US1338335A

US1338335A - Drawing-press

Info

Publication number: US1338335A
Application number: US180758A
Authority: US
Inventors: Smith Reuben Stanley
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-07-16
Filing date: 1917-07-16
Publication date: 1920-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 1937-04-27

Description

R. 8. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED J.ULY 16, I917.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Q EJ4WITNE SSEE%:%% INVENTOR.

W; W %M ATTORNEY! R... S. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS.

AFPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1917.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

WITNESSES: 'INVENTOR WM P/(2% $w$ H BY 5M ATTORNEY? R. 8. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS. APPLICATION FILED JULY 6.19m

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

INVENTOR E ua WITNESSES W ATTOR N EY! R. S. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, I9I7.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHEET 4.

R, 8. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 15,1917.

1,338,335. a e ted Apr. 27, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5- IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/(IIIIII/IIIIIII/III/l/II IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII WITNESSES: INVENTOR ATTORNEY? REUBEN STANLEY SMITH, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

DRAWING-PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr, 2'7, 1920.

Application filed July 16, 1917. Serial No. 180,758.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, REUBEN STANnEY SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, county of Milwaukee, and State of Wisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in Drawing-Presses, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in drawing presses.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a form of press in which the mov able working member, or members, may be actuated at a speed and with a degree of power suited to the requirements of the work in any given stage of the cycle of operations, whereby a working member, (either punch or matrix), may be quickly advanced from its work receiving position to a point near the work engaging position, then retarded and caused to slowly come into engagement with the work, then allowed to dwell without movement, if desired, then again advanced at a speed suitable for a working operation and with adequate power for such an'operation, then allowed to again dwell without movement, if desired, and then quickly retracted to the initial position, and again allowed to dwell, if desired, pending the commencement of a second cycle of operations.

More particularly, my primary object is to provide means whereby the motion of a movable work shaping member, or set of members, may be independently developed from a plurality of simple crank or eccentric mechanisms which are independently driven and which may be arranged and operated in such a manner that the developed movements may either be added in the work shaping member, or members, or, if desired, in such a manner that one such mechanism drives one working member of the press,

and the other another working member, and whereby such movements may be developed, in whole or in part, in sequence and to any desired extent simultaneously.

This primary object of my invention also includes the provisionof means whereby the various movements and stages of movement may be automatically controlled and developed in a predetermined order or cycle of operations, and whereby all parts of the actuating and controlling mechanism, which require adjustment or the attention of operatives, may be located exterior to the frame of the press proper, or at least sufficiently distant from the crank mechanisms and work shaping members to facilitate readjustments or repairs and to allow the same to be accomplished without in any way affecting the adjustments of the working parts of the press.

Heretofore drawing presses have ordinarlly been so constructed that-the movable work shaping member (plunger or matrix), engages the work while traveling at considerable speed. Therefore, the clamping operation must not only be performed instantaneously, vbut the inertia of the opposing member of the clamp or .work supporting member must be instantly overcome and the drawing operation must simultaneously be commenced, the total effect being that of striking the work with a hammer blow to effect the clamping operation and force the work into the matrix. In such machines, it is not only necessary to support said clamping member im work holding position up to the instant that the clamping operation takes place and then instantly develop motion therein corresponding in speed with the 'movement of the work shaping member, but

it is also necessary to support the clamping member in such a mannerthat it cannot recoil and release the clamping pressure upon the work. For these reasons, great difi'iculties have been'experienced in the practical operation of drawing presses for heavy stock or for large blanks. Further, it has been found'that by suddenly commencing the drawing" operation, with the work shapingmember moving at maximum speed, suflicient time is not allowed for molecular displacement, and serious deterioration re sultsin the strength of the material; ,In drawing presses as ordinarilyconstructed, it has beenimpossible to overcome these difii culties, except by. operating the driving mechanism at such a "slow speed that the commercial value of'the press is seriously impaired, v The above mentionedflifficulties have heredrawing presses in which the movable 'wc'irk shaping member is operated from K a crank shaft, for. the reason-that the "crank imparts the most rapid motion to the movable mem: her, in the intermediate portion of'its stroke, .the movement being retarded as the' crank approaches the so call edt'deadfcent'er line.

tofore been particularly" pronounced in it The work clamping operation, therefore, takes place when the crank is transmitting motion with considerable speed, for it must thereafter transmit motion equal to the depth of the matrix before reaching the dead center line. The work clamping and the initial drawing operation, together with the initial joint movement of the clamping members in the same direction, while maintaining continuous clamping pressure, must take place virtually simultaneously, and this creates a critical stage in the operation of the press, imposing great strains upon the working parts, and requiring adjustments to a degree of nicety almost beyond the range of what is practically possible.

Attempts have also been made to avoid these difiiculties by substituting complex power transmitting mechanism for the simple crank movements ordinarily employed in drawing presses to develop the motion of the plunger or punch, and in some instances it hasbeen attempted to design the be lifted to approximately the to level of the placing the blanks, and whereb press in such a manner that, by actuatin the plunger or punch during one stage 0 the operation and then actuating the die or matrix during another stage, the movement of one member maybe utilized to effeet the clamping operation, while the movement of the other member effects the drawing operation. But such mechanisms as heretofore constructed, greatly com licate the press and increase the difliculty 0 pro erly inserting the blanks, it being desirab e that the matrix be stationary, whereby it may. be provided with gages to facilitate other attachments, suchfor example, as lank feeding devices may be utilized.

nmy construction it is possible to have the knock out plate, or auxiliary clamping member,-positioned at the same height as the top of the matrix to receive the work, and this is a factor of considerable importance, since otherwise (where it is necessary to have the knock out plate positioned above the matrix)T it is exceedingly diflicult to place the work and also to provide a satisfactory way of attaching gages or positioning devices I therefore prefer to employ a rigidly supported, stationary matrix, and a movable clamping knock out plate which may matrix to receive the work, an which may move downwardly within the matrix co.- incidentally with the movement of the plunger or punch. I also prefer to provide means for retracting the plun er or punch before the work is delivered from the matrix by the knock out plate, since otherwise it is necessary to em loy a stripper plate tore'move the blank rom the punch.

M invention contemplates the use of two cran shafts, or sets of cranks, so arranged that the motion developed by one set will be added to that developed by the other set, and so actuated that one crank shaft or set of cranks will perform a half revolution and develop suflicient motion in the movable work shaping member to bring it to full clamping position with slow movement, which ceases as the crank reaches the dead center line. Thereupon the second, or work shaping, stage will be performed by a half revolution of the other crank shaft, or set of cranks, during which, the motion of the Work shaping member is slowly accelerated, reaching the maximum speed during the intermediate portion or stage of the drawing operation, and again retarded during the finalstage as the crank ag'ain'approaches the dead center line. The cranks of the respective sets may be actuated in alternate half turn movements. The movable work shaping member, therefore, practically comes to rest, (and may be permitted to completely come to rest), upon clamping the work and preparatory to the commencement of the drawing operation, the maximum power of the first mentioned crank is exerted for the clamping operation, whereas the second crank develops its maximum power in the initial sta es of the drawing operation and again in t e final stage. The movements of the cranks are, however, so far independent that the motion of the sec ond crank may be commenced at any desired stage of the movement'of the first crank, and the bearings of each may be independently ad'usted toward or away from the matrix.

y invention also has for its object, the perfection of means for exerting great pressure upon the side walls of the matrix, during the final work shaping operation, the side walls of the matrix being inwardly movable under such pressure fora short distance and with a comparatively quick thrust or blow upon the work, whereby the latter is forced to more perfectly conform to the contour of the matrix cavity and whereby inequalities or irregularities may be ressed out.

urther, my invention contemplates a reduction in the number ofparts of a drawing press to a minimum and the location of controlling devices and power transmitting parts at exterior points where access may be readily had and re airs made without dismanthng or inter ering with the adjustments of the press itself.

- In drawing presses as heretofore constructed, the actuating gears and connections therefrom to the operating parts of the. press have usually been arranged above the floor line with reference to which the press is set. In particular, the shaft carrying the eccentrics for actuating the punch or male member of the set of dies has been arranged at the top of the press, and the trains of gears between the driving shaft and the said eccentric shaft have been placed at the ends of the press and at the rear side thereof. This arrangement of gears has constituted a source of danger to the workmen and has necessitated the provision of guards to prevent accident, and has interfered with access to the operating parts of the press from all sides. Again, the location of the parts at the top of the press has rendered their adjustment more difficult by reason of their lack of read accessibility. But by placing all of suc parts below the floor level, as in my present construction, the bed of 'the press with the matrix is accessible from all'sides without' any interference from the Operating mechanism, and the work may be handled with the greatest facility. At the same time, the dangers heretofore existing are entirely removed, and the driving connections are within easy reach for adjustment. The provisionsfor exerting pressure upon the side walls of the matrix to impart a more perfect contour to the article drawn 7 into shape by the dies, involves a new arcommon to the axis of the crank shafts, but

releasing position.

rangement of the matrix with reference to the bed of the press, In prior constructions, the matrix has beenplaced upon and secured to the bed, but in my improved press the matrix is set into the bed, so that the face of the latter is formed with a flush surface, or table top, upon which the work may be handled with increased facility. The mechanisms which I employ for giving lateral movement to the sides of the matrix, so as to apply a squeezing pressure to the work being drawn into shape, are arranged within the bed and below the surface thereof, so that no obstruction is present when. the blanks are fed to the press and the shaped bars formed from such blanks by the members 03 and e simila'grly connected with diesof the press are withdrawn.

In the drawings,.. Figure 1 is an end elevation of my 'improved press with the side bumping or lateral pressure applying mechanism removed. Fig. 2 is a sectional view drawn to "a plane showing the gearing and upper portion of tlie press in full.'

' Fig. .3 is a detail view in vertical section, illustrating the side bumping apparatus in Fig. 4 is a'detail view of stripping mechanism, which may be employed to remove the work from'the punch. 'Fig. 5 is a motion diagram.

Fig. 6"is. an enlarged detail view in side elevation of the timing-mechanism; j.

Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10 ar'e fragmentary views on a still largerscale showlng parts of the timing mechanism, Fig. 8 showing a portion of the wheel 98 as viewed from left to right in Fig. 6, and partly in section drawn generally on line 8-8 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is a development of the timing drum showing the relation of the adjustable cam lugs to each other.

Fig; 12 is a motion diagram of the timing mechanism.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view illustrating my is applied to a form of press having-an exterior blank holder, or clamping member,

through which the punchloperates.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

In the specific embodiment of my invention illustrated in the drawings, the driving mechanism is located below the work shaping members, the latter comprising, in Fig. 1, merely the matrix or die 1 and the plunger or 'punch 2. The matrix is illustrated as the stationary member, this being mounted upon a table 3 carried at the upper end of a main frame 4; The plunger 2 is the movable work shaping member. It is supported from a. vertically movable frame 6, composed ofend cross heads or bars a and b respectively, connected with each-other by rods 0, having threaded ends and clamping nuts 0, whereby the length of the frame may bevaried by adjusting the nuts. This frame is supported to slide within a carrier frame 8, composed of cross heads or end each other by rods f, and also havif1g threaded ends and clam-ping nuts, )3, whereby the length of the frame may be varied.

This carrier frame is guided in main frame bearings at 9.

The rods c of frame 6 extend through guide bearings in the member 03 of the carrier frame 8 and. frame 6 is suspended from said member d, by .ashaft 10, journaled the carrier: frame and provided with eccentrics .12, operating Within connecting members 13 pivotally secured to-the lower or membersfl' 3 to raise and lower frame 6 relatively tolframe8z' I v Both frames, however, may besimultaneously actuated in. a vertical direction a from ,a shaft .20,-

ournaled in the 'mainframel and provided with eccentrics 21 operating within connecting members or arms 22, the depending extremities of which are pivoted to cross head 6 of the carrier frame 8. When this shaft 20 is rotated, motion will be transmitted through the carrier frame 8 to correspondingly raise and lower shaft 10, which carries with it the plunger supporting frame.

With the above described construction, it is obvious that, when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, if shaft 10 be rotated a one-half turn, frame 6 will be depressed by the eccentrics 12 sufliciently to bring the plunger into contact with the work or blank A, thereby clamping the blank between the plunger 2 and a clamping plate 25, supported withinthe matrix by rods 26 connected with frame 8. If the rotation of shaft 10 be then stopped upon completing its half turn movement, the work will be held in the described position without having entered the matrix. thereupon also rotated a, one-half turn from the position in which it is illustrated in Fig.

. 1, the carrier frame 8 will be moved downwardly, carrying shaft 10 with it, and transmitting a further downward movement through said shaft 10 to the frame 6 and plunger 2, the plunger beifig now accompanied in its movement by clamping plate 25, which is connected with the carrier frame 8 as above explained. This movement forces the work into the matrix 1 for a shaping operation.

After the shaping operation, shaft 10 may be again rotated a one-half turn, thereby transmitting motion through its eccentrics 12 to raise the frame 6 and withdraw plunger 2 from the matrix. Subsequently, a second half turn of. shaft 20 will lift the carrier frame 8, thereby also lifting frame 6 and plunger 2 to its ori 'nal position, as illustrated in Fig. 1, and a o lifting clamping plate 25 to the Fi 1 position, said plate thus performin the unction of a knock out plate to lift t e-shaped blank from the matrix. a j

Actuating mechanism.

Both of the shafts 10 and 20 respectivel may be actuated from a main driving sha adapted totransmit motion through suitable motion transmitting connections to the respective shafts 10 *and 20. Clutch mechanism may-be employed to connect up either shaft and its .motion transmittin connections with themain driving sha 30, and to disconnect theigears of the other train, Shaft 30 may, if desired, be continuously driven, and the. clutch mechanism may be automatically shifted, whereby the shafts 10 and 20 may be operated in predetermined timed relation to each other, and the speed of each may conform to the requirements of But if shaft '20 be the work, since the relative speed of either shaft depends upon the character of its own power transmitting connections.

For example, motion may be transmitted I from shaft 30 to shaft 10 through gear wheels 33 and 34, pinion 35, gear wheel 36, inion 37, and gear wheels 38, 39, and 40. he shafts which carry the gear wheels 36, and 38, and pinion 37 are journaled in a swinging frame 43. The shaft which carries gear wheel 39 is journaled in connecting frame 45 which operatesas a link frame having its respective ends hung upon shaft 10 and shaft 46, the latter serving also as a p'v ot shaft to connect swinging frame 43 with the link frame 45. With this construction, shaft lO may be moved vertically by the carrier frame 8 without disengaging its driving gears.

The main driving shaft 30 may also transm'it motion to shaft 20 throu h ear wheels 48 and 49, pinion 50, gear w ee 51,- pinion 52, and gear wheel 53, the latter being fast on shaft 20. Shaft 20 is mounted in fixed bearings in frame 4, and therefore it is not necessary to mount the transmitting gears on swinging frames as is the case with the Side bumping apparatus.

In the construction illustrated, the matrix comprises two separable sections 55 and 56, the bottom walls of which are preferably formed-to interact. The interacting sections of these walls are adapted to slide toward and awe from each other upon a table 54. Suitab e filler blocks'58 and lining members 58' are referably employed within the matrix. he sections 55 and 56 of the shoe are provided with extensions 57 in which tog le members 59 are loosely socketed. 8%) matrix, are provided with cam shaped toggle members 61, loosel engaging the toggle members 59, the members 61 being pre erably loosely interlocked in rounded afts 60, one on each side of the sockets in the toggle members 59. An oscillatory motionis transmitted to the shafts 60 from the main actuating shaft 30 through -gear 'wheels 65 and 66, crank 67, rod 68, bell crank 69, rod 70, toggl: links 71 and .7 2,

ing operation. of the punch has been performed, the side walls of the matrix may be pressed inwardly by actuating gear wheel 65 a one-half turn.

Timing and clutch mechanism. To automatically start and stop the punch ear wheel 65 is inclutch connecactuating cranks, and the side bumping mechanism, whereby each may operate during a definite interval in proper sequence, I preferably employ means for automatically shifting a set of clutches on shaft 30, whereby the several trains .of gears,'above described, may. be set in operation and the motion stopped at the proper time, brakes being employed, if desired.

In Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, I have illustrated timing apparatus suitable for my purpose, but it is not intended thereby to indicate that' this or any automatic mechanism is essentialto my invention, it not being my intention to limit the scope of my invention to a structure which includes automatic or any specific form of control, the automatic control being regarded as a desirable, but not an essential feature. In the construction illustrated, gear wheels 33,48

and 65, constituting the driving gears of therespective trains which operate shafts 10 and 20 of the crank motion mechanisms,

and shaft 60 of the side bumping mecha-' nism respectively, are each provided with a clutch at 80, one of the members of which is adapted to be shifted by a lever 81, mo-

- tion for shifting the clutchinto and out of motion transmitting position being derived from a timing drum 82, provided with clutch actuating sets of

cams

83 and 84 respectively. Each of the cams 83 is adapted to actuate a lever 88 in one direction and thereby transmit motion to a clutch 80 through said lever 88, link 90 and one of the levers 81 connected to such clutch. Cams 84- actuate levers 88 in the opposite direction. In the construction illustrated, cam

' 84 will, in each case, set one of the clutches 80 in'releasing position and cam 83 will set the clutch in motion transmitting position.

After a clutch has been setin motion transmitting position, it will, of course, remain in such position until drum 82 has been revolved sufficiently to bring a cooperating cam 84 into position for actuating lever 88. Each of the

cams

83 and 84 is. secured by clamping bolts 93 in its proper position upon the timing drum 82, the heads of said bolts being engaged in undercut channels 94 formed in the periphery of the drum.

Timing drum 82 is actuated as follows: When gear wheel 33 is connected by its coacting clutch 80 with the driving shaft 30,

its motion will be transmitted to the shaft 95 of the timing drum through a train of gears 96, 97 and 98. Gear wheel 98 is-loose on shaft 95, but is provided with an internal segmental channel 100, the ends, of which are separated by a shoulder 101 adapted to engage a projecting pin 102 socketed ln the shaft upon -a compression spring 103. Shoulder 101 has one side inclined as indicated at 104, whereby shaft 95 may be 11 1- dependently rotated in the direction 1nd1- cated by the arrow in Fig. 8 to carry pin 102 past shoulder '101 without actuating gear wheel 98. This, however, will not occur in ordinary practice, for the reason that the independent movements of the shaft will, in the construction shown, be less than a full turn in the aggregate, the drum representing a full cycle of all movements as hereinafter explained.

When the drum is being actuated through gear wheel 98- the latter will revolve in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 8, and shoulder 101 will engage pin 102, and turn the shaft. But when the drum and shaft 95 is being actuated through any of the other gear trains now to be described, the shaft 95 will rotate independently of gear wheel 98 in the direction indicated by said arrow, and will not actuate gear wheel 98. This will be true regardless of the degree of shaft rotation, for the reason that the clutch pin 102 would yield and pass over 1 the inclined face 104 of the shoulder 101- if the shaft were rotated far enough to bring the pin to that shoulder. Therefore, the shaft may be independently actuated through several different motion transmitting agencies to advance the drum withwhen the timing drum is in position to connect up gear wheel 33 with the source of power, that gear wheel will revolve until shoulder 101 engages pin 102, and will then actuate the drum until its associated clutch 80 is disengaged.

Similarly, motion may be transmitted from gear wheel 48 to shaft and the timing drum through the train of gears 110, 111, and 112. Motion may also be transmitted from gear wheel 65 to shaft 95 through the train of gears 113-, and 114, and from a gear wheel 116 to shaft 95 through the train of

gears

117, 118, 119, 120, 121, and 122. Each of the

gear wheels

112, 114, and 122 is constructed in the same manner as gear wheel 98, but the trains of gears which actuate the driven gear wheels on shaft 95 are each arranged to transmit motion at a speed corresponding with the speed of the punch or other working member, with which the train of gears is associated.

. The operation of the timing mechanism,

' arrows.

tuated in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 6 and 11, until any one of the cams 83 is brought into actuating relation to the lever 88 associated therewith, said lever will be oscillated to set the corresponding clutch 80 in motion transmitting position, thereby setting in motion one of the gear wheels 33, 48, 65,0r 116, and such motion will, in each case, be transmitted to shaft 95 and timing drum 82 to actuate the same in the direction indicated by said This motion will continue until cam 84 actuates lever 88 in the opposite direction to release the clutch.

It will be observed in Fig. 11 that the

cams

83 and 84 are arranged upon the timing drum in zones or annular belts extending about the drum, the cams in each zone being associated with but one of the clutch setting levers, but the cams in all the zones, taken together, are so arranged that one of the clutches will always beset in motion transmitting position, the trains of reduction gears interposed between the maindriving shaft and the back shaft 95 of the timing mechanism being arranged to divide the entire time occupied by a revolution of the timing drum, overlapping movements being, however, permissible in some cases. For example, it is possible to start the motion of eccentric 21 from its normal retractive position a' little before eccentric 12 has completed its half turn movement from such position, as above explained. It is also possible to have both eccentrics 12 and'21 move from their respective work clamping and work shaping positions to the retracted positions simultaneously. Further, if automatic blank feeding mechanism is connected with gear wheel 140 as hereinafter described, it is also possible to commence the operation of feeding in a blank before the punch is fully retracted. .The sequence of operations and the arc of shaft rotation will, in each case, depend upon the adjustment of the

cams

83 and 84 upon the drum.

By comparing Fig. 11 withFig. 12, it

will be observed that

cams

83 and 84 in zone 2' control the clutch 80 associated with gear wheel 116. This gear wheel drives timing shaft 95 and drum 82 during the feeding-in interval indicated by the arrow line z" in Fig. 12; Before the timing drum has been advanced to a position where cam 84 in zone z' disengages the assoclated clutch,

one of the cams 83 in zone j, (the lower cam 83 in Fig. 11), will have actuated the second lever 88 from the left hand of the series in Fig. 6 to lock gear wheel 33 to shaft 30, thereby transmitting motion through eccentric 12 and frame 6 to the punch 2 for a clamping operation. This motion will continue until the next succeeding cam 84 releases the clutch, shaft 10 and eccentric 12 having, in the meantime, revolved a onehalf turn. But simultaneously with the releasing operation of this cam 84, in zone cam 83in zone is will set the clutch 80 controlling gear wheel 48, shaft 20, and eccentric 21. Therefore the downward movement of'punch 2 will be continued by addition of the downward 'movement of the frame 8 to the preceding downward movement of the frame 6 and punch 2. The downward movement of frame 8 will, of course, continue until the next succeeding cam 84 in zone is releases the clutch which controls gear wheel 48. Simultaneously with this release, cam 83 in zone Z will set the clutch controlling the motion of gear wheel 65, whereupon the side bumping or squeezing operation will be performed, as above explained, this motion being terminated by cam 84 in zone Z. At this stage,- the second cam 83 in zone j connects up gear wheel 33, thereby. Withdrawing the motion is terminated by cam 84 in zone j,. the second cam 83 in zone is will operate 'to connect up gear wheel 48, lifting frame 8 for the knock out operation. When the second cam 84 in zone terminates this movement, the feeding in cam 83 in zone 2' will have returned to operative position, thereby completingthe cycle; z'. 6., one complete revolution of the timing drum accompanied by a complete revolution of the crank motion mechanisms. The relative length of the intervals is shown in Fi 12' by radial lines and arrows i, j, k, Z j" and k respectively.

- punch by lifting frame 6. By the time this i It may be desirable, for some purposes;

to arrange

cams

83 and 84 so as, in some instances, to leave a gap in the cycle of operations as above described, whereby one operation may be completed and a dwell permitted before the next one in the series has been commenced. In order to provide for such a dwell or period of inaction, I have provided an additional zone men the timing drum to which a set of earns 83 and 84 may be added as indicated in Fig. 1.1.

These cams control the motion of the right hand lever .88 in Fig. 6 to operate a clutch 80 associated with a gear wheel 130, the motiming shaft 95 and drum 82 through the train of gears 131, 132, and 133, eccentric tion of which may be transmitted to the 134, pawl 135, and ratchet wheel 136 fast on the

ratchet feed mechanism

135, 135 to advance the timing shaft 95 to a point where the cycle of operations to be produced in the members will be recommenced. For example, gear wheel 11.6 has been illustrated and described as operating the timing mechanism during the feeding-in interval; i. 3., the interval when the blank is being placed in position upon the matrix and clamping plate. Itis not essential to my invention whether this feeding-in operation be manually performed or whether automatic mechanism be provided for this purpose and driven from shaft 30 through a gear wheel 140 provided for this purpose. Feeding-in mechanism is not illustrated as this forms no part of the invention herein claimed, and where it is not employed,I may 'dispense with the gear wheel 116 and the train of gears 117 to 122 inclusive, and in such case, I may adjust the

cams

83 and 84 in zones m to positions corresponding with the

cams

83 and 84 as illustrated in zone 2'. Thereupon, the ratchet feed mechanism operatedthrough gear wheels 130 will be substituted, functionally, for the train of gears operated through gear wheel=116.

Levers 88 are preferably each provided with a spring-actuated latch pin 137 having a tapered end adapted to seat in V-shaped notches formed in a frame. member 138. When lever 88 is actuated, pin 137 will be resiliently retracted until its extremity passes over the apex 139 formed by the walls of the notches, after which lever 88 will be urged by the reactionary pressure of pin 137 in the direction in which it is being actuated by the operating cam on the timing drum. "This tends to positively complete the lever movement and accelerates the movement of the associated clutch 80.

Latch pin 137 may have suflicient pressure to impart an independent positive throw to t the clutch after'the timing drum cam has initially moved the lever until the latchhas been carried across the high point 139.

1 Compound punch,

"159 upon frame 149. Frame 1-48 maybe directly actuated from a shaft 15 2'tl11'oi1gl1 eccentric 153 and eonnectin'g member 154;

The lower end, of this frame is provided with one element "-ofthe compound punch, consisting of a hollow member 1J56 ,This frame 148 is alsoprovided with bearingsin which a shaft 160is'journaled whichtransmits its motion through cam 161 andlfconnecting member'162toframe 149, the lower end orwhicl carries another element157of the vetrically through the element 156. Similarly, shaft 165 is carried by frame 149 and transmits motion through eccentric 166 and connecting member 167 to frame 150, the

lower end of which carries the central element 168 of the punch.

The arrangement of the eccentrics, the sliding frames and the punch elements is such that a half turn of shaft 152, from its position as indicated in Fig. 13, will clamp the'blank 170 and carry it into the matrix cavity 144 for an initial shaping operation. The side margins of the blank will thereupon be clamped between the punch element 15,6 and the side walls of the matrix cavity 144. T hereupon, a half revolution of shaft 160 will move frame 149 downwardly and thereby force punch element 157 downwardly into matrix cavity 145, after which, a half revolution of shaft 165 will actuate frame 150 to move the central punch element 168 downwardly into the matrix cavity 146. All of the movable elements may then be simultaneously retracted, if desired.

It will be observed that the matrix cavities are of different lengths, but the eccentrics are also of differing sizes, each eccentric being adapted to transmit motion corresponding with the distance to he traveled by its associated punch element. The actuating connections of the respective shafts 152, 160, and 165 are not illustrated, since these will be similar to those illustrated in connection withthe crank motion mechanisms of Figure I I 1 Stripping mechanism.

In some'classes of operations, and in the use of some'materials, there is a tendency for the blank to adhere to and withdraw from the matrix with the punch. To release the work, in such cases, I employ'the stripping mechanism illustrated in Fig; '4, in which a cross bar 175 is provided with one or more depending stripper pins or projections 176 which extend through apertures in the punch and which are held in] a relatively stationary positionduring the final upward movement of the punch by therods 177 whichsiipport said cross bar-175. With this construction, the final upward .movement of the punch will cause thepins 17 6"to project below the puncli and push off? or strip tlie'tblank fronrtlie punch, whereupon the blank is permittedto drop. j

Zllodified constructions. g v k t g i Rferring to Figl l lefit' will be; observed" that my invention may also. be applied-j to a form of construction in which both the work shaping -members' are movable i 3 The in atrix 1 is supported in suitable g'iiides 'l80 l a'long which it is vertically jmovable, the plunger or-Ip i-nch 2? being'ca'rriedyby a sliding cross and connecting members 22. The clamping 10 plate, or knock out plate, 25 is supported by the posts 185 from the frame bar 186. In this construction, assuming the parts to be in position illustrated in Fig..14, a onehalf turn of shaft 10 will move the punch 2 downwardly and clamp the work between it and the plate 25, after which a one-half turn of shaft 20 will lift the matrix 1 for a work shaping operation. This construction avoids most of the objections which have heretofore existed to machines in which the; matrix is actuated for a work shaping operation, for, while in the machines heretofore constructed, the movement of the matrix was continuous, therefore necesitat-- ing its retraction below the clamping plate while the work was being placed in position, I am enabled to support the matrix in a fixed position, with its upper surface on a level with the clamping plate, while the work is being placed in position, and also during the clamping operation, since the movements of the crank mechanisms are independent of each other and are controlled insuch a manner that the work clamping operation may be completed before the movement begins which ultimately effects the work shaping operation, and by providing means for automatically starting and stopping the respective crank shafts, the several operations may be commenced and completed in definite intervals and in a predetermined order, and may also be performed as rapidly as the character of the work will permit.

Referringto Fig. 15, it will be observed that the matrix 1 is stationary as is'also the .case in Fi 1, but instead of employing a clamping p ate within the matrix, I employ a blank holder 190, through which the punch 2 operates for work shaping operations. In this construction, the slide 191 carries the blank holder 190 and is directly actuated from shaft 192 through eccentric 193 and connecting member 194, whereas the punch 2 is directly actuated from shaft 196 through eccentric 197 and connecting member 198, operating through slide 199 which carries the punch. In this construction, the punch 2 derives its movement entirely from shaft 196 and eccentric 197, Whereas slide 191 and 'clamping member 190 are independently operated from shaft 192 1' v and eccentric 193.

While the member 192 has been described merely as the clamping member itis, of

course, not material to my invention whether this member simply performs a clamping operation or whether it is utilized to also perform an initial work shaping operation.

Summary.

I attach great importance to the use of separately acting crank motion mechanisms for effecting the clamping andwork shaping operations respectively. And I further regard as of great importance the provision of automatic means for starting and stopping these mechanisms. These two features make it possible for me to apply my invention to either the form of construction shown in Fig. 1, or the form of construction shown in Fig. 14, although for reasons stated above, the form of construction shown in Fig. 1 is preferred, in that it enables me to provide an absolutely rigid matrix to which the work feeding mechanisms, gages, etc., may be readily attached.

These two features also provide means for securing an almost endless variety'of differential movements of the movable work shaping member or press, with any desired periods of dwell, and a great variation in speed in the different stages of operation, the speed being dependent not only upon the gear ratio, but also upon whether both cranks are in simultaneous operation or whether they are operating separately. A very quick retractive movement is possible by simultaneously operating both cranks for the retractive half turn, whereby the speed developed by eachcrank mechanism is added to that developed by the other.

Further advantages are found in the fact that the strain u on the crank and crank shaft developed y the resistance of the work to the movement of the work shaping member is reduced in the respective crank shafts in proportion to-the reduction in the length of the stroke developed by each crank, or eccentric; also in the fact that the motion developed by the initial crank, or eccentric, may be utilized not only for clamping, but for a part of the work shaping op- .eration; also in the fact that, inasmuch as -the proportionate length of the respective connecting gears, and the other parts for transmitting motion, below the floor line with reference to which the press is set, constitutes an advantageous arrangement, in

which liability to accident is eliminated and.

greater accessibility for adjustment of the parts is provided. At the same time, the bed of the press is accessible by the operators from all sides, without interference. A further advantage resides in the arrangement of the matrix of the press within the bed of the press and flush with the surface thereof, whereby the bed of the press affords a smooth topped table over which the blanks and the shaped bars formed from the blanks are handled much more conveniently. This latter arrangement also permits the location within the bed of the mechanism for imparting a direct thrust upon the sides of the matrix. It will be observed that the thickness of the bed of the press is increased, Fig. 1, so as to resist the additional strains to which it 'issubjected.

By arranging the driving shaft, the gears, the eccentric shafts, and the connections therefrom below the fioor line, it is possible to provide for spraying the whole of the mechanisms for actuating the punch with a shower of oil, whereby an efficient system of lubrication may be constantly maintained. The oil dripping from the press may be collected, and after filtration may be again' sprayed over the mechanism of the press with a minimum waste and complete saving of the time heretofore required for frequent lubrication, and at the same time avoid the consequences following neglect in this particular.

In a divisional application filed by me on March 8, 1920, Serial #363,957, I have claimed certain of the features of construction herein disclosed, it being my purpose to limit the claims of the present application to a drawing press in which the work shaping members have a relatively fast movement from their initial position to clamping position, followed by a retarded movement,

to perform the drawing operation, with the provision of means for effecting the movements in the order described, and preserving the clamping relation during the drawing operation.

I claim 1. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable Work shaping member, of

means for moving said member into work ing position and separately acting means for additionally actuating it in the same direction for a drawing operation.

2. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shaping member, of means for moving said member into work clamping position, progressively retarding said movement during the final work engaging portion thereof, and separately acting means for additionally actuating said member in the same direction for a drawing operation with accelerated motion in the initialportion and retarding motion in the final portion of such additional movement.

3,-In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shaping member, of a relatively stationary matrix, a movable work clamping member within the matrix, means for normally supporting said clamping member in work receiving position adjacent to the margins of the matrix, means for initially actuating the work shaping member to clamp the work between it and said clamping member with retarded mo tion during the clamping operation, and separately acting means for additionally actuating the work shaping member in the same direction to force the work into the matrix for a work shaping operation.

4. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shaping member, of

a relatively stationary matrix, a movable member during the initial and final portions of the work shaping operation.

5. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of frames arranged for relative sliding movement upon each other, a punch mounted upon one of said frames, a clamping plate mounted" on the other frame, a relatively stationary support with which the clamping plate frame is in sliding engagement, a matrix mountedupon said support in the path of the punch, an actuating member upon the clamping plate frame adapted to engage and actuate the punch supporting frame to move the punch into and out of clamping position with reference to said clamping plate, and another actuating member mounted on said support and adapted to actuate both frames simultaneously to move the punch into and out of the matrix.

said support in the path of the punch,

an actuating member upon the clamping plate frame adajpted to engage and actuate the punch supporting frame to move the punch into and out of clamping position with reference to said clamping plate, and another actuating member mounted on said support and. adapted to actuate both frames simultaneously to move the punch into and out of the matrix, said clamping plate being located within the 'matrix and normally supported for clamping operations substantially at the margins of the matrix.

7. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shaping member, of a rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion from the rotary member to reciprocate the work shaping member, a second rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion therefrom to reciprocate the first mentioned rotary mem-' her, and impart additional movement to the work shaping member, and means for actuating the rotary members in half turn movements.

8. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shaping member, of a rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion from the rotary member to reciprocate the, work shaping member, a second rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion therefrom to reciprocate the first mentioned rotary member, and impart additional movement to the work shaping member, and means for actuating the rotary members in half turn movements, and each independently of the rotar movement of the other.

9. n a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shaping member, of a rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion from the rotary member to reciprocate the work shaping member, a second rotary member, connections adapted totransmit motion therefrom to reciprocate the first mentioned rotary member, and impart additional movement to the work shaping member, and means for actuating the rotary members in half turn movements, one member being actuated while,

the other is at rest.

10. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shaping member, of a rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion from the rotary member to reciprocate the work shaping, member, a second rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion. therefrom toreciprocate the first mentioned rotary memher, and impart additional movement to the work shaping member, and means for actuating the rotary members 111 half turn movements, and in succession.

11. In a drawing press, the combination with a matrix supportlng member, a matrix mounted thereon, a punch, crank motion mechanism for actuating, the punch into and out of work clamping position, and other crank motion mechanism adapted to additionally actuate the punch into and out of the matrix for work shaping operations.

12. In a drawing press, the combination with a matrix supporting member, a matrix mounted thereon, a punch, crank motion mechanism for actuating the punch into and out of work clamping position, other crank motion mechanism adapted to additionally actuate the punch into and out of the matrix for work shaping operations, and means for actuating said mechanisms alternately in half turn movements.

13. In a drawing press, the combination with a matrix supporting member, a matrix mounted thereon, a punch, crank motion mechanism for actuating the punch into and out of work clamping position, and other crank motion mechanism adapted to additionally actuate the punch into and out of the matrix for work shaping operations, and means for actuating said mecha nisms in sequence for work clamping and work shaping operations.

14. In a drawing press, the combination with a matrix supporting member, a matrix mounted thereon, a punch, crank motion mechanism for actuating the punch into and out of work clamping position, other crank motion mechanism adapted to additionally actuate the punch into and out of the matrix for work shaping operations, and means for actuating one of said mechanisms-for a Work clamping operation and v .plate, a punch, and means for utilizing the eccentric on another of said shafts to reciprocate the punch toward and away from the-clamping plate.

16. In a drawing press, the combination of a plurality of rotary shafts, each provided with an eccentric, connections adapted to transmit motion from the eccentric on one shaft to reciprocate the other shaft, a clamping plate, means for utilizing one of the eccentrics to reciprocate the clamping plate, a punch, means for utilizing the eccentric on another of said shafts to reciprocate the punch toward and away from the 17. In a drawing press, the combination of a plurality of rotary shafts, each provided with an eccentric, connections adapted to transmit motion from the eccentric on one shaft to reciprocate the other shaft, a clamping plate, means for utilizing one of the eccentrics to reciprocate the clamping plate, a punch, means for utilizing the eccentric on another of said shafts to reciprocate the punch toward and away from the clamping plate, means for rotating one of the shafts to effect a relative approach of the punch and clamping plate, and means for rotating the other of said shafts to actuate the punch and clamping plate simultaneously in the same direction.

18. In a. drawing press, the combination with a plurality of crank motion mechanisms, a movable work shaping member, means for actuating the work shaping member from each of the crank motion mechanisms and in the same direction, and means for automatically actuating the crank motion mechanisms in a predetermined order of sequence. I

19. In a drawing press, the combination with a plurality of crank motion mechanisms, a movable Work shaping member, means for actuating the work shaping memher from each of the crank motion mechanisms and in the same direction, meansfor automatically actuating one of the crank motion mechanisms after the other has started, and means for stopping one of said crank motion mechanisms While the other is completing its working stroke.

20. In a drawing press, the combination with a plurality of crank motion mechanisms, a movable work shaping member, means for actuating the work shaping member from each of the crank motion mechanisms and in the same direction, means for automatically actuating one of the crank motion mechanisms 'after the other, has

started, and means for utilizing said crank motion mechanisms to bring the work shaplng member substantially to rest in its clamping position and also at the end of its work shaping movement.

21. In a drawing press, the combination with a plurality of crank motion mechanlsms, a movable work shaping member, means for actuating the work shaping member from each of the crankmotion mechanisms and in the same direction, and means for automatically actuating one of the crank motion mechanisms after the other has started, means for automatically controlling the movements of said mechanisms to stop them on completing a half turn with their movements added in the work shaping member, and then starting them for a second half turn to retract the work shaping member.

22. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating work shaping members, of a rotary actuator adapted to effect a relative approach of said members for one operation in a half turn movement of the'actuator, and a separately acting rotary actuator adapted to impart a further movement of said members in the same di- 'rection for a second operation in a half turn movement of said separately acting actuator.

23. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating 'work shaping members, of crank motion mechanism adapted to effect a relative approach of operation followed by a work shaping operation 'and a subsequent retraction of said members from each other.

24. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating work shaping members, of a rotary actuator adapted to effect a relative approach of said members for one operation in a half turn movement of the actuator, a separately acting rotary actuator adapted to impart a further movement of said members in the same direction for a second operation in a half turn move ment of said separately acting actuator, and automatic means for controlling the movements of said actuators to provide definite predetermined intervals of work shaping member approach, work shaping opera tion of said members, and member separa tion and retraction.

25. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating work shaping members, .of a set of crank motion mechanisms, each adapted to eflE'ect one operation upon the work, means for separately transmitting motion to said mechanisms from a common source of power, and means for independently disengaging each of said motion transmitting connections.

26. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating work shaping members, of a set of crank motion mechanisms, each adapted to effect one operation upon the work, means for separately transmitting motion to said; mechanisms from a common source of power), and means for independently disengaglng each of, said mo-J tion transmitting connections, and automatic timing mechanism controllin the respective motion transmitting perio s.

27. The combination with a set of cooperative members, crank. motion mechanism for moving one of said members toward and away from. the other, separately acting crank motion mechanism arranged to effect a further approach and recession of said members, means for actuating said mechanisms to successively initiate said movements of approach, and means for stopping one of said mechanisms substantially at the limit of the approaching movement, which it produces, and during the working movement produced by the other.

28. The combination with a set of cooperative members, crank motion mechanism for moving one of said members toward and away from the other, separately acting crank motion mechanism arranged to effect a further approach and recession of said members, means for actuating said mechanisms to successively initiate said movements of approach, and means for stopping one of said mechanisms substantially at the limit of the approaching movement which it produces, and means for automatically controlling said motion transmitting mechanisms to effect the approaching and receding movements in a predetermined order of sequence. I

29. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperative work shaping members, of crank motion mechanism adapted to effect a relative approach of said members for one operation, and separately acting crank motion mechanism adapted to subsequently impart a further relativemovement to said members for a second operation.

30. In a drawing press, the combination .with relatively fixed and work shaping members, of crank motion mechanism for effecting a relative approach of said members fora work clamping operation, similar mechanism' for effecting a further movement of said members in the same direction for a work shaping operation, means for utilizing both of said mechanisms to subsequently retract said members from each other, and automatic meansv adapted to transmit motion to said mechanisms alternately and simultaneously in a predetermined cycle of such movements.

31. In a drawing press, the combination of relatively fixed and movable work shaping members, means for actuating the movable member in one direction and bringing it substantially to rest in clamping relation to the work, and means for subsequently additionally actuating the movable member in the same direction with gradual acceleration and bringing it substantiall to rest upon completion of a work shaping operation.

32. In a drawing press, the combination with a main frame, a plurality of cooperative work shaping members, a set of crank motion mechanisms mounted in said main frame in operative relation to the work shaping members, and a set of reduction gears for each crank motion mechanism of the set located exterior to the main frame and adapted to be independently actuated from a common source of power.

33. In a drawing press, the combination with a main frame, a set of cooperative work shaping members, a plurality of crank motion mechanisms mounted in said main frame in operative relation to the work shaping members, and a set of reduction gears for each crank motion mechanism located exterior to the main frame and provided with means for automatically connecting the same with a source of power tion of the press.

34:. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating working members, of a plurality of crank motion mechanisms each adapted to separately'transmit motion to a working member, and means for separately actuating said crank motion mechanisms in variable sequence, whereby operations of the working members may be performed either simultaneously or in any desired order of sequence.

35. In a drawing press, a movable work clamping and shaping member, in combination with means to move the said member to clamping position, and indpendently acting means to further move the said member to perform the work shaping operation.

36. In a drawing press, a movable work clamping and shaping member, in combination with means to move the said member to clamping position, independently acting means to further move the said member to perform the drawing operation, and connections to operate the said means in progression.

37. In a drawing press, a punch, means to move the punch. into clamping relation with the blank to be drawn, and other during a predeterminedstage in the operameans which move the punch to perform the I tive movement of the said members toward each other at a given rate of speed to clamp the blank to be drawn, in combination with independent mechanism to impart further relative movement to the work shaping members at a reduced rate of speed to per.-

form the drawing operation.

41. In a drawing press, a punch anda matrix, means for actuatingthe punch from its initial position with a gradually increasing and then decreasing speed'through the clearance space between the punch and matrix, and for further actuating the punch at a relatively reduced speed to perform the 7 drawing operation.

412. A drawing press provided with a punch and a matrix for shaping articles from metal blanks, said press comprising means for actuating the punch and matrix one with relation to the other so that such parts approach each other at a relatively high speed to take up the clearance .of their lateral separation and also actuating the said parts so that they pass each other at a relatively slow speed to perform the drawing operation.

43. A drawing press provided. with a work shaping member, said member having a series of movements performed in succession, the first of such movements to work clamping position bein progressively retarded, and the second 0 such movements to work shaping position being relatively slow in the initial and final portions of the movement but accelerated during the intermediate portion thereof, and means for actuating the work shaping member as and in the manner described.

44. In a drawing press, a punch and a matrix, a knock-out plate within the matrix and normally standing flush therewith, mechanism adapted to accelerate the punch into clamping relation with the knock-out plate, and means operating independently at reduced speed for moving the punch and knock-out plate while in clamped relation to perform the drawing operation.

, 45. In a drawing press, a punch and a matrix cooperating to shape a blank, a knock-out plate normally standing flush with the matrix, mechanism adapted to move the punch into clamping relation with the knock-out plate, separate mechanism for actuating the punch to perform the drawing operation, and means for maintaining the clamping relation between the punch and the knock-out plate during such operation.

46. In a drawing press, the combination of cooperating work-shaping members, mechanism adapted to effect a relative movementof the said members to clamp a blank between them, separately acting nism for imparting further relative movement to said members to perform the drawing operation, knock-out plate, and means for sustaining it in clamping relation with the punch during the drawing operation.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

REUBEN STANLEY SMITH. Witnesses:

FRED F. POMEBOY, W. E. Reuse.-

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