US1388600A - Refrigerator-car construction - Google Patents

Description

E. POSSON.

REFRIGERATOR CAR CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-19, 191?.

1,388,600. Patented Aug. 23;-1921.

2 SHEETSQSHEET I.

l'ciwardfiJaan/ E. POSSON.

REFRIGERATOR CAR cowsmucno APPLICATION FILED DEC. \9. 1911. Patented Aug. 23, 1921.:

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- 'cipal titi it a waterproof proof, and the advantage EDWARD POSSON. OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

nnrmenmron-oen consrnucrron.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD. POSSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at hicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Refrigerator-Car Construction, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in refrigerator car construction, and to a new article of manufacture for use as an insulating material in the construction of the walls and floors of the car. Some of the best insulating materials, such as hair felt, for instance, do not in themselves possess suflicient stiffness to' be selfsupporting when used in the side wall con struction of cars, and the disintegrating effect of vibration soon causes the insulating material to sag and break down. 1 The prinpurpose of the present invention is to provide an improved composite insulator having better heat-insulating qualities than felt hair and other similar materials, and in which such materials are given sufficient strength by reinforcement to enable them to sustain their own weight when mounted vertically. In my improved insulator a plurality of layers of cellular or porous insulating material having considerable flexibility, such as hair felt and the like, are united and cemented to layers of relatively stiff material, preferably having insulating qualities, so that a composite insulating structure is formed, having greater heat-insulating qualities than its principal constituent taken alone, without perforating the heat-insulating material, or otherwise providing air spaces-through which heat might escape.

The insulating material used to insulate refrigerator cars beneath the floorand the side and end walls for short distances up wardly from thefloor is liable to become injured by moisture, and its eflectiveness thereby destroyed, unless me'ansbe taken to render the insulating material moisture-.

of a waterproof material may be easily obtained by usin the present invention, in which the insulating structure after fabrication has its edges, or the entire body thereof, dipped in a bath of hot asphalt, or similarsubstance, to give coating and to impregnate Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed December 19, 1917; Serial No. 207,833.

Patented Aug. 23', 19 21.

the open edges thereof with waterproofing material, so that the sections of insulation liable-to come into contact with moisture are maintained in a dry state. A further feature of the invention is the combination of my imprnved insulator with novel means for securing the same in the car structure.

These and other objects and features of the invention will be set forth more fully in the following specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in

which several embodiments of the invention are illustrated.

In the drawings--- igure 1 is a perspective view of a por;

tion of a refrigerator car with parts thereof broken away, and showing a section taken transversely through the car;

Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a section of insulating materialused in the construction of the car illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of a section of insulating material of different size;

Fig. 4 shows an enlarged perspective view 7 of one form of my improved insulating com position, with a portion thereof cut away to illustrate the interior construction;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, showing a modified" construction of the composite insulating material;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged perspective view, showing a further embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged perspective view, showing still another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged perspective view, showing a fifth modified form of the invention;

the side wall of the car, showing my improved method of employing the insulator in car construction Fig. 10 isa view similar to Fig. 9, showing a'rnodified form of construction; and i Fig. 11 is a section taken transversely "through a tank car, showing the adaptation,

cars of that of my improved insulator to g type.

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view through i sheets of hair feltor the like are united" support the floor boards 17 of the car. The side walls 18 extend upwardly from the outer longitudinal sills 15, being united by end walls 19 and arrangedto support the car roof 20. The side walls comprise the horizontally extending belt rails 21, which are spaced apart vertically, as shown, and'are inclosed by the inside sheathing 22 and the outside sheathing 23, so that compartments are formed which are adapted to receive the heat-insulating material as will be hereinafter described. The side plates v25, along the upper edges of the car wall, support the outer edges of the roof 20, and the inner portions of the roof are carried by the longitudinal purlins 26, which are spaced apart to form compartments for receiving the heat-insulating material.

The various compartments in the fl'oor, walls,"and roof of the car, fibOYg referred to, are adapted to be substantially filled by my composite heat-insulating material, which may be constructed, as illustrated in Fig. ,4, of two or more layers 30, of loose.

flexible material, such as hair felt pressed into theformofzlayers or sheets,'and-these by a sheet-31 ofmaterial having considera l e stiffness, and"- preferably ofheat-insu latingqualities, such as wool' felt paper, which is cementedto the layers =30 by a suit able material, preferably sodium silicate.

Other stiffening layers 32, preferably of similar material, are-cemented to the outer surfaces of the outer layers of hair felt or the like, and when one layer onl of the loose flexible material-is employed t e outer surfaces thereof only are' covered with the stiffening material'cemented thereto. The

uncovered edges 33 of the sheets 30,which' are not covered by the s'tiifening material 31-- '32,'would ordinarily permit moisture to penetrate" the body of the layers of insu ating material, but this defect is overcome by di ping the edges of the insulator in suitab e waterproofing compounds, such as hot asphalt or the like, so that the edges 33 of thelayers 30 andthe edges of the sheets 32am coated "and impregnated with a layer adapted toprevent moisturefrom enter ing the insulator. The dippingof the layers into the heabirisulating material is pref erably done after fabrication of thelayers into a composite structure, and, if desired, the entlre insulating structure may be dipped in the insulating and waterproofingcofii ound to give it a complete waterprobf coating 35, as illustrated in Fig. 5.

The insulating material as described in connection with Fi 4 is made up into blocks or sections' and' 37, asillustrated in- Figs. 2' and 3, res 'ectively'," and these sections are adapted t be'inserted between the longitudinal sills, for' instance, of the car :flobr. The sections 36,'whic'h are used between the sills 15, preferably include a relatively large number of layers of the in-' sulating material cemented together in the manner described, 'and having their edges dipped to provide the coating 34, or having the ent re section dipped to form a coating 35. The layers of material used in the floor construction are preferably of the same size, so that their edges abut against the vertical surfaces of the longitudinal and transverse sills of the floor, and the insulating sections are held a ainst vertical displacement by the longitudinal and transverse cleats 38, which .are secured to the sills. In the construction of' the side walls the main belt rails 21 are preferably of considerable. width vertically, and have secured to their outer sides lon 'tudinall" extending ribs or cleats 40 of widt than the rails. In forming-the insulatin sections the outer layer 30 of the'materia 30 is preferably arranged to overlap the upper and lower edges of the inner layer .30", so that while the inner layersof material' fit'between'an'd abut against the strips 40, the outer layers overla the strips',-ahd these outer layers'30 of a jacent insulating sections abut against each other, so that the insulating material extends continuously through the side walls from the reef to the floor of the car. It will be understood-that the vertical and'transvers'e frame members are constructed similarly to' the belt rails and are overlapped-by the" outer layers'of' insulating material, so that ea'bh sectibnal insulator has the form illustrated in Figs. 2-and 3; Cleats 41 are then secured over the overlappingedge's of the layers of the insulating-material, and the outside sheathing 23 is secured to these cleat's. The 'side plates 25 and the longitudinal sills 15 at the ed of the car are notched-or'cdt away longi u- .dihally, as shown at 42 and43, res

tivel so that the edges of. the'section's'o insula ingmaterial overlap and fit into these notches in=the same manner that the sections fit into the belt rails 21" and longitudinal strips 40. Thesectional insulators in the side walls beneath the lower belt rails are provided with waterproof coatings.

In the roof of the car the purlins 26 pref erabl have a substantially T'-sha ed danstruc ion,- whereby longitudinal oulders 26 are formed to engage and support the longitudinal edges of the 'insulating sections 36. a In the embodiment" illustrated these sections'have three layers of the insulatin material; and the uppermost layer thereo is adapted to'overlap' the purlins 26 ma to engage suitablelon ithdinalnotches in the side plates 25,'so'.that the upper l'ayers'30 of the-insulating material abiltagainst each other, while the ed set the lower layers abut'again'st' the pur ins and the side plea-s.

Longitudinal strips 44ers secured over the 130 ing the .vention overlapping edges of the sheets 30, and the entire construction so formed is covered by the outer roof boards and the inner roof or ceiling boards 46. The method of unitedges of the insulating sections with the car framework above described may be more clearly understood by reference go the enlarged sectional view shown in i 9.

n Fig. 10 there isillustrated a modified form of construction, in which the belt rail 21 has a longitudinal strip I l0 secured thereto and projecting therefrom a distance corresponding to the thickness of the insulating sections 47, the layers of which are the same Size and adapted to abut against the strip 40, where they are held in position by a cleat 48, of larger dimensions, which overlaps the adjacent edges of the insulatin sections' a This insulating SGChlOIIdS inclose by the inner sheathing 22 and the outer sheathing 23 as in the. construction previously described. In either form of construction the sections of,insulating material are held firmly in place, and substantially air-tight joints are formed, so thatair can not pass from the interior of the car to the outside thereof.'

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated a modified constructlon of the composite heat insulator, in which two layers of heat insulating ma terial, such. as body hair felt or the like, are cemented together and reinforced by an in; tervening layer 51 of some mate *ial such as magnesium, which not only unites the outer layers of felt but imparts sufficierit stiffness to themto enable them to sustain their own weight. p

In Fig. 7 a further embodiment of the inis illustrated, in which two outer layers 52 of flax-board, or the like, are cemented to an intervening layer 53-015 hair felt to impart render the entire structure sufficiently stiff to support its own weight when, placed vertically as in the side wall construction. of a car.

. tion of lift tie

" 5t e f hair felt or the j In Fig. 8 a fifth embodiment of the inventron is illustrated, in which the outer layers like are united by an intervening cementin layer 55 as in the form illustrated in Fig. 6, except that the layer 55 has insulating material mixed with the cement to form a relatively thick layer which not only unites the layers of hair felt but increases the heat-insulating qualities of the entire'structure.

In Fig. 11 I have illustrated the adaptamy improved insulating material to tank cars, and the like. The inner metal wall of the tanlr car is sheet metal covering 61, and this intervening space is adapted to be filled with. heat-insulating material, which may be effectively ac complished by using the present invention in terial whereby the passage of heat stiffness to the latter andto I each other,

spaced from the on ter.

which the heat' insulator is made up in sect tions 62, each consisting of a plurality of layers 63 of body hair felt, or the like, ce-

mented together along their contacting sur- I adapted 'toabut against each other, and the edges of'the outer layers are similarl in contact, so that a tight joint is forme between adjacent-sections of the insulating mais effectively prevented. a f

ile my invention is of particular advantagein the construction of refrigerator cars,

seen that it may be put to other it will he uses of the class herein described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

the" adjacent a 1. In a refrigerator car, an insulated Wall comprising a plurality of sectional heat insulators each comprising a plurality of relatively thick layers of flexible insulating material uni-ted and supported by sheets of stiffening material cemented thereto, and a framework for uniting and supportin said sections, some of said layers being arranged to abut against said framework, and other layers being arranged to overlap said framework and abut against ,each other, whereby a continuous sheet of heat-insulating material is formed throughout the car wall.

2. In a refrigerator car, a plurality of frame members spaced apa'rtto form interveningspaces adapted to receive insulating material, sectional heat insulators fitting into said spaces, said. heat insulators each comprising a plurality of layers of insulating material cemented together, some of said layers being of less area than the others, whereby the layers of lesser area abut against the lateral edges of said framemembers and the layers of larger area overlap said frame members and abut against and securing means overlapping the edges of said layers of larger area;

3. The combination in a railway car, of an insulated wall comprising a plurality of sectional heat insulators each comprising a plurality of relatively thick contacting layers of flexible heat insulating material, some of said layers of heat insulating material having their edges projecting beyond the edges of the othercontacting layers, 'whereby the joints at the abutting edges of the sections of one layer are di placed from the joints of the contacting layers.

4. In a refrigerator car, a vertical car wall comprising a plurality of sectional heat insulators each comprising a plurality of relatively thick-layers of flexible heat insulating material united and supported by contacting sheets of stifi'ening material, cemented thereto, and a framework for uniting and supporting said sections, some of said layers being arranged to abut against said framework and other layers being arranged to overlap said framework whereby some of the layers of adjacent sectional heat insulators abut against each other and form a continuous sheet of heat insulating material throughout the car wall.

5. In a refrigerator car, a vertical wall comprising a plurality of frame members spaced apart to form intervening spaces adapted to receive heat insulating material,

said frame members each being composed of connected strips having difierent dimensions, the wider strips extending beyond the narrower strips and forming seats, and sectional heat insulators fitting into said spaces and engaging said seats, said heat insulators being formed of a plurality of layers of heat insulating material cemented together and reinforced by layers of stiffening materials cemented thereto, layers of stiffening material being interposed between layers of heat insulating material, some of said layers of heat insulating material being adapted to engage said seats and abut against said narrower strips, other layers of heat insulating material being of larger area and adapted to overlap said strips whereby said last mentioned layers of adjacent'heat insulating sections abut against each other along said frame members.

In testimony whereof I have subscribed my name.

EDWARD POSSON. Witnesses:

ARTHUR VVITHALL, C. E. EKLIND.

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