US1357760A

US1357760A - Process and apparatus for preparing paper-making stock

Info

Publication number: US1357760A
Application number: US318909A
Authority: US
Inventors: Carlton H Allen; Edward J Trimbey
Original assignee: Great Northern Paper Inc
Current assignee: Great Northern Paper Inc
Priority date: 1919-08-21
Filing date: 1919-08-21
Publication date: 1920-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 1937-11-02

Description

C. H. ALLEN AND E. J. TRIMBEY.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER MAKING STOCK.

AFPLICAIIDN men Aue.2|, 1919.

1,357,760, Patented Nov. 2, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

15 ql? f C. H. ALLEN AND E. J. TRiMBEY.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER MAKING STOCK.

APPUCATION men AUG.2I,|91EI.

1,357,760. Patent/ed Nov. 2, 1920.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

C. H. ALLEN AND E. J TRIMBEY.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER MAKING STOCK.

APPLICATION FILED AuG.2I, I919.

1,357,760. Patented Nov. 2, 1920.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARLTON H. ALLEN AND EDWARD J. TRIMIBEY, 0F MILLINOCKET, M INE, AssIoNoRs or o E-HALE ro GREAT NORTHERN PAPER COMPANY, or MILLINOCKET, MAINE,

A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER-MAKING STOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2 gage.

Application filed August 21, 1819. Serial No. 818,969.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, CAnL'roN H. ALLEN and EDWARD J. TRIMBEY, citizens of the United States, and both residing in Milllnocket, in the county of P'enobscot and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Processes and Apparatus for Preparing Paper-Makin Stock, of which the followin is a speci cation.

This invention re ates to processes and apparatus for preparing a mixture, contamlng in p roper proportions and roperly mixed, the various ingredients of t e stock used in paper making. Heretofore, so far as we are aware, it has been the practice to prepare batches of the stock by placing in heaters or mixing tanks the correct proportions of the paper making ingredients, such as sulfite, ground wood, clay, color, alum, size, etc. These ingredients are then mlxed by agltators, or otherwise and the mixture is drawn off to the Jordan or machine chests and a new batch is prepared in the same manner.

The present invention aims to devise a continuous process which will take the place of the intermittent or batch process heretofore practised and to devise a suitable apparatus with which the process of this invention can be conveniently practised.

The invention will be readily understood from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which5' Figure 1 is a view, somewhat diagrammatic, illustrating the general arrangement of an apparatus for practising this invention; 7

Fig. 2 is an angular view showing the means by which the proportioning and mixing of the various ingredients is eifected;

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross sectional View through a part of the apparatus shown in Fi 2;

ig. 4 is an angular view showing a part of an automatic controlling mechanism which preferably forms a part of the apparatus;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation showing a part of the mechanism shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing another automatic controlling mechanism; and

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the general organization of the controlling mechanism that includes the parts shown in F1 4 and 5. v

s above stated, the present invention subst tutes for the batch process heretofore practised a continuous process. That is, we contlnuously Cpour into a common receiver or trough lea ing to the Jordan or machine chest, or other storage reservoir, properly proportioned streams of the materials necessary to make a stock of the desired compositlon for use in paper making machines. The various ingredients are in a fluid state; that is, they are mixed with or dissolved in water so that when the are poured into the common trou h the ingredients become intimately mixed y the interference of the stream lines and they thus reach the storage chest properly mixed and ready for delivery to the paper making wire. Provision is made 1n the apparatus for increasing or decreasing the volumes of materials delivered by the individual streams so that the total volume of the prepared stock can be increased or decreased to suit the requirements of the machines in operation without stopping the continuity of the mixing operation. Provision is also made for varying the flow of the sulfite soft stock or ground wood soft stock to maintain a substantially uniform proportion of dry sulfite and dry ground wood in the mixture delivered to the wire, notwithstanding variations in the consistency of these soft stocks.

Any suitable means for carrying out this process may be adopted but the apparatus shown in the accompanying drawin s constitutes on the whole the best mode 0 which we are aware of applying the method.

The general arrangement of the larger units 0 apparatus is shown dia ammatically in Fig. 1. The ground WOO and sulfite pulp are mixed in the usual manner with a suitable quantity of water to-form what is termed 1n the trade soft stock. This stock usually consists of from 2% to 5% of pulp and the remainder water, and it is supplied to suitable vats from any convenient source. In Fig. 1, 2 indicates the ground Wood soft stock vat, and 3 the sulte soft stock vat. The ground wood soft stock is forced by the pump 4 through the pipe 5 and the valves 6 and 7 into a re latingtan'k 8 provided with an adjusta 1e overflow (lam 9. In a similar manner the sulfite soft stock is forced by a pump 10 through a pipe '1 and

valves

12 and 13 into a regulating tank 14 havin an adjustable overflow dam 15. Balile p ates 16 and 17 are placed in the

respective tanks

8 and 14 to reduce the velocity of the soft stock where it enters the tanks. The stock overflowing the

dams

9 and 15 is returned to the

respective vats

2 and 3 by

return spouts

18 and 19, respectively.

The soft stocks delivered to the

tanks

8 and 14, in the manner just described, are discharged from these tanks through

spouts

24 and 25, respectively, Fig. 2. The individual streams of the fluid mixtures are directed into a common trough 20 in which they become mixed and flow through a spout 21 into a storage reservoir or chest 22 from which they are delivered by the pipe 23 to the paper making machines. As clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the

spouts

24 and 25 consist simply of troughs of rectangular cross section. In fact, in the construction shown in the drawings, the two troughs are simply separated by a partition 26 forming a continuation of the partition 27 which separates the

tanks

8 and 14. Each trough is provided with an adjustable top which can'be raised or lowered to vary the cross sectional area of the outlet opening of the spout, the top of the spout 24 being shown at 28 and that for the spout 25 at 29. These two tops, however, are rigidly connected by brackets 30-30, and an adjusting mechanism operating directly on the top 28 is arranged to raise and lower these tops, the brackets 30-30 operating to cause the two tops to move up and down in unison.

This adjustment mechanism comprises two threaded

rods

31 and 32, on which are threaded

gears

33 and 34, respectively, each havin internal threads to engage the threa s of the

respective rods

31 and 32 and both mounted to rotate on suitable supports but held against vertical movement. Another gear 35, having the same number of teeth as the

gears

33 and 34 and located between them, meshes with both the latter gears and has a handwheel 36 secured thereto by which it can be rotated. It is obvious that when the handwheel 36 is revolved the

gears

33 and 34 will both be rotated in the same direction, and since these gears are restrained from vertical movement the ro tation thus imparted to them will operate through the threaded

rods

31 and 32 to raise and lower the tops 28 and 29 of the spouts. The total volume of the pulp discharged through the spouts thus is controlled without changing the relative pro portions of the two kinds ot pulp.

For the purpose of varying, as may be desired, the relative proportions of the and 45.

round wood and sulfite soft stocks in the nal mixture, there is secured to the forward end of the spouts, and immediately in front of the partition 26, a plate 38. Bolts 39 projecting through horizontal slots formed in the plate secure it in its operative position and permit adjustment of the plate laterally to cover more or less of the discharge ends of either of the

spouts

24 or 25, as may be desired. In other words, the cross sectional areas of the

spouts

24 and 25 can be relatively changed, as desired, by making a suitable adjustment of the plate 38 to determine the relative proportions of the ground wood and sulfite in the final mixtures. The

spouts

24 and 25 furthermore are constructed and proportioned in accordance with Patent Nof 1,178,973, granted April 11, 1916, to E. J. 'lrimbey, so that the frictional resistance offered by the spout to the flow of the soft stock therethrough will be inversely proportioned to the consistency of the soft stock. Thus an approximately constant equivalent weight of dry sulfite or ground wood pulp will be discharged through each spout per unit of time, for any given adjustment of their cross sectional areas, notwithstanding variations in the quantity of water with which the pul is mixed; or, in other words, notwithstand ing varlations in the consistency of the soft stock.

Furthermore, the lengths of the

overflow dams

9 and 15 are made approximately proportional to the avera e proportion of the ground wood and sul te used in the complete mixture so that when the flow of stock to the paper machines is materiall reduced for any reason and the overflow 0 both the ground wood and sulfite soft stocks are correspondingly increased, there will be the same increase in the depths of stock passing over the two overflow dams.

A scale 40, Fig. 2, on the upper edge of the plate 38 acts as a gage to show the relative proportions of ground wood and sulfite being used in the mixture.

It will now be understood that when the apparatus is in operation continuous streams of ground wood and sulfite soft stocks will be discharged through the

spouts

24 and 25 in predetermined proportions, these streams falling into the trough or receiver 20 where they will be intimately mixed as they flow into the receptacle22.

The other ingredients used, SllOllllS clay, color, alum, size, etc, are added in dilute liquid form. For the clay or other filler a weir box 42, Fig. 2, is used, the mixture of clay and water being supplied to the box through a pipe 43 controlled by valves 44 An adjustable overflow dam 46 maintains a predetermined level of. the mixture in the box or tank, and the spout 47 returns the overflow to the source of supply. One side or wall 48 of the weir is stationary while the other side consists of a movable plate '49 mounted to slide in suitable-ways and connected by a link 50 to one arm of a bell crank lever 51, the other arm of this lever being connected by a link 52 to the adjustable top 28 of the spout 24, so that as this top is raised or lowered to increase or decrease the proportions of the ground wood and sulfite soft stock, the volume of clay or other filler will be correspondingly increased or decreased. The mixture of clay and water flowing through the weir is conducted into a trough or spout 54 which directs the stream of fluid mixture into the common mixing trough 20.

The same construction used for controlling the flow of clay can also be used for controlling the color added to the stock where the volume required is great enou h to give sufficient accuracy by the use of t e weir. For smaller volumes the color may convenientl be supplied to a regulating tank 55, Figs. 2 and 3, through a pipe 56 controlled by two valves similar to the

valves

44 and 45 for the clay tank. This tank is equipped with an adjustable overflow dam 57 and suitable means for returning the overflow to the supply tank. In the front side of the tank 55 is located a revolving valve 58 mounted to rotate between two stationary abutments curved to fit the peripheral edges of the valve so that normally this valve with its coiiperating abutments prevent any substantial leakage or direct flow from the tank 55. The valve 58 is rotated at a constant speed from any convenient source of power, as for instance mill power belted to the pulley 60, Fig. 3, and as each compartment in the valve comes into communication with the liquid in the tank, the compartment fills to a depth determined by the level within the tank. Further rotation of the valve carries this compartment into alinement with one of the stationary side pieces or abutments, and still further rotation carries the compartment out of contact with the abutment and allows the liquid entrapped in the compartment to How out into a receptacle 61 lying immediately below and in front of the tank 55. From this receptacle the color flows at a relatively constant rate through a notch in the forward edge of the receptacle into the receiver or mixing trough 20.

The adjustable over ow dam 57 is joined by connections 62 to the adjustable top 28 of the ground wood discharge spout 24, so that as this top is raised or lowered to vary the proportion of ground wood soft stock delivered to the receiver 20, the dam 57 for the color tank will also be raised or lowered and, since the volume measured out by the rotating valve 58 is proportional to the depth of the liquid in the tank 55, this adjustment of the dam will vary the volume of the color delivered so as to maintain the desired pro ortions in the final mixture. If it is desire to'vary the proportions of the color and pulp, it is merely necessary to vary the concentration of the color solution or to change the speed of rotation of the valve 56, or to vary the adjustment of the connection. 62.

The size, alum and other ingredients in dilute liquid form, can be added to the stream in the trou h 20 by either of the arrangements above described for adding clay or color. All these ingredients are delivered in fluid form to the spout 20 which preferably is constructed with a V-shaped bottom, as shown in Fi 2, and in flowing through this trough an through the spout 21 the ingredients become intimately mixed by the interference of the stream lines. The final mixture may either flow by gravit or be pumped to the Jordan chests, mac iine chests, or other stora e chests, as desired. In the arrangement 1 lustrated in Fig. 1, the

vats

2 and 3 are located below the level of the regulating tanks from which the streams flow into the trough 20 and the overflow from these tanks is returned to the vats by ravity. It is obvious, however, that it might be more convenient in some plants to locatethe vats above the level of the regulating tanks so that the flow from the vats to the tanks would take place by gravity and the overflow would be pumped ack to the vats.

The

valves

7, 13 and 44, and the corresponding valves for the other regulating tanks used, are hand-operated and are used to control the supply to the various regulating tanks so as to give some excess stock or solution from each tank. In the event that the supply of one of the ingredients should become exhausted, due to any cause, provision is made for automatically cutting oil the supply of all the ingredients and for sounding an alarm to call the attention of the attendant to the trouble. It is for this purpose that the

valves

6, 12 and 45 'are provided and a similar valve arrangement is also provided to control the supply of material to each of the other regulating tanks employed, it being understood that the number of tanks used will vary with the number and nature of the ingredients. In some cases however, it may be possible to mix certain of the ingredients in one vat or source of supply and furnish this mixture to a single regulatin tank and thus reduce the number of tan s employed.

The automatic controlling apparatus just mentioned is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6. In this arrangement the stems of the

valves

6, 12 and 45 are each connected to plungers which work in

cylinders

65, 66 an 67, respectively. Compressed air is supplied to these cylinders through a pipe 68 controlled by a hand-operated valve 69. hen the apparatus is set into operation, therefore, the attendant opens the valve 69 thus admitting compressed air to the several cylinders and opening the

valves

6, 12 ano 45. The valves remain in this condition until they are shut ofi' by the attendant or the supply of one of the ingredients fails. It will be seen that the regulating

tanks

8, 14 and 42 are provided with

floats

70, 71 and 72 respectively, each arranged to operate an electric switch which normally is held open, and any one of which switches, when closed, serves to ener ize a solenoid 73 which actuates a valve 44 that admits compressed air through a. pipe 7 5 to the opposite ends of the

cylinders

65, 66 and 67 and thus closes the

valves

6, 12 and 45 and shuts off the How of the ingredients to the different regulating tanks. The admission of compressed air to the pipe 7 5 also blows a whistle 76 to call the attendants attention to the shut-down. The valves 77 and 78 are relief valves.

While only three of the valves controlling the supply of ingredients to the various regulating tanks are shown, itwill be understood that the flow of other ingredients is controlled in the same manner. The illustration of additional valves, however, is obviously unnecessary to show the arrangement and operation of the system.

It will be clear that this automatic apparatus is in the nature of a safety system since it cuts off, completely the flow of the various ingredients that unite to form the paper mak ng stock whenever the supply of one of these ingredients becomes so far reduced as to affect materially its proportion in the final mixture or. in other words, when this reduction would have an adverse effect on the composition of the paper making stock.

If so many of the paper making machines should be shut down that the mixing apparatus supplies enough excess stock to the tank or vat 22 so that there is danger of overflowing the vat 22, the entire flow of stock may be cut off by a float 80 in the vat 22 arranged to operate a switch 81 which also energizes the solenoid 7 3 when the level of the stock mixture in the receptacle 22 rises above a predetermined height. This mechanism thus operates to shut down the entire mixing apparatus in the same manner that it would be shut down if one of the ingrcdients failed, as above described.

Provision is made for automatically adjusting the volumes of material delivered by the various streams of ingredients in response to the demands of the machines supplied. For this purpose another float 83, Fig. 7. is mounted in the receptacle 22 and controls the position of a contact 84 convenient source of power.

nected with one terminal of a source of electricity, this contact being movable between two other contacts85 and 86, respectively, which are connected to solenoids 87 and 88. The opposite terminals of these solenoids are connected to the other terminal of the source of electricity.

Referring to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the plungers of the two solenoids are connected to the op'posite ends of the cross-bar of a T-shaped lever 89. Springs 90-90 operate on the opposite arms of this lever and tend to hold it in its neutral or middle osition. When the demands of the paper aking machines increase sufficiently to cause a lowering of the level of the float 83 beyond a predetermined point, the movable contact 84 engages the contact 85 thus energizing the solenoid 87 and tipping the lever 89 in a clockwise direction about its fulcrum. This movement will be transmitted through a link 91 to a double-armed swinging pawl 92 which is eccentrically mounted on a shaft 93 that is constantly rotated from some con- The member 92 thus is constantly reciprocated and it carries two pawl points 95 and 96, respectively, arranged to engage with oppositely directed teeth formed on the opposite faces of a ratchet wheel 97 that is mounted fast on a horizontal shaft 98 which rotates in suitable hearings on a support 99 secured to the top of the regulating tank 8. Consequently, when the pawl 92 is swung in the direction indicated. the point 95 will engage the teeth on the left-hand side of the ratchet wheel 97 as the parts appear in Fig. 5, and will rotate the shaft 98. This rotative movement is transmitted through bevel gears 100 to a vertical shaft 101 fast on the shaft on which the handwheel 36 and the gear 35 are mounted. This step by step rotative movement will raise the

adjustable tops

28 and 29 of the

spouts

24 and 25 and effect a corresponding adjustment of the other members controlling the flow of ingredients to the spout 20 and will increase the volume of each of the streams of ingredients.

If, however, some of the paper making machines should be shut down so that the vat 22 filled to an undesirably high point, the float 83 then would be raised, thus moving the contact 84 into engagement with the contact 86 and energizing the solenoid 88 which would operate through the connections above described to move the pawl point 96 into engagement with the right-hand side of the ratchet wheel 97 and thus operate through the connections with the adjustable top 28 to lower this top and decrease the flow of the various ingredients. Upon the interruption of the engagement of the contact 84 with either of the

contacts

85 or 86, the T- shaped lever 89 will be returned to its neutral position by the springs 90-90, thus adjusting stopping or interrupting the adjusting movement of the top 28.

In view of the fact that this step by step mechanism operates rather s owly, it is desirable to use with it a mechanical means for automatically stoppm the adjusting-action after a substantia y predetermined adjustment has been made. Such an arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 4 1n which the shaft 98 is threaded for a ortion of its length to receive a block 102 t at lies fiat against the support 99, or on a plate mounted on said support. This block is provided with two arms arranged to engage opposite sides of a pm 103 secured in the upper end of the lever 89. It will be clear from an inspection of F 1g. 4 that when the lever 89 has been tipped in 'one direction or the other through t e energizing of one or the other of the

solenoids

87 and 88, and the shaft 98 thus is being rotated'step by step to effect an adjustment of the flow of the various ingredlents, this rotation of the shaft will move the block 102 in a direction tending through the engagement of one of the arms onthe block with the pin 103 to restore the lever 89 to its neutral position and this restoring operation will be effected if the electrical apparatus does not itself first produce such a restoration.

, In case a great number of the paper mak ing machines supplied from this mixing apparatus should be shut down at substantially the same time, the flow ad ust1ng mechanism above described might not operate uickly enough to prevent the vat 22 from lling up and overflowing; but any danger from this source is prevented by the safet apparatus operated by the float 80.

W at is claimed as new is:

1. The process of mixing paper making ingredients to form a stock suitable for delivery to pa er making machines whlch consists in ma 'n fluid mixtures or solutions of the several ingredients of the stock, continuously pouring the fluid mixtures or solutions so prepared into a common stream, and proportioning the volumes delivered by the individual streams to cause their union in said common stream to form a paper makin stock of the desired composition.

2. The process of mixing paper making ingredients to form a stock suitable for delivery to paper making machlnes which consists in making fluid mlxtures or solutions of the several in edients of the stock, continuously pouring the fluid mixtures or solutions so prepared into a common stream,

roportionmg the volumes delivered by the Individual streams to cause their union in said common stream to form a paper making stock of the desired composition, continuously delivering the stock so prepared to the aper making machines, and automatically varying the quantities of the individual ingredients of the stock so delivered in response to variations in the requirements of the machines so supplied.

3. The process of mixing pulp soft stock with other paper makin ingredients to make a paper makin stoc suitable for delivery to paper ma ing machines, which consists in makin a fluid mixture or' solu-. tion of each of said other ingredients, continuously pouring a stream of said pulp soft stock into a suitable receiver, continuously pouring into said receiver streams of the other ingredient mixtures or solutions to cause all of said streams to unite to form a common stream in which the ingredients will become mixed to forma paper making stock, automatically varying the volume of the ulp soft stock so delivered to maintain a su stantially uniform proportion of dr pulp in said common stream notwithstan ing variations in the consistency of said soft stock, and proportioning the volumes delivered by the respective streams to cause their unlon into said common stream to form a paper making stock of the desired composition.

4. The process of mixing paper making ingredients to form a stock suitable for delivery to paper making machines which consists in making a suitable fluid mixture or solution of each in redient, said ingredients including groun wood pulp and sulfite pulp, continuously pouring the fluid mixtures or solutions so prepared in individual streams into a common stream leading to the paper making machines, pro ortioning the individual streams to cause t eir union into said common stream to form a paper making stock of the desired composition, and automatically varying the fiow of the ground wood and sulfite soft 'stock streams in accordance with the consistency of said streams to maintain a substantially uniform proportion of dry sulfite and dry ground wood in the stock notwithstanding variations in the amount of water in which the sulfite pulp or ground wood pulp are carried.

5. An apparatus for mixing pa er making ingredients to make a stock 0 suitable composition for delivery to aper making mac ines, comprising, in com ination, a receiver for the prepared stock means for continuously deliverln individual streams of fluid mixtures or so utions of the ingredients to said receiver whereby the ingredients become mixed in said receiver, and means for regulating the proportions of the ingredients so delivere to said receiver to control the composition of the stock so prepared.

6. An apparatus for mixing paper making ingredients to make a stock of suitable composition for delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination a receiver for the prepared stock, means or continuously deliverin individual streams of fluid mixtures or so utiofis of the edients to said receiver whereby the ingre i'ents become mixed in said receiver, means for regulating the proportions of the ingredients so delivered to said receiver to control the composition of the stock so prepared, and means or automatically .yarymg the volumes of the respective ingredients delivered by said individual streams to control the .volume of the prepared stock in accordance with the requirementslof the paper making machines supplied.

An apparatus for mixing pa ingredients to make a stock of suitable composition for ,delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination a receiver for the prepared stock, means or continuously deliverl individual streams of fluid mixtures or so utions of the in redients to said receiver whereby the ingre ients become mixed in said receiver, means for regulating the proportions of the ingredients so delivered to said receiver, to control the com sition of the stock so prepared, and means or automatically stoppin the flow of said streams upon a substantia reduction in the proportion of any of said ingredients. so supplied.

8. An apparatus for mixing ulp soft stock with other ingredients to ma e a stock of suitable composition for delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination, a receiver for the prepared stock, andmeans for delivering into said receiver a continuous stream of said soft stock and continuous streams of fluid mixtures or solutions of said other ingredients, whereby said ingredients become intimatel mixed in said receiver, the means for elivering said stream of pul soft stock being 0 erative to va automatically the volume 0 soft stock delivered by said stream to maintain in the ultimate mixture a substantially constant proportion of dry pulp notwithstandin variations in the consistency of said so t stock.

9. An apparatus for mixing pa er mak ing ingredients to make a stock. 0 suitable composition for delivery to paper making mac ines, comprising, in combination, a series of tanks for the respective in edients, means for continuously delivering uid mixtures or solutions of the ingredients to the respective tanks, and a receiver into which streams from said tanks flow and in which the ingredients thus become mixed preparatory to flowing to said machines.

10. An apparatus for mixing pa er making ingredients to make a stock 0 suitable com osition for delivery to pa r making mac ines, comprising, in com ination, a

series of tanks for the respective in redients,

means for continuously'deliverin uid mixtures or solutions of the ingredients to the r making series of tanks respective tanks, a receiver into which streams from said tanks flow and in which the ingredients thus become mixed preparatory to flowing to said machines, and means whereby the proportions of said ingredients delivered from said tanks to said receiver may be varied to change the composition of the stock formed, by the union of said streams. 11. An apparatus for mixing pa er makmg ingredients to make a stock 0 suitable com osition for delivery to paper making mac mes, comtprising, in combination, a or the respective ingredients, means for continuously delivering fluid mixtures or solutions of the ingredientsto the respective tanks, a receiver into which streams from said tanks flow and in which the ingredients thus become mixed preparatory to flowing to said machines, and means for automatically varying the volume of the ingredients supplied to said receiver in response to the requirements of the machines so supplied.

12. An apparatus for mixing pulp soft stock with other paper making ingredients to form a stock of suitable composition for delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination, a series of tanks for the respective ingredients, means for continuously delivering the soft stock and fluid mixtures or solutions of the other ingredients to their respective tanks, a receiver into which streams from said tanks flow and in which the ingredients thus become mixed preparatory to delivery to said paper making machines, and means for automatically maintaining the relative proportions of said ingredients in the final mixture substantially constant notwithstanding variations in the consistency of the soft stock.

13. An apparatus for mixing pulp and other paper making ingredients to make a stock of suitable composition for delivery to paper making machines, comprisinggin combination, a series of overflow tanks for the respective ingredients, means for deliverin the pulp in the form of soft stock and flui mixtures or solutions of the other ingredients to the respective tanks, at discharge slpout for the soft stock tank through which t e soft stock is discharged from said tank, and a receiver into which the stream from said spout and the streams from the other tanks flow to form a common stream in which the ingredients are mixed preparatory to flowing to the paper making 1nachines, said spout being constructed and proportioned to vary automatically the flow of the soft stock therethrough in inverse proportion to the consistency of said stock.

14. An apparatus for mixinn ground wood and sulfite soft stocks preparatory to delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination, a tank for each of said ingreiii its, each of said tanks being provided with an overflow dam, gneans for continuously delivering said soft stocks to'their respective tanks in uantities suflicient to 6 cause them to over ow said dams, a discharge spout for each ofsaid tanks, said spouts being constructed and proportioned to vary automatically the quantity of stock flowing therethrough in inverse proportion to the consistency of the stock, and a common receiver into which the streams from said spouts flow and in which the ingredients thus become mixed preparatory to flowing to the paper making machines.

15. and sul'fite soft stocks preparatory to delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination, a tank for each of said ingre-- dients, each of said tanks being provided with an overflow dam, means for continuously delivering said soft stocks to their respective tanks in uantities suflicient to cause them to over ow said dams, a discharge spout for each of said tanks, said spouts being constructed and proportioned to vary automatically the quantity of stock flowing therethrough in inverse proportion to the consistency of the stock, a common receiver into which the streams from said spouts flow and in which the ingredients thus become mixed preparatory to flowing to the paper making machines, and means for automatically varying the volume oi the soft stocks delivered from said tanks in accordance with the requirements of the paper makin machines supplied therefrom.

16. n apparatus for mixing ground Wood and sulfite soft stocks preparatory to delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination, a tank for each of said ingre' clients, each of said tanks being provided with an overflow dam, means for continuously delivering said soft stocks to their respective tanks in uantities suflicient to cause them to over ow said dams, a discharge spout for each of said tanks, said spouts being constructed and proportioned to vary automatically the quantity of stock flowing therethrough in inverse proportion to the consistency of the stock, a common receiver into which the streams from said spouts flow and in which the ingredients thus become mixed preparatory to flowing to the paper making machines,the lengths of said overflow dams for the ground wood and sulfite soft stock tanks being substantially proportional to the avera e proportions of the ground wood and sul te stocks used in the pa er making stock. I

17. n apparatus for mixing paper making ingredients to make a stock of suitable composition for delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination, a receptacle for the prepared stock, means for con 65 tinuously delivering streams of fluid mixn apparatus for mixing ground wood tures or solutions of said ingredients to said receptacle so delivered to control the position of the stock so prepared, and means for automatically stopping the flow of said stream when said receptacle becomes filled above a substantially predetermined level.

18. An apparatus for mixin paper makmg ingredients to make a stoc of suitable composltion for delivery to aper making machines, comprising, in com ination, a receptacle for the prepared stock, means for continuously delivering streams of fluid mixtures or solutions of said ingredients to said receptacle so delivered to control the 0Sltl01l of the stock so prepared, and means orsimult'aneously var ing the flow of the streams of said ingre ients to control the volume of the prepared stock in accordance with the requirements of the paper making machines supplied.

19 An apparatus for mixing paper making ingredients to make a stock of suitable composition for delivery to aper making mac mes, comprising, in com ination, a receptacle for the prepared stock, means for continuously delivering streams of fluid mixtures or solutions of said ingredients to said receptacle so delivered to control the position of the stock so prepared, and means including an electrical controlling a paratus for automatically adjusting the ow of said streams of ingredients to control the volume of stock so prepared in accordance with the requirements of the machines supplied.

20. An apparatus for mixing paper making ingredients to make'a stock of suitable composition for delivery to paper making machines, comprising, in combination, a receptacle for the prepared stock, means for continuously delivering streams of fluid mixtures or solutions of said ingredients to said receptacle so delivered to control the position of the stock so prepared, a float in said receptacle and means including an elec 110 trical connection controlled by said float for controlling the flow of said ingredients to said receptacle.

21. An apparatus for mixing paper making ingredients to make a stock of suitable 115 composition for delivery to pa er making machines, comprising, in combination, a series of tanks for the respective ingredients, means for continuously delivering fluid mixtures or solutions of the ingredients to 120 the respective tanks, a receiver into which streams from said tanks flow and in which the ingredients thus become mixed preparatory to flowin to said machines, valves controlling the ow of said fluid mixture or 25 solutions to the respective tanks, a float in each of said tanks, and means controlled by said floats for closing all said valves when the level of the liquid in any one of said tanks drops below a predetermined point.

I delivery to pa 22. An ap aratus for mixing ground,

wood and su fite soft stocks preparatory to or making machines comrising, in com ination, a plurality oi reguating tanks onefor each of said ingredients, means ior continuously delivering said soft stocks to their respective tanks, a dis charge spout for each of said tanks, means for automatically varying the cross sectional area of said dischar e spouts to vary the flow of stock theretfirough in accordance with the requirements of the paper making machines supplied therefrom, and additional means for ad'usting the relative proortions'of the stoc flowing through said discharge spouts.

23. In an ap aratus for automatically controllin the ow of fluids, the combination of a uid conduit, ad'ustable means for controlling the flow of uid therethrough,

driven mechanism for operating said adjustable means, a driving mechanism arranged -to be connected to or disconnected from said driven mechanism, electrical means operative to control the connection between said driving and driven mechanisms, and means responsive tochanges roduced by said flow of fiuidfor controlling said electrical means.

24. In an ap aratus for automatically controllin the ow of fluids, the combine.- tion of a ii uid conduit, ad'ustable means for controlling the flow of uid therethrough, driven mechanism for operating said adjusting means step by step, a constantly operated drivin mechanism arranged to be connected to or lsconnected from said driven mechanism, electrical means operative to control the connection between said driving and driven mechanisms, and means responsive to changes produced by said -flow of fluid for controlling said electrical means. In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

CARLTON H. ALLEN.

EDWARD J. TRIMBEY.