US1346803A - Mercerization - Google Patents
Mercerization Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1346803A US1346803A US380890A US38089020A US1346803A US 1346803 A US1346803 A US 1346803A US 380890 A US380890 A US 380890A US 38089020 A US38089020 A US 38089020A US 1346803 A US1346803 A US 1346803A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mercerization
- viscose
- monacetin
- caustic alkali
- silk
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005517 mercerization Methods 0.000 title description 12
- KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(O)CO KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002955 Art silk Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004348 Glyceryl diacetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019443 glyceryl diacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHMLFPOTZYRDKA-IRXDYDNUSA-N (2s)-2-[(s)-(2-iodophenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1O[C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@H]1OCCNC1 BHMLFPOTZYRDKA-IRXDYDNUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBXSGWANZATOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)butan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C(O)(CO)CO UBXSGWANZATOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
Definitions
- This invention particularly relates to a method of mercerizing cellulosic fibers of natural growth such as cotton or linen, when interwoven or intermingled with filaments of artificial silkknown as viscose, while at the same time protecting'such viscose fila ments from deleterious attack by the caustic alkali em loyed for mercerization.
- glycerol may under reaction with glacial acetic acid at different temperatures be converted into, three distinct'esters according as only one or each of two or all three of its'hydroxyl groups become displaced by substitution therefor respectively of acorresponding number of acetyl groups, whereby either monacetin oridiacetin or tri- Specification of Letters Patent.
- acetin results. But in conducting this proc- '56 ess the 0btainment thereby of monacetin alone without accompanying production of some diacetin or even of some'triacetin requlres careful precaution. Hence the commercial product known in the market as acetin, and intended to be substantially monacetin, is likely to contain more or less diacetin and possibly triacetin, neither of which is capable of performing the functions of monacetin herein described.
- the treatment of the fabric into which mercerizablelcellulosic fibers such as cotton or linen have been interwoven with' viscose-silk filaments is substantially the same as that customarilyemployed in the mercerization of woven fabrics composed entirely of cotton including the usual means and modeof applying tension thereto for the prevention of shrinkage.
- this invention although especially well adapted for the production of woven mixed goods of the kind hereinabove referred to, may likewise baa-practised upon yarns or other unwoven textile fabrics which are composed partly of mercerizable cellulosic fibers such' as cotton or linen and partly of viscose-silk filaments and which,
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
. UNITED STATES PATENT omcs.
SAMUEL MANSFIELD .J'ONES, OF NORTH ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO ARNOLD PRINT WORKS, OF NORTH ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS, -A CORPORATION- OF MASSACHUSETTS.
No Drawing.
' To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, SAMUEL MANSFIELD- invented new and useful Improvements in Mercerization, of which the following is a description. i
This invention particularly relates to a method of mercerizing cellulosic fibers of natural growth such as cotton or linen, when interwoven or intermingled with filaments of artificial silkknown as viscose, while at the same time protecting'such viscose fila ments from deleterious attack by the caustic alkali em loyed for mercerization.
Letters atent No. 1,316,958, were granted to me September 23, 1919, for an invention which accomplished by its own particular 2 method therein set forth the novel utility just specified; but I-,have discovered that other methods are available for accomplishing the like ultimate result, and that among these isthe method herein described which involves the modification of the caustic alkali solution used for mercerization by introducing into it mono-acetyl-glycerin, which is otherwise known in chemical nomenclature as an acetic acid ester of glycerol or more specifically monacetin.
For the purpose of the present invention I find-it practically satisfactory to compose the Iner'ceriz'ing liquid by adding monacetin in the proportion of 181 grams to 819 grams of an aqueous solution of sodium hydrate at 70 Twaddell. This proportion is not rigid; but if the ratio of the quantity of monacetin to that of the-caustic alkali in solution at the hydrometric density stated is 40 much less than the ratio just indicated the viscose silk will not be adequately protected; and if such ratio is much greater the mercerizing efficiency of the caustic alkali thus modified will become impaired. Glycerin which by reason of its chemical classification as a trihydric alcohol has also. i been named glycerol, may under reaction with glacial acetic acid at different temperatures be converted into, three distinct'esters according as only one or each of two or all three of its'hydroxyl groups become displaced by substitution therefor respectively of acorresponding number of acetyl groups, whereby either monacetin oridiacetin or tri- Specification of Letters Patent.
Application filed May 12, 1920. Serial No. 380,890.
' MERCERIZATION.
Patented July 13, 1920.
acetin results. But in conducting this proc- '56 ess the 0btainment thereby of monacetin alone without accompanying production of some diacetin or even of some'triacetin requlres careful precaution. Hence the commercial product known in the market as acetin, and intended to be substantially monacetin, is likely to contain more or less diacetin and possibly triacetin, neither of which is capable of performing the functions of monacetin herein described. Never theless, the presence of such relatively small quantities of diacetin or of triacetin asmay ordinarily occur in commercial acetin does not seriously interfere with the'efliciency of its largely preponderant monacetin" in servingto modify the solution of caustic alkali forthe protection of viscose silk associated in a composite fabric with natural cellulosic fibers which are subjected to the process of mercerization.
Otherwise than such required modification of the mercerizing solution the treatment of the fabric into which mercerizablelcellulosic fibers such as cotton or linen have been interwoven with' viscose-silk filaments is substantially the same as that customarilyemployed in the mercerization of woven fabrics composed entirely of cotton including the usual means and modeof applying tension thereto for the prevention of shrinkage.
hereinabove provided, enables the process of mercerization to be successfully practised upon cellulosic fibers of natural growth. such as cotton or linen, while at the same time the viscose silk filaments interwoven with these are effectively protected against injuryfrom the caustic alkali; so that the resulting product is expeditiously obtained without incurring the extra expense and labor required for separately mercerizing the cellulosic'fibers in the. yarn beforeinterweavingthe same with the viscose silk.
Manifestly also this invention although especially well adapted for the production of woven mixed goods of the kind hereinabove referred to, may likewise baa-practised upon yarns or other unwoven textile fabrics which are composed partly of mercerizable cellulosic fibers such' as cotton or linen and partly of viscose-silk filaments and which,
are subjected to any well-known and acceptable process of mercerization suitable for imparting luster to the cellulosic components of a fabric thus constituted; except only that instead of employing therein the old mercerizing chemical agent alone there is to be substituted therefor a solution of caustic alkali modified by the addition of monacetin, whereby injury to the viscose components of the fabric is avoided.
I claim:
1. The method of treating textile fabrics composed of mercerizable cellulosic fibers intermixed with artificial silk filaments of viscose, for the purpose of mercerizing such cellulosic fibers Without injury to the viscose silk; by subjecting the composite fabric without injury to the viscose silk, by subjecting the woven fabric thus constituted to a process of mercerization wherein the solution of caustic alkali is modified by the addition theretoof monacetin.
3. The method of treating textile fabrics composed of cotton fibers intermixed with artificial silk filaments of viscose, for the purpose of mercerizing suchqcotton fibers without injury to the viscose silk, by subjecting the composite fabric thus constituted, to a process of mercerization wherein the solution of caustic alkali is'modified by the addition thereto of monacetin;
.4. The method of treating textile fabrics composed of cotton yarn interwoven with artificial silk filaments of viscose for the purpose of mercerizing the fibers of such cotton yarn without injury to the viscose silk, by subjecting the woven fabric thus constituted to a process of mercerization wherein the solution of caustic alkali is modified by the addition thereto of monacetin.
SAMUEL MANSFIELD JONES.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US380890A US1346803A (en) | 1920-05-12 | 1920-05-12 | Mercerization |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US380890A US1346803A (en) | 1920-05-12 | 1920-05-12 | Mercerization |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1346803A true US1346803A (en) | 1920-07-13 |
Family
ID=23502842
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US380890A Expired - Lifetime US1346803A (en) | 1920-05-12 | 1920-05-12 | Mercerization |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1346803A (en) |
-
1920
- 1920-05-12 US US380890A patent/US1346803A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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