US1352742A - Micro-drive hydraulic elevator - Google Patents

Description

F.C, FURLOW.

MICRO DRIVE HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION-FILED SEPT. 5I 19I.

Paented Sept. 14, 1920.

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APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 5, 19:7.

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45 the plunger cylinf UNITEI laTTES PATEN 'FFCE FLOYD C. FURLOT, 0F EfIGNCLAR, NEW' JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY, 0F JEEtSEY CITY, NEW J ERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

NEGRO-DRIVE HYDRAULC ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

Application filed September 5, 1917. Serial No. 189,897.

To all ic/tom z'tmrzy concern.' Be it known that l, FLoYD C. FUnLow, a citizen ot' the United States, residinmin Montclair, in the county of ilew Jersey, have invented a new and useul inpawA ment in Micro-Drive Hydraulic Elevators, or which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to elevators and more particularly to type commonly known -as hydraulic i Uztors.

The invention consiits in the provision of means to control and level the elevator car with a desired landing, the controlling means involving improved features of construction, arrangement of parts and mode of operation, and 1seing an improvement on my co-pending application, Serial Number 59,736, filed November 5, 1915, Patent ao #1,268,109, June e, 191e.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l, illustrates in a typical manner, a push-button controlled hydraulic elevator system embodying the apparatus arranged in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 illustrates in elevation, and with parts broken away, anenlarged detail view of certain of the controlling elements shown in Fig. l; certain oi? the elements being partly broken away; Figs. and l illustrate in section, plan views ot' certain elements, and Figs. 3", da, illustrate views taken on lines y a-a., of Figs. and lrespectively, viewed in the direction of arrows b-b.

' The various elements comprising the elevator system will first be designated, and theirl construction will thereafter 'be described in detail. L The elevator car, C, is supported by a 49 plunger, A, operating in cylinder, l?. A inain'ftl'iree-way valve, if, is connected te the plunger cylinder hy a to and trom pipe, l, IThe. main valve is actuated through a rack and vpinion connection, 2, to admit fluid to m a pressure pipe,

Aid from the cylinder P, and to disch by way er dis ye LJipe, D.

llie -ical push-button system comprises electro-magnetic reversing switches, l, ld, car push-buttons, c, c', 0; hall pushhut/tons, it, it", It, located at the diilerent r landings clesignatedgli, L', L, floor cffmtroller switches positioned in the elevator hatchwayand designated f, f, f, fm; oor relays 11,7, fr", non-interference maget Essex and State.

' net n car holding magnet 71",' and door coninode of operation, and, it is thought, nced no further description.

.Coming now to the elements which form more particularly the subject lmatter ot the present invention. they consist more csscntially of a hydraulic motor lll, to actuate ,the main three walv valve V; a valve mechanism il to cont-rol the hydraulic motor M, and` electro-magnets l, E controlled conjointly from thc car and hy thc motor to actuate the valve Y in either direction from a centered or normal position against the action of springs 3 or al. which act to rcturn the valve mechanism to centered or central position when the electro-magnets are denergized. Additional springs, are

provided to prevent an over-run movement of the valve mechanism past a centered or central position by thc action of the springs, 3 or 4, in centering the valve mechanism.

The elements thus tar designated together S0 with the push-button apparatus, control the main valve Y to effect operation ot' the car at its maximum or relatively high rate of speed in an ascending or descending direction.

ln addition to the above pointed out mechanism, l provide auxiliary apparatus automatically to control and level the elevator car at any desired landing, this apparatus effecting movement of the car at a definite slow-rate oi' speed, and 'functioning independently of the main valve and its controlling elements.

rlhe auxiliary apparatus comprises an auxiliary valve V, which together with pipe connections, forms a hy-pass around the main valve Y, to supply pressure to, or exhaust pressure from the plunger. cylinder l, rl`he auxiliary valve is controlled to ef- Ject the leveling operation of the car, by means of cams and coactinff switches controlled hy movement of the car. There are two of thesecams at eachfloor landing, offset 'fromcach vother and fixed in the elevaF tor hatchwa y, the cams designated 'l torn ing one setand being arranged in a comzllane, and cams designated T formother set in a common plane, but otfk-l .om the cams T. A pair of switches, h", are carried by the elevator car,fthe^110 '5' and 6.

switch, S, being controlled by the cams,T, automatically to control the auxiliary valve V" to effect operation of the car in an ascending direction and levelthe same with a landing; the switch S' being controlled by` The hydraulic motor consists more essentially of a casing, 7, and a piston, 8, adapted to move therein; the piston being secured to a piston rod, 8', and foi'niing independent chambers, 9, 9', in the casing. An aperture 10, connects the chamber, 9, with a pipe, 11, the latter serving to admit pressure to', and exhaust fluid from, the chamber 9. An

aperture 10' connects the chamber 9' with aV pipe 12, the latter serving to admit pressure to, and exhaust fluid from the chamber 9'. A shipper sheave, 13, is made in two sections, an inner section, 13', and an outer section. 13", the vouter section heilig supported by spring pressed rods, 14, cari'ied by-tlie inner section, the rods at their outer ends having knobs, 15, engaging grooves provided on the inner periphei'y of the outer section. The

iniiei section, 13', is positively connected' with the hydraulic motoi', M, through a rack and pinion connection, 16, and under ordinary conditions the outer section, 13", is operated with the inner section; but under certain conditions, hereinafter pointed out, the connection as herein provided between the two sections, permits the outer section Vto be moved upon application of power thereto, while the inner section may remain stationary. A rope or cable, 17, connects the lsheave, 13, with themain valve sheave, 18.

A pair of off-set cams, 20, 20', are movable with the piston rod, 3'. the cani 20 being adapted to actua-te switches, 21, 21', and the cam 20', being adapted to actuate switches, 22, 22'. These cams and the coactiiig switches function to control circuits for the electro-iiiagnets, E, E'.

The valve mechanism, V2, consists more essentiallV of a valve casing, 23, having an interior perfoiatef. sleeve, 24, in which the valve stein, 25, is adapted to slide, the valve Y stem having enlarged heads or pistons, 26,

27, 28, 29, which control the circulation of Huid between the fluid chambers. 30. 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35, formed in the casing-23. The valve stem is made hollow for a portion of its length, communication between the inte rior and exterior of the stein being made by the openings, 36, 37.

The auxiliary valve mechanism, V", consistsmore essentially of a valve casing, 38, having an interioi perforated sleeve, 39, in which the valve stem, 40, is adapted to slide, Ithe valve stem having enlarged heads oi pistons, 41, 42, and 43, which, control the circulation of fluid between the fiuid chambers or passages, 44, 45, 46.

An auxiliary pressure pipe, P', connects with chambers 46 and 34, in the valve mech anisms, V", V', respectively. An auxiliary discharge pipe D' connects with chambers 44 and 32 in the valve mechanisms V", V', respectively. An auxiliary to-a'nd-from pipe, 1', forms a junction with the to-aiid-from pipe 1, and connects with the chamber 45 in the valve mechanism V".

Pipes 11 and 12', form a junction with pipes 11, 12 respectively, and connect With chambers 30, 31 respectively in the casing 23.

Operation of the parts through a complete cycle of opei'ation will now be described. Let us assume that the push-button, z, is pressed to bring the car to the first floor landing, L. Operation of the button, la, closes a circuit to the operating winding of the reversing switch, R', which circuit may 'be traced as follows: main to wire 47, door contacts 7n, both windings of the nloninterference magnet fn, and its contacts, wire 48, button It, Wire 49, winding of the floor relay r, wire 50, floor controller switch f, wires 51, 52, .thence the reversing switch winding to the line. The reversing switch R' now operates to close a circuit for the electro-magnet- E', which circuit may be traced as follows: -lmain, reversing switch 10I contacts 53, Wire 54, switch 22', to wire 55, winding of the electro-magnet E', and wire 56 to the line. The winding E' now receiving current, moves the valve stem 25 toward the right, therebj,Y establishing communication between the auxiliary pressure pipe P' and the chamber 9, via the chambers I 34, 35 and pipe 11,and connecting the chamber 9' with the auxiliary exhaust'pipe D', via the pipes 12, f12' and chambers, 33, 32. 115 Pressure being admitted to theA chamber 9, .effects movement of the piston 8 towai'd the right, the latter thereby actuating the main valveto connect the plunger cylinder' with the discharge pipe D. In this manner opera 120 ioc ' 'tion of the' car in a descending direction is effected at a relatively high or maximum rate of s eed.

Movement ofthe piston 8 causes the cani 20 to close switch 21, and when lthe said pis- 125 ton reaches its limit of movement. in the right hand direction` the cani 20' engages and opensthe switch 22', the latter thereby opening the circuit for the elcctro-inagiiet E". Since the latter is now deiiergized, the

springs, 4, now act to return the valve mechanism V to normal or centered posit-ion; the motor piston remaining in its actuated position until the car upon approaching to within a predetermined distance of the lirst floor landing, engages and opens the Hoor switch f, thereby opening the circuit of the winding of th opens its Yupper contacts, 53, and closes its bottom contacts, 53. The contacts 53 together with Switch 2l now being closed, es-

tablish a circuit for the electro-magnet'E, which circuit may be traced as follows:

main, wire 57, contacts 53', wire v58, switch 2l, wire 59, thence through electromagnet E to the line.4 The electro-magnet E, now receiving current moves the valve stem 25 toward the lett hand from its already centered or normal position, thereby admitting pressure from the pipe P to the right side or' the piston 8 via the chambers 34, 33, pipe l2 and aperture l0', and connecting the aperture l0 with the discharge pipe D t'or the discharge of luid from the lett side of the piston 8, via pipe l1, to chamber 35, thence through the hollow portion ot' the stem to chamber via openings 37, and 36; and from the chamber 3 2, to the discharge pipe D, via the pipe D.

Pressure now being admitted to the right side of the piston 8, effects movement ofthe latter toward the left hand, thereby actuating and returning the valve to normal position and in this manner bringing the car to a stop by the action of the main valve mechanism.

Movement of the piston toward the left hand moves the cam 20 out of engagement with the switch 22 which is then closed by the action of a spring 22, and when the piston reaches its center position the cam 2U releases switch 21, which is thereupon operated by the action of a spring 21. The switch 2l now being opened, opens the cir` cuit heretofore traced for the electro-magnet E, the springs 3 now acting to return the valve mechanism V to normal position, thereby cutting oli" all communication from the pipes P and D', to the chambers, 9, 9.

Shortly after the car opens the floor switch f. which corresponds to the beginning of movement of the main valve to closing position, the switch engages and 1s closed by the cam T', thereby closing a circuit for the winding of a relay G0, which circuit may be traced as follows: from the -lmain to wire til, two sets of back contacts (52 arranged in series, wire 63, safety switch G4, to a common feed wire 65, switch S to wire 6G, winding of relay 60, and wire (S7 to the line.

The relay 6() now operates to close its contacts G, which close a circuit for the operating magnet X of the auxiliary valve mechanism V. The electro-magnet X now operates to move the valve stem 4() toward the e reversing switch R', which now' right hand, thereby connecting the plunger cylinder with discharge pipe D, via the pipe 1, chambers 45, al, and pipe D.

In this manner the auxiliary valve V operates independently of the main valve to continue movement of the 'ar at a relatively slow rate of speed, in a descending direction, and when thecar platform is substantially level with the landing L, the cam T releases the switch S', which now opens by thc action of a spring (58, thereby opening the circuit for the electro-magnet X. rl`he latter now being denergized, the springs will act quickly to center the Yalve mechanism Y, therebyv bringing the elevator car to a stop.

or any reason the elevator car should over-run or coast past the desired landing, as in this instance the landing L, the switch, S, engages and is closed by the cam, 'l`. The switch S closes a circuit for the winding ot' the relay GU, which operates to close its contacts, 60", thereby closing a circuit for the electro-magnet X. rlhe electro-magnet X now operates to move the valve-stem yl() toard the lct't hand, thereby connecting the plunger cylinder B with the auxiliary pressure pipe l. The car will now ascend at a relatively slow rate of speed, until the car platform is substantiall f level with the landing L, whereupon the switch, S, is released to open position by the cam, T, thus etlecting the deenergization ot the electro-magnet X, and the centering of the auxiliary valve mechanism V, which operation cuts otl` all communication between the plunger cylinder and the pressure and discharge pipes, l and D. In this manner the elevator car 1s lautomatically returned to, and the platform stopped level with the desired landing, the auxiliary valve mechanism together with its controlling elements acting automatically to maintain in effect the car level with the landing after the car is once brought to and stopped level with the landing.

.This feature is of considerable practical importance in this type ot' elevators, since any movement oi the car away from the landing, which tor example may be caused by leaking valve'mechanisnn causes the auxiliary valve mechanism and its controlling parts to function and bring the car back to the landing.

'lhe mode ot' operation ot' the various elements for ascending direction ot car travel,

and by car push button operation, is substantially the same as has just been described for the descending direction of car travel as effected by the hall push button operation.

In order to control the main valve mechanism in case of emergency, I providea hand rope, 70, operable from the 'elevator car and permanently connected to the shipper sheave, 18.

ln order to permit free movement ot' 'the hydraulic motor piston, 8, by operation of the hand rope, 70, and with the valve mechanism V 1n normal position, and the motor piston, 8, 1n either a normal or actuated p0- sition, l provide the fluid passages 30 and 31, which with the valve stem in normalposition as shown, allows free circulation of fluid from the chamber, 9, to the chamy ber 9 when the piston, 8, is moved toward the left hand, and vice versa for movement of the piston in the opposite direction.

(ln the other hand if the valve mechanism V or hydraulic motor should stick, say for example in actuated position, or otherwise fail properly to function, the inner section 13 of the shipper' sheave thus becomes locked against movement, but the connection provided between the inner and outer sections 13 and 13, allows the outer section to release itself by a pull on the cable 70. ln this .manner the main valve mechanism V may be operated to control the elevator car by operation of'the'hand rope, upon failure of the main valve controlling mechanism properly to' function, the arrangement eliminatmg any need for clutch mechanism or connections to disconnect the locked-elements lfrom the 'hand rope connection to the main valve mechanism; the essential feature being, that the only operation necessary is for the operator to perform the usual, orwhat may be considered av habitual operation, which is to simply actuate the hand cable.

The arrangement furthermore, provides an automatic shut-ofi for the main valve mechanism, when the ear approaches either limit of travel, the car'in its movement engaging the stop-balls 71 on the cable 70.

The electrical apparatusv herein provided is shown as applied to a source of single phase alternating current-supply, and for this purpose, the 'cores and armatures of the various magnets such as E, E", etc., are preferably constructed of laminated material, but it will be understood that Athe electrical system may aswell be applied to a direct current source of sup ly.

Having thus described my invention, and

without limiting myself to the precise de-' tails of construction and arrangement of parts, what l cla1m as new and'desire to secure by Letters ,Patent of the United l. ln a hydraulic elevator. system, the combination with the car, a mam valve, a hydraulic motor -to actuatel the valve,and

@means automatically controlled from the car and by the motor, to 'control the said motor thesaid means comprlsing cams actuated by the motor, electric circuits, and

'switches in the said circuits actuated by the A2. In, a` hydraulic elevator, the combina-l y naar vale,- manually controlled switches each lcontrolling circuits to both electro-magnets,

normally open switches controlled Vby the motor, in'one of the circuits from each man-y ually controlled switch to the electro-magnets, and normally closed switches controlled by the motor, in the other of the circuits from each manually controlledswitch to the electro-magnets. 3. In a hydraulic elevator system7 the comcination with the car, a main valve, a hydraulic motor device to actuate-the valve,- valve mechanism-to control the-hydraulicy motor, electromagnets to actuatethe second named valve, electro-responsive switches controlled fromthe car, each controllingcircuits t`o both electro-magnets, additional. switches included in each vof the said. circuits, and` cams operable by the motor and adapted to actuate the latter named switches. 4v. Controlling` apparatus for hydraulic elevators comprising a 4controlling valve, a motor device, and a shipper sheave, the said sheave comprising an inner section positively connected with the motor device, an outer section positively connected with the main valve,'`and a connection between the inner and outer sections whereby operation ofthe sections as a unit, by the motor device is at rest.

5. ln a hydraulic elevator system, the cornbination with the car, a' main valve, a mo tor Adevice .to actuate the valve, valve mechanism to control the motor, electro-magnets .to a'ctuate the latter named'valve mechanism,

connected to opposite ends of the valve stem a single auxiliary valve to effect operation of the car independently. of the main valve,

valve mechanism, connected to opposite ends' of the valve stern. i y.

6. In a hydraulic elevator system, the

' and electro-magnets to actuate theauxiliary combination with the car, a main valve, aA

hydraulic motor device to actuate the valve, valve mechanism to control the motor, electro-magnets to actuate the latter valve mechnism, connected to opposite ends of. the,

lvalve stem, and means operable by the car lmovement to control circuits for the latter named electro-magnets.

7. ln a hydraulic :elevator system, the combination with the car, a main valve, a

hydraulic motorl device,'a sheave operable L,

by thev motor and connected to the main Aanism, connected to opposite ends of the Avalve stem, means operable from the car miie said slieave compiisiiig sections one Yof which is movable inl'leeemle ci glie otliei', e valve nieclziiiisiii i coiiiol o the moioi' device, seid Valve mechanism when iii nei-mal o centeiecl eosiiioii lisliing communication fof .Allee Y, iiuicl inbound he'nioor pisens means liroileel 'from lie cai, eo aciielle lie lziei nali/led lf-sive5 en auxiliary valve le comi' l the czu ilo raise lower7 and means "zo conq *wel the auxiliary valve.

y 8. ln a hydraulic eleva'oi: system liyd'aulic motor coifnpfising;i e, cjJliiLei l ing :i piston movabie lle ein e siiiv'ic vel Ye mechanism to supply pref'suie heuse liuicl iiom both siii piston, said valve meclmni ioi'niai position establishing come. foi' free circulation of iuid ni'oi.

with n desired lending.

in e hydraulic elevator system, ille combination *ith the c ig mein mi hydraulic motoi7 to schiste the seid U' Valve mechanism to coiiii'oi 'alie liyeliei'c .motor, electro-responsive means io scuelve the second named Valve ieee" ziiiisii, means controllable from lie csr :incl by 'lie niocoi' ecirc-ieclevice conjoiiitly to control iie sponsive meansa e single euxi lair mecliaiiism, and electio-i'espoii" tus controlled by movemeii; of operate the auXilizifY-velv, `ro reise or low-ei the car and level the same with n desire@ landing.

10. ln a, hydraulic elevezor system tlie combination Wili the cai, e main -valve, motor device, a slieeve operable by the moe' enel connected to the mais valve, shezwe comprising sections one o'i which is releaszible from the other, a single valve mecha nism to coiitiol the meier device? sei 'Valise mechanism when in normal posiiioii esali lishing communication for ie circulation of fluid aoimcl the motor pis'on, electi'omagnets connected to the siem of the second named valve, a pusl1-button sysem of circuits and moto? operated means, eoiijoinily io control the said cieccio-iriagnes e con- `Decision opeiablel if n the cm' :mil coniieing with one of elle said sheeve seciiols a single auxiliary Valve io reise :wel lowes opeieble s oi ilie wliziiilic eleii cenibiiieiiion with die cui, motor device5 zi sliezivc opeil 1 i l enf. coiiic with lie mein i slieawe cowpiising seciiciis, on," icleasule rom iie ii-'fi Velux.,

@al lie iiioiii: ccnmiuiiicui-irm for natures comieced ,niv-e sem, compiis named o opposite ends zit of die contr "led circiiis te switches ice, in eacli elecio-umgiie valve, si clies l ehe car, each controlling the seid eiedere-insgA i con rolled by lie meier 1 ilie ciicuis to the s'ziil cable eveil-able iii-ein li wiili one of IThe slicuve sections, mi auxiliary vulve o. eoni'ol "elle csv eo raise. mi loe/ei the cui ini'lcpeiiilenly 'lle mail vai il ineens A coiii'ol. ille ausili: Y valve *1 of lie cai: iii en scemi f opci'ati i d liesceii'dim iliie sii/Ll msiiinui in elect elle cui' level ifili ai desired ending.

l2. in :i hydraulic elevator m, the

combination with iie csi', :i mniii ml: livili'niilic moioi' device to nciuiie Nie f1 'Valve r iuiiisixi 'Le coiii'el V iii-:wieg elec-iro@ Valve meclm l wiiiolleii iom lle cai', coiiiolliiigg lie circuits to ilie electi'o-magmeis.; ioi'iiislly ogen swiclie,` und normally clesed switches conti'oiled by the mooi, the

lil seficlies being iii ille W :iV v. i l 'l cuss Le lie salu 'eg and menus to conti Y electro-magnets.; seid ineens also contfiollii 0 ehe circuits to the first named switches controlled oy ille cai'.

ln esdmony whereof7 i have si iis specification in the two subscribing witnesses.

' l1". C, FilLOl-fi. 1W inesses lliiieim G. llm'mmolg HAZEL GATES.

L e cmi :mil coiiiiecaing

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