US13358A - Distilling- coal with hydrogen gas - Google Patents
Distilling- coal with hydrogen gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US13358A US13358A US13358DA US13358A US 13358 A US13358 A US 13358A US 13358D A US13358D A US 13358DA US 13358 A US13358 A US 13358A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- distilling
- hydrogen gas
- gas
- retorts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 18
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- FNZSVEHJZREFPF-SSDOTTSWSA-N (2R)-2-pentylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O FNZSVEHJZREFPF-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002799 Prunus avium Species 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001577 simple distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/06—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
Definitions
- the object of my invention is to obtain a large product of liquids and also coke of good quality, and also to work olf a charge of coal more rapidly than can be done by simple distillation at a low heat, and for this purpose the nature of my invention consists in the admission to the retorts during the distilling operation of a jet of heated hydrogen gas. In this way the liq- ⁇ uids are distilled in an atmosphere of hydrogen and thus preserved from igneous decomposition and the hydrogenl at the same time takes up a portion of the sulfur and ammonia contained in the coal.
- A, A, A, in the drawing represent these retorts; B, the furnace; C, the hydraulic main; and D, the pipes leading from the retorts to the hydraulic main.
- E is a pipe entering the oven F, at the rear end and passing circuitously or in serpentine form through the oven and connecting outside with a pipe G, which runs over the whole of the retorts and is furnished with a branch a, to lead to every retort.
- This pipe conveys the hydrogen gas to the retort and heats it in its passage through the oven.
- the retort should be kept at a cherry red heat.
- the pipe which conveys the hydrogen should be kept at a similar heat, and the distillation should continue for about six hours.
- the hydrogen gas may be produced by any of the known methods and may be admitted directly to the pipe E, from the ret-ort in which it is made or from a receiver or gas holder, but I desire it to enter the retorts A, A, A, in a heated' state. Suitable means may be employed to convey the hydrogen after condensation has been effected to burn it under the retorts A, A, A, or under the stills to be employed in the further purification of the liquids, which I re-distil with about o-ne tenth part of their bulk or with ten (l0) gallons of the milk of lime, to every hundred (100) gallons of the liquids, when they will be sufliciently pure for common use.
Description
S. MEREDITH. DISTILLING GOAL WITH HYDROGBN GAS.
Q lLO-ll--c H u I l Patented July 81, 1855.
UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.
STEPHEN MEREDITH, OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.
DISTILLING COAL WITH HYDROGEN GAS.
Speccation of Letters Patent No. 13,358, dated July 31, 1855.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, STEPHEN MEREDITH, of Meadville, in the county of Crawford and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement: in the Distillation of Cannel or other Bituminous Coal to Produce Benzole, Naphtha, and other Hydrocarbon Fluids for Illuminating and other Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l, is a front view of my distilling apparatus, and Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section of the same.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both gures.
It is well known to chemists and others who have experimented in the destructive distillation of coal, that at different degrees of temperature products of very different character are produced, gaseous, liquid, and solid. The gaseous products consist of marsh gas, olelant gas, carbureted hydroge'n, and carbonic acid; the liquid products consist of bodies closely analogous to petroleum and the solids are coke and mineral pitch. The relative proportions of the above products vary with the tempera-ture, the lower the temperature employed the less gas and the more liquid produced, and an increased temperature producing more gas. At the high temperature required to produce good coke there is little or no liquid produced except tar, while at the low temperature necessary to give the best product of liquids theJ coke would be spoiled; and even at that low temperature there would be a large amount of permanent gas made which would be lost.
The object of my invention is to obtain a large product of liquids and also coke of good quality, and also to work olf a charge of coal more rapidly than can be done by simple distillation at a low heat, and for this purpose the nature of my invention consists in the admission to the retorts during the distilling operation of a jet of heated hydrogen gas. In this way the liq-` uids are distilled in an atmosphere of hydrogen and thus preserved from igneous decomposition and the hydrogenl at the same time takes up a portion of the sulfur and ammonia contained in the coal.
In carrying out my invention I employ a bench of retorts, of the usual kind. A, A, A, in the drawing represent these retorts; B, the furnace; C, the hydraulic main; and D, the pipes leading from the retorts to the hydraulic main.
E, is a pipe entering the oven F, at the rear end and passing circuitously or in serpentine form through the oven and connecting outside with a pipe G, which runs over the whole of the retorts and is furnished with a branch a, to lead to every retort. This pipe conveys the hydrogen gas to the retort and heats it in its passage through the oven. The retort should be kept at a cherry red heat. The pipe which conveys the hydrogen should be kept at a similar heat, and the distillation should continue for about six hours. The hydrogen gas may be produced by any of the known methods and may be admitted directly to the pipe E, from the ret-ort in which it is made or from a receiver or gas holder, but I desire it to enter the retorts A, A, A, in a heated' state. Suitable means may be employed to convey the hydrogen after condensation has been effected to burn it under the retorts A, A, A, or under the stills to be employed in the further purification of the liquids, which I re-distil with about o-ne tenth part of their bulk or with ten (l0) gallons of the milk of lime, to every hundred (100) gallons of the liquids, when they will be sufliciently pure for common use.
IV hat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is` The production of naphtha, benzole and other hydrocarbon liquids by the distillation of cannel or other bituminous coal in an atmosphere of heated hydrogen gas or in a retort to which a stream of heated hydrogen gas is admitted during the distilling process substantially as and for the purposes herein set fort-h.
STEPHEN MEREDITH.
Vitnesses H. METTUisIs, A. TAYLOR.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US13358A true US13358A (en) | 1855-07-31 |
Family
ID=2073688
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13358D Expired - Lifetime US13358A (en) | Distilling- coal with hydrogen gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US13358A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2899755A (en) * | 1959-08-18 | Hhsltiltihh |
-
0
- US US13358D patent/US13358A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2899755A (en) * | 1959-08-18 | Hhsltiltihh |
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