US1395827A - Separating metals by electrolysis - Google Patents

Separating metals by electrolysis Download PDF

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Publication number
US1395827A
US1395827A US358968A US35896820A US1395827A US 1395827 A US1395827 A US 1395827A US 358968 A US358968 A US 358968A US 35896820 A US35896820 A US 35896820A US 1395827 A US1395827 A US 1395827A
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cathode
nickel
anode
solution
compartment
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US358968A
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English (en)
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Hybinette Noak Victor
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Priority to US358968A priority Critical patent/US1395827A/en
Priority to DEH86742D priority patent/DE382226C/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
    • C25C1/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions or iron group metals, refractory metals or manganese
    • C25C1/08—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions or iron group metals, refractory metals or manganese of nickel or cobalt

Definitions

  • the metals dissolved at the anode make the-nickel sulfate solution passing from the cathode compartment into the anode compartment impure, and it is regens erated'by cementation of copper on nickel,
  • the solution should become slightly 'basic, the nickel deposit will be immediately injuriously aifected,--in the first instance becoming hard and brittle,
  • the anode efliciency of the current, in neutral solution is considerably less than the cathode efficlenc in those instances where use is made 0 a less easily soluble anode, such as hereinafterdescribed to increase the anode efliciency, under such conditions, it is desirable to have a greater acidity in the anode compartment than that permissible for good plating on the cathode.
  • the present invention is intended to correct the defects hereinbefore noted.
  • a neutral solution with or without the addition of the dopes or weak acids. sometimes employed
  • the solu- in the preferred practice of the invention the solu-.
  • Copper may be removed from the anode solution without disturbing the acidity. If, however, the anodes contain iron in such amount that it is necessary to precipitate iron out of the solution by nickel oxid (hydrated or carbonated, as the case may be) so that the solution becomes neutralized, it will then be necessary to acidify the solution after separating out the iron precipitate. So also, such .acidifi'gcation will be necessary in case the removal of the copper is effected by agents which neutralize the acidity.
  • the amount of electrolyte in circulation is so small as compared with the older practice that it has been found important to provide for a more perfect circulation in the soluble' I anode cell, and I have, therefore, found it desirable to draw off the solution, in part at least, at the bottom of the cell. In so doing, I find that the foul or impure electrolyte per-nickel matte may be roasted and leached to remove the greater portion'of its copper,
  • the iron content of the nickelcopper alloy can thus be reduced to a small fraction of 1%,whilethe'alloy can likewise .be freed from the greater portion of its sul- So also the fur and from occluded gases. alloy can be heated aboveits melting point tosuch a temperature that it is thinly fluid.
  • the alloy is therefore of a different and improved composition as compared with an alloy produce in a blast furnace; and the anodes cast from such alloy are likewise distinguished from anodes cast from alloys produced in a blast'furnace, in that they are dense and hard and relatively more insoluble, and relatively free from the impurities which are present in anodes made from blast furnace alloys.
  • the use of the improved anodes, in the process of the present invention resultsin an improved operation ofthe process. Accordingly, while the process is capable of operation with anodes made from blast furnace alloys it is more advantageousv when practised with the improved anodes 7 made of'electric furnace alloy, and I wish,
  • A indicates the anode compartment of the main cell coni ingpreferably two grams of free sulfuric.
  • acld to the liter may be conveniently contained in'a storage receptacle 0 at a temperature of about 55 C. and dischargesconsame cementation tank D wherein the coptinuously, during the operation of the process, through the valve-controlled inlet pipe f.
  • One of the outlets for the foul or impure solution from the anode compartment A is by means of the overflow pipe g, and the other out-let therefrom is the si hon or like discharge [2. leading from near t e bottom of said anode compartment.
  • These two outlets may conveniently discharge into the per is deposited out on nickeL
  • the solution passes to the tank E wherein any iron present is precipitated by nickel oxid, or the like, thereby neutralizing the solution.
  • the neutralized solution then passes into the acidifying electrolytic tank, whose cathode compartment Gr is of the same construction as the like cathode compartment B of the main cell.
  • the acidifying electrolytic tank is provided with insoluble anodes z, and a suitable cathode j for the precipitationof nickel is provided in the cathode compartment.
  • The. pure nickel acidified solution for the cathode cell G is supplied continuously from the stora e reservoir C through the valved pipe m.
  • suitable pump H located in a return conduit n from the acidifying electrolytic tank F conveys the circulating solution back to the storage receptacle C.
  • the invention may be applied not only to operations wherein the anode is a soluble alloy, but also to other combinations; as, for instance, in the production of nickel by continuously dissolving nickel carbonate in the electrolyte and employing in connection. therewith, an insoluble anode, and returning L an only partly neutralized electrolyte to the; cathode compartment.
  • the process of separating nickel from other metals by electrolysis of an anode containing an alloy of nickel, and plating nickel at the cathode which comprises separating the cathode from the anode by a filtering diaphragm and efiecting a How from the cathode to the anode of an electrolyte which, at its entrance into the cathode compartment, contains more free sulfuric acid than is appropriate for producing a deposit of nickel of commercial quality upon the cathode, regenerating the anode solution and acidifying the regenerated solution by causing it to flow through an electrolytic tank with insoluble anodes, in which tank the desired amount of acid to' regenerate it is set free, and a corresponding amount of nickel is plated; substantially as described.
  • cathode to the anode of an electrolyte which, at its entrance into the cathode compartment, contains more free sulfuric acid than is appropriate for producing a deposit of nickel of commercial quality upon the cathode, re generating the anode solution and acidifying the regenerated solution by causing it to flow through the anode compartment only of an electrolytic tank having insoluble anodes and equipped with filtering diaphragms around its cathodes and maintaining a flow of plating electrolyte from the cathode compartment into the anode compartment of said acidifying electrolytic tank; substantially as'described.
  • the rocess of plating nickel upon a cathode w ich is separated from the anode by a filtering diaphragm, which comprises supplying to the cathode compartment at a temperature of about 55 C. a nickel sulfate electrolyte containing about 50 grams of nickel per liter and having an acidity of about 2 grams of free sulfuric acid per liter, and effecting a flow of the electrolyte from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment through the filtering diaphragm, the current density, the rate of flow, and the diaphragm being such that the acidity of the electrolyte near the cathode will be reduced to about 0.2 grams of free sulfuric acid per liter substantially as described.
  • w lch comprises efl'ecting aflow from the anode to 190 the cathode of a nickel sulfate electrolyte which enters the cathode compartment wlth an excess of free sulfuric acid beyond the amountto be tolerated at the depositing surfaces of the cathode, and drawing off a part at least of the impure electrolyte from the bottom of the anode compartment; substantially as described.
  • the process of plating nickel upon a cathode which is separated from a copper nickel anode by a filtering diaphragm, WhlCh comprises eifecting a flow from the anode to the cathode of a nickel sulfate electrolyte I which enters the cathode compartment with stantially as described an excess of free sulfuric acid beyond the amount to be tolerated at the depositing surfaces of the cathode, and drawing off a part of the impure anode electrolyte from the top of the anode compartment and a part from the bottom of the anode compartment; sub- 12.
  • the process of plating nickel upon a cathode which is separated from a, nickel nace substantially as described.
  • Electrolytic apparatus comprising an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, provided respectively with anode and "cathode, and separated from each other by a filtering diaphragm, and means for supplying a fiow of the electrolyte to the oath ode compartment and from the anode compartment,
  • said filtering diaphragm being of such permeability that it'acts partly as a filter andpartly :as a diaphragm to deplete the solution-in the cathode compartment in acid ions substantially as described.
  • Electrolytic apparatus comprising an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, provided respectively with a'copper nickel anode and a cathode forthe deposit of nickel thereon, and separated from each other by a filtering diaphragm, means for supplying to the cathode compartment a flow of nickel sulfate electrolyte and for removing from the anode compartment the copper-nickel electrolyte, said filtering diaphragm being of such permeability that it acts partly as a filter and partly as a diaphragm to deplete the solution in the cathode compartment in acid ions; substantially as described.
  • Electrolyticiapparatus comprising an anodecompartment and a cathode compartment, provided respectively with a coppernickel anode and a cathode for the deposit of nickel thereon, and separated from each other by a filtering diaphragm, means for supplying a flow of nickel sulfate electrolyte containing an excess of acid to the oathode compartment, means for drawing 0E a part at least of the impure nickel-copper electrolyte from the anode compartment, said filtering diaphragm being of such permeability that it acts partly as a filter and partly as a diaphragm to deplete the solu tion in the cathode compartment in acid ions; substantially as described.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
US358968A 1920-02-16 1920-02-16 Separating metals by electrolysis Expired - Lifetime US1395827A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US358968A US1395827A (en) 1920-02-16 1920-02-16 Separating metals by electrolysis
DEH86742D DE382226C (de) 1920-02-16 1921-08-27 Verfahren zum Niederschlagen von Metallen auf einer Kathode

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US358968A US1395827A (en) 1920-02-16 1920-02-16 Separating metals by electrolysis

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2478189A (en) * 1944-03-08 1949-08-09 Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd Production of malleable and annealable nickel
US2487399A (en) * 1943-09-29 1949-11-08 Oneida Ltd Electroplating apparatus
US2577739A (en) * 1949-01-27 1951-12-11 Ruth E Churchward Purification of cobalt sulfate solution
US2595387A (en) * 1942-12-05 1952-05-06 Bolidens Gruv Ab Method of electrolytically recovering nickel
US3028223A (en) * 1957-10-12 1962-04-03 Horii Taro Manufacturing process for electrolytic nickel
US3617449A (en) * 1967-05-19 1971-11-02 Nat Res Dev Electrolytic deposition

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595387A (en) * 1942-12-05 1952-05-06 Bolidens Gruv Ab Method of electrolytically recovering nickel
US2487399A (en) * 1943-09-29 1949-11-08 Oneida Ltd Electroplating apparatus
US2478189A (en) * 1944-03-08 1949-08-09 Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd Production of malleable and annealable nickel
US2577739A (en) * 1949-01-27 1951-12-11 Ruth E Churchward Purification of cobalt sulfate solution
US3028223A (en) * 1957-10-12 1962-04-03 Horii Taro Manufacturing process for electrolytic nickel
US3617449A (en) * 1967-05-19 1971-11-02 Nat Res Dev Electrolytic deposition

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Publication number Publication date
DE382226C (de) 1923-09-29

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