US1363009A

US1363009A - Fire-extinguisher

Info

Publication number: US1363009A
Application number: US218065A
Authority: US
Inventors: Pearsons George Taylor
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1918-02-19
Filing date: 1918-02-19
Publication date: 1920-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 1937-12-21

Description

G. T. PEARSONS.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I9, 1918.

1,363,009. Patented Dec. 21, 1920. v

I NVENTOR UNITED STATES GEORGE TAYLOR PEAR/SONS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FIRE-EXTINGUISHER.

Application filed February 19, 1918.

T 0 all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, GEORGE T. PEARSONS,

"a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvemerits in F ire-Extinguishers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fire extinguishers in which a fire extinguishing material, such as carbon-tetrachlorid, or a compound thereof, contained in a reservoir, is expelled therefrom by a gas pressure created in a generator in the reservoir by the uniting of gas generating materials, and relates to this type of extinguisher in which a receptacle carrying a gas generating material, such as an acid, is carried in the generating chamber' andwhen it is desired to use the extinguisher the gas generating material in the receptacle is caused to unite with another gas generating material, such as bicarbonate of soda, carried in the generating chamber, and it is the primary object of the in vention to provide a fire extinguisher of this character which is particularly adapted for use on water craft and air craft where the extinguisher during the operation of such craft is subjected to variable positions.

In certain of the foregoing type of extinguishers the gas generating materials are normally prevented from uniting by providing the acid receptacle with a stopper which is removable by the inverting of the extinguisher to permit the acid to flow from the receptacle and unite with the soda, and in other types of extinguishers the one gas generating material, suc as the acid, is carried in a frangible bottle which is ruptured or broken by means operable from the exterior of the reservoir. In certain types of these extinguishers the outlet of the generating chamber into the reservoir is provided with a check valve, but the use of such a valve is not feasible due to the corrosive action of the chemicals of the fire extinguisher upon the valve. In others an open outlet to the reservoir is provided, but in the use of this latter type upon water or air craft the varying changes in the position of such craft causes a splashing of the fire extinguishing liquid in the reservoir with the result that the same enters the outlet of the generating chamber and is absorbed by the bicarbonate of soda causing a deteriorationof such material. It is an object of the invention to Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 21,- 1920.

Serial No. 218,065.

overcome the above disadvantages by providing a sealed cartridge having means to carry gas generating materials in a separated condition therein in all positions of the extinguisher and to provide a carrier for said cartridge in the reservoir, which is in the nature of a generating chamber, having a clear outlet passage to'the reservoir, together with means to rupture the cartridge and cause the gas generating-materials to Lmite.

In the use of a plunger, usually mounted in a removable cover for an opening in the reservoir, to rupture or break a receptacle containing a gas generating material, in a pressure type of-fire extinguisher as above set forth, considerable difficulty is experienced in preventingleakage of the expelling pressure through the mounting of such plunger, and it is-a further object of the invention to provide means to seal the mounting of the plunger from the generated pressure and prevent the escape/of the expelling pressure through the plunger mounting.

In the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification there is shown in sectional side elevation a fire extinguisher embodying my invention.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in the drawing there is provided a reservoirto contain fire extinguishing liquid, such as carbon tetrachlorid'or a compound thereof, said reservoir comprising a cylindrical body portion 2 having a head 3 at one end. constituting the top of the reservoir, with an opening in the head closed by a removable cover 4, and a bottom 5 fixed to the body portion to close said end and preferably constructed in the form of a supporting standard or base for the extinguisher.

The liquid is discharged or ejected from the reservoir through an outlet tube 6 having an inlet from adjacent the bottom of the reservoir with a check valve 7 opening outward from and closing into the reservoir, said tube leading to the exterior of the reservoir adjacent the top with a flexible hose 8 connected to said tube having a nozzle 9 connected thereto.

The fire extinguishing liquid is expelled from the reservoir by a gas pressure generated in a generator in the reservoir by the uniting of gas generating materials which are normally maintained in a separated condition, such as bicarbonate of soda and sulfuric or hydrochloric acid. To maintain these materials in a separated condition and free of the fire extinguishing liquid they are carried in what is termed a gas generating charge carrying cartridge, comprising her metically sealed receptacles 10 and 11 one within the other. The acid is carried in the receptacle 10, said receptacle being made of frangible material, such as glass, and is of a form as shown with the side wall converging from opposite ends to midway of the receptacle substantially in the form of an hour glass, with the material of the receptacle at the converging side preferably made of less thickness than the remaining portion of the receptacle at the ends. The receptacle 11 is preferably of sheet metal and carries the bicarbonate of soda surrounding or packed around the acid receptacle substantially as shown, said sheet metal receptacle having one end closed and hermetically sealed by a material, such as tag ers tin, to permit of the ready rupturing thereof.

The gas generating charge carrying cartridge is carried in an open ended receptacle 12, which is in the nature of a generating chamber, having screw threads at the open end to cooperate with internal screw threads on an annular depending flange 13 of the cover to detachably secure the same thereto, to permit of the removal of the receptacle with the cover as the latter is removed from the head of the reservoir, and the ready removal of the receptacle 12 from the cover for the purpose of substituting or renewing cartridges. The outlet of the re ceptacle 12 into the reservoir is through a port 20 in a siphon tube 21 located in a pocket or portion 22 extending from the bottom of the receptacle, the inlet end 23 of which tube is located adjacent the bottom of the pocket and the outlet leading through the bottom of the pocket for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

The gas generating materials in the cartridge arecaused to mix or unite by the rupturing of the receptacles 10 and 11, and for this purpose there is provided a plunger 15 mounted in the cover 4 to have longitudinal movement imparted thereto from the exterior of the reservoir, and shown as having a threaded connection with the cover.

A diaphragm 16 is interposed between the end of the plunger and the receptacle 1.2 and fixed in a suitable manner as by clamping the diaphragm at the peripheral portion between an annular seat formed at the base of the screw threads of the annular flange 13 of the cover and a clamping ring 17 and then soldering. This diaphragm serves as a closure for the receptacle 12 and prevents access of the generated gases to the plunger mounting in the cover with-the possibility of escape of the generagainst the taggers tin end of the receptacle 11 of the cartridge which movement of the abutment is permissible due to the flexibility of the diaphragm. The abutment 18 preferably is of angular shape in cross section with the sides converging to a point with longitudinal flutes in the sides, whereby it will readily pierce and rupture the taggers tin end of the receptacle. Upon the rupturing of said end of the cartridge the abutment will engage the acid receptacle 10 and the pressure of the plunger will impact the abutment against the acid receptacle rupturing or breaking it at the weakened and constricted portion with the consequent uniting of the acid with the soda and the generation of gas, which gas passes out through the ruptured taggers tin end of the outer receptacle of the cartridge into the receptacle 12.

The outer receptacle 11 of the cartridge is of less diameter than the internal diameter of the cartridge carrier 12, and it will be obvious that the fire extinguishing liquid will pass through the siphon tube into the pocket 22 of the receptacle 12 to at least partially fill the latter; as the generated gas passes through the ruptured taggers tin end it enters into the receptacle 12 and passes through the-space between the walls of the receptacle 12 and the cartridge and operates to expel any liquid in the receptacle 12 through the siphon tube until such time as the port 20 in said tube is uncovered by the liquid when the gas will pass through said perforation directly into the reservoir. It is possible that as the gas generating materials unite a portion of the resultant mixture may be thrown off with the generated gas. However, such mixture of the gas generating materials is of less specific gravity than the fire extinguishing liquid and will remain on the surface of such liquid which may be in the receptacle 12 and will become pocketed in the portion of the pocket 22 below the siphon perforation 20 when such perforation is uncovered preventing the discharge of such residue into the fire extinguishing liquid in the reservoir and the discharge thereof with such liquid. The discharge of such residue is not detrimental to the extinguishing of fires, but it would be destructive of such articles as wearing apparel, draperies and the like with which it might come in contact, While the fire extinguishing liquid will not affect such articles.

It will be Obvious that by the use of the hermetically sealed gas generating charge carrying cartridge set forth that the extinguisher may be moved to variable positions and inverted Without any possibility of the materials uniting, or the fire extinguishing liquid coming in contact with such materials and the possible deterioration of the same; and that when it is de sired to utilize the extinguisher the cartridge may be readily ruptured and the gas generating materials caused to unite. Furthermore by the use of the diaphragm the possibility of leakage of the generated gas and the consequent loss of the expelling pressure through the mounting of the plunger is obviated. The cartridge is supported in the receptacle 12 upon projections 14 to provide a space for the passage of the gas to the pocket 22.

Having thus described my invention, I claim: 7

1. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid and having an opening; a removable cover for the opening; a plunger carried by the cover; a receptacle open at one end carried by the cover having an outlet into the reservoir; a cartridge in the receptacle carrying gas generating materials in a separated condition; and means interposed between the open end ot' the receptacle and cover to seal the plunger from the receptacle, said means being operable by the plunger and having means to rupture the cartridge for the purpose specified.

2. In a fire extinguisher, the combination oi a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid and having an opening and 'a discharge outlet; a cover for the opening; a cartridge to carry gas generating materials in a separated condition; a closed carrier for said cartridge having a flexible closure at one end and an outlet opening into the reservoir and arranged to be suspended from the cover; and a plunger operable to flex the closure to rupture the cartridge to cause the gas generating materials to unite and generate gas for the purpose specified.

3. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid. and having an opening and a discharge out-let; a cover for said opening, a cartridge comprising sealed receptacles one Within the other and carrying gas generating materials; a carrier for said cartridge having a flexible closure at one end suspended from the cover in the reservoir and having an outlet opening into the reservoir; and a plunger operable to rupture the receptacles of the cartridge through movement impart ed thereby to the flexible closure to cause the.

gas generating materials to unite and generate gas for the purpose specified.

4. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid and having an opening and a discharge outlet; a cover for the opening, a cartridge to carry gas generating materials in a separated condition, comprising a sealed receptacle of frangible material converging from both ends to the center to carry one of the gas generating materials, and a second sealed receptacle having a rupturable closure in which the first receptacle is inclosed and carrying another gas generating material; a closed receptacle to carry said cartridge having a flexible closure arranged to be connected to the cover to be suspended therefrom in the reservoir and having an outlet opening into the reservoir; and a plunger carried by the reservoir cover operable to flex the flexible closure to rupture the receptacles of the cartridge to cause the gas generating materials to unite and generate gas for the purpose specified.

5. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir for a fire extinguishing liquid and having a discharge outlet; a receptacle having an open end and supportedirom its open end in the reservoir and the support serving as a closure for said open end, said receptacle having an outlet into the reservoir; a cartridge to carry gas generating materials in separated condition carried Within said receptacle, said cartridge comprising a sealed receptacle of frangible material to carry an acid, and a second. sealed receptacle in which the first receptacle is inclosed and carrying a dry substance packed around the acid receptacle; a plunger car ried by the reservoir operable to rupture both receptacles of the cartridge; and a diaphragm interposed between the end of the receptacle and plunger for the purpose specified. v

6. In a fire extinguisher, the combination. of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid having an opening and a discharge outlet; a cover for the reservoir opening; a cartridge to carry gas generating materials in a separated condition comprising sealed receptacles one Within the other and each carrying a gas generating material; an open end receptacle connected to the cover and the latterserving as a closure for the open end of the receptacle to support the cartridge in the reservoir and having an outlet into the reservoir; and plunger actuated means carried by the reservoir cover operable to rupture the receptacles ot the cartridge for the purpose specified.

7. In a fire extinguisher. the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid having an opening and a discharge outlet; acover for the reservoir opening; a

gas generator comprising an open end receptacle connected to the cover carrying gas generating materials in separate sealed receptacles therein and having an outlet opening into the reservoir; a plunger carried by the reservoir cover to have longitudinal movement and operable from the exterior of the reservoir to rupture the gas-generating material carrying receptacles in the generator; and means to seal the plunger from the generated gas for the purpose specified.

8. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid having an opening and a discharge.

outlet; a gas generator comprising an open end receptacle suspended from the cover carrying gas generating materials in separate sealed receptacles therein and having an outlet opening into the reservoir; a plunger carried by the reservoir cover to have longitudinal movement and operable from the exterior of the reservoir; and a diaphragm interposed between the generator and plunger to seal the plunger from the generator and the generated gas; and said plunger through the diaphragm being operable to rupture the gas-generating material carrying receptacles in the generator, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid and having an outlet; a receptacle having an open. end whereby it is adapted to be detachably secured to a support in the reservoir, said receptacle having a port opening into the reservoir; a diaphragm interposed between the open end of the receptacle and its support; a cartridge carrying gas generating materials one sealed from the other; and a plunger at the side of the diaphragm opposite to the receptacle operable to rupture the cartridge for the purpose specified.

10. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing material and having an outlet; a receptacle having an open end whereby it is adapted to be detachably secured to a support in the reservoir, said receptacle having a port opening into the reservoir; a diaphragm interposed between the open end of the recep tacle and its support; a cartridge carrying gas generating materials one sealed from the other; a plunger at the side of the diaphragm opposite to the receptacle; and an abutment at the side of the diaphragm opposite to the plunger and operable by the plunger through the diaphragm to rupture the cartridge for the purpose specified.

11. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing material having a discharge outlet and an opening; a removable cover for the opening, said cover having an annular flange adapted to be located within the reservoir; a receptacle having an open end adapted to be detachably secured to the cover flange and having a port opening into the reservoir; a diaphragm interposed between the cover flange and open end of the receptacle and serve as a closure for the receptacle; a sealed cartridge in the receptacle carrying gas generating materials in a separated condition; and a plunger mounted in the cover at the side of the diaphragm opposite to the receptacle operable to rupture the cartridge to cause the gas generating materials to finite and generate gas for the purpose speci- 12. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing material having a discharge outlet and an opening; a removable cover for the opening, said cover having an annular flange adapted to be located Within the reservoir; a receptacle having an openend adapted to be detachably secured to the cover flange and having a port opening into the reservoir; a diaphragm interposed between. the cover flange and open end of the receptacle and serving as a closure for the receptacle; a sealed cartridge in the receptacle carryinggas generating materials in a separated condition; a plunger mounted in the cover at the side of the diaphragm opposite to the receptacle; an abutment at the side of the diaphragm opposite to the plunger, said abutment being adapted to be impinged against the cartridge by the plunger and arranged to rupture the cartridge as it is impinged for the purpose specified.

13. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid and having a discharge outlet; a cartridge to carry gas generating materials in a separated condition; means to rupture the cartridge; and a tubular carrier for said cartridge in the reservoir having a pocket with an outlet from said pocket into the reservoir for the purpose specified.

14. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid and having a discharge outlet; a hermetically sealed cartridge carrying gas generating materials one within the other; 5 means to rupture the cartridge; and a tubular carrier for said cartridge having means to detachably secure the same to a support in the reservoir, said carrier having an outlet into the reservoir through a siphon tube 120 located in a pocket in the carrier for the purpose specified.

15. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid and having a discharge outlet; a her- 125 metically sealed cartridge carrying gas generating materials one within the other; means to rupturethe cartridge; and a tubular carrier for said cartridge having means to detachably secure the same to a support 130 in the reservoir, said carrier having a pocket in the bottom with a perforated siphon tube therein having the inlet end adjacent and the outlet end leading through the bottom of the pocket for the purpose specified.

16. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extinguishing liquid and having a discharge outlet; a hermetically sealed cartridge carrying gas generating materials one within the other; an open end receptacle to carry said cartridge having means to detachably secure the same to a support in the reservoir, said receptacle having a pocket in the bottom with a perforated siphon tube in the pocket having the inlet end adjacent and the outlet end leading into the reservoir through the bottom of the pocket; a plunger mounted in the reservoir to have longitudinal movement and operable from the ex terior of the reservoir; and a diaphragm interposed between the open end of the cartridge carrying receptacle and the plunger mounting, said diaphragm carrying means operable through the plunger to rupture the cartridge for the purpose specified.

17. In a fire extinguisher, the combination of a reservoir to contain fire extingushing liquid and having a discharge outlet; a hermetically sealed cartridge carrying gas gen erating materials one within the other; an open end receptacle to carry said cartridge adapted to be detachably secured to a support in the reservoir and having an outlet into the reservoir; a plunger mounted in the reservoir to have longitudinal movement and operable from the exterior of the reservoir; and a diaphragm interposed between the open end of the cartridge carrying receptacle and the plunger and its mounting, said diaphragm carrying means operable through the plunger to rupture the cartridge for the purpose specified.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county of New York and State of-New York this 18th day of February, 1918.

GEO. T. PEARSONS.