US1351950A

US1351950A - Internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1351950A
Application number: US311498A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ralph M Gaston
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1919-07-17
Filing date: 1919-07-17
Publication date: 1920-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 1937-09-07

Description

R. M. GASTON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENG|NE.- APPLICATION FILED lULYIT, 1919.

1,351 ,950. I PatentedSept. 7, 1920.

Ira/271,137":

Gasfbw UNITED STATES RALPH' M. (:rAS'JJOlI; OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed July 17,

T 0 all to/zom it may concern:

e it known that I, RALPH M. GAs'roN,.a citizen of the United States, residing at Chi cago, in the county of Cook and State of. lllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a speci iication. v r

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and has reference more particularly to improvements in what are known as air-cooled engines, which dispense with the usual water jacket, and employ radially projecting ribs or fins on the cylinder casting to maintain the temperature of, the cylinder at a working point.

One of the principal impediments to the successful operation of air-cooled engines has been the rapid deterioration of the valves and valve stems, and more particularly the exhaust valves. and their stems from the high temperatures to which they are subjected. Most of'the designs of aircooled engines heretofore used give poor flexibility of control on account of'poorly fitting valves and valve stems, which is the natural result of excessively hightemperatures in these parts. This condition has usually existed even when the pistons were well lubricated and operated in a normal manner.

Gne object of this invention is to provide an improvement in the nature'of a cooling.

feature for the valve stems.

It is also desirable in the interest of increased eiiiciency and reliability of operation to maintain not only the valve stems but their operating parts in as. cool a condition. as possible; and a further object of this invention is to provide an arrangement whereby the valve actuating devices are housed in a casing which is entirely inclependeut of the cylinder walls and permits free air circulation between the cylinder or cylinders and. the housing. Y

In the accompanying drawing, which isa vertical cross section through a cylinder, the crank case, the valve rocker casing, the exhaust valve, and the intake and exhaust manifolds, I have illustrated one embodiment of my present invention which, in practice, has been found to satisfactorily fulfil the above-stated objects.

Referring to the drawing, 5 designates the crank case, and 6 a cylinder secured thereon by a screw 7 and a clamping plate 8, said Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 7, 1920.

1919. Serial No. 311,498.

cylinder having the usual radially projecting ribs or fins 9 commonly employed on air-cooled cylinders. \Vithin the cylinder is the usual piston 10 connected by connectng rod 11 to the crank shaft 12. Extendmg through the crank case is thecam shaft 13 carrying the usual valve actuating cams, one of which is shown at 14 engaged with the lower end of a rocker arm 15 mounted on a pivot shaft 16 above the crank case. The upper end of the rocker arm 15 carries an adjusting screw 17, the head of which is engaged with the outer end of the stem 18 of. the exhaust valve 19. The valve stem is slidably' mounted in a sleeve 20 that is fitted horizontally in an opening in the cylinder head and extends within hole 21 formed in the body wall ofthe valve rocker casing 22, this latter being mounted on the crank case 5 and spaced some distance from the cylinder 6 and secured by screw and the clamp 8. The valve 19 is normally .held upon. its seat by a spring 24E located within the valve rocker casing and confined between the wall'22 and an abutment disk 25 onthe outer end of the valve stem 18. A cover 26 is detachably secured to the main body of the valve rocker casing b screws 27.

Above the cylinder head extend the intake manifold 28 and the exhaust manifold 29, these being secured in place by a yoke 30 and clamping screws 31, it being understood that in multiple cylinder practice the cylinders are located side by side as usual. and the intake and exhaust manifolds extend lengthwise of and above the group.

Surrounding the valve sleeve 20 is a sleeve or collar 32 that is. formed with a series of laterally projecting ribs or fins 33 similar in structure and function to the cylinder ribs 9. These cooling devices, are preferably applied to both the intake and exhaust .valves which, in the organization shown,

lie side by side in parallel alternating relation; but their value exists chiefly as an adjunct of the exhaust valve since it is the overheating of the latter that gives the most trouble in air cooled engines. By providing such a cooling device for the valve stems, overheating of the latter is prevented and they are maintained in good operating condition.

It will be further noted that between the valve rocker casing and the cylinder there is an open space for the free circulation of air between these parts, which not only keeps casing. V

portance where the collar 32 15 made of is obtained with high grade water cooled engines.

It will further be observed that the valvestem guide, comprising, in the instance shown, the sleeve 20 and collar 32, completely bridges the space between the cylinr.

der and rocker casing, lying intight surface contact with both so that it not onlylradiates heat but also conducts a considerable portion of the cylinder'heat to the'rocker This is of maximum value and imaluminum or other metal of high heat conductivity.

In the cylinder head is the usual tapped opening .34 to accommodate a spark plug and also a tapped opening containing a plug 36 lying opposite the valve 19, to facilitate application and removal of the valve. These features, however, are oldand well known.

lVhile I have found that the specific organization and arrangement herein shown and described works well in practice and fulfils the stated objects of the invention, it will be manifest that the arrangement might be considerably varied without detracting from the efficiency of the valve stem cooling means and the free aircirculation between the cylinderand the valve rocker casing. Hence I do not limit the invention to the particular organization and arrangement shown, except to the extent indicated in specific claims.

1. In an air cooled internal combustion engine, the combinationof an engine cylinder, a valve rocker casing located laterally opposite to and spaced from said cylinder, a valve stem guide extending between said cylinder and rocker casing and in contact with both whereby it serves to conduct heat from said cylinder to said rocker casing, heat radiating fins on the circumference of said guide, and a valve stem mounted in said guide. I

' 2. In an air cooled internal combustion engine, the combination of an engine cylanda collar surrounding said guide sleeve valve rocker casing, and a valve-clo and formedon its circumference with heatradiating fins, said collar at its ends lying in contact with said cylinder and casing, whereby said guide sleeve and collar both serve to conduct heat from said cylinder to said casing.

3. In'an air cooled internal combustion engine, the combination of an engine cylinder, a valve rocker casing spaced from said cylinder, a guide sleeve bridging the saace 7O betweensaid cylinder and rocker casing, a valve stem mounted 'in said guide sleeve, and a collar surrounding said guide and formed'oii its circumference with heat radiating 'fins, said collar at its ends lying in contact with said cylinder and. easing, whereby said guide sleeve and collar lit/ill serve to conduct heat from said cylinder to said casing. r

4. In'an air cooled internal combustion engine, the combination of a support, a cylder and valve rocker casing, and a valve stemslidably mounted in said sleeve and having its outer end disposed within sa d spring surroiuiding the portion of said. valve stem lying within said valve rocker casing.

5. In an air-cooled internal coinijaistion engine, the combination of a crank ca. e, a cylinder mounted on said crank case, a valve rocker casing mounted on said crank case at one side of and spaced from said c in der, a valverocker in said casing, a valve in said cylinder having its stem extending between said cylinder and valve rocker casing, and a member surrounding said v: I stem and formed with heat radiating ribs or fins. i V

6. In an air-cooled internal combustion engine, the combination of a crank case, a cylinder mounted on said crankcase, a valve rocker casing mounted on said crank case at one side of and spaced from said cylinder, a valve rocker in said casing, a valve sleeve extending between and supported by said cylinder and valve rocker casing. a valve stem slidably mounted in said sleeve, and a collar surrounding said sleeve and formed with heat radiating ribs or fins.