US276981A - Resinous wood - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

A L. PRADON. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE or OILI'ROM RESINOUS WOOD. No. 276,981.

Patented May 1,1883;

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22.115-552 5-1329 A I flh T rl. PEI'ERs Phnhflithagraphcr. Wuhington. D, Q.

3'5 ducingthe pine-oil.

elevation of a modified form of the apparatus,

and Fig. 4 a cross-section of the same- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LnoPoLD BRADON, F PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR T0 MARDOOHEE LAM Brier, 0F SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL FROM RESIN OUS WOOD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 276,981, dated May 1, 1883.

Application filed March 3,1883. (No model.)

T 0 an whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEOPOLD PRADON, a

citizen of France,residing at Paris, in the Department of the Seine, have invented new and useful Improvementsin the Manufacture and Applicationof Oil from Resinous Wood and. Apparatus for Use in said Manufacture, and

A l'orotherPurposes,of which the following is a specification.

This invention consists, first, in the'production of an oil by distilling at a temperature of about 4:00 centigrade resinous pine wood in oil thus produced as a new article. r

facture of illuminatinggas, of turpentine, of tar, and also of oils; but the distillation being close vessels or retortjs; and, secondly, in the Heretofore pine wood has been distilled for themannperformed under conditions other than those indicated the decomposition proceeds differently, andthe product is different. 7

The invention consists, thirdly, in the admixture of the oilfrom resinous pine with peltroleum, coal-oil,.or rock-oil for illuminating l purposes. The pine-oilfas the newproduct may be appropriately called, mixes perfectly withthepetroleum, producing a stable compositionwhichlwill burn readily and with a clearand brilliant .flame in ordinary coal-oil lamps, andwhiehiis safer than the petroleum alone would be, since the vaporizing or flash ing point of the latter ,is lowered by the admixture, and which at the same time is superior to the petroleum.

The invention furtherconsists in an apparatus for usein distilling resinous wood for pro- The following description will enable those i skilled in theartto make and use the invention, reference bein g had to the accompanying drawings, Whichform apart of this specification.

, Figuregl isan elevation, partly in section,

of an apparatus constructed in accordance A is the retort or vessel for receiving the material to be distilled; B, a pipe or outlet communicating with the lower part of the said or at the side of the fire-chamber, and spaces or dues are left around it for the passage of the hot gases or products of combustion from the fire-chamber. Dampers of ordinary or suitable construction are provided for regulating the fire. The retort is made ofsheet-iron; or it maybe made of other suitable material, It has at one end (top, 1 ig. 1, and left-hand end, Fig. 3) a removable cover or door, which is provided with means of ordinary or suitable construction for making a tight joint. The cover or door being removed, resinous pine wood, in blocks, sawdust, or other suitable form, is introduced. When the wood is in sawdust or line pieces it is preferable to charge it into a cage, which, with its contents, can then be inserted into the retort. The cover or door is then'olosed, and the distillation is carried on for twenty hours, (more or less,) the temperature being gradually raised to about 4.00 centigrade. Theflames and products of combustion circulating around the retort heat the Walls and contents thereof and decompose the resinous and other matters therein. The tar and heavy oils thus formed run for the most part to the bottom,'and are carried through the outlet B into the'tar-receptacle (J. The lighter products, with some heavy oils and tar, escape by the goose-neck D, a partial condensation takes place in the goose-neck, and the condensed liquidpasscs through the pipe F into the tar-receptacle (J. The uncondensed products pass into the worm S, where they are cooled. The liquids collect in the oil or distillate receptacle T, while the gases pass up 5 the pipe H, and are allowed to go to waste or they may he collected and utilized in the fire chamber or elsewhere. Thedistillation may be.performed by admission into the retort or vessel A of superheated steam, instead of by exterior fire-heat or both exterior fire-heat andinternaldry-steam heat can be used Of the two forms of apparatus shown that illustrated in Figs.l and 2 is preferred, since thetar and heavy oils in the lower part are not subjected to the full heat of the furnace, and also because the liquor runs ofi more quickly. The lower part of the retort, as shown, is funnel-shaped, so as rapidly to collect and carry off the liquids. The liquid or distillate which collects in the receptacle T is not pure oil, but contains other products of the destructive distillation going on in the retort. They can be separated by settling and decantation. The pine-oil can be purified or refined by ordinary means, or it can be used without purification other than that obtained by settling and decantation. The oil itself is a mobile transparent liquid. Its weight is from eight hundred and sixty to nine hundred grams per liter.

To-prepare the oil for use in ordinary petroleum or coaloil lamps it is mixed with petroleum. The-proportions may vary; but an excellent mixture is: two parts petroleum (say refined petroleum of commerce, weighing eight hundred grams per liter) to one part of oil of pine. The mixture can be burned in lamps or used for other purposes. The pine-oil is also useful for carbureting air or for manufacture of illuminating-gas. It is itself of my invention, to whatever use it may be applied. 7

It is obvious that modifications may be made in details without departing from the invention. For example, in the apparatus, instead of a worm acondenser of other form may be used.

The. chemical compositionof the purified pine-oil is G H ltiditt'ers from a product of similar composition from the distillation of turpentinein being less resinous and siccative,

and other properties indicated.

3. The mixture of pine-oil, the same being a mobile transparent liquid with the properties indicated, and petroleum or coal-oil, as a new article or composition, substantially as described.

4. The method of preparing an illuminatingoil from resinous wood by distilling the same in close retorts at a temperature of about 400 :centigrade, collecting the oily distillate and mixing it with petroleum or coal oil, substantially as described.

r 5. The distilling apparatus comprising, in combination, the retort or vessel for holding the matter to be, distilled, the goose-neck, the outlet at the bottom, the tar-receptacle, the pipe connecting the goose-neck with the tarreceptacle, and the conden sin g-worm, substantially as described.

In testimony whereofl have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEOPOLD PBADON.

Witnesses Boer. M. HQOPER, AUG. VINcK.

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