US13443A - Improvement in tanning compounds - Google Patents
Improvement in tanning compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US13443A US13443A US13443DA US13443A US 13443 A US13443 A US 13443A US 13443D A US13443D A US 13443DA US 13443 A US13443 A US 13443A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- tanning
- improvement
- sides
- lime
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 34
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 14
- 210000004209 Hair Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N Tannin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H]2O)O1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000735495 Erica <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001246312 Otis Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020127 ayran Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/06—Facilitating unhairing, e.g. by painting, by liming
Definitions
- my invention consists in the employment or use of soap, combined during the process with salt, tanning-liquors, and in certain cases with lime.
- the hair may be sweated ofl inthe usual way. Thisis considered by tanners preferable for sole-leather. Lime-water is thrown upon the sides while in thesweat, and quite often, it'the weather be warm. After the hair is removed put them in a composition of one gallon of soap, three pounds of salt, and about ten gallons of water. Let them remain in this for two or three days, and handle them often while working 011' the flesh and fine hair. The sides are then placed in the tannin g-liquor, mixed with soap, as described in Mode 1, and tanned through.
- Hides and skins with the hair or wool on are tanned as follows: The hides or skins are soaked and washed in water until soft. They are then put into a composition of soap and salt and handled after three or four days, being worked in the meantime so as to be cleansed from flesh and filth. They are then put in the tanning-liquor with soap, as previously described, (a greater portion of soap will not injure them,) and are handled often, the strength of the liquor being sustained. After they are about half-tanned they should be shived by a carrier, as they will tan faster.
- nnhairing hides The ordinary mode of nnhairing hides is with lime alone, which injures the texture of the hide.
- the salt and soap softens the hide and prevents the lime from eating it and allows the lime to be easily worked out.
- the soap bate while cleansing out thelime, softens and opens the pores of the hide for the reception of the tanning-liquor, while the hendung, which is most commonly uscd,closes the pores and leaves them in such a condition that they must be kept a long time in acid liquor to prevent them being hard and of dark color.
- Soap and salt solutions will prepare sweathides and kip-skins to make good pliable curried leather, which has been supposed by tanners impossible.
- Combinations of soap with strong tanning-liquors so mollifies or softens them that green hides may be immersed there in without danger of hardening them or closingthe pores, causing the tannin to penetrate the hide and unite with the gelatine much quicker, neutralizing acidity, thereby preventing the loss of gelatine, and makes a good, lirm,pliable quality of leather.
Description
I UNITE- STATES PATENT Erica.
OTIS B. VATTLES, OF WADDINGTON, NEW YORK.
IMPROVEMENT IN TANNING COMPOUNDS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 3,443, dated August 14, 1855.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OTIS B. YVATTLES, of Waddington, in the county of St. Lawrence and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Process of Tanning; and I do hereby declare that. the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.
The nature of my invention consists in the employment or use of soap, combined during the process with salt, tanning-liquors, and in certain cases with lime.
1 will describe three different modes or processes of tanning in order to show myimprovement.
First: I'place into a vat of the required size fifty sides or the same bulk of skins. Acomposition ofstronglime-water,twenty-five pounds of salt, and three gallons of soap is then put in the vat, and the sides are handled or worked in the vat until the hair is loose. When the hairis removed the sides are placed in a vat containing soap-suds, from five to ten gallons of soap being used, and the sides are well handled for two or three days, and are then worked on a table with a stone set on the grain and an iron on the flesh side. The sides are worked until the lime is entirely out of them, and are then placed in a strong tanningliquor made of any vegetable tannin and thoroughly mixed with from five to eight gallons of soap. The sides are handled and stirred constantly until the grain is set, the strength of the liquors being kept up until the sides are tanned, the same proportion of soap being used.
Second process: The hair may be sweated ofl inthe usual way. Thisis considered by tanners preferable for sole-leather. Lime-water is thrown upon the sides while in thesweat, and quite often, it'the weather be warm. After the hair is removed put them in a composition of one gallon of soap, three pounds of salt, and about ten gallons of water. Let them remain in this for two or three days, and handle them often while working 011' the flesh and fine hair. The sides are then placed in the tannin g-liquor, mixed with soap, as described in Mode 1, and tanned through.
Third: Hides and skins with the hair or wool on are tanned as follows: The hides or skins are soaked and washed in water until soft. They are then put into a composition of soap and salt and handled after three or four days, being worked in the meantime so as to be cleansed from flesh and filth. They are then put in the tanning-liquor with soap, as previously described, (a greater portion of soap will not injure them,) and are handled often, the strength of the liquor being sustained. After they are about half-tanned they should be shived by a carrier, as they will tan faster.
The ordinary mode of nnhairing hides is with lime alone, which injures the texture of the hide. The salt and soap softens the hide and prevents the lime from eating it and allows the lime to be easily worked out.
A patent has been granted to Hibbard for the use ot'potash with lime andsalt to form a soap to cause the lime to be easily worked out from the hides; but the objection to Hibbards plan is that a portion of the hidegelatineis taken to form the soap, as that unites with the potash. Thus it will be seen that to form the soap the potash is robbed or has an important part taken from it-that part which renders the leather soft and pliable. The soap bate, while cleansing out thelime, softens and opens the pores of the hide for the reception of the tanning-liquor, while the hendung, which is most commonly uscd,closes the pores and leaves them in such a condition that they must be kept a long time in acid liquor to prevent them being hard and of dark color.
Soap and salt solutions will prepare sweathides and kip-skins to make good pliable curried leather, which has been supposed by tanners impossible. Combinations of soap with strong tanning-liquors so mollifies or softens them that green hides may be immersed there in without danger of hardening them or closingthe pores, causing the tannin to penetrate the hide and unite with the gelatine much quicker, neutralizing acidity, thereby preventing the loss of gelatine, and makes a good, lirm,pliable quality of leather. It isa perfect remedy for the evils or extremes which tanners always strive to avoidviz., weak, sour liquors, which make the leather open and spongy, and strong liquors, which make the 1eather hard, close the pores, and prevent the liquors from penetrating into the interior.
2. The employment; or usc of soap, combined with the tan-liquor for tanning the hides, substantially as described.
OTIS B. WATTLES.
Witnesses:
JOHN PEACOCK, GEORGE WA TTLEs.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US13443A true US13443A (en) | 1855-08-14 |
Family
ID=2073773
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13443D Expired - Lifetime US13443A (en) | Improvement in tanning compounds |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US13443A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2527585A (en) * | 1948-04-20 | 1950-10-31 | Richard L Slotter | Wet milling of grain sorghum |
-
0
- US US13443D patent/US13443A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2527585A (en) * | 1948-04-20 | 1950-10-31 | Richard L Slotter | Wet milling of grain sorghum |
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