the heated water is finally supplied through the pipe 18 into the annular chamber 19 of the evaporator and flows out of this through the tubes 21 into the header 22, from which it passes into the form of fine jets into the steam chamber of the evaporator 20.
  • the water supplied in excess in part flows outboards through the pipe 36 and in part flows through the pipe 37 to mingle with the water leaving the main condenser, whereupon the mixture flows through the heating tubes of the preheater and is again supplied through the pipe 18 to the evaporator.
  • the vapor or steam escaping from the evaporator flows around the tubes 21 through which hot water flows, whereby the steam is dried, whereupon it issues from the evaporator through the pipes 25, 26, 26 into the header 27 of the condenser.
  • any known water separating devlce may be provided in the chamber 24 or in the pipe 25.
  • a partial vacuum corresponding to that in the main condenser is maintained in the condenser by way of pipe 33 and exhaust 76.
  • I claim 1 In an apparatus for distilling seawater of the character described, the combination of a main condenser and a preheater with an evaporator operating under a partial vacuum, a valve controlled pipe connecting said main condenser and said preheater, a pipe connecting said preheat er with the upper part of said evaporator, a steam chamber in said evaporator, a pipe connecting said chamber with the pipe connection between main condenser and preheater for commingling the excess of water from said evaporator with the water supply from said main condenser, a tank, and a pipe connecting the evaporatpr with said tank for conducting the distilled water into said tank, and a pipe connection between said evaporator and said main condenser, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
  • an evaporator comprising in combination, a heater and a condenser, means for connecting both, means for exhausting the cooling water, means for exhausting part of the superfluous water supply, and means for exhausting the distilled water, substantially as described.
  • an evaporator comprising in combination, an annular chamber, an upper steam chamber and a lower condensation chamber, cooling pipes connecting the steam chamber and said condensation chamber, a header, a sprayer bottom in said header, means for exhausting the cooling water, means for exhausting part of the superfluous water supply, and means -for exhausting the distilled water, substantially as described.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Description

B. BIQEICKEN.
APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING DISTILLED WATER.
APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1914.
Patented Dec. 27, 1921.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I
APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING DISTILLED WATER.
Specification of Letters Yatent.
Patented Dec. 27, 1921.
Application flled ltliarch 5, 1914. Serial No. 822,665.
(GRANTED ummn THE rnovrsrons or run new or mnncn 3, um, 41 s'm'r. L., 1313.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, BERTHOLD Bnnroxnn, a citizen of the German Empire, and residing at Gross-Borstel, near Hamburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Distilled Water, (for which I have filed appiication as follows: Germany, in part, on
arch 19, 1913, No. B. 71153 X13/b, and in part on December 17, 1913, No. B. .75,
'197X/l3b; England, in part, on January 27 1914, No. 2191; Denmark, 1n part, on DecemberlO, 1913, No. 2272; Hungary, in part, on February 14, 1914, No. 3300; France, in part, on December 13, 1913, No. 64,559; Austria, in part, on December 13, 1913; Italy, in part, on December 13, 1913, Reg. 205, No. 195; and'Russia, in part, on December 7/20, 1913, No. 60, 983,) of which the following is a specification.
In the apparatus for producing distilled water disclosed in my Patent No. 1102131, dated June 30, 1914, the evaporator is provided with a brine discharge pipe which opens below a free water-level, so that the water-level in the evaporator is determined independently of the quantity of water fed into it solely by the partial vacuum in it an by the height of the evaporator above the free water-level, so that morewater than is evaporated can constantly be supplied to the evaporator without the height of the waterlevel in the evaporator varying.
A primary object is to provide an improved apparatus of this type.
According to my invention the evaporator which is operated under a partial vacuum and is provided with a discharge pipe, opening below a free water-level, is connected with an apparatus for heating water to a temperature higher than that corresponding to its boiling point in the evaporator. Some of the heated water passing constantly from this apparatus in the evaporator is evaporated without additional heat being supplied, while a far larger quantity descends without influencing the water-level in the evaporator.
The invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts ded the pipe 43 with scribed hereinafter and pointed out in the claims.
Two illustrative embodiments of the invention as applied to the production of distilled water ona steamer are represented by way of example in the accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is a vertical section through the distilling a paratus.
Fig. 2 shows a part of this apparatus, namely the evaporator on an enlarged scale in a vertical section.
Referring to Fig. 1, the numeral 1 designates the main condenser for condensing steam from the main engine. The same may be of any described kind and in the embodiment comprises a cylindrical casing having closed ends 2, 3. The cooling tubes 4 are beaded or otherwise attached into these ends and connect the chamber 5 with the header 6 and the latter with the chamber 7. The pipe 8, throughwhich the water is supplied by means of a pump in the direction of the arrow 9, opens into the chamber 5. The cylindrical casing surrounding the tubes 4 is connected by the pipe 38 with an exhaustpump 76. The chamber 7 is connected by a feed pipe 10 leading to a preheater 11 and with a pipe 41 leading into the sea. A regulating device in the form of a valve or the like is provided at 42, which, when properly regulated allows only a relatively small amount of water which leaves the chamber 7 to pass into the pipe 10, the greater part being led away through the pipe 41 into the sea. The preheater 11 is similar to the main condenser in construction and comprises a cylindrical casing having ends 12, 13, into which the heating tubes 14 are beaded. The tubes 14 connect the chamber 15 with a header 16 and the latter with the chamber 17. The cylindrical casing of the preheater surrounding the tubes. 14 is connected by a pipe 39 with the exhaust piping of the auxiliary engines and by the pipe 40 with an exhaust-pump 78. The water preheated in the tubes 4 in the main condenser is superheated in the tubes 14 by the exhaust steam of the auxiliary engines.
A pipe 18 leads from the chamber 17 to the annular chamber 19 of the evaporator 20, and to the tubes 21 in the chamber 22, which are connected to the annular chamber 19. The bottom of the chamber 22 constitutes a spraying device 23.
The pipe 25 having the branches 26, 26, is connected to the chamber or space 24 bounded by the annular chamber 19. The branch pipes 26 open into the steam chamber or header 27 of a condenser built around the evaporator 20. The header 27 is connected by the cooling pipes 28, surrounded by the casing 30, with the condensation chamber 29. The cooling water surrounding the pipes 28 is supplied at 31 and flows away heated at 32.
The header 2? is connected by the pipe 33 with the steam space of the main condenser l. The water passing through the main condenser is therefore preheated not only by the steam of the main engine, but also by the steam produced in the evaporator. The descending pipe 34-. connects the header 29 with a tank 35 which is arranged so low down that the condensed steam which collects in the header 29 flows away in spite of the partial vacuum in the condenser. Further, the pipe 36 leads downward from the lower part of the evaporator 20 and opens outboards below the level of the sea.
The described apparatus operates as follows:
The sea water is lifted through pipe 8 by means of a pump, and passes into the chamber 5 of the main condenser, whence itflows through the lower heating tubes 4 into the header 6 and thence through the upper cooling tubes 4 into the chamber 7, where it is heated by the steam streamin and condensing around the tubes t and eaves the latter through the pipe 43. The greater part flows away through the pipe 41 into the sea, while only a relatively small quantity is supplied through the pipe 10 to the preheater 11 through which it flows in a manner similar to that just described together with the water flowing down from the evaporator through the pipe 37. The heated water is finally supplied through the pipe 18 into the annular chamber 19 of the evaporator and flows out of this through the tubes 21 into the header 22, from which it passes into the form of fine jets into the steam chamber of the evaporator 20. A
relatively small part of the water is here at once vaporized, while the greater part remains liquid without, however, influencing the water-level in the evaporator. The water supplied in excess in part flows outboards through the pipe 36 and in part flows through the pipe 37 to mingle with the water leaving the main condenser, whereupon the mixture flows through the heating tubes of the preheater and is again supplied through the pipe 18 to the evaporator.
Of the water leaving the main condenser only as much requires to be supplied through the pipe 10 to the preheater as is requisite for replacing that quantity of water which is evaporated in the evaporator and for negativing the increase in the percentage of salt due to the evaporation of the said quantity of water. This amount is however only relatively small, which fact is important in asmuch as the water leaving the main condenser contains air but, owing to its uantity being small, does not materially a cot the air-pump of the main condenser.
The vapor or steam escaping from the evaporator flows around the tubes 21 through which hot water flows, whereby the steam is dried, whereupon it issues from the evaporator through the pipes 25, 26, 26 into the header 27 of the condenser. In order to pre vent particles of liquid being entrained any known water separating devlce may be provided in the chamber 24 or in the pipe 25. Steam flows out of the header 27 into the cooling tubes 28 where the same is condensed, the distilled water thus obtained bein conducted out of the header 29 throug the pipe 34 into the tank 35. A partial vacuum corresponding to that in the main condenser is maintained in the condenser by way of pipe 33 and exhaust 76.
I claim 1. In an apparatus for distilling seawater of the character described, the combination of a main condenser and a preheater with an evaporator operating under a partial vacuum, a valve controlled pipe connecting said main condenser and said preheater, a pipe connecting said preheat er with the upper part of said evaporator, a steam chamber in said evaporator, a pipe connecting said chamber with the pipe connection between main condenser and preheater for commingling the excess of water from said evaporator with the water supply from said main condenser, a tank, and a pipe connecting the evaporatpr with said tank for conducting the distilled water into said tank, and a pipe connection between said evaporator and said main condenser, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
2. In an apparatus for distilling sea-water of the character described, an evaporator comprising in combination, a heater and a condenser, means for connecting both, means for exhausting the cooling water, means for exhausting part of the superfluous water supply, and means for exhausting the distilled water, substantially as described.
3. In an apparatus for distilling sea-water of the character described, an evaporator comprising in combination, an annular chamber, an upper steam chamber and a lower condensation chamber, cooling pipes connecting the steam chamber and said condensation chamber, a header, a sprayer bottom in said header, means for exhausting the cooling water, means for exhausting part of the superfluous water supply, and means -for exhausting the distilled water, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof, I'affixmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.
BERTHOLD BLEICKEN. Witnesses:
EMIL HAGER, CARL SOHAFER.
US822665A 1914-03-05 1914-03-05 Apparatus for producing distilled water Expired - Lifetime US1401578A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2538275A (en) * 1946-08-22 1951-01-16 Ralph J Serpas Vertical tube evaporator
US2613177A (en) * 1948-07-01 1952-10-07 Bethlehem Steel Corp Low-pressure flash evaporator
US3165455A (en) * 1959-05-21 1965-01-12 Gea Luftkuhler Ges M B H Distilling arrangement
US3385768A (en) * 1965-07-26 1968-05-28 John V. Yost Vapor-compression water distillation apparatus
US5312524A (en) * 1992-04-21 1994-05-17 Filter Tech, Inc. Distillation system for recovery of industrial process liquids
FR2993551A1 (en) * 2012-10-25 2014-01-24 Guy Jacques Blondel Producing pure water from e.g. sea water, comprises continuously heat exchanging the water to be treated through walls of vertical heat exchanging tubes comprising a heating source in a chamber located in an upper part of a heat exchanger

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2538275A (en) * 1946-08-22 1951-01-16 Ralph J Serpas Vertical tube evaporator
US2613177A (en) * 1948-07-01 1952-10-07 Bethlehem Steel Corp Low-pressure flash evaporator
US3165455A (en) * 1959-05-21 1965-01-12 Gea Luftkuhler Ges M B H Distilling arrangement
US3385768A (en) * 1965-07-26 1968-05-28 John V. Yost Vapor-compression water distillation apparatus
US5312524A (en) * 1992-04-21 1994-05-17 Filter Tech, Inc. Distillation system for recovery of industrial process liquids
FR2993551A1 (en) * 2012-10-25 2014-01-24 Guy Jacques Blondel Producing pure water from e.g. sea water, comprises continuously heat exchanging the water to be treated through walls of vertical heat exchanging tubes comprising a heating source in a chamber located in an upper part of a heat exchanger

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