US1387328A - Air-preheater for explosive-engines - Google Patents

Description

S. S. STALEY AND M. W. COLLET.

AIR PREHEATER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION men JAN- 7, 191a.

Fig.5 I 9 In)??? am 6 4 8 Fig.3. markfimondi lilorngy Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

vireo STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL S. STALEY,AND MARK W. COLLET, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

AIR-PREHEATER FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

"1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatwe, SAMUEL S. STALEY and MARK W. CoLLnT, citizens of the United States, and residents of the city and county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Air-'Preheaters for Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specifiof air of the temperature required to heat the charge before its entrance into the cylinder to a temperature sufficient, in con unc- .tion with the compression, to insure an explosion. The present device is aimed to furnish heated air in adequate quantity to supply the gaseous mixture in proper proportions before going intothe cyhnde-r. Figure 1 is aplan view of the device.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig.3 is afsection on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a section on the line HofFig. 2. Fig. 5 is a bottom View 7 of the device with the heater removed. Fig.

6 is an interior view of aportion of the outer wall of the chimney. Fig. 7 1s a v ew of a part of the top of the device looking from 1 below. Fig. 8 is a viewof a portion of the bottom of the air heating chamber.

The casing 1 surrounds an air heating chamber and is spaced somewhat from ,it and below it forms a fire box. The lining 2 preferably of asbestos orsimilar material lies against the inside of the casing. The bottom plate 27 inclosesthe casing at the bottom andchas a sufficiently largev opening to admit the burner 38' of a lamp. The

' chimney 35 has the outer wall (which is shown as the casing 1, of the device,) set so as to leave anarrow space between'it and the wall 23 ;of,the.air chamber which chamber is closed completely at the bottom by the diaphragm 28, which diaphragm is also of a heat conducting and radiating material. The cover 10 incloses the top of the air heating chamber completely except for Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

Application .filed January 7, 191 8. SerialNo. 210,628.

the air inlets 14, 14.. The diaphragm 28 is secured to the casing by the fingers 6 and to the wall 23 of the air heating chamber by the lugs 9, and the cover 10 is secured to the casing by the fingers 11 and to the wall 23 of the air heating chamber by the lugs 12.

The air heating chamber is provided also with the pipe 7, that extends nearly to the bottom of the chamber and is surrounded by the non-conducting covering 29. The pipe 7 passes through and extends above the cover 10 and in practice is secured to it by the nuts 8 and 26 above and'below this cover '10 respectively. The fingers 11 extend to v the casing land are secured to it, and the lugs 12, 12, are secured to the wall 23 of the air'heating chamber. The air heating chamber is provided also with the baffles 30, 31 of a heat conducting and radiating material. The baflles 30, are in contact with the wall 23 and spaced slidably from the pipe 7, and the partitions 31, fit closely the cover of the pipe 7 and are spaced from the walls 23. The rods 15 and 16 pass from top to bottom of the air heating chamber and through the baflles 30 and 31. The rods 15, in practice, pass completely through the heating chamber and fire box and are conviently held in place by'their heads and'the nuts 21 and 25. The rods 16 preferably terminate at the diaphragm 28 and are similarly secured to it by the nuts 20. The baflles'arje spaced by the washers 19, 19. W e have found the construction described heat from the fire-box is carried up by means of the rods 15 and 16 and the washers 19 to the baffles 30 and 31, and the washers "cause a'miuch better conducting and radiatlon of the heat than a straight pieceof The wall 23 and the wall 1 form a chimney 35 and the heated air in thechimney keeps the walls 23 continually hot, especially The air-to be heated is drawn into the heating chamber through the holes 14:, 14,

and passes over the radiating baiiies 30and above lofgreat practical value because the j 'if the insulation 2 is sufficient to prevent it from being chilled.

31 downward (being repeatedly brought into contact with the heated wall 23 until it reaches the highly heated diaphragm 28,

along which it passes were mouth'of the pipe 7). It then passes through the latter out of the heater.

The velocity of the air is much greater near the pipe 7 where it is only'heated by contact with the baffles 30 and 31 than near the heated wall 23, and moves most slowly between the bafiles 30 and 31 when nearest the wall. It can be made to pass in a very thin layer between the outer edge of the bafiie 31 and the wall 23 and yet will pass slowly between them.

The importance of a large supply. of air heated to a considerable extent is apparent when it is borne in mind that the best results are obtained in hydro-carbon internal explosion engines when the explosive mixture is presented to the cylinder with the hydro-carbon in gaseous form. If the hydro-carbon is heavy itwillless likely assume this form and more likely to be presented to the cylinder in a finely comminuted condition mixed with the air but still liquid. By supplying the heated air in a large quantity and at a high temperature even the heavier oils such as kerosene or even fuel oil will be presented to the cylinder in a gaseous form so that the compression will act upon a fuel ready to explode directly. We believe that up to the present time while many forms of pre-heaters have beenattempted, none of them have secured this result because of the small amount of heating surface presented to the air in its passage to the carbureter and also that in none of them the air has been conducted to the carbureter in a comparatively thin flow over the heating surfaces. As is well known,

air cannot be heated by conduction and only with much difliculty by radiation but very readily by convection and it is by the application of the above principles that we believe we have made a thoroughly practical device.

We claim:

1. In an air preheater for internal combustion engines, an air heating chamber, a fire box, and its chimney, said firebox and chimney together inclosing the air heating chamber atthe bottom and the sides, the walls between the firebox and the airheating chamber and the walls between the; chimney and the air heating chamber being of heat conducting materlal, a series of baflies in the air heating chamber, each -alternate battle being slightly spaced from, and fitting snugly to the wall separating the air chamber from the chimney, a draw ofif pipe for the heated air, leading from the air heating chamber to the outside of the heater, and having its intake mouth' near the wall between the air chamber and the 2. In anvair preheater for internal combustion engines, an air heating chamber,a firebox and its chimney, said firebox and fire box and the air heating chamber, and studs of a heat conducting material projecting into the fire box and extending through the air heating chamber.

3. In an air preheater for internal com bustion engines an air heating chamber, a 1

fire box and its chimney, together inclosing the air heating chamber at the bottom and the sides, the walls between the fire box'and the air heating chamber, and between the chimney and the air heating chamber being of heat conducting material, battles in the air heating chamber, each alternate bafile fitting snugly to and being slightly spaced from thewall between the fire box and the air heating chamber, studs of a heat 0011- ducting material ,projectinginto the fire box and extending through the air heating chamber, and washers placed around the said studs, the washers and the baflles being of heat conducting material, and a hot air outlet pipe, leading from the interior of the firebox to the outside of the heater, and having its intake mouth near the wall between the air chamber and the fire box.

4:. In an air preheater for internal combustion engines, anair heating chamber, a fire box and its chimney together inclosing the air heating chamber atthe bottom and the sides, the walls betweenlthe air heating chamber and the chimney 1 and. between the air heating chamber and the fire box, being l of a heat conducting and heat radiating material, a series of battles extending crosswise of the air heating chamber, certain of these baflles guiding the air toward the center of the air heating chamber, and others of these baflles, guiding the air in the air heating chamber,outward toward the wall between the air heating chamber andthe chimney, and an airoutlet pipe leading from the interior of the heater to the outside thereof,

havingits intake mouth toward the bottom of the air heating chamber. I In. witness whereof we have hereto set our signatures.

SAMUEL S. STALEYi MARK W. COLLET. Witness:

HELEN Gow.

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