US1350173A - Combined typewriting and computing machine - Google Patents

Description

c. E. NORIN.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE- APPLICATION FILED DEC-4,1915- I '1, 350, 1 7 3 Patented Aug. 17, '1920;

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WITN ESSES:

c. E. NORIN. COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATIQN FILED DEC-411915.

1,350,173. I Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 3.

INVENTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL E. NORIN, or ammonia, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR To UNDERWOOD COMP TING MACHINE COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION or NEW YORK' COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

Application filed December 4; 1915. Serial No. 64,948.

wherein the numeral keys of the typewriter set up the digitsnvritten by the numeral keys of the typewriter in item or temporary register, and such digits are later carried in the total register or computing wheels.

It is desirable in certain types of computing to obtain a semi-automatic computation with a plurality of registers without too much mechanism. That is to say,- in

certain types of computing, it may be desirable at times to add and subtract simultaneously the same set of numbers. In a machine of the character to which the present improvement is applied, where subtraction is carried on by the complementary method, the mechanism for doing this is not at once obvious. By the present invention, however, debit and credit computations of a rather complex character can be carried out by simply combining the complementary subtracting mechanism with register dial wheels having their numbers ascending in opposite directions. In this way, the two registers can have their wheels rotated always in the same direction, to add and subtract and when they are operated simultaneously, one adding while the other subtracts. This arrangement is very simply controlled from a single subtraction tappet carried by the carriage.

In order to obtain the desired result of having two registers operating in the same manner, but at the same time providing means whereby one may be effective as though it were subtracting in an adding operation, I have found the object desired may be attained by inverting the order of digits in one of the total registers, with the result that the operative may read one register as though it was subtracting and the other register as though it was adding, although both registers are driven in precisely the same manner.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure l is a sectional side view of an Underwood-Hanson combined typewriting and computing machine as normally adding, show1ng only so much thereof as appears t o be advantageous for the purpose of lllus trating my invention as applied thereto.

Flg. 2 is a similar section of a detail, taken at a point nearer the center of the mach1ne,'with.theparts at subtraction p0- sitlon. I

'Fig. 3 is a plan view of'the total and temporary registers and some associated parts moving into subtraction.

Fig. 4 is a detail showing the relation ship of the usual Hanson type register wheel to 1ts carry-over, the numeral wheel digits being shown diagrammatically on the side of the wheels.

Fig. 5 is a similar detail showing the relationship of my register wheel with its inverted order of numerals, (likewise diagrammatically shown) to its carry-over.

Fig. 6- is a rear view of the machine seen in Fig-1.

In the usual Underwood-Hanson combined typewriting-and computing machine, numeral keys 1, and alphabet keys 2 depress key levers 3, so that sub-levers 4 swing the usual type-bars 5 upwardly and rearwardly against a platen 6, in the usual traveling carriage 7, with the result. that types 8 print against the front side of said platen.

Said carriage 7 is normally tensioned sothat it tends to travel to the left under the tension of the usual spring barrel, not shown, but is held against said travel. Said carriage, however, when the alphabet and numeral keys are depressed, is permitted to feed step by step by the usual escapement mechanism, which includes a pinion 9 meshing with a rack 10 on the carriage and connected to an escapement wheel 11, said escapement wheel being under the control of the usual dogs '12 and 13, said dogs being vibrated at the depression of any key in the usual manner by means of the universal bar 14 connected thereto, which universal bar is operated by heels 15 on the type-bars 5. As the typewriter carriage travels along it selects computation zones in which the numeral ,keys of the typewriter are effective to register in a. computing mechanism the digits which are printed by the numeral keys as they are struck.

In the present disclosure the machine is provided with the usual Underwoodl lanson rack bars 16, each of said rack bars being provided with a settable pin for each of the digits from 1 to 9, and said rack bars though normally in such a position that the numbers cannot be registered on said digit pins, are moved by the typewriter carriage into such a position in the computlng'zone that the p1ns Wlll register the digits printed in said Zone. For this purpose the pins 17 are slidably mounted in the rack bars 16, but are normally outof alinement with pin-setting bars 18, said pin-setting bars being connected to the respective numeral keys of the typewriter 1n such a waythat when any numeral key is wheels 34.

depressed, its pin-setting bar 18 is swung downwardly from the position seen in Fig. 1, far enough to set the corresponding pin on any rack bar 16 which is holding its pins in alinement with the pin-setting bar at the moment. For the purpose of thus swinging the pin-setting bars 18, each numeral key 1 isprovided with a pendant 19 which as the key descends strikes a rock arm 20 on its rock shaft .21, thereby rockingsaid shaft so that said shaft will carry its pin-setting bar 18 downwardly to pin-setting position by the usual linkage 22 which is operated by a rock arm 23 fast on said shaft 21.

For the purpose of enabling the typewriter carriage to move the bars 16 to carry their pins 17 into such pin-setting alinement as has been described above, the type- 1,287,301, dated December 10, 1918), wherein p any depressed wire 27 raises the front end of its lever 28 to lift its member 29 of a transposition device, with the result that said transposition member rocks a'bellcrank 30 so that the upper end 31 thereof will shift its rack bar 16 slightly foiuvardly,

thus bringing the pins 1.7 thereon under the pin-setting bars 18. This movement allowed for by a slight lost motion between the parts of the pawl and ratchet-34" which forms a one-way acting driving connection between the rack bars 1.6 and the adding After a number has been completely set up by depressing the appropriate depressed onits associated rack bar.

16 in this manner rotates the adding wheels 34 each to an extent dependent on the pOin n the return stroke of the handle 36, the cross bar 35 is returned to normal position, carrying back the racks 16 to their normal position by means of lugs 36, The adding wheels 34 are not turned during this re turn movement, because of pawl-and-ratchet connections 34 Figs. 4 and 5, between them and the rack bars 16.

In order to rapidly position the carriage of the typewriter in airadding Zone, the mechanism is provided with the usual denominatio'nal tabulating keys 37, which are pivoted between their ends, so that when depressed any one will raise to effective position its tabulating plunger 38 into the path of the usual column stop 39 adjustable along the usual rack bar -4() of the typewriter carriage. W hen any one of the keys 37 is depressed, it is adapted to release the typewriter carriage from the esc'apement wheel by mechanism of the usual kind, not shown herein, with themresult that the carriage will travel freely and rapidly along until it is arrested when a column stop 39 thereon strikes the lifted plunger or counter-stop 38.

1V hile the mechanism has hitherto been de scribed as adapted for addition, 'it is also adapted to be used for subtraction, and for this purpose one or more of the column stops 39 are providedwith a subtraction lug 41 extending over the computing zone, said lug being adapted to strike a subtraction con trolling dog 42 as the typewriter carriage enters the computing zone, with the result that said dog will set the mechanism to subtracting position, as shown in applica tion 1 0. 797,714. filed October 23, 1913 (now Patent No. 1,230,065, dated September 24, 1918).

The present machine includes two regisdog 24 to ineffective position around the usual bar 43 on which it is pivoted. To accomplish subtraction, therefore, the machine may be provided with the single subtraction dog 42 pivoted on the usual lever 44 so as to draw upwardly on the usual link 45 in the manner disclosed in the co-pending application of JohnN. Thornton, N 0. 769,132, filed May 22, 1913 (now Patent No, 1,283,360, dated October 29, 1918). The

link 45 is pivoted at its lower end to an arm 46 forming part of a bail 47, with the result that whenever the dog 42 is struck by a subtraction lug 41, .the link 45 is drawn upwardly and causes the bail 47 to draw a holding bar 48- from its'normally effective position, in which the, usual subtraction controlling arm 49 overlies it, thus permitting said subtraction arm to swing downwardly and carry to ineffective position a hook 50 fast on the shaft 51 on which said subtraction bar 49 is also fast. This releasing of the hook 5O permits a spring 52 to draw rearwardly the main subtraction bar 53 and set the machine for subtraction in the manner disclosed in said application No. 769,132.

Said subtraction setting involves a good many minor operations, since the present machine is of a complementary subtraction type, in which type of machinethe adding wheels 34 are always turned in one direction as if they were adding, while subtraction is effected by setting pins which will cause the wheels to add a number complementary to that written by the types, printing at the moment.

The subtraction setting operation includes the manipulation of the usual devices for setting the 9 pins 17, said means including the.usual bar 53 operated by the usual hook 54 connected to the said subtraction bar 53. In addition to setting the 9 pins, the subtraction bar when actuated shifts all the rock shafts 21 forwardly, so that each rock shaft instead of operating its pin-setting linkage 22 by its addition rock arm 23 and addition wrist 55, operates a complementary linkage 22 by means of a subtraction rock arm- 57 which is effective on the linkage 22 by its subtraction wrist 56, this being, done in the manner set forth in said application No. 769,132. This is effected by sliding said rock shafts 21, by means of the usual plate 58, through the usual rock shaft 59 extending transversely of the machine.

Besides making the above connections effective, the subtraction bar 53 makes connections for restoring any 9 pin whenever any other digit pin on its own rack bar is set. For'this purpose there is provided a 9 pin restoring bar 60 which is operated by the depression of-any numeral key whenever any pin-setting linkage 18 is actuated in the subtraction operation. To obtain this result the rock shafts '21 are prolonged in the usual manner beyond the frame bar 61, 3

and have fast to their ends the usual rock arms 62 which are effective to actuate in one direction only a linkage 63 connected to operate the 9 pin-restoring bar 60. All these connections may be identical with the application of Thornton No. 769,132, referred to above, and the restoring bar 60 is effective on the rear ends of the usual levers 64 connected to the 9 pins 17.

The subtraction bar and associated parts are restored to normal adding position in the usual manner by the actuation of the general operator, the parts for doing this including, among others, the usual lug 65 on the subtraction bar 53 which is adapted to be struck by the cross bar 35 of the general operator at the end of a subtraction op eration. At suclnrestoring operation the holding bar 48 is restored to its normal effective position by the usual spring 66.

In order to permit this, the mechanism is provided with the usual restoring arm 69 fast to the shaft 51 and adapted to again put the arm 49 under the control of the holding bar 48. At the end of any adding or subtracting operation the pins 17 are restored to their normal positions by the usual pin-restoring plate 70, which is actuated as usual by the general operator.

' At the beginning of the subtraction oper ation, in addition to setting the 9 pins, the bar 53 is adapted to set a lug 67 into the path of the general operator cross bar 35, in such a way that said lug will be intercepted by' said general operator and cause an extension 68 of said lug- (Fig. 3) to lie behind the depressed pin on the units pin bar, thus causing said general operator cross bar 35 to drive said units pin bar one step further than it would under other circumstances. This prov1des.for the adding of the necessary extra unit to correct the ordinary units .error of complementary subtraction The the control of the same subtraction lug 41; that is to say, both registers are set for sub traction when either of them is so set.

The machine herein illustrated is especially adapted to be used in banking accounting, in which it is desired to keep ac counts of two columns of figures, one being the daily balance and the other the withdrawals. In the machine as herein illustrated, computation mechanism is provided for said two columns only, but computing registers for the remaining columns, such as deposits, etc., may be included in the machine if desired As pointed-out above, it is extremely desirable from the mechanical point of view,.to have all registers which are in use at any given moment add when any add, and substract when any substract. On the other hand, if a register showing withdrawals is to read correctly, it must at the same time be adding when the register show ing the daily balance is substrating.

To obtain a result showing addition on the withdrawal register while subtraction is shown on the balance register, I have found it possible to arrange the connections so that both registers are always doing mechanically the same operation, while, 011 the. other hand, to the operative, the wheels of one register will appear to be adding while the wheels of the other register appear to be subtracting. To do this, I utilize the ordinary llnderwood-l-lanson computing wheels for my balance register in which the wheels have their numbers run downwardly, as ewed by'the operative, so that when the wheels are turned by the forward driving of the racks beneath them, the fronts of the wheels move upwardly and effect adding.

F or the withdrawal register I provide adding wheels 80 which are similar to the balance register wheels, but on which the numbers run upwardly, as viewed by the operative, with the result that when said wheels are turned by the forward driving of the rack bars, they will appear to subtractin an adding operation.

The machine may further be provided with the usual carry-over mechanism which in many respects is substantially identical with that shown in the applications referred to above, and in the Hanson Patent 816,319.-

.ln the usual Underwood-l-lanson machine, the carry-over tooth 72 is placed between the digits 6 and 7 so that when the adding wheel 34- is turning its dial face to carry 9 away from the sight opening 7 1, and 0 to the sight opening, the carry-over tooth 72 will be effective to move the carryover 'wheel 78 in the usual manner by one of the teeth 76 thereon, so that on the return stroke of the general operator the usual carry-over drive shaft 74- will be effective to turn the carry-over wheels 75 seriatim in the usual manner by means of the usual teeth 76. This action takes place only on the return stroke of the general operator because of the usual one-way clutch between said carry-over drive shaft 7 1- and the pinion H which drives it, said pinion being driven by a rack 78 forming part of the general operator and driving the pinionTT by means of an intermediate idler pinion '79. In my new register the carry-over teeth 72 are placed between the digits 2 and 3, on the numeral wheels 80 which form the adding wheels in said register. Since the group of adding wheels 80 turn in the same direction as the group of adding wheels 34, no further change needs to be made, either in the pawland-ratchet connections 34. or in the carry over wheels 75. This fact greatly simplifies, from a commercial point of view, the construction of a register such as l have described, partly for the reasons that the addition and subtraction wrists always operate all the pin-setting bars 18 identically for each register, and that the carry-over shafts may be universal to both registers, and the carry-over wheels may be identical.

In order that computation may take place in both registers simultaneously, there are provided two dogs 24, and two sets of wires 27, and jacks 25, viz., one for each of the registers shown in plan view in Fig. 3. The two dogs 24 are so adjusted along the bar 43 on which they are pivoted,'that they will be held by the usual rack 81 in such position with reference to the sets of jacks that both dogs 2% engage jacks of identical denomination simultaneously. While the dogs 24 have been described as being in effective position, they usually stand in ineffective position, and are only moved into effective position when computing is to be done. For this purpose there are provided the usual silencing rolls 82, each supported on its own rock shaft 83, by rock arms'S l fast on said shafts, on which arms the rolls 82 are journaled. The shafts 83 are usually held so as to keep their rolls 8:2 in effective position, and for this purpose each shaft 83 is provided with a coil spring 85 fast to said shaft and bearing against a bracket in which the shaft is journaled.

In the present machine there are two shafts 83 journaled in a boss 86 forming an extension of the usual denominational tabulator frame, at which boss the ends of the shafts abut against each other. Each one of the shafts 83 may be separately moved to ineffective position by swinging its roll outwardly to a point in which it will no longer support any dog 2-1. For this purpose each rock shaft 83 is provided with a rock arm 87 fast thereon, and lying above a manually operable tappet 88. Each tappet forms one end of a bell-crank 85) journaled at 90 and having an extension 91 extending downwardly to the bottom of the machine where the extension is fast to a forwardly extending link 92. This link .is adapted to be manually operated by its handle 93 projecting through the side of the machine where it is conveniently operated, the connections being such that when the handle 93 is pushed rearwardly, the silencis covered by the jacks 25, for which it; is.

calculated to hold a dog 24 effective.

Each handle 93 is normally held in its forward position shown in Fig. 1 by means of a spring 94 which encircles the stud 90 on which its bell-crank 89 is pivoted, said spring throwing the lower arm of said bellcrank forward. Each handle 93 is adapted to be latched in its rearward position in order that the dogs 24;may be made permanently ineffective at the option of the operator. For this purpose each handle 93 extends through a slot 95 in the side of the machine, said slot being provided with a downward extension 96 adapted to catch its handle 93 and hold it when said handle is pushed rearwardly.

i For the purpose of illustrating the operation of the mechanism of. the new register, the following example of the steps is given:

Suppose wheels, A, B,-C, D, represent thousands, hundreds, tens and units.

- If they read 0, 3, 6, 6, And there is printed 0, 4, 2, 7, This sets up pins for 9, 5, 7, 3,

(including the extra unit) The general operator turns to- 1, 8, 9, 3, The carry-over makes it 0, 7, 9, 3,

making the digit thereon displayed at the sight opening the correct digit for the computation in hand. In other words, the superficial examination and reading of the dial wheels appears to inform the operative that'the wheels are always turned by the rack bars as if a carry-over were necessary to complete the computation, and that where no such carry-over is necessary the mechanical parts known as the carry-over mechanism erase this apparent carry-over. Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others. Having thus describedmyinvention, I claim.

1. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with numeral keys, of two item registers, each comprising a set of indexing devices settable by any of said keys, a carriage for selecting the denominations, a general operator, two total registers into which the numbers set up on the indexing devices are carried by said general operator, each total register being controlled by its associated item register, and means for simultaneously setting both item registers to subtraction condition, each of said registers compr sing numberbearing dials, the numbers on the dials in one register running reversely with relation to the. numbers on the dials in the other register.

2. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with two total. registers, of two item registers, and means, whereby when both total registers are driven by said item registers in the same direction, one.is effective to add,and the other is effective to subtract.

3. In a combined typewriting and com i writer numeral keys, two item registers, each including a set .of indexingdevices, any of which may be operated by said keys, a carriage for selecting the denominations, and a total register for each item register, each total register comprising numbered computing elements, of means for modifyin the connections between said keys and sai item registers, so that both subtract when either subtracts, and both add when either adds, and connections so related to the order of the numbering of said computing elements that, when said total registers are operated by said general operator under the control of their respective item registers,

one total register will add and the other subtract.

4. In a combined typewriting and comf puting machine, the combination with typewriter numeral keys, of two complementary subtraction devices operated by said keys, and means, whereby one of said complementary subtraction devices is always effective to show an addition result when the other is effective to show a subtraction result.

5. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with numeral keys, of two item registers, each comprising a set of indexing devices settable by any of said keys, a carriagefor selecting the denominations, a general operator, two total registers comprising numbered computing elements into which the num bers setup on the indexing devices are carried by said general operator, each total register being controlled by its associated item register, means for simultaneously setting both item registers to subtraction condition, and connections so related to the order of the numbering of said computing elements that, when said item registers are set to subtraction condition, one of the total registers controlled thereby will subt'act and the other will add.

6. In a combined typewriting and com- ,puting machine, the combination with two total registers, of two item registers, means whereby when both total registers are driven by said item register in the same direction, one iseifective to add, and the other is effective to subtract; a traveling typewriter carriage for selecting the denominations in said registers, and means whereby the denominations in said registers, and

means whereby said carriage may be ineffective to select the denominations in either register.

8. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with two registers, having their wheels turning in the same direction, of means whereby one register turns its wheels for addition while the other turns its wheels for subtraction, a general operator for driving said registers simultaneously on one mo ement thereof,

- carry-over devices set by said registers on the same movement, and universal means for identically driving said carry-over device on the return stroke of said operator to effect subtraction in one register and addition in the other.

9. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with two registers, having their wheels turning in the same direction, of means whereby one register turns its wheels for addition while the other turns its wheels for subtraction, a

general operator for driving said registers simultaneously on one movement thereof, carry-over devices set by said registers on the same movement, universal means for identically driving said carry-over device on the return stroke of said operator to effect subtraction in one register and addition in the other, a traveling typewriter arriage for selecting the denominations in said registers, and means whereby said carriage may be ineffective to select the denominations in either register.

10. In a computing machine, the combination with dial wheels having carry-over teeth placed in a definite relation to the numbers on the dials of the wheels, of a set of carry-over devices for. said wheels, of a second set of dial wheels having carry over teeth differently located, carry-over wheels for said second set of dial wheels journaled on a shaft universal 'to the two sets of carry-over wheels, said carry-over wheels adapted to be set by said carry-over teeth, and carry-over drive devices, effective seriatim on said carry-over wheels after all the carry-over wheels have been set by their respective carry-over teeth.

11. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, and two total registers adapted to simultaneously add and subtract, of a general operator for driving said registers, said registers each comprising wheels- Il\ *ays turned in the same direction by said operator, pin bars for so driving said registers, and tabulating stops for automatically determining when said registers shall be effective in a given manner.

12. In a computing machine, the combination with dial wheels having carry-over teeth placed in a definite relation to the numbers on the dials of the wheels, of a set of carry-over devices for said wheels, of a second set of dial wheels having carry-over teeth differently located, carry-over wheels for said second set of dial wheels journaled on a shaft universal to the two sets of carryover wheels, said carry-over wheels adapted to be set by said carry-over teeth, carry-over drive devices effective serz'azfz'm on said carryover wheels after all the carry-over wheels have been set by their respective carry-over teeth, and means whereby either register can have its connection to the carriage silenced individually.

13. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a single set of pin-setting bars, of two sets of register wheels having numbers thereon running in opposite directions, and a sep arate set of pins for each register.

14:. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with typewriter numeral keys and a single set of pinsetting bars operated thereby, of tworegisters under the control of said pin-setting bars, means for altering the connections between said keys and said bars, and two registers having dial numbers running in opposite directions adapted to compute the numbers set up by said pin-setting bars.

15. The combination with a complementary subtraction device, of two registers driven thereby simultaneously, one effective to add and the other effective to subtract.

16. The combination with two registers adapted to compute totals, of an item register for each of said total registers, means Whereby each item register drives its total register always in the same direction, pin bars for so 10 driving said registers, said pin bars forming on certain of said stops for automatically 15 causing said subtraction on one register.

CARL E. NORIN. Vitnesses:

C. A. TEN EYCK, A. E. GRIMELL.

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