US1382214A - moore - Google Patents

Description

H, E. MOORE.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION mw MAY\1,x919,

1 ,382,2 1 4:. Patented June 21, 1.921.

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Il. E. MOORE.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED IAY I7, 1919.

Patented June 21, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRISON E. MOORE, OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR T0 SIMPLEX ICE MACHINE COMPANY, 0F FORT WORTH, TEXAS, A CORPORATION 0F ARIZONA,

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

Application led May 17,

To all ywhom 'it may cmwem Be it known that I, HARRISON E. Mooim, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Fort Worth, in the county of Tarrant and State of Texas, have invented certain Improvements in Refrlgerating paratus, of which the following 1s a speci cation.

My invention relates to machines for manufacturing ice and for refrigeration, and the object is to provide a simple and relatively inexpensive machine for making ice by an absorption and intermittentprocess. Oneof the advantages of this invention is that small users may own their own ice making and refrigerating plants. Dairy men and' owners of market gardens may own their own plant for making all the ice they need and for refrigerating various products of farms and dairies, and the cost of making the ice or refrigerating will be something like ten to twenty cents a day, after the machine is once installed. One advantage of the machine is that after .it is charged and ready for freezing or refrigerating, the freezing or refrigerating may proceed for a time and then the process be stopped 4indefinitely and started again without recharging or repreparing the machine for freezing. Other objects and advanta es will be fully explained in the following escription and the invention w1ll be more particularly pointed out in the claims. 0

Reference is had to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this appl1ca tion.

Figure' 1 is a side elevation of the machine herein described. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the charging cylinder. Fig. 4 is an enlarged broken section, showing the construction of the end closing head. Ijig. 5 is an enlarged broken section, showing the manner of constructing and connecting inner and outer tubes and their connections. Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views of pipes at the end of cylinder 3.

Similar characters of reference are used to indicate the same parts throughout the several views.

The machine is mounted on a furnace of any suitable design in which heat may be created from any of the well known ways of producing heat, as by wood or coal fire or Speecation of Letters Patent.

Patented June 21, 1921.

1919. Serial No. 297,781.

gas. The furnace 3 supports the machine and is provided with suitable doors 27, 28, and 29 for convenience in supplying fuel and also for cooling olf the furnace after a distillation process. A plurality of pipes 30 are mounted in the upper part of the furnace 3 and supported in connections 31 at their ends. These pipes may be charged with water and ammonia through an intake 32. The connections 31 are connected to the cylinder 1 by pipes 34 and 35 which are connected to the heads 36. The heads 36 have circular grooves in their inner faces and gasket rings 37 are mounted in the bottoms of the grooves and the ends of the cylinder are projected into the grooves against the gasket rings. The heads 36 are retained in place by bolts 38 which are projected through the heads into pipe-sections 39. The pipe-sections 39 are brazed or soldered to the cylinder 1. Cylinders 1 and 2 are specially constructed in the same manner and the construction affords great strength for resisting pressure and for preventing leakage of ammonia water. The bolts 38 have heads resting against the heads 36, and the bolts are screwed into screw-threaded sockets 39 at close range. There will be rela tively no expansion of the bolts and no leakage between the heads 36 and the ends of the cylinders.

The cylinder 1 is filled about three-fifths full of water which is used as an absorbent for ammonia which is charged into the water through the saine filling intake 32. the amount varying in quantity according to the size of the machine. After the cylinder l has been charged in the above noted manner. the distillation process takes place, the object of which is to force the ammonia out of the absorbent water into cylinder 2 which is known as the receiver. The ammonia is driven out of the absorbent water in cylinder 1 by heat which is applied to the pipes 30 in the furnace 3. When the fire is applied to the tubes 30, it causes the liquor to circulate through the tubes 30 and in the cylinder 1. These elements are set at an ineline, that is, one end is higher than the other. In the cylinder 1 the ammonia li uor flows violently against the coil 13 W ich serves as a breaker or agitator and the work is done better than if the liquor was stirred or agitated by some instrument. The doors of the furnace are opened at the proper time so that the cylinder 1 can be cooled off quickly to keep the heat from warming up the liquor and upsetting or destroying the vacuum in the cylinder which has been created by the cooling process. The ammonia gas escapes from the cylinder 1 through pipe which is connected to the cylinder 1. by

' projecting the same thereinto and brazing or When the distillation orocess is com Diete-il Vover the top thereof into the water in cylinder 1. The ammonia gas passes out of the pipe 5 through a check valve 8 and up pipe 19 to the condenser 7. The pipe 19 passes on through the pipe 7 which is filled with cold water so that the cold water sur rounds the pipe 19. Cold water reaches the pipe from supply pipe 14 after the water has passed through the coil 15 and pipe 16 and outside pipe 17 and then through pipe 18. ln passing through the pipe 19 in pipe y7, the ammonia gas is condensed into ammonia which passes down through tube or pipe 19 which then runs through pipe 17. Any gas that has not already been condensed in the pipe or cylinder 7 will be condensed as it passes through pipe or cylinder 17 into liquid ammonia which passes down tube 19 into the cylinder 2 which is the main ammonia reservoir. l/Vater is fed through supply pipe 14 and through coil 15 to keep the condensed ammonia in cylinder 2 cool and also to condense any ammonia gas that may not have been condensed in the pipes or cylinders 7 and 17. lWhile the distillation process is going on, the water, aiter it has performed its Vfunction in pipes or cylinders 2, 17, and 7, will pass down pipe 40 which runs through rectifier 5 and on to waste.

cock L11 is closed and cock 12 opened. The water, instead of going to waste through cock 11, will go down through pipe 26 into cylinder 1 in the coil 13 and out the connection 43 to waste. The object oi' this is to coolv the cylinder 1 down. quickly and also tocreate a vacuum in said cylinder. A gage 44 is provided with cocks 25 to determine the amount of liquor (water and ammonia) in cylinder 1. A gage 4 5 is provided with cocks 22 for the ammonia in cylinder 2.

, Ammonia for freezing or refrigerating purposes may be taken from the cylinder '2 by a pipe 2O and cock 42.

The liquor placed in the cylinder 1 and the pipes 30 consists of distilled water and ammonia, the water acting as an absorbent for the ammonia. After the machine has been charged with water and ammonia, the distillation takes place. The purpose of the distillation is to force the ammonia out of the absorbent water and the power for driving the ammonia out of the water is heat which is applied to the pipes 30. When the heat is applied to these pipes, which are set at an incline to cause circulation, the `contents circulate through the pipes and through the cylinder 1, the coil of pipe 13 serving as an agitator for separating the ammonia gas or vapor from the water. The heat causes the ammonia to form a gas o r vapor which passes upwardly to the rectifier 5 which consists of two pipes oi' different dimensions, one placed within the other, with cold water passing through the center pipe and the ammonia gas passing between Y the two pipes, that is, within the larger pipe and on the outside of the smaller pipe. This operation condenses any vapor of water that may pass up with the vapor ot' ammonia.

The vapor of ammonia passes on up throughy pipes 7 and 17 which are similar in construction to rectiiier 5, but in these pipes the ammonia vapor passes through the small interior pipe and the water for cooling through the larger pipes for condensingk the ammonia which is collected in cylinder 2. There is considerable pressure on the anhydrous ammonia which has been created by the heat and this pressure is about 210 pounds and it is retained in the cylinder 2 by closing the valve 4. When this has been accomplished, the machine is ready for refrigeration and freezing. The condensed ammonia is utilized where needed by suitable pipes (not shown) by opening the cock 42. It is apparent that the ammonia Ymay be utilized repeatedly. A vacuum is created in the cylinder 1 by the water cooling process above described. It is apparent that numerous changes may be made in the several parts of the machine without departing from my invention. Attention is called to thefact that there are no regularly operating machine elements.

After the condensed ammonia taken from the pipe 2() has performed its function of refrigeration it can be returned to the machine and charged into the pipes 30 and cylinder 1 through. pipe 32. Eventually, all the ammonia will be taken from the storage cylinder 2 to find its way back into the cylinder 1. A new distillation process :is then necessary. The pressure gage45 will indicate when a new distillationprocess is necessary. f

That l claim is- 1. An ice machine comprising a` distillation cylinder, a storage and compression cylinder above and close to said distillation cylinder for containing a supply of ammonia, condensin apparatus including pipes havin exten ed portions connected to said diS- til ation cylinder at both ends for conveying vapor of ammonia to said storage cylinder and condensed water back to the distillation cylinder, and a cold water supply connected to said extended portions of said pipes.

2. An ice machine comprising a distillation cylinder, a storage an compression cylinder above and close to said distillation cylinder for containing a supply of ammonia condensin apparatus including pipes having exten ed portions connected to said distillation cylinder at both ends for conveying vapor of ammonia to said Stora e cylinder and condensed water back to e distillation cylinder, and a cold water supply connected to said extended portions oi said pipes and extended through both of said cylinders.

3. In a refrigerating machine, a horizontal vessel and heating means therefor, a storage vessel above the horizontal vesselta pipe extending from one end oi' the horizontal vessel for connecting the two vessels and having extended horizontal portions for condensing the steam passed up from the horizontal vessel and a pipe for returning it to said horizontal vessel, said horizontal pipe portions being water ooled by cold water supply connected with the pipes and extended through the storage vessel.

4. In a reirigerating machine, a horizontal cylinder and heating means therefor, a compression and storage cylinder above said horizontal cylinder, sealin means for said cylinders consisting of hea s having circular gasket packed cavities therein receiving the ends of the cylinders, screw-threaded sockets brazed to the peripheries of the cylinders adjacent to said heads, and bolts projected through said heads and screwed into said sockets.

5. ln an absorption refrigerating machine, a still-absorber consisting of a horizontal cylinder, a series of inf-lined heating pipes located beneath said cylinder and having their lower ends communicating with the bottom of the cylinder and their upper ends communicating with the cylinder above its bottom, and a return pipe connected with the lower ends of said heating pipe.

6. In an absorption refrigerating machine, a still-absorber consisting of a horizontal cylinder. a series of inclined heating pipes located beneath said cylinder and having their lower ends communicating with the bottom of the cylinder and their upper ends communicating with the cylinder above its bottom, a horizontal storage cylinder above the first-mentioned cylinder, pipes connecting the cylinders, an ammonia outlet pipe from the storage cylinder, and a return pipe connected with the lower ends oi said heating pipes.

l. An ire machine comprising a distilling cylinder, a storage cylinder above the same and a rettifying pipe connecting one end 0f the distiliing cylinder with the opposite end of the storage cylinder, said rectiiying pipe having a branch pipe extending below the level o1 the liquor in the distilling cylinder tor conducting back into the distilling cylinder the condensed water and thus preventing it entering the storage cylinder.

S. in a refrigerating machine, a horizontal distiliing cylinder, a furnace for heating the same, a horizontal storage cylinder above the distilling cylinder, connected coolincoils extending through both cylinders and connected to a cold water supply, a valve in the connections for cutting out the cooling coil of the distilling cylinder during the heating process and cutting it in during the cooling process, and a pipe for connecting one end oi' the distilling cylinder with the opposite end of the storage cylinder having a check valve therein for preventing the onipresscd ammonia in the storage cylinder from flowing back through said connections in the distilling cylinder when the latter is cooled.

9. An ice machine comprising a distillation cylinder, a` storage and compression cylindcr above and close to said distillation cylinder, for containing a supply of ammonia, condensing apparatus including pipes having extended portions connected to said distillation cylinder at both ends for conveying vapor of ammonia to said storage cylinder and condensed water back to the distillation cylinder, a gage on the storage cylinder for determining the pressure of gas therein, an outlet for the ammonia i' rom the storage cylinder. and an inlet for the ammonia to the distillation cylinder.

l0. A n ice and refrigerating machine comprising n distillation cylinder, a storage and compression cylinder above and close to said distillation cylinder for containing a supply of ammonia, heating means tor said distillation cylinder for distillation purposes and for obtaining the required pressure in said storage and compression cylinder, condensing apparatus including pipes having extended portions connected to said distillation cylinder at one end for conveying ammonia vapor to said storage and compression cylinder and connected at the other end to said distillation cylinder for conveying condensed water back to the distillation cylinder, a gage for the storage cylinder for determining the pressure of gas therein, an outlet for the ammonia from the storage cylinder and an inlet for the ammonia to the distillation cylinder.

11. A refrigerating machine comprising a ilifstillzitioii cylinder, n compression and stor :ago (rayliladoig -rectiliei' between ssiid Cylindois, a cold Water supply including pipes @wronged to ii'st Cool thoJ uiinionizt in the compassion :md Stora-go cylinder, thon to pass the somewhat. limited Wzt'tei through the iootiioi to condens@ the steam passing up with the ammonia Afrom the distillation cyl.-

indo?,v and :l pipo extending below the liquid in the i'lis'tillntion cylinder for. conducting' tho oondcusml stoom fiom the rectifier baci info h@ distillation cylinder.

In testimony wher-Ooij.y l sot my hand', this iiid dny of Apiil, A, D., 1919.

HARRISON E. MOORE.V Y

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