US1383073A - Square - Google Patents

Description

A. CAPITANO.

SQUARE.

APPLlcATloN FILED lune 5.1920.

1,383,073. PatentedJune 28.1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. CAPITANO.

SQUARE.

APPLicMIoN FILED JUNE 5,1920.

1,383,078, PatentedJune 28, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SQUARE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 28, 1921.

Application iiled June 5, 1920. Serial No. 386,880.

1 o all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALESSANDRO CAPITANO, a citizen of the United States, residin at Pittston, in the county of Luzerne and tate of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Squares, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to folding or combination squares such as are used by various mechanics and consists in providing improved features in such squares whereby they become capable of being used for many different purposes, and take the place of squares, calipers, bevels, T-squares, protractors, etc., a single compactly foldable device thus serving as a substitute for a large number of separate tools.

One form which my invention may take is described in the present specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

wherein:

Figure 1 represents the device adjusted to act as an ordinary square or bevel square.

I Fig. 2 is a side view from the left of f ig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section of one shank of the square on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Fi 4 represents a locking device shown in Fig. 1 which serves to retain the square in its adjusted position, the parts being shown in section.

Fig. 5 represents one way of holding the sliding blade.

Fig. 6 represents a modified way.

Figs. 7 and 8 represent supplemental dials which may be applied to the device.

Fig. 9 shows the device adjusted for use as a T-square.

Figs. 10, l1 and 12 show supplemental blades adapted for use in the device.

My improved square comprises two prin cipal elements, namely the shank 1 and the bladeV 2. These are pivotally joined at 3 whereby they may be adjusted angularly with respect to each other, to serve as a bevel or square. The shank 1 is slotted at l to receive the blade 2, which folds into it when in closed position in the usual manner. The blade 2 is notched at 5 to clear the portion 6 of the shank, when closed. While the material of which the device is made forms no part ofV my invention, it will be understood that metal will usually be preferred. A dia-l l' is provided concentric with the pivot 3, preferably cut or stamped directly in the material of the shank itself. This dial may be graduated in any desired way, for instance, in degrees or pitches, and the particular graduations form no part of my invention` A similar dial 8 shown in Fig. 9 is provided near the center of the shank l and is used when the blade 2 positioned for use as a T-square. A blade 2 similar to blade 2 may be provided if desired. The blade 2 differs from blade 2 chieiy in that 1t has a squared end without the notch 5 of blade 2, and may be made short enough to clear the portion 6 of the shank 1. This is desirable in some cases where the notch 5 would interfere with the work.

A pair of sliding blades is also provided, these blades being designated by reference characters 9 and 10, the former sliding in a groove in shank 1, the latter in a similar groove in the blade 2. These sliding blades are slidable in the direction of their length, and may be projected more or less until their pointed ends 11 and 12 meet at the vertex of the angle formed by the outer edges of the shank 1 and blade 2. as shown in Fig. l. The cross section of the blade 9'iS shown in Figs. 5 and 6, blade 10 being exactly the saine. The blades are housed in grooves ot appropriate shape and are adjustable to a limited extent by means of the screws 1l moving in slots 16. In Fig. 5 a screw 14 is shown whose head bears against the edges 15 of slot 16, and whose threads are engaged in the sliding blade 9. Upon loosening this screw 14 slightly, the blade 9 may be adjusted, and then clamped securely by again tightening the screw 14. A modified arrangement is shown in Fig. 6, wherein a screw 18 is engaged through slot 16, and threaded into a nut 17, which bears against the edges 15 of the slot 16. A slot may be provided at each end of the screw 18, so that the adjustment may be made from either side of the instrument.

Although the instrument is originally provided with the two dials T :ind S marked upon its surface, in time rough usage. or even ordinary wear and corrosion, may obliterate the graduations. I therefore provide supplemental dials 19, 20. shown in Figs. 7 and 8. These dials fit over the original dials 7 and 8, and thus form ready means of repairing the device. They are fastened by nails or screws passed through the holes 21, and have central holes 22 t0 P355 @he spindle of. the indicatorI hereinafter described.

The dials eoiiperate with indil'ator il, shown in one loeation in Fig'. i. and in its other location in ll`ig. il. it fonsisis ol' a four-pointed starlshaped lat pim-e ol' metal .34 one of the poincs ot the star being;r Viridened and rarrying a rlaini'iing means. E25. the other three points" being sharp, and dis posed accurately at flll" from each other on the dial. any one of them servingV as a. reading pointer. As shown in Fig. 4, the indiH eator Carries the clamping means Q5 (a knnrled thumb screw as shown) which when tightened will canse a portion oi the shank l to be tightly clamped between the lower elanip plate 215 and the upper rlainp plate :27. The dials are lol-ated in eirenlar depressions, whose cross section is shown in Fig. l. The indicator is secured. as by means of a squared hole roiinratine' with a Squared pintle. to rotate lwith the blade 2 (or 2). one means oi doingv this bein; shown in Fig. il. llere a flange 2H on a short shalt ill has a square portion 3() on its upper face, to eopel'ate with a similarly shaped hole Ill in the indicator 23, and a set screw 232 serves to secure it firmly to the indicator. Below the fiance the shaft has a round Viortion 33,

h n l and below this another square portion 9,4-,

which engages a similarly shaped hole ll in the blade 2 or 2 to canse the shaft to revolve with the blade. Passing through part oi the shaft. Q9 is a swivel pin 35 secured at one end to the serew thrmnled rod 3G. and having its other end riveted or otherwise enlarged so as to rotate freely in shalt i?) but to be held from Vfalling' ont. nnt ST ot' the type shown serves to tighten the rod lo and pin to hold the parts in place.

lindert-nt grooves llo, 3H. are provided across blade il, and are adapted to engage et1rrespondin`er bars Ilil. Ill). shown in Fig. Vl l. of blade 40. The blade l() may be. 4substituted for blade 2 or '.l. and then blade 2 may be placed with the grooves iin' in engagement with bars lill. fll. While these may be Separate bars, it is preferred in pravt iee to unite them by a thin sheet oi' metal to strengthen them.

ln use. the device when assembled as in Fig. l will serve as a. square, or bevel, the angle the shank l and blade i? malte with earh other being readable on dial T. The slidable blades il and lll are adjusted so that their tips ll and l2 meet at a point, whieh will be the vertex ol the angle the enter edges of shank l and blade 2 inake `.vith eaeh other. Then the .Lhank and blade are assembled as in Fig. 9. the device serves as a T-Sqnare Whose angle is adjustable and readable on dial 8. Then the supplemental blade 4() shown in Figs. ll and 12 is inserted in place of blade 2, the blade 2 or 2a may be engaged over the bars 39, 39 Whicl'i slide in grooves 38. 3S. The Shank l and` blade or 2a may thus be et to a given taper or a nnii'orin parallel spacing', depending npon the angle at which blade lll is clamped to the shank l. When the ane-le is a right ang-le, the, device may be nsed as a raliper, the objeet to be measured beingy placed between the shank l and blade L) or 2, whieh is then moved along the bars B9, 3S) nntl it engages the object between itseli and the shank, the measurement being;r then indieated by the scales on bars 39, 39.

Having' described one embodiment of my device, l claim as my invention:

1. A combination square having a shank and a blade, a pair of dials one near the middle ol the shank, the other near one end ot' the saine, an indicator, means for releasably securing' the same rigidly to the blade, and arranged to eoperate with. one of the dials, means for looking the indicator to the shank and thereby secure the shank and blade in their adj usted positions.

A combination square having a shank and a blade, a pair of dials one near the middle of the shank, the other near one end ot the same, an indicator, means for releasably securing the same rigidly to the blade, and arranged to coperate with one of the dials, means for lockingr the indicator to the shank and thereby secure the shank and blade in their adjusted positions, and an auxiliary blade slidable in one of the members ol the square, having a pointed end which remains in line with the onter edge of said member.

il. A combination square having a shank and a` blade, a pair oli' dials one near the middle of the shank, the. other near one end ol' the saine, an indicator, means for releasably securing the saine rigidly to the blade, and arranged to eoperate with one of the dials, means for locking' the indicator to the shank and thereby set-nre the shank and blade in their adjusted positions, and an auxiliary blade slidable in one of the members ot the square, having a` pointed end which remains in line with the outer edge ol said member, and means for securing said auxiliary blade in its adjusted position.

-l. A. combination square having a shank and a blade, a pair of dials one near the middle of the shank, the other near one end of the saine, an indicator, means for releasably seein-ing; the same rigidly to the blade, and arranged to eoperate with one of the dials, means for locking the indicator to the shank and thereby secure the shank and blade in their adjusted positions, and a pair of auxiliary blades slidable in the shank and blade respectively, each having aipointed end, which remains in line with the outer edge of the member in which the respective auxiliary blade is seated.

5. In a device of the character described,

'llO

a shank having a circular depression, and having a dial marked in the material of the shank itself, and an auxiliary da] plate ittin in said depression and secured therein.

G. n a device of the class described, a shank, a member having a bar of trapezoidal cross section extending therefrom, said membei' being pivotally secured to the shank, and a blade having a transverse groove therein, ittng slidablv over said bar, whereby 10 ALESSANDRO CAPITANO.

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