US1396326A

US1396326A - Calculating-machine

Info

Publication number: US1396326A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1921-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 1938-11-08

Description

H. E. GOLDBERG (NOW BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME H. GOLBER).

CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILEDGMAR. 18, I918.

Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. E. GOLDBERG (NOW BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME H. GOLBER).

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. 1918.

1,396,326, Patented Nov. 8,1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

LLLILLLLII IIIII H. IE. GOLDBERG (NOW BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME H. GOLBER). I

CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. I8. 1918.

' Patented Nov. 8, 19:21. I

H. E GOLDBERG (NOW BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME H. GOLBER).

CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. IB I918- Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

H. E. GOLDBERG (Now BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME H. GOLBER). CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. I9I8- 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- Patented Nov. 8; 1921..

HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG, (NOW BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME HYMAN GOLBER,) OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO REMINGTON ACCOUNT- ING MACHINE CORPORATION, YORK.

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ACORPORA'IION OF NEW CALCULATIN G-MAOHIN E.

Continuation of application Serial No.

T all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG, a citizen of the United States, residin at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating-Ma- V chines, of which the following is a specification.

f This application is a continuation of my copending application on calculating machines, Serial No. 743,139, filed January 20, 1913.

My invention is an improvement in calcu lating machines and has for its main object the automatic printing of totals from calculating machines which employ a master wheel to enter the numbers in the totalizer sem'cwim.

A further object of my invention is a mechanism 'for automatically determining the total in a totalizer by the method of operating on the decimal places of said totalizer sem'ai'z'm and mechanically determining thedigit present in each decimal place of thetotalizer;

A further objectof my invention is the automatic printing 'of a total thus determined figureby figure by providing mechanism to successively actuate the printing mechanism and print the total figure by figure. I

A further object of my invention is mechanism to automatically remove the total from the totalizer during the course of printing as above described, and further to provide a mechanism by means of which the operator before the total printing operation is initiated may determine whether the total in the totalizer shall remain in-the totalizer or shall be extracted therefrom as a result of the total printing operation.

A further object of my invention is a mechanism for. automatically entering a number present in a totalizer into the totalizer, thereby doubling the number present in the totalizer.

A further object of my invention is a mechanism for printing a total from a totalizer digit by digit and automatically printing said total in a spaced arrangement, and

further in printing certain punctuation marks, such as a comma, in said pointing ofi' spaces. p

A further object of my invention is the Specification of Letters Patent.

743,139, filed January 20, 1913. 1918. Serial No. 223,184.

Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

This application filed March 18,

provision of means for printing a negative total seriatz'm in case such a total should be present in the totalizer as a result of the addition and subtraction of a series of numbers.

A further object of my invention is to so interlock the automatic total printing mechanism with the carriage to the end that the automatic printing mechanism cannot be brought into action unless the carriage of the machine is in a position permitting the automatic determination of the number present in the totalizer.

Further objects of my invention will be 7 hereinafter described and pointed out in the specification and claims.

I have shown my invention as applied to the well known l/Vahl adding machine. This machine has been on the market a number of years and is disclosed in numerous patents, one of which may be mentioned as Patent No. 898,719, issued to John C. Wahl on July 21, 1908. While I have shown my invention in its preferred form and in its preferred application, I do not wish in any manner to be limited to this use of my in vention described in the following specification, since my mechanism is adapted to be used advantageously in connection with any calculating machine in which the numbers are entered into the totalizer one digit at a time, whether said entry is performed manually or automatically. I

Before giving a detailed description of the novel mechanism employed to carry out my invention, 1 will first give a brief outline of the theory on which my invention operates, with a view of rendering the operation and purposes of the various portions of the mechanism itself more clear.

As before noted, my invention is shown as applied to a Wahl adding machine. In this machine there is provided a typewriter, the digit keys of which are connected to suitable actuating mechanism, to the end that a cer wheels are connected by the well known Wahl carrying mechanism, to the end that a complete cycle of motion of any of the carrying wheels is transformed or registered into a one step motion of the carrying wheel of next higher decimal order. It will not be necessary to herein describe the precise carrying mechanism of the Wahl device, since a very thorough-descriptionof it. may be found in the cited patent to Wahl.

The process of entering'numbers into a Wahl machine is as follows: By means of one of the tabulator keys usually present on the typewriter with which the Wahl mechanism is associated, the typewriter carriage and the thereto attached totalizer is first tabulated to the decimal place of the first significant digit of the number to be inserted. The digit keys are then operated in an order corresponding to the sequence of the digits of this number and the master wheel will revolve an amount correspond ing to said digits. After the insertion of each digit the typewriter carriage and attached totalizer move one step to-the left, thereby bringing the master wheel into engagement with the next lower decimal order A of the totalizer for the reception of the next succeeding digit of the number. This process is continued until all the digits of the number have been entered into the totalizer. As a specific instance I may mention the in- .stance of 5 27. The totalizer is first tabulated to the place of the third decimal order or totalizer wheel from the right and the 5 digit key is operated. This results in the rotation of the master wheel five spaces and the consequent insertion of a 5 into the third decimal order of the totalizer When the 5 digit key has reached the bottom of its stroke the typewriter carriage escapes one step to the left, bringing the master wheel into the position corresponding to the space" The space bar of the typewriter is then operated and the carriage and attached totalizer escapes one step farther to the left, thus bringing the second wheel of the totalizer into cooperation with the master wheel. The 2 digit key is then operated, resulting in the rotation of the master wheel two spaces and the insertion of a 2 in the second wheel of the totalizer. Upon the 2 key reaching the bottom of its downstroke the typewriter carriage escapes, bringing the master wheel into cooperation with the lowest order of the totalizer. The 7 digit key is then operated,

resulting in a rotation of the master wheel seven spaces and the insertion of a 7 into the lowest place of'the totalizer. This completes the insertion of the number 5 27.

The Wahl machine is provided with means for reversing the direction of rotation of the master wheel which ensues upon the opera- -tion of any of the digit keys. When this gear shifting device is in one position, operation of any of the digit keys will result in rotation of the master wheel in one direction.

numbers into the machine one after another with the gear reversing device in its adding position. The numbers are consequently accumulated in the totalizer, the total of said numbers appearing behind a window provided for such a purpose. When the computation is complete and it is desired to write the sum of the accumulated numbers, the gear reversing device is changed to its subtracting position, the typewriter carriage is tabulated to the decimal place of the highest significant digit of the total appearing in the totalizer and said total is copied out one digit at a time by operating the digit keys in a sequence corresponding to the number exhibited in the totalizer. {Since the gear reversing device is in its subtracting position during this latter operation, the number appearing in the totalizer will be subtracted therefrom and the totalizer will be left clear, ready to ,be used in a subsequent computation. I

, The mechanism I have thus far described is all old; I will now briefly sketch the general operation of the mechanism which is peculiar to my herein described invention.

When it is desired to extract a total from my herein described machine, the typewriter carriage is first tabulated to the highest decimal place but one of the totalizer. An operating crank is then turned a number of times, one less than the decimal places in the totalizer, and this operation results in the typewriter type bars being operated successively in a sequence determined by the added to the number already in the totalizer.

The first setting is used when it is desired to have the totalizer clear for a subsequent computation. The second setting is used when it is desired to print out a sub-total.

The third setting, whichresults in doubling the number present in the totalizer, is-.=used for purposes hereinafter to be described.

My invention will be best,,-,,understo0d= by reference to the following figures, of which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a Wahl machine equipped with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof, some of the parts having been broken away for the sake of disclosing some of-the interior mechanism;

Fig. 3 is-a detail of a part of the mechanism for determining the digit present in any particular decimal orderofthe totalizer;

Fig. 4 is detail of the gear-reversing mechanism and the mechanism for determining whether the numberautomatically printed shall remain in the totalizer, be subtracted therefrom or be added thereto;

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are details of certain portions of the mechanism which will be clear from the following description;

Fig. 7 is a detail of the operating bar and its relation to the digit keys;

Fig. 8 is a side view of a part of said bar and digit key;

Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 are details of certain cams arranged on the operating shaft;

14 is a sectional view of the operat ing crank and its associated parts, these parts being shown to the left in Fig. 1.

Fig. 15, Fig. 16 and Fig. 17- are details of the gear-reversing mechanism;

Fig. 18 is a detail of the comma printing mech anism Fig. 19 is a detail of the operating bar positioned to print a zero;

Fig. 20, Fig. 21, Fig. 22, Fig. 23 and Fig. 24 are certain details which will hereinafter be described.

Referring now to Fig. 1, 30 are the digit keys which serve to enter numbers into the totalizer and also to print said numbers upon the platen of the machine. These keys are the ordinary numeral keys of a Remington typewriter, the framework of which is humbored 31, and said keys are connected with the customary mechanism of the type bars, ribbon, etc, in order to print on a platen carried by the customary carriage of the Remington typewriter. This carriage is advanced step by step to the left by means of a spring and is controlled by the usual Remington escapement mechanism (not shown) the arrangement being such that op eration of any of the digit keys 30 will result in the printing of the number on the type bar associated withsaid key on the platen, and the subsequent one step advance of the carriage, said advance being permitted by the actuation ofthe typewriter escapement resulting from the operation of the digit key. This Remington mechanism is old and very well known in the art and need not be further described.

Connected to the typewriter carriage by suitable brackets (not shown) and constrained to move step by step in unison with said carriage is a truck 32 upon which is mounted the totalizer 33. Numbers are inserted in this totalizer by a master wheel 34, which is rotatably mounted in the frame work on a shaft 35, The totalizer is of the usual Wahl construction and contains a set of carrying

gears

36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45, said gears being rotatably mounted on a shaft carried between the totalizer side plates 46 and 47. The precise construction of this totalizer is immaterial to my invention, except, in one particular. The carrying mechanism must be so arranged. that locking any of the carrying wheels against rotation will prevent the rotation of the carrying wheel of next lower order beyond its zero point. That this function is present in the Wahl totalizer as ordinarily constructed may be clearly seen by reference to the cited patent to lVahl, or by reference to Wahl Patent No. 1,148,733 of August 3, 1915, in which the operation and structure of the \Vahl totalizer is very clearly described.

Each of the digit keys 30 is connected to an actuator 48 by means of a pull rod 49. it will not be necessary to describe this actuator mechanism in detail, since the mechanism by which a vertical motion of a pull rod 49 is transformed into a differential rotation of. the master wheel 34' is very thoroughly described in the Wahl Patent No. 1,148,733. It will be sufficient for the understanding of the present invention to state that the preliminary motion of any of the pull rods 49 first rotates a master dog 50 in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 2) and then rotates the master wheel 34 a differential amount, depending on the particular digit key which has been operated.

The direction of rotation of the master wheel 34 is determined by the position of a. rod 51, which serves to operate a gear shift device in the actuator 48. Details of this gear shift device are shown in Figs. 15, 16 and 17 fromwhich it will be seen that a sector 52, which may be identified with the sector 41 of the patent to Wahl, No. 1,148,- 733, is adapted toengage either a direct gear 53 or a reverse gear 54, according as said gears are in the position shown in Fig. 17 or Fig. 15. When the direct gear 53 and the reverse gear 54 are in the position shown in Fig. 16, this position corresponding to the middle position of the rod 51, neither of said gears will be engaged by the sector 52 and no motion of themaster wheel will result.-

The reverse gear 54 is rotatably, but nonslidably, mounted on the shaft 51, and the hub of said gear has in it agroove -55, h engages a pin 56 in a lever 57 pivoted stud 58, mounted on a bracket 59 rigid to. the framework of the machine. The other screw pivot 75.

end of the lever 57 carries a pin 60. which engages a groove 61in the hub 62 of the di-' rect gear 53, which is slidably mounted on the master wheel shaft 35. The hub 62 of the direct gear 53 is half cut away and is in 16 and 17) to its operating position (shown in dotted lines in said figures), it will engage and rotate either the reverse gear 54 (Fig. the direct gear 53 (Fig. 17), or neither of said gears (Fig. 16'), and thus by the po- 15 sition of the rod 51 it may be determined whether the operation of the digit keys 30 will result in direct, contrary or no rotation of the master wheel 34.

. Each of the pull rods 49 is connected to a 20 fan 64, rotatably mounted on a shaft 65, held between the side plates of the actuator 48.

Operation of any digit key 30 will therefore result in partial counter-clockwise rotation of the associated fan 64. Each of said fans is supplied with a cam surface 66, having a nose 67 and a heel 68.

Rotatably mounted in the framework of the actuator is a rockshaft 69, which carries a roller 70 extending the entire length of the actuator and adapted to be operated by any of the cams 66. During the downward Inotion of the; key, the nose 67 first contacts with the roller 70 (Fig. 3), thereby turning the rockshaft 69 in a clockwise direction (Figs. 2 and 3). This preliminary motion of the rockshaft serves to actuate the master dog 50 in the manner described in either of the cited patents to Wahl. During the further downward motion of the key the roller 1 70 rests upon the concentric surface of the cam 66 and at the terminationv of the downstroke of the key escapes from the heel.68

and is returned by a spring (not shown) to its normal position. On th upstroke of the key the heel 68 of thec'am 66 contacts with the roller 70, thus rotating the rockshaft in the opposite direction to a position determined by the contact of the roller 70 with the concentric surface of the cam 66. Upon the completion of the upstroke of the key the roller 70 escapes from the nose 67 of the cam 66, and the rockshaft 69 is returned by a spring (not shown) to its normal position. Each of the cams 64 has connected thereto a gooseneck 71, which by contact with a se- I ries of rollers 72 serves to rotate a sector shaft a differential amount in the manner described in the cited patent toWahl, No. 1,148,733. This differential rotation of the sector shaft- 73 results in the differential movement of the sector 52, which is pivoted to a lug 74 rigid to the sector shaft 7 3by a It will not be necessary to describe the helical camarrangement serving to bring the sectorin its dotted position shown in Figs. 15, 16 and 17, since said mechanism-is described in the patent to Wahl. No. 1,148,733.

The sequence of events ensuing upon the stroke of one of the digit keys 30 is as follows:

The fan 64, connected to the particular digit key 30 which is being operated is first rotated in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 2), the first part of said rotation resulting in the displacement of the rockshaft' 69 from its normal position and the shifting of the sector 52 to its dotted position, and also in th counter-clockwise rotation of the master dog 50 (Fig. 2). After these events have occurred, the gooseneck 71 associated with the fan 64 engages one of the rollers 72 and thus rotates the sector shaft 73 a differential amount. This results in the rotation of the master wheel 34 in a manner determined by the position of the rod 51.

Upon the completion of the downstroke of the digit key 30 the rockshaft 69 is returned to its normal position, owing to the escape of the roller from the heel 68. This restores the master dog 50 and the sector 52 to their normal positions and at this time the typewriter carriage escapes, allowing the truck 32 to move one step to the left, thereby bringing the master wheel 34 in contact with a totalizercarrying gear of next lower order. Upon the upstroke of the key the rockshaft 69 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 2) and at the completion of the upstroke of the key returns to its normal position by reason oft-he roller 70 escaping from the nose 67 of the cam 66.

The mechanism heretofore described is all old and, as before noted, is well described in the cited patent to Wahl. I have now arrived at the description of the mechanism which is peculiar to my present invention, and before describing said mechanism in detail I will first give the general theory of its operation.

In printing a positive total from my machin the totalizer is brought into a position to engage the master wheel in the next to the highest decimal order thereof. The totalizer carrying gear to the left of the master wheel is then locked against rotation. The master wheel is rotated in a subtracting direction until it is stopped by the contact of the carrying tooth on the engaged totalizer gear with its carrying mechanism, it being remembered that the carrying mechanism of the Wahl totalizer is such that if the carrying wheel of higher order is locked against rotation, the carryingv wheel of lower order cannot be rotated past its carrying point. By reason of rotating the master wheel in a subtracting direction until the carrying gear in mesh therewith has been stopped by its associated carrying mechanism I am enabled tation of the master wheel is translated into a differential rotation of the sector shaft 73, and while the sector shaft is in its displaced position, a feeler is brought against one of a set of arms arranged on said shaft in the form of a spiral. The feeler is thus located in a position dependent upon the particular digit in the decimal place of the totalizer.

Having located this feeler, I then roll back operation is precisely similar to the operation of a digit key by hand.

After the digit key has been operated, as just described, the truck 32 escapes one step to the left and the master wheel comes into engagement with the totalizer gear of next lower order. The operations just described are repeated. This results in the determination and printing of the second digit of the total present in the totalizer. The totalizer is operated on digit. by digit until the digit present in all the decimal places has been determined and printed.

I shall now describe the mechanism used for the performance of the various operations just described.

The cmrying gear Zockz'n'g mechanism.

The object of this mechanism is to lock the totalizer carrying gear immediately to the left of the carrying gear engaged by the master wheel '34. It consists of a locking tooth 76 mounted on a sliding piece 77 which is pivoted at 78 to an arm 79 rigid on a shaft 80 rotatably mounted in the framework.

The sliding piece 77 has a slot 81 therein which straddles the hub 63 of the master wheel 34. The locking tooth 7 6 is located just adjacent to the master wheel to the left (Figs. 5 and 15), and when elevated serves to lock the totalizer carrying gear to the left of the master wheel against rotation. In Fig. 4 the master wheel is shown in engagement with the totalizer carrying gear 38, and the locking tooth 76 is in a position to lock the gear 37 when said tooth is elevated. The shaft 80 is rotatably mounted in the framework and has rigidly mounted on its left end (Figs. 4.- and 6) a crank! arm 82, having a pin 83 which engages a fork 8a in a lever 85 pivoted at 86 on the framework of the machine. The lever 85 carries a pin 87, which by means hereinafter to be described is engaged and rocked in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 6) preliminary to any rotation of the master wheel in extracting a total.

111 eans for positioning the rod 51.

The rod 51 has mounted thereon a cylinder 88 (F ig. 4:) having an interior ring 89 and an exteriorlug 90 which is adapted to engage in any one of three slots, 91, 92 or 93, in an escutcheon plate 94: rigid on the framework of the machine. In the interior of the cylinder is a washer 95, urged against the ring 89 by a compression spring 96 between one end of the cylinder and said washer. The cylinder 88 also contains a second washer 97, urged against the other side of the interior ring 89 by the compression spring 98. The rod 51 has a flange 99 thereon, and the cylinder as a whole is provided with a handle 100, by means of which it may be set in any one of its three positions.

It will be obvious from an inspection of Fig. 4 that when the handle 100 is in any of its positions that the rod 51 may be shifted independent of the position of the handle 100, the springs 96 or 98, as the case may be, permitting such motion. However, when the rod 51 is undisturbed, it will return to a position determined by the setting of the flange 90 into any one of the

slots

91, 92 or 93. The slot 91 corresponds to the adding position of the rod 51, and slot 92 corresponds to the disconnect position. Slot 93 corresponds to the subtracting position of said rod.

Means for throwing the rod 51 into a subtracting position.

This mechanism consists of a slidable piece 101 having

cams

102 and 103 thereon, said piece being mounted on the end of a rod 104 slidably mounted in a bearing 105 in the framework of the machine. The rod 51 has mounted in it a displaceable pin 106 having two locating notches107 and 108 therein. A plunger 109, held in position by a compression spring 110, serves to hold the pin 106 in either of its located positions. In one position of the pin it will contact with the cam 102, and thus motion of the rod 104 in a downward direction will result in the shifting of the rod 57 to its subtracting posi tion if said rod is not already held in said position by the location of the handle 100. If the pin 106 is thrown to its alternative position, it will contact with the cam 103, and the rod 51 will thereupon be brought to the position of the handle 100, and further,.

as soon as the rod 104 is restored to its normal position (Fig. 4) the rod 51 will return to its position as determined by the location of the handle 100.

In determining apositive total it is necessary to rotate the .master wheel 34 in its subtracting position. Consequently in such a case the pm 106 is set so as to be acted on by the cam 102. As will hereinafter be de scribed, in the event a negative total is to be extracted, the pin 106 will be shifted so that the rod 51 will be located by the cam 103, instead of the cam 102, and the master wheel will be rotated in its adding direction during the printing of the negative total. Mechanism for locating the sector shaft 75.

As before noted, the master wheel operates on the totalizer gears 37 to 45 inclusive one at a time, and determines the digit present on said gears by the expedient of rotating said gears back to their carrying point, further rotation being prevented by the locking tooth 76.

I shall now describe the mechanism for rotating the master wheel 34 in this manner and also locating the sector shaft 73 in a position dependent :upon the amount of rotation ofsaid master wheel.

Rotatably mounted on the shaft 65 (Fig. 3) is a special fan 111 having an extended cam 112 thereon. A link 113 is pivoted to the fan 111 and has a slot 114 therein. A lever 115 is mounted on the shaft 116 pivoted in the framework of the machine and is held in its normal position by a spring 117 extending between the lever 115 and the stud 118 mounted in the --framework. A

, pin 119 is mounted the lever 115 and engages the slot 114 and is connected by a.

spring 120 to a pin 121 in the link 113. R0- tation ofthe lever 115 in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 2) will therefore result in moving the link 113 downward until said link is stopped by some force and then the spring 120 will permit further motion of the lever 115. Rotatably mounted on the shaft 65 is a special gooseneck 122, which is connected by a spring 123 (Fig. 3) to the spe cial fan 111, said spring extending between a stud 124 in the fan 111 and a stud 125 in the special gooseneck 122. The special gooseneck 122 is adapted to contact with a roller 126 mounted in an arm 127 rigid with the sector shaft 7 3.

From the above it is obvious that motion of the lever 115 on. its shaft Will result in a counter-clockwise rotation of the fan 111 (Fig. 3), displacing of the rockshaft 69 to a position determined by the contact of the roller with the cam surface 112 and also 'connected to the fan 111 by means of the spring 123. Rotation of this gooseneck 122 will result in a rotation of the sector shaft 7 3.

- I shall now describe the means for determining the extent of this rotation. The motion of the rockshaft 69, due to the action of the cam 112, will of course result in throwing the sector. 52 into its dotted position and it will be remembered that when the sector is in this position rotation of said sector will result in rotation of the master wheel .34. However, the master wheel at the time the arm 115 is operated is in contact with one of the totalizer carrying gears and the carrying gear 'of next higher order is locked.- Therefore the master wheel can rotate only the amount that the then engaged totaliz er carrying gear is displaced from zero. Obviously the tension of the spring 123 will rotate the master wheel until it is stopped, and the sector shaft 73 will accordingly be located in a position which is determined by the digit present on the totalizer carrying gear at that time engaged by the master wheel.

I shall now describe the mechanism by which a feeler is located in a position as determined by the amount of rotation of the sector shaft 73.

The sector shaft 73 isextended to the right of the machine and on it is located a set of arms 128 to 137 inclusive. ten of these arms which are rigidly mounted on the sector shaft. An eleventh arm 200 is loosely mounted on said shaft and is connected to a crank 139 mounted on the rockshaft 69 by a link 140. Adapted to contact with any of said arms is a feeler 141 which is slidably mounted on the end'of a lever 142 and held in anormal position determined by the contact of a slot 143 with a stud screw 144 in the lever 142 by a spring 145. The lever 142 is fast on a shaft 146 turning in a bearing 147 in the framework of the machine, and the rear end of said shaft has rigidly mounted on it a lever 148 terminating in a fork 149 having therein engaging studs 150 adapted to engage a collar 151 on an operating'shaft 152. The lower portions f the arms 128 to 137 inclusive are in th form of a circular arc about the shaft 146 to thereby properly mesh with the feeler 141.

As thus .far described, the following is the operation of the mechanism:

First the rod 104 is pulled downwardly, thereby bringing the rod 51 to its proper position, and, by engagement of the lug 153 with the pin 87, elevating the locking tooth direction (Fig. 2) and this results in the 10- There are I cation of the spiral cam consisting of the arms 128 to 137 inclusive to a position determined by a digit present on.the totalizer carrying gear engaged by the master wheel. I

The automatic total printing mechanism is operated by a shaft 154, which is rotatably mounted in the framework of the machine and is turned by a hand crank 155. Said shaft and its associated devices are best shown in Figs. 914, from which it will be seen that the shaft 154 has a cam 156 rigidly mounted on the right end thereof and to the left of said cam is a collar 157 rigid to said shaft and forming a thrust bearing for said shaft against the framework 31. Rigid'ly fastened to the shaft 154 to the left of the bearing in the framework 31 is a cam 158. The cam 158 is located on the shaft 154 somewhat to the left of the left-hand side of the bearing in the framework 31, and in the space thus made extends a flattened portion 159 on the pull rod 104 previously referred to. The flattened portion 159 has in it a slot 160 which straddles the shaft 154 and has in it a roller 161 which is acted on by the cam 158. The shaft 154 is thus constrained against lateral movement in the framework 31.

The shaft 154 has in it a key slot 162, which engages a feather 163 in a sleeve 164, said sleeve having a bearing in the framework 31' at 165. The crank 155 is rigidly attached to the sleeve 164. Therefore rotation of ,the crank 155'will rotate the sleeve 164, and, by means of the feather and slot connection, the shaft 154 and the

cams

158 and 156 mounted thereon.

Rigid with the crank 155 is a circular disk 166, which is urged to the left (Fig. 14) by a compression spring 167 between said disk and the framework 31 of the machine. A

bracket 168 limits the lateral motion of the disk 166 and the sleeve 164 and its attached crank 155,. Rigid to the sleeve 164 are

cams

169 and 170. whose functions will be hereinafter described. It is to be noted that the cam 169 also limits the lateral motion of the sleeve 164 to the left.

Extending through the bottom of the machine and having its bearings in the framework is the operating shaft 152 previously referred to. This shaft is both .rot tably and slidably mounted in the framework and has its right-hand bearing at 171 and another bearing in a bracket 172 rigid in the framework 31. As before noted, the shaft may be moved laterally, and power for this purpose is furnished by a compression spring 173 surrounding the operating shaft l52'between the framework 31 and a collar 174 rigid to said shaft. The spring 173 thus always gives the operating shaft 152 a tendency to move to the right. As a means for preventing such motion until the proper Figs. 7, 8. 18 and 19.) The lug 184 is '141 with one of the spiral arms 128 to 137 inclusive on the sector shaft 73.

Means for preserving the located position 0; the shaft 152.

To preserve the located position of the shaft 152 I have provided the cam 158 with a disk 176 having a fin 177 on the periphery thereof, said fin being adapted to engage any one of a number of grooves 17 8 in the operating shaft 152. After the motion of the operating shaft 152 to the right has been stopped by contact with the feeler 141 with one of the spiral arms of the sector shaft 73, continued motion of the crank 155 causes the feather 177 to enter one of the grooves 178, thereby locking the operating shaft in its located position. The groove 178 and the fin 17 7 are so located that when the operating shaft 152 is locked thereby, the feeler 141 is withdrawn slightly from its contact with one of the spiral arms of the sector shaft 73. This is for the purpose of removing any friction or interference with the further motion of said shaft.

11! eans for selecting and operating the digit keys 30.

The operating shaft 152 carries an operating bar 179 which is supported at one end by arms 180 rigid to the operating shaft 152, and one of which may be rigid on the collar 174. Rigidly located on the operating, bar 179 are a set of operating lugs 182 which are adapted to cotiperate with extensions 183 one on each of the digit keys 30. The lugs 182 are so spaced that when the operating shaft 152 is in its third position a lug 182 will be in a position to operat the 1 digit key, but no other lug 182 will be in a position to operate its associated key. hen the pperating shaft 152 is in its fourth position, a lug 182 will be in a position to operate the 2 digit key 30, etc.

To the left of the rigid lugs 182 are two' movable operating lugs 184 and 185. (See used to operate the comma or pointing off key, as will hereinafter be explained, and is pivoted on the bar 179 by a stud screw 186. Similarly the lug 185 is pivoted on the operating bar 179 by a stud screw 187. The two

lugs

184 and 185 are connected by a link 188 so that any rotary motion of the lug 185 will be communicated to the lug 184, and vice versa. V

I will hereinafter describe the functions a certain selected one of the lugs 183 on the digit keys 30. Inspection of Fig.8 will.

' disclose that if the operating shaft 152 be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 8) that the selected digit key 30 will be depressed. The cam 169 is adapted to act on a pin 189 which is mounted on a crank arm 190 rigid to a hub or collar 191 constrained between the. sides of the bracket.

172 and mounted on the operating shaft 152. The hub 191 has a feather 192 therein which engages a key slot 193 in the left end of the operating shaft 152. (Figs. 1, 13 and 14.)

The cam 156 on the shaft 154 serves to operate the lever 115 previously referred to. This is accomplished by means of said lever being provided with a depending arm 194 having a pin 195 mounted therein, said pin being adapted to contact with the cam 156.

The cycle of operations ensuing during a singleturn of the crank 155 may be best followed out by an inspection of Figs. 9,10, 11, 12 and 13, in which are shown the various operating cams mounted on the crank shaft 154, all of said cams being shown in their normal position and the operation of the various parts can be followed out by supposing all of the cams to be rotated in the clockwise direction as indicated by the arrows. v

The operations of the various cams occur in the following order: First the rod 104 is lowered by the cam 158. This results in shifting the rod 51 to a position determined 1 by the location of the pin 106 and also in elevating the locking tooth 76. Next the cam 156 lowers the lever 115. This results in locating the sector shaft 73 in a position determined by the digit in the particular decimal place of the totalizer then engaged by the master wheel 34 and in withdrawing arm 200 from the path of feeler 141. Next the cam 170 releases the collar 175, thereby allowing the operating shaft 152 to move to the right under the influence of the spring 173 until stopped by contact of the feeler 141 with one of the spirally arranged arms on the sector shaft 73. The fin 177 then locks the operating shaft 152 in its located position and the rod 104 and the lever 115 are returned to their normal positions. At this point the adding machine parts, including the sector shaft and the shaft 51 have been returned to the positions they occupied before the crank 155 was started and the operating shaft 152 and its attached bar 179 have been located in a position to actuate a selected one of the digit keys 30. Next the cam 169 rocks the operating shaft 152, thereby depressing the selected digit key 30. It will be observed that during this period the sector shaft will again be moved and that it can be movedwithout interference, since the feeler 141 will be in the space between adjacent arms 128 to 137 inclusive.

The operation of the cam 169 and consequent depression of a digit key 30 of course results in the printing of a digit on the worksheet and .in moving the master wheel in the manner determined by the previous setting of the handle 100. Next the fin 17 7 unidcks the operating shaft 152 and the cam 170 returns said shaft to its normal position. The parts are now all in their normal positions. The master wheel 34 has engaged the totalizer carrying gear of next lower decimal order and the next turn of the crank 155 will repeat these operations in the cycle just described. Of course, the rotations of the crank are continued until all of the digits have been printed out of the totalizer.

The comma and zero printing mechanisms.

It is desirable that zeros occurring before the first significant digit of a number be not printed, that is, that taking the totalizer ofthe capacity shown in Fig. 1, a total be printed 5 23 instead of 00' 005 23. It is for this purpose that I have pivoted the lug 185, which is adapted to operate the zero key 30 on the bar 179 instead of placing such lug rigidly thereon, as are the lugs to operate the

digit keys

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. The lug 185 is normally in a tilted position, as shown in Fig. 1, and when in such position will not actuate its cotiperating lug 183, even though the operating bar 179 be located in the proper position to operate said zero key. However, I have provided a pin 196 upon the framework and said pin is adapted to contact with a tail upon the lug 185, said contact being made only when the .operating bar 179 has been moved to the right to.a position to operate on the 1 digit key or beyond said position. That is to. say, the lug 185 will remain in its tilted.

position until the first significant digit of the total has been printed. Movement of the bar 179 to the right, resulting from its loprint zero. Obviously the lug 185 will not be placed in the position shown in Fig. 19

unless the bar 17 9 has previously moved far enough to the right to enable the pin 196 to move the lug 185 from its tilted position shown in Fig. 1 to its right angled position ,shown in Fig. 19.

0 As a means of holding the lug 185 in either of its two positions I have provided a small snapper 198, urged by a spring 199 locked against rotation also.

into engagement with suitable teeth on the lug 185.

I shall now describe the means by which a comma or pointing off space is printed. As is well known,'the Wahl totalizer is provided with a decimal lock. That is, in the decimal or pointing 'ofi' spaces it is not possible to operate any of the digitkeys of the typewriter. This operation is prevented by the expedient of providing a lock for the master dog 50 when the totalizer is in a decimal or pointing off space, to the end that if the dog 50 is locked against rotation, any of thedigit keys will be locked also.

From what has gone before, it will be apparent that if the master dog 50 is locked against rotation, the rockshaft 69 will be Therefore, when the lever 115 is operated by rotation of the .crank shaft, the spring 120 will give, but the link 113 will remain immovable,

since, as before noted, the rockshaft 69 will be locked. I have taken advantage of this peculiarity of the Wahl machine to operate my comma printing mechanism. To this end I'have provided the special arm 200, rotatably mounted on the sector shaft and connected with the rockshaft 69 by the link 1 10 previously described. Whenever the rockshaft can move, that is, whenever the totalizer is not in a pointing ofi space, the special arm 200 will beremoved fromvthe path of the feeler 1 11. However, if the rockshaft be not moved, the feeler 1421 will contact with the special arm 200'and this will result in locating the operating bar 179 in the position shown in Fig. 18.

I have numbered the comma printing key as 201, and it will be observed that similar to the operation of the zero key, that no comma will be printed unless a significant digit has first been printed, since it is only in this event that the lug 185 and its thereto connected lug 184 will bemoved from their tilted positions as shown in Fig. 1 into their night angle positions as shown in Figs. 18 and 19. A"

It is for the. purpose of ,I'GStOI'lIlg the comma lug 184 and the zero lug 185 to their normal positions that I have provided the lateral motion of the sleeve 164. Thei parts are normally'in the position shown in Fig. 1. Before operating the machine, the crank 155 is pushed to the right. This will re-. sult in clearing the .tail 185 from a lug 202 on the framework 31. After the crank 155 that position by means hereinafter to be described until the entire number has been printed out of the totalizer. Consequently, during the printing of said number the tail of lug 185 will be free from'the interference of the lug 202. After the number has been {entirely printed, the crank 155 is released and under the influence of the compression spring 167, which is of course much stronger then moves to the position shown in Fig. 1 and thus the lug 202 resets the zero lug 185 and the comma lug 184 to their tilted positions.

From the above it is apparent that the operating bar 179 and also the operating shaft 152 rigid therewith have eleven possible positions, the first of which is the position shown in Fig. 1. The second position is the position of, the operating bar when the crank 155 is pushed to the right (Fig. 1) prior to turning said crank. When in this position, the feeler 141 is in contact with the special arm 200, these parts being slightly sepa-.

of the fin 177 with one of the grooves 178 of the operating bar 152. This position of the operating bar 179 corresponds to the position shown in Fig. 18, that is, the operating bar 179 is in a position to operate the comma printing key 201. The third position of the operating bar 179 is the position shown in Fig. 19, this being the position to operate the zero digit key 30, and said position isdetermined by contact of the feeler 1&1 with the arm 128, said arm being rigidly attached to the sector shaft 73. The succeeding positions of the operating bar 179 are determined by the succeeding arms 129 to 137 inclusive.

As before noted, in printing out a total, the totalizer is first located in the next to the highest decimal place of the totalizer and when the crank 155 is turned, none of the numeral keys 30 are operated until the master wheel 34 is in engagement with the decimal place of the totalizer in which is the first significant digit of the total. It therefore becomes necessary to provide a connection between the operating shaft 154 and the space bar of the typewriter in order to space the carriage of the machine in the decimal orders in which nothing is printed. To this end I have provided an auxiliary lever 203, which is pivoted on the framework of the machine at 204 and extends over the universal bar 205, which serves to operate the typewriter escapement. 1' The lever 203 is connected by a link 206 to an arm 207, which has a feather 208 therein which is in slidable engagement with a key slot 209 in the right end of the operating shaft 152, said lever being held in its position against lateral movement by a bracket 210 fastened has been pushed to the right, it is held in end of which is attached a second crank arm do no harm, since it occurs at the same time as the actuation by means of any of the diglt keys 30. y

Means for con-trolling the position of the crank 155 by the position of the totalizer It is desirable that once the crank 155 has been 'puihedto the right against the spring 167 in order to operate the machine that it be held in this position until the total has been completely extracted from the totalizer. To this end I have provided the totalizer with a cam 211, which acts on a crank arm 212 mounted on a shaft 213 rotatable in the framework of the machine, and to the rear 214. A link 215 is attached to the arm 214 and also to a crank arm 216 on a shaft 217 rotatable in the framework, rigid to which is a crank arm 218 having pivoted thereon a link 219, which is attached to a crank arm 220 rotatably mounted on a shaft 221 located in the framework. Rigid tothe arm 220 is an arm 222, to which is attached a link 223 serving to operate a rocker 224 pivoted on the framework at 225. A latch 226 is normally heldabove the circular disk 166 against the force of gravity by an arm 227 pivoted on the framework at 228, said latch 226 being also pivoted to the framework at this same point. .A link 229 serves to connect the arm 227 with the rocker 224. A

spring 230 tends to rotate the rocker 224 in a clockwise direction. When the totalizer is not in the operating zone, the cam 211 will be out of contact with the arm 212 and therefore the latch 226 will be lifted by said spring 230 and will not come in contact with the circular disk 166. However, wheiithe highest decimal place of the totalizer is ir contact with the master wheel 34 the arm 212 will be depressed, which will result in a lowering of the arm 227. If then the crank 155 be moved toward the right, the

Method of printing a negative total.

It sometimes happens that the algebraic sum of the numbers inserted into the machine is not positive, but negative. This will be evidenced by a 9 appearing in the highest decimal order of the totalizer instead of a zero. In orderto print out this negative total it necessary to first subtract a unit from the lowest decimal order of the totalizer. will change the zero position of the totalizer from a positive zero. to a negative zero, in accordance with the well-known theory of algebraic totalizers. In order to determine the negative total then present on the totalizer it is necessary to revolve the various totalizer carrying gears, not backward to their zero position as was done in the case of determining a positive total, but forward to their 9 position. It is for this purpose that I have provided the extra cam 103 and have made the pin 106 shiftable. In printing out the negative total, the operation of the machine will be just as has been described in the printing of a positive total, except that the rod 51 will be moved to its adding position whenever the rod 104 is operated and the totalizer carrying wheels will be revolved in a positive direction to their 9 position. when the lever 115 is opera Otherwise the action is the same as in the printing of a positive total. It is obvious that in case the negative total is to be withdrawn from the totalizer by the automatic printing operation that the handle 100 will be set to its adding position; that is, theexterior lug 90 will be locked in the slot 91. After the negative total has been cleared, the totalizer will of course show a row of 9s, and may be restored to its positive zero position by the addition of a unit in the carrying wheel of lowest order.

In the event that a negative sub-total is to be printed, and further numbers are inserted into the machine, it will be necessary to add a 1 into the carrying wheel of lowest order before extracting a positive total. The reason for this addition will be well understood from a consideration of the theory of algebraic totalizers. It must be remembered that the negative zero position of the totalizer is the position showing a row of 9s on the reading line. The positive zero position is the position showing a row of 0s on the reading line. The addition of a single unit into the totalizer when it exhibits a row of 9s (negative zero position) will cause it to exhibit a row of 0s (positive zero position).

It is desirable to restore the locking tooth The insertion of this unit.

76 positively instead of having said tooth restored by a spring. To this end I have placed a lug 231 on the slidable piece 101,

. and said lug will contact with the pin 87 (Fig. 6) and restore said pin to its normal.

position upon the restoration of the rod 104 to its normal position. I

In the particular construction shown it is not possible to operate with a totalizer on the truck- 32 beyond the slidable piece 101, since said piece would interfere with the totalizer. In the event that it should be desired to operate a plurality'of totalizers upon the truck 32, it would be necessary to place the piece 101 lower on the framework of the machine and to place a rigid piece on' the rod 51 extending downward to cooperate with the slidable piece 101 in its new position.' I believe this modification will-be obvious to those skilled in the art and therefore have not illustrated it: It simply amounts to actuating the rod 51 by a piece which does not interfere with the tota'lizer mounted on the truck 32. For a single totalizer machine this interference will not arise, since the number inserted in the ma chine is usually to the extreme right of the line of writing and therefore the totalizer never gets far enough to the left to interfere with the slidable piece 101. If, however, 'it should be desired to give a greater,

range of movement of the totalizer, it can beeasily accomplished by the method described above.

It will be noted that in the event that the 'feeler 141 encounters any of the arms 128 to 137 inclusive constituting the spiral cam or the special arm upon the return of said feeler to its normal position that the beveled edge of said feeler will permit it to slide under any such interfering arm without difficulty.

The spring 173, which serves to move the operating shaft 152 to the left is also arranged to act as a rotating spring in that it has its ends fastened to the framework and to the collar 174 in such a manner as to give mal position determined by the contact of the pin 189 on the surface of the cam 169.

It is to be further noted that the rod 104' previously referred to is restored to its normal position by means of a spring 206 extending between the framework of the machineand the rod 104.

Many changes and modifications may be made in the precise structure herein disclosed without departing from thespirit of my invention, since I claim:

1. In acalculating machine, the combina tion of a decimal set of digital members each displaceable a differential amount from a zero position to represent a digit, a movable element, and automatic mechanism for engaging'said digital members seriatz'm and locating said movable element in a sequence of positions determined by the displacements by the displacement of the engaged carrynism adapted to engage said totalizer wheels se'm'atz'm and locating said cam in a series 3. In a calculating machine, the combination of a decimal set of digital members each displaceable from a zero position to represent-a digit, a cam, an automatic mechanism for engaging said digital members sem'atz'm and locating said cam in a sequence of positions determined by the displacements of saiddigital members.

4. In a calculating machine, the combination of-a set'of carrying wheels each displaceable from a zero positionto represent a digit, a movable element, and automatic mechanism for engaging said carrying wheels seriatim and locating said movable element in a sequence of positions determined by the displacements of said carrying wheels.

5, In a calculating machine, the com-bination of a set of carrying wheels each dis-. placeable from a zero position to represent a digit, a'cam, and automatic mechanism for engaging said carrying wheels sem'atim and locating said cam in a sequence of positions determined by the displacements of said carrying wheels. 7

6. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of carrying Wheels each displaceable from'zero to represent a digit, a cam, a set of digit printing type bars, a selective operating element adapted to have its location determined by said cam to thus 95 select av particular type bar of said set for subsequent operation; and automatic mechanism engaging with said carrying wheels sem'cttz'm, for locating said cam as determined ing-wheel, selecting a type bar by means of the selective operating mechanism, and actuating said selected type bar whereby the digit represented by the displacement of said engaged wheel is automatically printed.

7 In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer including a set of wheels displaceable from their zero position to represent digits, a cam, automatic mecha-- 0 of positions corresponding to the digits in the various decimal places of the totalizer.

8. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer including a set of wheels, a stop adapted to cooperate with said wheels sewfatz'm, a cam, automatic mechanism adapted to rotate said totalizer wheels se'r'iatz'm an amount determined by said stop and locate said cam in a series of positions corresponding to the digits in the various decimal places of theYtOtaliZerQ 9. In a calculating machine, the combi nation of a set of carrying wheels, a master wheel engaging said-carrying wheel sem'atz'm, mechanism to rotate said master wheel and engaged carrying wheel, and

means engaging said carrying wheels seriatz'm for preventing the rotation of said engaged carrying wheel beyond a predetermined point.

10. In a calculating machine, the combi- Wheel adapted to engage any carrying wheel, a stop adapted to engage any of said carrying wheels, and automatic means for engaging said stop withany one of said carrying wheels and rotating said master wheel and the carrying wheel engaged therewith to a position determined by said stop.

12. In a calculating machine, the combi-v nation of a set of carrying wheels, a set of carriable pinions connecting said carrying wheels a master Wheel engaging said carrying wheels serz'atim, means to rotate said master wheel and engaged carrying wheel, and a stop normally out of engagement with said carrying wheels and adapted when engaged to lock the carrying wheel to the left of the master wheel.

13. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of carrying wheels, a set of carriable pinions connecting said carrying wheels, a master wheel engaging said carrying wheels seriat'im, a stop adapted to engage the carrying wheels .erz'atim, said stop being one step to the left of the master wheel, and means to rotate said master wheel and engagedcarrying wheel to the carrying point. I

14. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of carrying wheels. a master wheel engaging said carrying wheels m riatint,

mechanism to rotate said master wheel and; engaged carrying wheel, and a stop e-iig:l; ing said carrying wheels seriati-m prcventi 1- the rotation of said engaged carrying whee-t beyond the carrying point.

15. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of carrying wheels, :1 master wheel engaging said carrying wheels sefiatim, mechanism to rotate said master wheel and engaged carrying wheel, and means engaging said carrying wheels seriatim and preventing the rotation of said engaged carrying wheel beyond the carrying point.

16. In a calculating machine, the combination of a lower carrying wheel, a higher carrying wheel, a carriable pinion connect- 7 ing said carrying wheels, a master wheel engaging said lower carrying wheel, a stop engaging said higher carrying wheel, and means to rotate said master wheel and said lower'carrying wheel up to the carrying point.

17 In a galculating machine, the combination of a set of type bars, operating means locatable to actuate any type bar of said set, a carrying wheel, rotating means for said wheel, mechanism locking said wheel from rotation beyond the carrying point, and mechanism automatically operating said rotating means and locating said operating means in a position determined by the amount of rotation'of said carrying wheel.

18. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of carrying wheels, a master wheel adapted to engage said wheels seriatz'm, locking means for said carrying wheels adapted to-lock said 'wheels seriatz'm, said locking means being normally out of engagement with said carrying wheels, a set of type bars, operating means locatable in various positions to actuate any of said type bars, means to rotate said master wheel, and means locating said operating means in a position determined by the rotationof the master wheel.

19. The combination of a typewriting machine, an adding and subtracting attachment therefor, said attachment including a set of carrying gears and a master wheel adapted to engage said gears se'rz'ati'm, a cam whose position is controlled by the master wheel, automatic mechanism to rotate said master wheel, thereby locating said cam, and mechanism for automatically operating a type bar according to the location of said cam.

20. In acalculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, including a set of carrying wheels, a master Wheel adapted to engage said carrying wheels serz'atz'm, a stop adapted to engage any. of said carrying wheels, said master wheel and stop engaging consecutive carrying wheels, a decimal- -arru1 ge. an escapement for said carriage, .a'nd automatic means for engaging said stop with one of said carrying wheels, rotating said master wheel and its engaged carrying ivheel to a position determined by said stop, returniiw said carrying wheel to its original position and actuating said escapement w hereb said master wheel and stop will act on the ext consecutive. carrying wheels.

21. In a calculating machine, the combina: tion of a traveling carriage, a totalizer including a set of carrying wheels, a master wheel adapted to engage said carrying wheels scriatim, a stop adapted to engage any of said carrying wheels, said master wheel and stop engaging consecutive carry-- ing wheels, a decimal carriage, an escapement for said carriage, a set of type bars, and automatic means for engaging said stop with on of said carrying wheels, ro-

tating said master wheel and its engaged carrying Wheel to a position determined by total digit by digit at said common center and means determining whether or not said total is preserved in said totalizer as an incident of the operation of said total printing -mechanism.

23. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of carrying wheels, amaster wheel adapted to engage anycarrying wheel, a stop adapted to engage any of said carrying wheels, automatic means to engage said stop with any one of said carrying wheels, to rotate said master wheel and the carrying wheel engaged therewith to a position determined by said stop, and then return said carrying wheel to its original position.

24. In a calculating machine, the combination of numeral type bars, a totalizer, a master wheel coiifieratin therewith, a set of numeral keys operative on the type bars and master wheel, calculation determining means controlling the action oi? the numeral keys on the master wheel, automatic total printing mechanism, and a manual control for the calculation determining means, said manual control having two positions thereby determining whether a number printed by the automatic total printing mechanism shall be withdrawn from the totalizer or not.

25. In a calculating machine, the combi-.

print said total digit by digit, and means which can be set to cause said total either to be subtracted from said totalizer or added thereto as an incident of the operation of said total printing mechanism.

27. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer containing members displaceable from azero position to represent a total, said members being arranged in groups, a set ofnumeral-bearing type-bars which print at a common center, a special type-bar having a characteristic mark for a pointing-off space, and automatic means for successively actuating the type bars to print as many numbers as there are wheels in a, totalizer group and then print the characteristic mark. v I

28. In a calculating machine, the combination with a totalizer and means for actuating said totalizer to register positive and negative numbers, of automatic means for printing the digits of the true total seriatz'm at a common printing center, the positive total when the totalizer registers a positive number and the negative total when the totalizer registers a negative number.

'29. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer including a set of carrylng wheels arranged in groups, said wheels being displaceable fromtheir zero position to represent digits, means whose .operation is determined by the position of said carrying Wheels to print said digits serz'atim at a common printing center in groups corre sponding to the arrangement of said wheels, other means to print a characteristic mark between said groups and means to render said second means inoperative until a digit has been printed by said first means.

3O. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer adapted to exhibit a total whether the same be positive or negative, means for printing the total from said totalizer digit by digit at a common printing center, and means shiftable to 100 either of two positions to determine whether the total printed from said totalizer shall be the number exhibited by said totalizer or the arithmetical complementthereo'f;

31. In a calculating machine, the combi- 105 nation of a totalizer adapted to exhibit a number, means for inserting a series of numbers therein either positively or negatively whereby algebraic totals may be obtained, means for printing said total digit 110 by digit at a common rinting center, and means determining w ether the total so printed shall be the total exhibited by the totalizer or the arithmetical complement thereof.

32. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer including reversible carrying mechanism, means for inserting a series of numbers therein either positively or negatively whereby algebraic totals may 120 be obtained, means for printing said total digit by digit at a common printing center, and means determining whether the total so printed shall be the total exhibited by the totalizer or the arithmetical complement 125 thereof.

33. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, actuating mechanism therefor, mechanism to print the total in said totalizer digit by digit at a common 130 printing center, the action of said printing mechanism being determined by the number present in the totalizer, and means for preventing the operation of said total printing mechanism unless said totalizer has first been brought to its proper position in relation to said actuating mechanism.

34. In a calculating machine, the combi' nation-of a totalizer,.means adapted to enter a number in said totalizer, a gear shift for said number-entering means whereby the direction in which said number is entered is determined by the position of said gear number in addition or substraction, an autormatlc total printing mechanism cooperating with said totalizer and adapted to print said total digit by digit, means connected to said printing mechanism to actuate said gear shift prior to the operation of said printing mechanism, and a shir'table connection on said gear shift whereby it may be determined that said shift shall be thrown into its addition position or into its substraction position by theoperation of said printing mechanism. a

36. In a calculating machine, the combination of a shaft, automatic total printing mechanism operated by said shaft and adapted to print a total digit by digit,"a traveling carriage supporting a traveling member, and means controlled by the position of said traveling member to determine the position of said shaft. In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG.