US1362515A

US1362515A - A cobpoba

Info

Publication number: US1362515A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1920-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 1937-12-14

Description

' R. SUCZEK.

' EJECTOR CONTROL.

ARPLICATIONI'ILED Aua.2(. 1917.

1,362,515. I fl l'wd Dec. 14, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

" multi-stage ejector.

UNITED STATES PATENT ormca MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,

'I'ION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

Specification of 'Letters Patent.

A CORPORA- EJ'ECTOR CONTROL.

Patented Dec. 14, 1920.

Application filed August 27, 1917. Serial No. 188,311.

multi-sta'ge type, for any suitable purpose,

but particularly. for controlling the steam ormotive fluid consumption in accordance with variations in thetemperature or pressure of the medium against whose pressure the ejector apparatus operates.

My invention resides in apparatus of the character referred to in which the'motive fluid or steam consumption of the ejector apparatus is controlled, in response to changesin temperature or pressure of the medium causing, the back pressure upon the ejector apparatus, the controlling apparatus comprising a valve controlling delivery of mo jtive fluid or steam to the ejector, the position of the valve being determined by the pressure against which the ejector delivers.

The aforementioned valve may controlthe motive fluid supplied to a single stage ejector, to a plurality of stages of multi-stage ejector apparatus, or to any one stage of a 'For' an illustration of some of the many forms my invention "may take, and for an understanding of my method, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings,

in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of apparatus, embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view, on en:

-larged scale, of the automatically controlled valve mechanism.

Fig. 0

' in section, of a modified form of my control apparatus. M

Fig. 4 is a verticalsectional view, on enlar ed scale of part of the apparatus shown in %i 3.

Rei ning to Figs. 1 and 2, T represents a steam engine such as a steam turbine, driving the load G,,which is represented as an electric generator, the steam exhausted from the turbine '1 being delivered downwardly is a side elevational iew, partly.-

through the connection a into the condenser C, of any suitable type or construction, in which the condensable vapors are condensed into liquid collecting in the Well I), from which it is drawn off by pump or other suit able means through the outlet 0.

'As well understood in the art of steam engineering, it is desirable to maintain within the condenser C in the space in which condensation takes place a suitably high vac uum, and for this purpose I provide ejector apparatus E, in this instance illustrated as of double stage structure.

The ejector apparatus delivers into the auxiliary condenser D in which are condensed the steam or motive fluid from the ejector apparatus and, any condensable vapors Withdrawn thereby from the condenser C. The condenser D may also be simulta neously used for condensing steam or the like from any other source. The condensate in the auxiliary condenser D accumulates in the hotwell d, from which it is drawn off by any suitable means through the outlet 0, and the non-condensable gases or vapors are withdrawn or escape through the outlet A connection 9 conducts the non-condensable vapors and air fromthe condense-r0 to the suction chamber hot the first stage of the ejector apparatus having the steam or motive fluid nozzle i, or a plurality oiKsuch nozzles, and the diffuser. or combining tube j delivering into the second stage ejector having the motive fluid or steam nozzle k, or a. plurality of such nozzles, and the diffuser m delivering through the connection a into the. aforementioned auxiliary condenser D. A; pipe 0, commumcating with sage 8 an vthe oonnectionwcommunicating with the nozzle structure 70-01 the second stage ejector. Tllvalve v is secured upon the valve rod or stem :v upon whose 11 per end rests or is secured the chamber 3 which also rests upon the spring 2 whose lower end rests upon theltop of the valvechamber a The chamber 3/ is closed to the atmosphere and communicates at its upper end through the connection and the flexible tube or pipe 0 with the space within the auxiliary condenser in which condensation takes place. At its lower end the chamber 3/ communicates through the flexible tube or. pipe d with the lower end of the stationary reservoir 6 In the chamber 3 and reservoir 0 is a mass of mercury or any other suitable material 7.

The operation is as follows:

-The exhaust steam from the turbine T is condensed in the condenser C and the air and uncondensable vapors are withdrawn from the condenser C by the ejector apparatus through the connection. g, by the well known action of the/motive fluid jet or jets issuing from the nozzle structure firststage ejector. The first stage motive fluid and the gas or vapor removed from the condenser C through thecoimection g are delivered at increased pressure through the first stage ldifl'user j into the suction chamber of the second stage ejector, where they are operated upon by the jet or jets from the nozzle structure 7.? and further raised in pressure and delivered into the auxiliary condenser D, where the motive fluid and all condensable vapors are condensed while the gases and uncondensable vapors pass out through the connection 7.

The pressure within the condenser D is the back pressure against which the ejector apparatus is compelled to operate and the pressure to which the uncondensable vapors and gases from the condenser C must be raised by the ejector apparatus.

As the pressure within the condenser D increases for any cause, the pressure upon the top of the mercury f in chamber 3 will correspondingly increase, thereby forcing some of the mercury through the flexible connection. d back into the reservoir 6*, until a balance is reached between the pressure upon the top of the mercury .in the chamber y and atmospheric pressureless the pres sure represented by the difference in height of the levels of mercury in the chamber y and reservoir 6 the reservoir a being open to atmosphere. This decreases the Weight "upon the spring a, and the chamber 3 and the valve rod w rise, thereby moving the valve '25 away from its seats a and o and thereby in creasing the amount of steam delivered through the connection to to the nozzle structure 71: of the second. stage ejector apparatus,

thereby causing the ejector apparatus suitably to res ond to the increased pressure in c ndenser to enable theejector apparatus to, raise the pressure of the gases and uncondensable vapors from the condenser C to such pressure.

Similarly, when the pressure within the condenser D decreases for any cause, the

of the under side of the piston is.

worl: to be performed by the ejector apparatus is diminished, and therefore less motive fluid is required, and to adjust the moti ve fluid supply to such decreased load, and thereby economize motive fluid, mercury will be drawn into the chamber 3/, increasing the weight of the chamber, thereby compressing the spring a and moving the valve 2? toward its seats and so suitably diminishing the amount of motive fluid d livered to the second stage ejector.

The normal position of the valve 15 for any given operatin conditions may be determined by introducing or withdrawing mercury from the system and thereby determining, the load upon the spring and therefore the position of the valve t.

\Vhile the valve t controls only the motive fluid delivered to the second stage of the ex- .ample illustrated, it will be understood that the motive fluid supplied to the first stage apparatus may also be controlled by the valve t, in which case the pipe p will communicate with the pipe 10 instead of with the pipe 0. Or the nozzle structure is of the second stage may communicate directly with the pipe 0 and the valve t employed to control the steam si'lpplied'to the first stage nozzle structure.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, double stage ejector apparatus is again illustrated, it being understood that the suction chamber connection communicates with the con denser and that the diffuser m of the second stage delivers into the auxiliary condenser D. In this case the steam or motive fluid is delivered through the valve 9 through the connection If to one side of the valve 25 secured upon valve rod or stem on extending through the stufiing box 1' into the interior of the chamber j where it is.

1) increases for any cause thereby requiring the ejector apparatus to perform more work in raising the elastic fluid from the condenser C to such pressure, the pressure on the upper side of the piston]: will increase and it will descend to such position thatthe pressure on its top. including the weight of the valve mechanism, is balanced by the spring 2- and atmospheric pressure on the This causes the valve t to move farther away from its seats and allow more steam to pass through the' connection it through the valve 25 and through the connection to to the nozzle structures of both the first and second stages, enabling the ejector apparatus to com ress the elastic fluid from the condenser to the correspondingly higher pressure in the condenser .D.

And similarly when the pressure within the condenser D decreases, therefore requiring the ejector apparatus to do less Work and therefore requiring less motive fluid,

the piston is will rise and move the valve t toward its seats and thereby decrease the motive fluid delivered through the connection to to the nozzle structures of the first and second stages.

Here again it will be understood that the motive fluid supply to the first stage apparatus may be independent of control by the valve t; and that the valve t may control the supply of steam or motive fluid to the first stage, and the second stage may receive its motive fluid independently of the valve t. From the foregoing description it will be understood that I' have provided automatic means for changing the motive fluid consumption of ejector apparatusin response to changes in the pressure agalnst whlch the ejector apparatus is compelled to de liver the uncondensable vapors and gases to be compressed, it being understood that such pressure may be equal to, greater or less than atmospheric pressure.

While I have hereinbefore more particularly described the control as responsive to changes in the pressure against which the ejector apparatus operates, that is, changes in back pressure upon the ejector apparatus,

it will be understood that such back pressure is in many cases dependent upon or varies with changes'in temperature of the medium causing such back pressure. Accordingly, my apparatus hereinbefore described is not only responsive to changes in the aforementioned back pressure, but is also responsive to changes in temperature of the medium causing that back pressure, and is therefore also thermostatic apparatus. For example, a change in the temperature of the cooling water for the condenser D will cause a change in temperature 'Within the condenser D, and as a result of such change in tem erature the pressure within within the condenser D. r

Therefore it will be understood that the appended claims refer equally well to variations in back pressure upon the ejector apparatus and to changes in temperature of the medium causingthat back pressure, that is, refer equally well to thermostatic and pressure responsive control apparatus.

What I, claim is: e

1. The method of compressing elastic fluid against a varying'back pressure, which consists in entraining and raising the pressure of said elastic fluid by an elastic motive fluid, and varyinglthe amount of said motive fluid in accordance with variations in the back pressure exerted by the fluid to whose pressure the elastic fluid is compressed.

2. The method of compressing elastic fluid against varying back pressure, which consists .in entraining 'and compressing said elastic fluid by elastic motive fluid, and increasing said motive fluid with increase in taining elasticfluid variable in pressurebe low vatmospheric pressure, of e ector apparatus for extracting from said chamber said elastic fluid varying in pressure and for compressing the same against a varying back pressure, means for supplying motive fluid to said ejector apparatus, and means responsive to variations in back pressure upon said ejector'apparatus for varying the supply of said motive fluid to said ejector apparatus in direct ratio to said variations in back ressure.

4;. The com ination with an ejector, of means for supplying motive. fluid thereto, and means responsive to increase and decrease in back pressure on said ejector for respectively increasing and decreasing the supply of motive fluid thereto.

5. The combination with an ejector, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve controlling said motive fluid, and means responsive to increase in back pressure upon said ejector opening said valve.

6. The combination with an ejector, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve controlling said motive fluid, a chamber maintained at a pressure corresponding with the back pressure upon said ejector, means for supplying liquid to and removing liquid from said chamber in response to decrease and increase in said pressure, respectively, the supply of motive fluid under control of said valve increasing and decreasing with decrease and increase, re-

spectively, of the amount of liquid in said chamber.

7, The combination with an ejector, of a condenserinto which said ejector discharges, a chamber subjected to the pressure in said condenser, means for supplying liquid to and removing liquid from said chamber in response to variations in'said pressure, a valve controlling the supply of motive fluid to said ejector responsive to change in weight of said chamber, the supply of motive fluid under control of sald valve increasing and decreasing with increase and decrease, respectively, in the weight of said chamber. I

8. The combination with double stage ejector apparatus, of means for supplying motive fluid, and means responsive to the back pressure on the second stage ejector controlling the supply of said motivefluid.

9. The combination with double stage ejector apparatus, of means for supplying motive fluid, and means responsive to the back pressure on the second stage ejector controlling the supply of said motive fluid.

to the second stage ejector.

10. The combination with double stage ejector apparatus, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, valve-mechanism controlling the supply of said motive fluid, and

means responsive to the back pressure on the second stage ejector controlling said valve mechanism.

11. The combination with double stage ejector apparatus, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, valve mechanism controlling supply of said motive fluidwto the second stage ejector, and means responsive to changes in the back pressure of the second stage ejector controlling said valve mechanism.

12. The combination with a condenser, of ejector apparatus for removing elastic fluid therefrom, means for supplying motive fluid to said ejector apparatus, a second condenser into which said ejector apparatus discharges, and means responsive to changes in pressure in said second condenser controlling the supply of said motive fluid.

13. The combination with a condenser, of ejector apparatus for removing elastic fluid therefrom, means for supplying motive fluid to said ejector apparatus, a second condenser into which said ejector apparatus discharges, a valve controlling said motive fluid, and means responsive to pressure in said second condenser controlling said valve.

14. The combination with an ejector, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve controlling said motive fluid, a chamber maintained at a pressure corresponding with the back pressure upon said ejector, a reservoir containing liquid, and a liquid connection between said reservoir and said chamber, "the pressure upon the liquid in said reservoir being constant, the position of said valve being determined by the amount of liquid in said chamber.

15. The combination with an ejector, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve controlling said motive fluid, a chamber maintained at a pressure corresponding with the back pressure upon said means ejector, areservoir open to the atmosphere containing liquid, and a liquid connection between said reservoir and said chamber, the position of said valve being determined by the amount of liquid in said chamber.

16. The combination with an ejectoryof means for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve controlling said motive fluid, achamber, a mechanical connection between said chamber and said valve whereby they move in unison, means supporting said chamber and responding to changes in weight there'- of to effect movement of said valve, means for maintaining in said chamber a pressure corresponding with the back pressure on said ejector, a reservoir containing liquid, and a liquid connection between said reservoir and said chamber.

17. The combination with an ejector, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve controlling said motive fluid, a chamber, a mechanical connection between said chamber and said valve whereby they move in unison, means supporting said chamber and responding to changes in Weight thereof to effect movement of said valve, means for maintaining in said chamber a pressure corresponding with the back pressure on said ejector, a stationary reservoir containing liquid, and a liquid connection between said reservoir and said chamber.

18. The combination with an ejector, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve controlling said motive fluid, a chamher, a mechanical connection between said chamber and said valve whereby they move in unison, means supporting said chamber and responding to changes in weight there of to effect movement of said valve, means for maintaining in said chamber apressure corresponding with the back pressure on said ejector, a reservoir containing liquid, and a liquid connection between said reservoir and said chamber, said reservoir being open to the atmosphere. 1 v

'19. The combination with an ejector, of means for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve controlling said motive fluid, a chamber, a mechanical connection between said chamber and said valve whereby they move in unison, means supporting said chamber and responding to changes in weight thereof to effect movement of said valve, means for maintaining in said chamber a pressure corresponding with the back pressure on said ejector, a reservoir containing liquid, and a liquid connection between said reservoir and said chamber, the pressure upon the liquid in said reservoir being constant.

20. The combination with a condenser, of a plurality of serially connected ejectors for removing elastic fluid therefrom, means for supplying motive fluid to said ejectors, a second condenser into which a later stage ejector of said ejectors discharges, and means responsive to changes of pressure in said second condenser controlling the supply of said motive fluid.

21. The combination with a condenser, of a plurality of serially connected ejectors for removing elastic fluid therefrom, means for supplying motive fluid to said,ejectors, a second condenser into which a later stage ejector of said ejectors discharges, and

means responsive to changes of pressure in said second condenser controlling the motive fluid su plied to said later stage ejector.

22. T e combination with a steam condenser, of ejector apparatus for extracting uncondensable elastic fluid therefrom, means for supplying motive fluid to said ejector apparatus, a second condenser receiving condensable fluid from said ejector apparatus and from another source, and means responsive to pressure changes in said second condenser controlling the supply of motive fluid to said ejector apparatus.

23. The combination with a condenser, of means delivering thereto condensable vapor varying inamount, ejector apparatus for withdrawing from said condenser uncondensable elastic fluid, means for supplying motive fluid to said ejector apparatus, a second condenser receivlng condensable fluid from said ejector apparatus and from' another source, and means responsive to the pressure in said'second condenser controlling supply :of motive fluid to said ejector apparatus.

24. The combination with a condenser, of means delivering thereto condensable vapor varying in amount, plural stage ejector apparatus for withdrawing from said condenser uncondensable elastic fluid, means for supplying motive fluid to said ejector appa-' ratus, a second condenser receiving condensable fluid from a later stage ejector of said ejector apparatus, and means responsive to pressure changes in said second condenser controlling the total of the motive fluid supplied to said ejector apparatus.

25. The combination with a condenser, of means delivering thereto condensable vapor varying in amount, plural stage ejector apparatus for withdrawing from said condenser uncondensable elastic flui'd, means for supplying motive fluid to said e ector apparatus, a second condenser receiving condensable fluid from a later stage ejector of said ejector apparatus and from another source, and means responsive to pressure changes in said second condenser controlling the total ofthemotive fluid supplied to said.

ejector a'pparatus- 26. The method of conveying elastic fluid, which comprises entraining the fluid from a region of low pressure by elastic fluid, de

livering said fluids to a region of higher pressure, and increasing the supply ofmotive fluid with increase in pressure in said region of higher pressure.

27 The method of removing elastic fluid.

In testimonyv whereof I have hereunto.-

afiixed my signature this 24" day of August, 1917. i

ROBERT sUozEK.