US1340469A - Typewriting-machine - Google Patents

Description

1. WALDHEIM. TYPEWRKTING MACHINE. APPLICAT\ON FILED NOV. 1, 1917.

1,340,469. Patented May 18,1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

- M'irmses." v N h wi J WALDHEIM.

TYPEWRlTlNG MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED' NOVA, 1911.

1,340,469; Patented May 18,1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

M/fiexesx I W /#05 mix-W W 'yw/mfl Y H 1. WALDHEIM. TYPEWRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. I. l91 7.'

Mf/aessea" 7 scale.

iinirnn snares earner entries.

JOHN KVALDHEIM, 0F ELIZABETH, NEW J ERSEY, ASSIGNOB, TO UNDERWODI) TYPE- VVHIITER COMPANY, 01*? NEW YQR-K, N. '51, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TYPENVRITING-MACHINE.

read es.

Siiecification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 18, 1920.

Application filed November 1, 191?. Serial No. 199,722.

; Heretofore the sets have been arranged side by side, and the platen carriage has been movable from one type-set to the-other. In such machines, it is necessary, at each such shift of theplaten, to reposition the same by means of the usual scale and pointer, each type-set usually having a separate Moreover, there has been the neces sity of making special margin-gage, line-- locking and other mechanisms, owing to the fact of the carriage making these excursions from one typeset to the other.

One object of the present invention, which is illustrated in connection with features disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 196,797, filed October 16, 1917, is to simplify the operation of the machine, by making it unnecessary to ice-position the carriage when making the necessary ez-tcursion from one type et to another. Another object is always to preserve,-in this class of machines, the same relation between the carriage and the keyboard, thus reducing to a minimum the inconvenience to the operator.

- These and other olqects may be attained by arranging the typesets one back of enother, and mounting the platen that may be moved from front to back of the machine into eiiective relation with either type-set. l preferably mount the platen on a secondary carriage, which slidahiy supportedon a primary carriage, the latter con trolled by an escapement mechanism. The two carriages travel together in letter-feed direction, but thesecondary carriage may be moved at right angles to this of travel, to enable the platen to cooperate with either typeset. I I

As an additional feature, I have i rovided. meansfor connecting a single set 0 keys to either type-set. Each typeset has associated therewith a set of intermediate levers.

With these of intermediatelevers there 'nisz'n, coinpi'isin is associated a single set of sub-levers, which may be differently actuated, by the keys, to cooperate with either ,set. of intermediate levers. The key-levers are connected to the sub-levers by links which may be shifted in slots in the sub-levers, so as to change the points of connection thereof, with the sublevers.

The connecting links are preferably automatically controlled by the secondary or platen carriage.

Since a single main carriage is employed, a single letter-feeding escapement may be used, for the two typesets, which may be actuated by either one of two universal bars, one for each type-set.

The case-shift mechanism preferably comprises two connected swinging frames, and a key that may operate them. The platen may be shifted from lower to u per-case by the same key, when it is in e ective relation with either type-set.

A single inking ribbon is preferably used, which is moved from one typeset to another with the platen. I prei rably employ for this purpose a oerriagecarried r. hon, of the type shown in the patent to H. M'cCormack, No. 972,706; The ribbon be fed by the platen line-spacing mechan operating handie which providei'i, one A: The type ide a a of type-b2 is p otaliy. mounted, so that it may be swung out of the way when the pleteh is moved from the tothe fr 'n't t of type bars. This swinging is pr under the control iii a. typewriter earrings. When the platen is moved ironi the front to the rear type-set, the pivoted: type-guide remains in its lowered position until the lat ter part of said movement, and then rises,

- since thebecondary carriage becomes ei'l 'ed tiye, after the platen gassed over the type-guid to throw the latter up to workmy position.

I have illustrated. invention in connec tion with Underwood, but it readily be empioyed with other typewriting machines,

Some of the features may also be used in machines in w ich two, keyboards are provided. Also i other machines in which on. the secondary lliiil back of the machine to bring it into effective.

relation with either set of type-bars.

Fig. 2 is a sectional side view, taken substantially on the line 22 of Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of the arrows on said line.

Fig. 3 is a sectional front view with some of the parts omitted, taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2, and looking in the direction of the arrows on said line. c

Fig. 4 is a view of some of the parts in Fig. 2, showing a key depressed, and the sub-lever effective with one of the front'sets of type-bars. This figure also shows how one end of the sub-lever moves idly away from the intermediate-lever associated therewith.

Fig. 5 is a' side view, partly insection, showing the platen moved into effective relation with the rear set of type-bars, and the connections from the key-levers changed, so that the latter, when depressed, will actuate the rear set of type-bars. The platen is'also shown ineffective relation with the rear shift-frame and the type-guide swung to its effective position.

Fig.6 shows a type-bar of each set with different kinds of type thereon.

Each character key 10, when depressed, moves a key-lever 11, which operates a link 12 to swin a sub-lever 13 about its fulcrum 13. The orward end lof sub-lever 13 engages with a stud 15, to swing a bell-crank "or intermediate lever 16 about a fulcrum 17,

thereby swinging type-bar 18 about its fulcrum 19 to cause either lower-case type 20 or upper-case type 21 to strike against the front side of a rotatable platen 22.

In Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen that there are two type-sets, each comprising type bars 18, arranged one in back of the other.

The platen 22 may be transferred from the full-line position, where it cooperates with the front type-bar set, to the dot-and-dash lineposition, shown in Fig. 2, to render it effective with the rear type-set. \Vhenthe platen is thus moved, the points of connection f the several links 12 with the sublevers 13 are. also changed, to enable them nections, the links 12 are swung about their to operate the other set of type-bars, in a manner which will presently be described. For this purpose, while changing the con- 1 pivots 25 --on the key'levers 11, 'to move ended studs 26, projecting laterally from the links 12, from the forward ends of slots 27 to the -rear ends thereof, as shown in Tf, after transferring the platen to the rear set, any key-lever 11 is depressed, its sub-lever 13 is actuated in a direction opposite to that of Fig. 4. Thus, the rear end 28 of the sub-lever will actuate the rear bellcrank or intermediate lever to swing the type-bar about its fulcrum, and cause the rear types to swin against the front side of the platen. At t is time the forward end 14 of thesub-lever 13 moves idly away from the associated stud 15.

It will be understood that the link-andsub-lever arrangement actuated by the key 11 may be advantageously used in other kinds of typewriting machines. The two typebars associated with the same sub-lever 13 may bear the same characters, but of different characteristics, and either type-bar may be actuated bya single key-lever by 13, and the two intermediate levers or "bell cranks 16, associated therewith, may lie substantially in the same plane, thus avoid ing twisting action and side strain between the key-lever and the intermediate lever 16.

Letter-feeding movements of the platen are controlled by a suitable escapement comprising a pinion 30. The pinion 30 has meshing therewith a rack 31, pivotally supported at 32 on a primary carriage 33. ,The primary carriage 33 travels on front and rear rails 33 and 33", respectively, and has supported thereon a secondary carriage or truck 34, which may beJprovided with grooved rails 35, secured thereto, one at each end, engaging with suitable rollers 35* on the primary carriage. This permits the secondary carriage to be moved at right angles to the direction of travel of the primary carriage to bring the platen 22 carried by the secondary carriage into effective relation with either type-set. The escapement pinion 30 is connected to an escapement wheel 36, by the usual one-way acting pawls (not shown), to transfer rotative movement to the escapement w ieel. A spring drum 37 is effective to mc ,-e the platen in a letterfeed direction and is connected to the primary carriage 33, by a strap 38.

,with. actuated by heels 40 on the type-bars 18. The universal bars 39 form part of a Thus, when the shift-key 65 is depressed, both shift-frames are rocked to move the shift-rails 72 and 77 upwardly. A roller 79, secured to a platen-frame 80, supporting the platen, normally rides over one of the shift-rails 72 and 77, and is moved upwardly therewith to shift the platen-frame 80 to bring the platen 22 to its upper-case position. The platen-frame is carried by the "secondary carriage 34: and is guided in its movement thereon by two arms 81, projecting forwardly from a rock shaft 82, to whichv they are secured. The forward ends of the arms 81 are pivotally connected to studs 83 on the platen-frame 80. To assist in guiding the platen in its case-shift movements, there is provided a pairof auxiliary links 84, each pivotally mounted on the secondary carriage at 85, and extending rearwardly to the platen-frame 80, to. which they may be pivotally connected at 86 in any convenient manner. A suitable counterbalance spring (not shown) may be provided for the rock shaft 82, as in the Underwood machine. p,

;From the foregoing, it will be understood that the platen may be moved in three directions. It may be moved in a vertical direction during case-shifting operations, and in two horizontal directions for letter-feeding movements and for rendering it effec tive with either type-set.

The platen, if moved from one typeset to another while it is in its upper-case position, would drop to its lower-case position, but the shift-rails 72 and 77 are provided with beveled edges, so that as the platen approaches the other type-set, the roller 79 will engage with the beveled edge and ride into its proper relation with its shift-rail, thus shifting the platen back to its uppercase position.

When the type-bars are mountedpn a common fulcrum, usually a type-guide is used. I have provided a fixed type-guide 87 at the printing point for the front'set of type-bars. The rear set of type-bars is pro vided with a type-guide 88, which is pivotally mounted on a sufiiciently wide bearing 89 supported on suitable brackets 90, secured to a type-bar segment 91. This is done to move t type-guide 88 from its effective position (Fig. 5), to its ineffective position (Fig. 2), when the platen is moved from the rear to the front set of type-bars, so that the secondary carriage and platen meet with no obstruction when the platen is so moved.

During the forward movement of the secondary carriage and the platen 22, the upper end of the lever 4:7 moves forwardly, causing an arm 92, extending therefrom, to pull on a link 93 and swing the type-guide 88 about its pivot 89 from the Fig. 5 to the Fig. 2 position. It will be remembered,

that the movement of the lever 47 is con- 3: trolled by the rail 4L5 on the secondary carpivot 89 from the Fig. 2 to the Fig. 5 position. A suitable stop 94 may be provided to arrest the type-guide 88 in its effective position. This stop also steadies the guide and takes up any back thrust that may be imparted to the guide by the type-bars .18.

It will be seen that the rear type-guide is rendered effective simultaneously with the connecting of the keys to the rear set of type-bars.

The line-spacing mechanism for the platen may be similar to that of the Underwood machine and may include a line-spacing handle 95, pivotally supported on thesecondary carriage at 96. The line-spacing handle 95 has projecting therefrom an arm 97, which, when the handle 95 is actuated, engages with a slide 98 to move the latter rearwardly on the platen-frame 80. A pawl 99, during .this movement, engages-with a ratchet wheel 100 secured to a platen-shaft 101, to rotate the platen 22.

Aninking ribbon 102 is provided, which I have preferably shown as mounted on the secondary carriage 34, so that it may be moved with the platen to either type-set. The ribbon bears a fixed relation to the platen and is arranged in front of the platen between brackets, one at each side of the platen, and secured to the platen-frame 80. The ribbon 102 may be fed from one to another of two spools 104, rotatably mount-' ed on brackets 105, supported on the platenframe 80. To feed the ribbon, there is secured to the platen-shaft 101 a gear-wheel 106, which moves with the platen during line-spacing operations. to drive a pinion 107, conveniently secured to one of the spools 104, thus winding the ribbon on one spool from the other. In the drawings, I have shown driving mechanism associated with one spool, but both spools may be provided with similar driving mechanis and ribbon is positioned at such an angle in front of the platen so as to avoid obstruct ing the view of the writing line on the' platen.

By an inspection of Fig. 3, it will be seen that the type-bars are arranged on a curved fulcrum rod and the bell-cranks or intermediate levers 16 are arranged on astraight fulcrum rod. \With this arrangement,

upwardlyextending arms of the bell-cranks 16, from the center to the end ones, increase in length. The forwardly-projeating arms, with which the sub-levers l3 engage, are preferably all of the same length. As the distance of travel of the upper ends of the bell-cranks. forming the connections between the bell-cranks and the type-bars is common to all of the belI cranks, it follows that the angular movement of the bellcranks near the end is less than that of the center bell-cranks. To compensate for. this type sets,

means, includlng keys, so

sets'arranged platen mounted for diiierence in angular movement and retain a uniform key depression ol all of the keys in a single bank, the key-levers may for this purpose be provided with individual fulcrums' 108, which may be arranged at diflerent distances away from the points of connection 25. These'fulcrums may be conveniently supported'on brackets 109 secured to the machine-frame. f' g It will lee-seen that with this arrangement in which the platen is supported on 'the secondary carriage, which is movable independently of the primary carriage, moving the platen from one type-set to another, certain other devices used in the Underwood machine, as, for example, the mar-,.

gin-stops and tabulating mechanism, may cooperate with the primary carriage 33; thus, these devices will remain undisturbed while moving the platen from one type-set v to another.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions. of the improvements may be used without others' ,'Having thus claim:

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of type-sets arranged in line, one back ofanother, said type-sets being mounted so that corresponding elements will "have corresponding movements relative to the rest of the madeseribed my invention, 1

chine,'a platen, mountings for said platen and said type-sets adaptedto permit their relative movement to permit any of said to print upon the platen and for actuating said type-sets. 1 a

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of front-strike typeone-back of another, a single set of keys, ,a normally operative" typeguide'for one set, a normally inoperative type-guide for the other set, means 1 tor rendering said keys eflective with any one of said type sets, andmeans connected thereto to make the second guide operative and inoperative.

In a typewriting mach1ne,the combination of a plurality of means, including a singleset of (eye, for actuating said sets-cf type-liars, and a said intermediate levers, and

set oi type-bars by changing sets ot type-bars,

movement .trom the front to the back of the machine, and in a reverse direction, to render it effective with any one of said sets of type-bars.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality ot-sets-of type-bars actuating. means therefor, including a single set off-keys, of a platen movable in a letter-feed direction, and means adapted to efiect a relative movement between said platen and said sets of type-bars in a direction at right angles to the path of travel 'of' said platemto render said platen effectiveavith any one of said sets or type-bars.

In a type writing machine, the combi-' nation of a plurality of type-sets arranged one back'oi another, a single set-of keys,- a

platen, and means'adapted to effect a rela'- tive movement between said platen. and said type-sets, to render saidgpla'ten effective with any one ot said type-sets.

'6; In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality-0t type-sets arranged one back of another, a single set of keys, a

platen movable into effective relationwith anyone of said-'type-sets, and means for connecting said keys with any one or said type-sets.

-7. lie a typewritingimachine, the combination of. a plurality of typesets one back of another, a single set of keys, a

I, platen movable into effective relation with any one of said type-sets,

a carriage for said 'la'ten, said carriage being movable to render said platen eil'ective with anyone of said type-sets, and means controlled bysaid arranged carriage for connecting the keys with the type-set to which the platen is moved;

each set of mechanism comprising ,a cenakey lever and two trally pivoted sub-lever,

substantially intermediate levers, arranged in the same plane, said sub-lever having a one-way driving connection with each of means tonrenderin said key lever effective with either the connections between said key lever and said sub-lever to g V give-an active stroke to said sub-lever in one direction or the other.

10. In a typewriting machine, bination of two sets of type-bars,

the sets of its mechanisms for actuating said type-bars,

a key lever, a link trally pivoted sub-lever,

said sub-lever and lJWO intermediate levers,

each set of mechanism comprising a cenhaving one-wa 1 driving connections at 01)- posite ends Wit the respective intermediate levers, all of the parts of each set of mechanism being in substantially thesame plane, and means for shifting said links to change the connections between said sub-levers and said key levers. 5

11. In a 'typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of type-sets arranged one back of another, a platen, a single set of keys, means for permitting a relative movement between the type-sets and said platen to bring. about an effective relation of the platen and any one of said t pe-sets, and means to changethe efi'ective re ation of said keys with said type-sets in accordance with the 'type-set between which and the platenan efiective relation is established.

12 In a typewriting machine, the combiyltion of two sets of type-bars, a set of. 'su '-levers having fixed fulcru ms, two sets I of intermediate levers having fixed fulcrums and adapted to connect the sub-levers to the type-bars, one set associatedwith each; set

of type-bars, and means,-including keys, for actuating said sub-levers in one direction to actuate one set of type-bars or in the opposite directlon to actuate the other set of typebars.

13. In a ,typewriting machine, the combination oil. two sets of type-bars, a single set of keys, a single set'of sub-levers having connections for actuating either set oftypebars each of said sub-levers having a single fixed fulcrum, a set of links connecting said ke s with said sub-levers, and means for shifting said links to engage on either side ofsaid fulcrums.

14;. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two sets of type-bars, a single set of key levers, a single set of sub-levers, each of said sub-levers having a single fixed fulcrum, and means to actuate either set of type-bars, including connections between said key levers and said sub-levers settable for positively swinging said sub-levers in clockwise or counter-clockwise directions in accordance with the typebars to be actu ated.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type-bar, and means for actu, ating said type-bar, said means comprising a bell crank, a centrally pivoted sub-lever engaging with said bell crank, said sub-lever having a slot therein, a key lever, and a link connecting said. key lever with said sublever, said link engaging in the slot of said sub-lever and being movable therein to either side of the center of said sub-lever.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two sets of type-bars, two sets of intermediate levers, one for each set of type-bars, and a set of sub-levers associated with said sets of intermediate levers, each sub-lever being so disposed that one and in saidslots, so that the sub-levers may be reversely actuated.

'18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type-bars, each type-bar having means for actuating it, said means comprising a bell-crank, a sub-leveri said sub-lever having a slot therein, a fu crum for said sub-lever, a key-lever, and a link pivotally connected to said key-lever, the slot in said sub-lever being substantially at right angles to the plane in which said fulcrums and the points of connection of the links with said key-levers lie, and means vfor moving one end of said link in said slot.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combinationof two sets of type-bars, each typebar having a plurality of types thereon, means for actuating either set of type-bars, said means comprising a single set of sublevers, each of which is mounted for movement about a single-fixed fulcrum, and a set of keys, and means for connecting said keys differently with said sub-levers so. that the latter may be differently moved to actuate either set of type-bars.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two sets of type-bars, means for actuating said type-bars, said means comprising a single set of sub-levers having slots therein, each of said sub-levers being mounted for movement about a single fixed fulcrum, key-levers, links connecting said keylevers with said-sub-levers, and means for shifting said links in said slots so that the sub-levers may be reversely actuated by said key-levers.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type-bar, means for actuating said type-bar, said means comprising an in-- termediate lever, a slab-lever engaging with said intermediate lever, said sub-lever being mounted for movemeht about a single fulcrum, a key lever, and a link connecting said key lever with said sub-lever, and means for bination of a type-bar, means for actuating said type-bar, said means comprising a bell crank, a sub-lever engaging with said bell crank, said sub-lever being mounted for movement about a single fulcrum, a key lever, and a link connecting said key lever with said sub-lever, said link being shiftable i so bination of a plurality of type-sets-arranged relatively to the said sub-lever from one side 'to the other of said single fulcrum.

23. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of type sets, a single set of keys, a primary carriage, a secondary secondary carriage to disconnect said keys from .one type-set and to connect them with the other type-set.

25. In "a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of typesets arranged one back of another, a single set of keys, a carriage, and means controlled by said carriage for connecting said keys with any one of said type-sets. 1

26. In a typewriting machine, the comone back of another, a platen in position to totiperate with one of said type-sets, and in advance of a position to cooperatewith another type-set, a carriage adapted'taflnove said platen to receive imprints freriij either type-set, a single set of keys, and means for automatically rendering said keys elfective 3 with any one of said type-sets according to the position of the platen. y y

- \27. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, of two sets of typebars, sets of mechanisms foractuating said type-bars, each set of mechanism comprising a sub-lever and two intermediate levers arranged substantially in the same plane, a key lever, and means controlled from said Carriage adapted to automatically disconnect said keys from one set of type-b rs and connect them with the otherset of typ -bars.

.28. In a. typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality of type-sets, each including upper and lower-case characters,

ot' a platen mounted for movement in one direction for letter-spacing, in a second direction for *ase-shift, and in a third direction to determine with which of said typesets said platen shall cooperate.

, 29. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality of type-sets, each having upper and lower-case characters, of

a platen mounted for movement in one .direction horizontally for letter-feeding, in another direction horizontally fordetermining withwhich of said type-sets said platen shall cotiperate, and for movement vertically to change from one case to the other.

30. In a typewritingmachine, the comat rest.

32. In a typewrit ng machine, the com-.

bination of a plurality of typesets,.each set having a different kind 'of print and comprising upper and lower-case types, and a platen movable in a letter-feed direction and in two directions at right angles to the first mentioned direction for case-shifting andtype-changing.

31; In a typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality of-type-sets', and a separate set of independently-operable typebars for each type-set, each of said type-sets including characters of a plurality of cases,

of a primary carriage and escapement therefor, a secondary carriage, and -a platen supported by said secondary carriage, said secondary carriage being movable independently of said primary 'arriage, to render said platen effective with any ,one of said type sets.

In a typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality of type-sets, and a separate set of independentlyoperable typebars for each type-set, each of said type sets including characters of a plurality of cases, of a. primary carriage, a secondary carriage, and a platen supported by said secondary carriage, said secondary carriiige being 1novable relatively to said primary carriage to render'said platen effective with anyone of said type-sets.

34:. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of type-sets arranged one back of another, a primary carriage, an escapement therefor, a secondary carriage, and a platen supported by said secondary carriage, said carriages being adapted to be moved together during letterrfeeding movements, and said secondary carriage being movable independently of said' primary carriage to bringsaid platen intoeffective rela' tion with any one ofsaid type-sets.

35. In a typewritingmachine, the combination w-ith'a pluralityof ty'pe-sets, and a separate set of'independently-operable' typebars for each type-set, each of said typesets including characters of a plurality of cases, of a primary carriage, a secondary carriage, anda platen supported-by said secondary carriage, said secondary carriage being mov-- able at right angles to the path ottravcl of said primary carriage, to render the platen effective with anyone of said type-sets.

'36. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a primary carriage, a plurality of sets of type-ba'rs, each of which carries characters of a plurality of cases, a secondary carriage, and a rotatable platen supported to permit ease-shift movement on said secondary carriage, said secondary carriage being movable independently and at rightangles to the path of the travel of said primary carriage to selectively cooperate with any set of type-bars.

, 37. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type-bars, each of which carries characters of'a plurality of cases, aprimary carriage, an escapement forsaid carriage, a secondary carriage, and a rotatable platen supported on said secondary carriage for case-shift movement with respect thereto, the latter being movable independently and at right angles to the direction of-movement of said primary carriage.

38. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type-bars, each of which carries characters of 'a plurality of cases, a primary carriage, an escapement therefor, a secondary carriage, and a rotatable platen supported on said secondary carriage for caseshi'ft movement thereon, said carriages being adapted to move together durin letter-feeding movements, and said secon ary carriage being movable independently of said primary carriage.

39. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of type-sets, a platen, a carriage, a single set of keys, there being arelative shifting movement between said type-sets and said platen to render the platen effective with any one of said typesets, and a single escapeinent for said carriage under the control of said keys.

40. In a typewriting machine, the combination with two sets of type-bars, of a carriage comprising a platen movable into effective relation with any one of said sets of type-bars, a single set of keys to actuate either set of type-bars, and an eseapement 'for said carriage adapted to be actuated by any one of said sets of type-bars.

41. In a typewriting machine, the combination with acarriage, of two sets of typebars arranged one back of another, a plurality of universal bars,.one for eaehset of type-bars, and ,an escapement for said car" riage adapted to be actuated by either one of said universal bars.

42. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, of a plurality of sets of type-bars, a single set of keys for said I type-bars, an escapement for sand carriage,

and a floating frame adapted to be actuated by either set of type-liars to actuate said escapement.

43. In a typewriting inachine, the combination with a carriage, of a plurality of sets. of type-bars, an escapement for said carriage,and a floating frame comprising a plurality of universal bars, one for each set of type-hare 45. In a typewriting machine, the eombi-.

nation of a plurality of type-sets arranged oneback of another, a platen, means for moving said, platen=into effective relation with any oneofsaid type-sets, case-shiftin means comprising a plurality of shi frames, and a key for actuating said shift frames to shift the platen when the latter is in effective relation with any one of said typessets.

46. In a typewritin machine, the combination with a plurality of typesets, of a primary carriage, a secondary carriage, and

a platen'supported' by said secondary;;car-

riage, said secondary carriage fbeinginovable relatively to said primary carriage to render said platen effective withany.fione'of said type-sets, said, platen being supported for case-shifting movements on said. secondary carriage.

47. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pluralit ofltype-sets, a primary carriage, a secon ary carriage, a platen frame carried by said secondary carriage, a platen supported by said platen frame, said secondary carriage being movable relatively to said primary carriage, to bring the platen into effective relation with any one of said type-sets, and means for shifting said platen frame relatively to said secondary carriage, to effect case-shift movements of said platen.

i8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of type-sets arranged one back of another, each set havin upper and lower-case types, a single set of Eeys for actuating said type-sets, case-shifting means, and a single platen with which said typesets may cooperate.

49. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type-bars, each having thereon characters of a plurality of cases, a primary carriage, a secondary carriage, a platen supported by said secondary carriage for case shift movement with respect thereto, said secondary carriage being movable relzltively said carriages together, and releasing means for said locking means.

51. In a type'writing machine, the combination of a plurality of type-sets, each of which includes characters of a plurality of cases, a primary carriage, a secondary carriage, a platen supportedon said secondary'carriage, said secondary carriage being movable relatively 'to said primary carriage, to bring the platen into effective relation with any one of said type-sets, and means for locking said primary carriage to said secondary carriage.

52. In a type-bar typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality of typesets, each of which includes characters of different cases, each set on its own set of separately-operable type-bars, of a primary carriage, a secondary carriage, a platen on said secondary carriage, said secondary carriage being movable relatively to said primary carriage to render the platen effective with either type-set, stops for limiting the movement of said secondary carriage when it is so moved, and means for locking said secondary carriage in its moved position.

In a ty mwriting machine, the combination with a platen mounted for forward and rearward movement, and a set oftypebars, of a type-guide, and means for movingsaid type-guide away from said platen upon forward movement, and for restoring said type-guide to 'normal position upon rearward movement of said platen.

54, In a typewriting machine, thecombination with a platen and a set of type-bars, of a type-guide, a movable platen-support, and means, controlled by-said platen-support, for moving said type-guide out of the path of said platen. v

55. In a ty iewritin e machine, the combination with a set of' type-bars, of a device, incliiding a platen, movable in a direction at right angles to letter-feedingmovements thereof, a type-guide, and means, control led by said device, for moving said type-guide out of the path of said platen.

56. In a typewrit-ing machine, the combination with a set of type-bars, of a platen movablev in a direction at right angles to letter-feeding movements thereof, a type. guide, and means rendered effective by movement of said platen for moving the type-guide out of the path of said platen.

57.111 a typewriting machine, the combination with aset of type-bars, of a platen, a carriage for said platen, said platen being movable in a direction at right angles to letter-feeding movements thereof, a typegnide, and means for moving said typeguide out of the --path of said platen. said means being controlled by said carriage.

58. In. a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and ty 'ie-bars. f'a type-guide, type-har-actnating meansnneans typeQbai's to another.

to render said actuating means effective or ineffective, and means for rendering .said typeguide effective when said actuating means is effective.

59. In a typewriting. machine, ,the combination with a platen and type-bars, of a type-guide, type-bar-actuating means settable to effective or ineffective condition, means for rendering said type-guide effective upon a setting of said type-bar-actuating means to effective condition, and a stop for said type-guide.

(it). In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and type-bars, of a type-guide, said platen being adapted to move past said type-guide, and means for moving said type-guide to an effective posi- Lion after the platen has been so moved.

61. In a typewriting machine, the combination with. a platen and type-bars, of a pivoted t \;'pe-gnide, said platen oeing adapted to move past said type'guide, and means ('(mtrolled by said platen for swinging said type-guide into an effective or ineffective position.

62. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen. of two sets oftypebars arranged one back of another, two typeguides. one for each set of type-bars, said platen being adapted to move from,,one set of type-bars to the other, the type-guide associated with the rear setof type -bars being normally ineffective and out of the path of' the platen, and means adapted to move the last-mentioned type-guideto an. effective position when the platen is moved to the rearset of type-bars. i

type-guides. one vfor each type-set, means adapted to effect a relative movement between said platen and said type-sets toren-' dcr said platen effective with any oneof saidtype-scts, and means for moving one or said type-guides to an unobstrnctabie position,

64. In a. typewriting machine. the comhi nation with two sets of type-bars, oii a platen. two type-guides, one for each set of: type-bars. a single set of keys. means for moving said platen from one set of type bars to another. and means adapted. to change the connection of said keys relatively to said type-sets and to move said type guide out of the path of said platen when the latter is thus beingn'ioved.

($5. In a. typewriting machine. the combination with two sets of type ba-rsarranged one back oi another. of a platen. two typeguides. one for each setot type-bars, means ing' said platen from one set of' type-bars to another. and means for swinging one of'said typegmdes out of the path of said platen whenthe latter is moved from one set of binationvvith a set of type-bars, of a; t

66. In a typewriting machine, the com- YP guide, a primary carriage, a secondary-carriage, a platen on said secondary carriage, the latter beingmovable at right angles tc the path of travel of the primary carriage, and means controlled by said secondary fcarriage to move said type-guide out of the path of said secondary carriage.

67. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality of typesets and a carriage comprising a platen, of a plurality of type-guides, one for each type'set, and means controlled by said carriage folr moving one of said type-guides away from said platen. I

68. In a typewriting machine, the combination With a plurality of type-sets, of a primary carriage, a secondary carriage, a platen, a plurality of type-guides, one for each type-set, one of said carriages being effective to move said platen into effective relation with any one of said typesets, and means controlled by the carriage to move one of said type-sets out of the path of said platen.

69. In a typewriting machine, the combination with two sets of type-bars, of a primary carriage, a secondary carriage, a platen on said secondary carriage, a single set ofkeys, two type-guides, one for each set of type-bars, said secondary carriage being adaptedto move said platen away from one set of type-bars and into effective relation with the other set of type-bars, and means controlled by said secondary carriage for rendering the type-guide associated with the last-mentioned set of type-bars effective.

70. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of two type-sets, two type-guides, one for each type-set, a single set of keys, and means for simultaneously effecting the following operations, namely, to move the platen to an effective relation with one of said type-sets, to move the type guide associated with the last-mentioned type-set to its effective position, and to connect the keys with the last-mentioned typeset. a a

71. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality of type-sets, each type-set including upper and lower-case characters, and a platen, of a ribbon, and means for moving said ribbon bodily into effective relation with any one of said typesets.

72. In a typewriting machine, the com-- bination With a platen, of a plurality of type-sets, each of which includes upper and lower-case characters, a ribbon, and means for moving said platen and said ribbon into effective relation with any one of said typesets.

73. In a typewriting machine, the comon said supplementary bination with a platen, of a plurality of type-sets arranged ore back of another, a ribbon, and means for moving said platen. and said ribbon into effective relation with any one of said type-sets. 1

T4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage comprising a platen, of a plurality of type-sets, each of which includes upper and lowercase characters, and a ribbon, said carriage being movable to bring said ribbon and said platen into effective relation with any one of said type-sets.

75. In a typewriting machine, the com bination with a carriage comprising a platen, of a plurality of type-sets, -each of which includes upper and lower-case characters, and a ribbon, said ribbon being supported by said carriage and movable with said platen into effective relation with any one of said typesets.

76. In a typewriting machine, the combination with types, of a main carriage, a supplementary carriage, a platen mounted for case-shift movement on said supplementary carriage, and a ribbon car/ed by said supplementary carriage.

77. In a typewriting machine, the combination with types, of a main carriage, a supplementary carriage, a platen mounted carriage for caseshift movement with respect thereto, a ribbon carried by said supplementary carriage, line-spacing mechanism for said platen, and ribbon-feeding mechanism controlled by said linespacing mechanism.

78. In a typewriting machine, the combination with types, ot a main carriage, a supplementary carriage, a platen mounted on said supplementary carriage for aseshift movement with respect thereto, a ribbon carried by said supplementary carriage, line-spacing mechanism for said platen, and ribbon-feeding mechanism controlled by said linespacing mechanism, said ribbonfeeding mechanism and said line-spacing mechanism being supported by said supplementary carriage.

79. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a plurality of type-sets, each having upper and lower-case characters, of a primary carriage, a secondary carriage, a platen carried thereby and movable into effective relation with any one of said typesets, and means carried by s i'd secondary carriage for line-spacing s i( platen.

80. In atypewriting zgchine, the combination of a plurality/(ff type-sets arranged one back of anotherfa primary carriage, a secondary carriage, a platen carried thereby, said secondary carriage being adapted to be movedat right angles to the path of travel of said primary carriage to bring said platen into'effective relation With any one r with said platen, each type-bar having a,

of said typesets, and means carried by said secondary carriage t'or line-spacing said platen.

81. In a typewritlng machine, the combination with a platen, of two type-sets,

keys, two type-guides, onetor each type-set, a single ribbon, and means for simultaneonsly effecting the following operations, namely, to move said ribbon and said platen from one type-set to another, to move the type-guide associated with the last-mew tioned type-set to its'elileetive positiom'and to connect the keys with the last-mentioned type-set.

82. The combination with a platen, of a plurality of sets 01 type-bars cooperating plurality of types thereon, a plurality of intermed iate elements, each intermediate element being connected to a type-bar ineaeh set, keys connected to actuate, said intermediate eleni'ents, actuating means cooperative with said intermediate elements, means.

for shifting said cooperative means, so that the intern'iediate elements may be aetuated differently by said keys to actuate the type bars of any one of the dill'erent s ets,.a .nd means l'or seleetingany one of the types on each type-bar.

H3. The com'bimition with a platen, of a plurality ol type-sets arranged in line, one back of another, each setcomprising upper and lower case types, saidt'ype-sets being separated from each other, aetuating means including key-levers in line in front, means 'to cause a relative movement between said type-sets and said platen to render either set efl'ective with'said platen, and a stop to limit said relative movement.

St'lhe combination with a platen, of a plurality of type-sets arranged in li.ne,'one

back o'f-another,each set comprising upper andlower ease types, said type sets' being separated from each other, actuating means including key-levers in line in .lront, means: .to-eause a relative movement between said type-sets and said platen ,to rendereither' set elleetive with sai(l.;'lateli, a stopto limit.

connection between said single set of keys and either of said type-sets.

fli. The combination with a platen, olia,

(ill 1 pluralityof type-setsarranged in line, one

baekot' another, each comprising types oi" a plurality of cases, a s ngle set of keys and-.

key-levers in linein lront.,-means wherebysaid platen and either of said type-sets nay be brmight into ell'ective relation,-ainl means for ell'eeting operative connectimi between said single set of keysand either ol' said type-sets. I t

87. In a typewrating-"machine, the combination with a plurality oi type-sets arranged in line, one back of another, of a single'set of keys in front ol the sets, keyartuated means l'or actuating any of said type-sets, mechanism tending to render said key-actuated means inell'eetive with respect to one of saidtype-sets, and elfeetive with respect to another, and means including a earriage for-controlling said mechanism.

88. In a typewriting machine, the conibination of a plurality of type-sets arranged .one bark of another, a platen positioned to cooperate wit-h one of said. type-sets, and movable to the rear of the first position to cooperate with another type-set, asingle set of keys, and means for rendering said lwysell'eetive. with any one of said type-sets.

.' .lO llN \VALDHEIM.

.WitnesseS':

.( NIJlI'J'IHNI'R A. NEWELL,

ELLA A. JOLIDON.

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