US1370810A

US1370810A - Pump

Info

Publication number: US1370810A
Application number: US281531A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harvey F Hansen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1919-03-08
Filing date: 1919-03-08
Publication date: 1921-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 1938-03-08

Description

H. F. HANSEN.

PUMP. APPLICATION Hm; nn. 8. 1919.

1,370,810. Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

IN VE N 70/? HARYEYFHANSEJY V A TTOBNEY H. F. HANSEN.

P UMP. APPLICATION FILED MAR. s. 1919. I 1,370,810, Patented Mar. 8, 1921. f 4 \o g 4 snsns-suzn 2.

g INVEHOR hams 1 1521252X A TTORNEY H. F. HANSEN.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED mm. 8. I919.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- H. F. HANSEN.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED "AR. 8, 1919.

1,370,810. Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

IN VEN TOR FE Ham 2y Ffiawszy @ZM m1 A 77' ORNE I ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' specification of Letter: Eatent.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921'.

mm... fled March a, 1919. Serial No. 201,531.

and useful invention-to wit, an Im rovement in Pumps; and I'do hereby eclare the following to be a full, clear, concise, and exact description of the same.

The invention relates particularly to rotary pumps of the vane type. Among the objects of the invention are to provide means for varying the capacity of the pump by varying the displacement therein, and reverse the direction of fiow without reversing the direction of rotation of the 'pump.

Another object is to provide means for gradually increasi the capacity of the pumpin handlin viscous and slow-flowing fluids, by gradua ly increasing the velocity of flow as the inertia of the liquid is overcome.

A further object is to provide means whereby the capacity'of the pump may be automatically varied in accordance with the suction or pressure exerted by the pump.

Other objects and advantages will appear as this description progresses.

In this specification and the annexed drawings, the invention .is illustrated in the form considered to be the best, but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to such form, because it may be embodied in other forms, and it is also to be understood that in and by the claims following the description, it is desired to cover the invention in whatsoever form it may be embodied.

In the accompanying four sheets of drawigure 1 is a cross section of a pump constructed in accordance with this invention taken on the line, II Fig. 2. I

Fig. 2 is a plan view from above of the same in cross section taken on the line II II Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 isacross section similar to Fig. 1' with the rotating elements removed and the automatic capacity governor substituted for the manual governor shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the subcasing with end cover removed.

' Fig. 5 is a cross section of the same taken on the line V-V Fig. 4-with cover attached.

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the carrier ring with. flange removed.

Fig. 7 is a cross section of the same taken on the line VIIVII Fig. 6 with flange attail ied.

i

8, 9 and 10 are rogressive di ams show ig the cycles of afction in va the capac ty of the pump from neutra to full pumping capacitiy. I

Among the a vantages of this pump is that the consumption of power is in direct proportion to the volume umped against a set pressure. It is possibi; also to directl connect the pump to the motive wer, h as an electric motor or other 23 gme, w thout intermediate reduction gearmg, as it 1s posslble to gradual] apply'the load by varying the capacity of This is particularly advantageous in pum mg heavy, viscous masses such as oil. reduced ca acity of the pump gradually overcomes t e inertia of the column pumped against, without overloading the prime mover, or placing undue stress on the pumping element. As a fire pump this invention s particularly advant us, as the capac- 1ty may be varied in irect proportion to the water discharged, without wasting water by passing it through by-passes or bleeders with a consequent waste of power. If a 1m-e of hose is suddenly shutoff, the automatic governor proportionately controls the output of the pump and contrawise. I This present app ication bears some relat1on to the patent to H. A. Bullard, No. 1,210,042, issued December 26th, 1916, and at resent owned by my assignee.

n detail, the construction illustrated in the drawings includes, the inclosing casing 1 having the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 and the air-chamber 4. The inlet 2 and the outlet 3 are substantially tangential to the cylindrical casing 1 which'is concentric with the axis of the rotor. The drive shaft 6 is mounted in the bearings 7 8 and 10, that are respectively bolted to the casing 1 and supported on the pedestal 9 fixed to the base 11. The bearing 7 is contained within the lateral extension 12 of the cover plate 13 on the casing and is closed at the outer end by the cap 14 to prevent leakage. The opposite extension of the shaft 6, between the bearings 8 and 10, is provided with the stuffing box 16 adapted to be filled with any suitable packing compressed by the gland 17 surrounding the shaft. The gland 17 is advanced by means of the stud bolts 19 fixed in the extension 21 of the cover plate rm of en- I the pump.

22 of the casing, and advanced by the nuts 23 threaded on the stud bolts 19 and bearin against the gland 17.

The subcasing 26 is cylindrical in cross section, having a central chamber 27, and is slidably supported within the casing on the

lugs

28 and 29 slidable within the

guide slots

31 and 32 respectively, provided internally on the diametric center line of the inclosing casing 1, whereby the subcasingis movable transversely within the main casing 1. This movement is accomplished by means of the spindle 33, threaded in the lug 29 and swiveled at 34 in the extension 36 of the casing. This spindle is surrounded by the stuffing box 37 to prevent leakage, and is manipulated by means of the convenient handle 38. The by-passes 3939 communicate with the spaces intermediate the ends of the

lugs

28 and 29 and the ends of the

guide slots

31 and 32 within the interior of the casing, to equalize the pressure on the subcasing and counterbalance its movement. The ends of the subcasing are closed by the integral end 41, and the removable end.42'

screwed thereto. These ends 41 and 42 are provided with the slots 43-43 respectively, clearing the shaft 6 and permitting the movement of the subcasing with respect thereto. These covers 41 and 42 are provided with the integral inwardly extending

concentric necks

44 and 46 surrounding the shaft 6. The side-

plates

13 and 22 suitably bolted to the inclosing casing 1 are drawn snugly against the ends of the subcasing to prevent leakage at these points, that are further packed by the annular tapered expansion ring 47, interposed between the cover 22 and the contiguous side of the subcasing, the tapered ring being compressed against the inclined side of the slot provided therefor and having a normal tendency to rise thereoutof causes the ring 47 to bear snugly against the contiguous sides of the subcasing, and force it laterally against the opposite cover plate 13.

The rotor 48 is keyed at 49, on the shaft 6 and rotates concentrically therewith. This rotor is provided with the

sockets

51, 52, and 53 extending across the rotor parallel with the shaft 6. The oscillating packing members 56, 57 and 58, oscillate freely within their respective sockets, within which they fit snugly enough to prevent leakage at points of contact. The vanes 61, 62 and 63 slide freely at radial angles within the oscillating packing members 56, 57 and 58 respectively. The outer ends of these vanes are provided with the round heads 66, 67 and 68 extending across their width and pivotally engaging sockets 7071 and 72, Fig. 6, provided therefor at spaced intervals along the interior periphery of the carrier ring 73.

This carrier ring 73 is cylindrical in form and fits concentrically within the subcasing and is rotatable with respect thereto, on the

hubs

76 and 77 encircling the

extensions

46 and 44 surrounding the slots 43 in the subcasing. The carrier ring is driven synchronously with the rotor through the intermediary of the

pins

81, 82 and 83 having their opposite endsfixed in the sides 84 and 85 of the carrier ring and extending thereacross through the openings 86, 87 and 88 provided in the rotor. These openings are of suflicient size to allow for the necessary differential movement in the rotor and the carrier ring when the latter is moved eccentrically to the rotor by the movements of the subcasing which gives two centers of opera tion. See Figs. 8, 9 and 10. The interposition of the driving pins 81, 82 and 83 in contacting engagement with the holes in the rotor relieves the vanes 61, 62 and 63 of all driving action, leaving them free to oscillate in their planetary movement around the drive shaft 6, in accommodating themselves to their variations in angle of inclination between the rotor and the carrier ring, both of which they pivotally engage.

To insure lateral contact between the ends ofthe rotor and the carrier ring, the'annular packing ring 89 is interposed and forced against the side of the rotor by the expansion of the coil springs 91. This annular ring 89 overlaps the eccentric path of the rotor within the carrier ring against which it bears snugly and prevents leakage at this point. The introduction of the packing rings 47 and 89 insures the proper and constant sealing of the movable parts against each other, at the same time allowing for a certain lateral resiliency to take up wear and avoid the necessity for setting the contacting parts too close in original adjustment.

The inclosing casing 1 is divided horizontally on its center diameter by the interposition of the subcasing 26 with the

extended lugs

28 and 29 hermetically fitting and sliding within the sockets 31-32 provided therefor in the casing 1. through this subcasing is through the inlet port 92 and the outlet port 93 formed in the periphery of the subcasing between its sides, see Fig. 5. These

ports

92 and 93 are respectively opened and closed 96, 97 and 98 formed in the periphery of the carrier between its sides and between the

peripheral shoes

100, 101 and 102, rotatably sealed against the interior periphery of the subcasing. The carrier is divided into three distinct chambers between the vanes 61, 62 and 63 and the periphery of the rotor sealed by the oscillating packing members 56, 57 and 58, the carrying capacity of which chambers may be varied at will, as will hereinafter be more fully described. The positions of the vanes with respect to the inlet Passage by the ports ports 92 and 93'are timed so that there is a closed interval between two adjacent vanes in passing the

peripheral walls

103 and 104 of the subcasing, for instance, the distance between the ends' of the shoe 102 and the beginning of the

shoes

100 and 101 is slightly less than the length ofthe unbroken wall 103 of the subcasing, which is likewise true 011 the opposite side with respect to the wall 104, whereby the fluid taken in between any two vanes on the inlet side 2 of the inclosing casing is confined between those walls passing the division wall 103 before discharging into the upper half of the inclosing casing communicating with the discharge side 8.

This invention operates substantially as follows:

Power is applied to the protruding end of the shaft 6 at 106 to rotate this Shaft preferablyin a clockwise direction. Referring to Fig. 1, the subcasing and the rotor being in concentric or neutral relation, rotation has no displacing effect, and the pump will operate without result, requiring only the power necessary to overcome the inertia and friction of the parts, the centers of operation being coincident as shown in Fig. 8. When the governor handle 38 is rotated in a clockwise direction, the righthand thread on the spindle 33 engaging the lug 29, will force the subcasing laterally to the left, as shown in F ig. 9. This reduces the distance between the periphery 'of the rotor and'the interior periphery of the subcasing on the right-hand side, witha similar enlargement of the distance between these elements on the left-hand side, giving a crescent-shaped space as illustrated by the cycles of operation X-Y. This will cause the pump to transfer asmall quantity of fluid from the-intake side 2, to the discharge side 3 of the casing with each revolution of the rotor and the dividing vanes. Continued. rotation of the governor handle 38 in the clockwise direction will increase the distance between the cycles of operation X and Y likewise increasing the capacity of the pump by increasing the volumetric capacity of the space between any two vanes and the wall 103, until the maximum capacity is reached. This operation is facilitated by the synchronous compensating drive between the carrier ring and the rotor previously described. The fluid is pumped in at the port 92 and out of the port 9.3 of .the subcasing as the

various shoes

100, 101 and 102 pass thereacross, dividing off a quantity of the fluid in accordance with the capacity of the space between the vanes. As these shoes 100 to 102 out across the edge of the wall 104, the fluid elevated in'the upper half of the casing is prevented from returning through the subcasing, because of the squeezing action that would exerted thereon I because of the difference in volumetric capacity on opposite sides of .the

rotor with respect to the subcasing and by the sealing ofi' by the wall 104 and the carrier and rotor. Any slight pulsations'that may result from the cut-off of the vanes in discharging would be absorbed by the cushioning effect of the air-chamber 4L communicating with the upper half of the inclosing casing, reactingaga-inst the statlc head of the fluid pumped. It is obvious that the which forces the subcasing to the right, giving the greater volumetric capacity between the rotor and the carrier ring on the rightheud side, resulting in reversing the low of the fluid through the pump without reversing the direction of rotation of the rotor shaft 6. All of the variations in volumetric capacity are possible in pumping in either direction. Obviously the shaft 6 may be rotated in either direction with similar functioning of the parts, but the present design is intended to be run in the dire'tion ldescribed. "The by-passes 39- -39 opening the static head pressure to the

spaces

31 and 32 behind the lugs 28 and 20 counterbalance the pressure on the opposite side of the subcasing, making its movement free and easy, by means of the governor mechanism. The interior of'the rotor is open to the

sockets

51, 52 and 53'through the ports 106, 107 and .108 communicating with the ports leading into the interior of the oscillating packing membersti, 57 and 58 permitting any leak- 1 age passing the vanes to enter the sockets and pass into the interior of the rotor, where in it is confined between the stuffing box 10 I and the end cap 14 sealing the shaft. the

pressure gradually building up in the interior of the rotor until it is equal to the static h eadbelng pumped against, in this ,manner equalizing the pressure on all operative parts and eflectively sealing the whole interior of the pump a ainst leakage, also counterbalancmg the displacement of the various vanes in entering and receding from their respective oscillating packing members 56, 57 and 58; their operation being synchronized the advance of one is equal to the'retraction of its companion members. This interior counterbalancing of pressure will form the subject of a separate application for patent. The automatic governor illustrated irrFig. 3 consists ofth'e lateral chamber 111 preferably formed integral with the inclosing casing 1, the upper portion of which communicates therewith through the-bypass" 112, whereby the same ."static pressure-exists in the chamber 111 "that existsi n the upper "half or discharge case to the 'lugs' 29 towhich the link 114 is pivoted at 115.f' The chamber 111 is provided withau upward cylindrical extension 116, bored'and finished-to receive the reciprocating cup leather-j piston 117 therein,

'fixed on the piston rod 118 between the;

shoulder 119 and [the threaded nut 120 screwed onto the piston 'rod above the 'piston. The 'calibratiadfspring 121' is confined between the'nut 120'and the adjustable plug 122 threaded'imthe'cap 123 fixed in the upper end of the [cylinder 116 through which the piston rod slides freely. The-upper end of this cap is" provided with the lock nut 124, and the upper end of the plug is squared-at 126 to"re'ceive a wrench for screwing it} into and out of the cap 123 to vary the tension of thespring 121 bearing against the piston, the desired ten-.

sion being fixed by setting u the nut 124. The descent of the piston is united by the nut 127threaded thereon and set bi thejam nut 128 to regulate the descent o the piston, the nut 127 abutting the topof the plug 122. The lower end of. thepiston rod 118 is provided with .the'yoke end 129 pivoted at 131 "to the extension 132 of the bell-crank lever 133 fulcrumed at 134 on a pin extending across the chamber 111. The upper endof the bell-crank is pivoted at 136 to the link 114. The bell-crank is provided withan abutment 137 existing on the stem 138 threaded in the cap 139 fixed in the lower end of the chamber 111 and h p 'what I claim anddesire to secure by Letsurrounding the stem 138 witha stulfing gland as at 141, the lower end of the same being squared as at 142 for reception of ,a

,wrench for adjusting the stem within the cap 139. The abutment 137 is pivoted on the end of the stem 138 to limit the upward rise of ,the'piston 117, the rise and fall of this piston operating through the? connecting bell-crank mechanism exerts a 'lateral push and pull on the subcasing to which it is attached, in accordance with the variations of pressure existing within the chamber 111 acting against the piston. As the pressure increases in the upper half of the inclosing casing, it is communicated through the by-pass 112 forcing the piston upward, permitting the piston to ascend against the-pressure of the expansion spring 121. This throws the subcasing over to the right decreasing the capacity of the pump until the pressure lowers in the upper half of the casing and in the chamber 111 restoring the piston to its calibrated level,

'thus automatically maintaining a given pressure within the upper portion of the inclosing casing connecting with the various "dischargemembers, such as fire hose, and. "the like. the'pressu're rises tonormal, the subcasing returns to its set position.

An excessive pressure in the casing 1 is prevented by the automatic operation of the governor piston which rises and advancesthe subcasin'g to the set position determined by the height of the stem 138 fixed in an obvious manner. This automatic gov- "ernor is particularly valuable in connection with fire pumps, in which the load may drop from the maximum to the minimum with the'sudden shut-off of one or more of the leads from the pump. If the whole dison the abutment 137. Thegovernor may be set to operate between any limit of pres sure by a mere adjustment of the nut 127 v "on the piston rod or the threadedstem 138 charge is cut oil suddenly, the governor spect siimilar to the manual governor shown in Fig. 1 but dispenses .with the necessity of manual manipulation and the services of an operator. The function of regulating the capacity of the pumprelieves the motor ipower of the possibility of an overload and eliminates the'possibillty of undue strain on pipe lines and the like, which the pump may be serving, the apparatus thus being as nearly as may be self-protecting and automatic in all its actions.

Havingthus described this invention,

tersPatent of the United States is v 1. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; 21. subcasing movable within said casing; a carrier within said subcasing; a rotor within said carrier; means for synchronously driving said rotor and said carrier; and vanes pivotally'. and slidably engaging said rotor and earring-respectively.

casing; a rotor concentrically rotatable in said casing; a subcasing surrounding said rotor; a carrier interposed between said rotor and subcasing; vanes interposed between said rotor and carrier; and means for moving said subcasing with respect to said rotary pump comprising an inclosing ing casing; a shaft ourna carrier; and vanes interposed between said rotor and carrier. 4. A rotary pump comprising an inclosed in said casing; a subcaslng movable in said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; 9. carrier concentrically rotatable in said subcasing journaled on said hubs; a rotor fixed on said shaft; pins in said carrier engaging said rotor, and vanes interposed between said rotor and carrier.

5. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled on said casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft and having transverse openin therethrough; a carrier concentric with sald subcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openings; and vanes interposed between said carrier and rotor.

6. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled on said casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft and having'transverse openings therethrough; a carrier concentric with said subcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openin s; vanes pivoted in said carrier and exten ing into said rotor; and oscillating packing members interposed between said vanes and said rotor.

7. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a subcasing within said casin means fixed in said casing for moving said subcasing relative thereto; a carrier within said subcasing; a rotor within said carrier; means for synchronously driving said rotor and said carrier; and vanes pivotallyand slidably engaging said rotor and carrier respectively.

8. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a rotor concentrically rotatable 1n said casing; a subcasing surrounding said rotor; a carrier interposed between said rotor and subcasing; vanes interposed between said rotor and carrier and means for varying the position of the subcasing relative to the inclosing casing and rotor.

9. A rotary p'ump comprising an inclosing casing; a subcasing within said casing; automatic means fixed within the casing and operated by the pressure therewlthm for moving said subcasing relative thereto; a. carrier within said subcasing; a rotor within said carrier; means for synchronously driving said rotor and carrier; and means pivotally and slidably engaging said rotor and carrier respectively.

10. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing a rotor concentrically rotatable in saidcasing; a subcasing surrounding said rotor; extensions on said subcasing slidably mounted in sald casing; a carrier mter'posed between said rotor and subcasing; vanes mcasing relative thereto and conduits con- I necting the interior of the casing with the subcasing slide mountings for equalizing the pressure thereon.

12. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled in said casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; means for moving said subcasing relative to said inclosing casing; a carrier concentrically rotatable in said subcasing journaled on said hubs; a rotor fixed on said shaft; pins in said carrier engaging said rotor, and vanes interposed between said rotor and carrier.

13. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled in said casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; automatic means fixed within'the casing and operated by the pressure therewithin for moving said subcasing relative thereto; a carrier concentrically rotatable in said subcasing iournaled on said hubs; a rotor fixed on said shaft;

pins in said carrier engaging said rotor, and

vanes interposed between said rotor and carr1er.

14. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled in said casing; a subcasing mounted within said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; extensions on said subcasing adapted to slidably position the same within said casing; automatic means fixed within the casing and operated by the pressure therewithin for mova subcasing movable in said casing and hav-- ing hubs surrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft and having transverse openings therethrough; means for varying the axes of eccentricity of said subcasing and said rotor; a carrier concentric with said subcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openings; and vanes interposed between said rotor and carrier.

16. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled in said casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft and having transverse openings therethrough; automatic means fixed within the casing and operated by the pressure therewithin for moving said subcasing relative thereto; a carrier concentric with said subcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openings; and vanes interposed between said rotor and carrier.

'17. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled in said casing; asubcasing movable in said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft and having transverse openings therethrough; means for moving said subcasing relative to said inclosing casing and rotor; a carrier concentrio with said subcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openings; vanes pivoted in said carrier and extending into said rotor; and oscillating packing members interposed between said vanes and rotor.

18. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled in said casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubs surrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft and having transverse openings therethrough; automatic means fixed within the casing and operated by the pressure therewithin for varying the axis of eccentricity of said subcasing relative to said rotor; a carrier concentric with said subcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openings; vanes pivoted in said carrier and extending into said rotor; and oscillating packing members inter )osed between said vanes and rotor.

n testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at San F rancisco, California, this v 15th day of January, 1919.

, HARVEY F. HANSEN.

In presence of- BALDWIN VALE.