US1325956A - Hog dehairing - Google Patents

Description

R S. REDFIELD.

HOG DEHAIRING, POLISHING, AND SCRAPING MACHINE. APPHCAT'ON FI LED APR-22, I918.

1 325,956. Patented Dec. 23, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Qizoraeg,

R. S. REDFIELD. HOG DEHAIRING, POLISHING, AND SCBAPING MACHINE.

APPHCATION FILED APR.22. I918- Patented Dec. 23,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

R. s REDFIELD.

HOG DEHAIRING, POLISHING, AND SCRAPING MACHINE. APPHCATION FILED APR. 22, 91a.

1 ,3Q5,956a Patented Dec. 23, 1919.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3- ill I sic f ROBERT S. REDFIELD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HOG DEHAIRING, POLISHING, AND SCRAPIN'G MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 23, 1919.

Application filed April 22, 1918. Serial No. 229,968.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, ROBERT S. Rnornino, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Chicago, county of Cook, State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hog Dehairing, Polishing, and Scraping Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to the packing house and by-products industry and relates especially to machines used on the hog killing floors for the purpose of removing the hair and scurf from the hogs after the same have been thoroughly scaldedj This invention relates to an improvement over my now pending application, Serial No. 154,088 of March 12th, 1917, embodying a mechanically perfected apparatus, employing substantially the same principles as set out in the above mentioned application, but bringing the same down to a more recent and practical mechanical embodiment of my new principles of operation.

The objects of this invention are the same as set forth in my former application; that is, simplicity of construction and design, durable and high efficiency in operation, and one that may be fabricated and maintained a relatively low cost.

A further object of my invention is to provide a new and novel means for conveying the hog up to, retaining the same in contact with, and permitting the same to pass beyond the dehairing element of my ma chine.

Further objects of my invention which are decided improvements upon the present art, will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains, as it is more fully set out in the following specification; as it is expressed in the appended claims; and as it is shown in the drawings, and in which Z Figure 1 is a side elevation of my hog dehairing machine shown in its assembled relation with a scalding vat and gambreling bench.

Fig. 2 is a fragmented front elevation taken on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of the manner and means whereby the hog is caused to approach and come in contact with the dehairing element; the means for retaining the hog in contact with the dehairing element; and the means whereby the hog is permitted to pass beyond and out of the working plane of the dehairing element.

Fig. 4: is an enlarged fragmental, vertical section, taken through one of the dehairing spools, showing the general design and assembly of my preferred form of dehairing means, and

Fig. 5 is a similar view showing one of the many possible modifications of my preferred dehairing means.

Similar reference characters refer respectively to similar parts throughout the several views.

My dehairing machine comprises primarily, two vertical side frame plates 10, joined parallel to one another and spaced by means of an intermediate back plate 11, disposed at an angle of, substantially 30 degrees with the horizontal, which plate 11, serves as an inclined way by means of which the hog is slid forward to the dehairing elements of my machine. The dehairers comprise substantially, a series of scrapers, each series consisting of a number or group of spools 12, more clearly shown at Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings. Each of the spools 12 has a corrugated periphery 13,'and the spools of each group are loosely mounted on a hollow arbor 14:, through which passes an auxiliary shaft for supporting the arbors 15.

In assembling my scraper, I preferably employ four of these auxiliary shafts positioned equidistant with spools threaded in groups upon them as described, the groups being mounted diametrically opposite each otherand the spools of each group being spaced apart from one another by means of narrow spacing rings 16, insufficient in width to materially break the continuity of the spools, the rings being keyed to the main drive-shaft 17, which latter runs parallel with the back plate 11, at a point in front of same, and is journaled in bearings 18, located in the side frame-plates 10.

.This shaft 17 receives its motion from a drive pulley 19, keyed thereto, one end of the shaft projecting beyond the end plate 10 of the machine to receive the pulley. The auxiliary shafts 15 are drawn up and securely fastened to the two outermost spacing rings 16 so as to form a compact scrap- .in element.

llpon reference to Fig. .i: of the drawings,

it will be noted that the arbors 14L are slightly longer than the width of the spools 12, thereby permitting the spacing plates tobe drawn up tight against the ends of the arbors and still permitting of the free uninterrupted rotary movement of the spools thereon.

The pulley 19, is driven by means of a belt (not shown) at a speed of approximately 160 R. P. M. in a clockwise direction, which rotates the shaft 17 in the same direction, and as the spacing plates 16 are keyed thereto, the entire scraping element is caused to rotate in this direction.

The scalding vat designated by the reference character 20, is in the present typification of the invention shown as placed adjacent to the rear end of the machine, the top of the vat coming to a point just below the rear end of the back plate 11. Any commercial form of a tub-throw-out may be employed, but for the purpose of more clearly illustrating my invention, I have shown an automatic throw-out assembled directly to my machine and connected by means of a chain to the main drive shaft 17.

This throw-out comprises substantially, throw-out; arms 21 which are keyed to a transverse rock-shaft '22, and journaled in bearing-brackets 23 projecting from the rear of the frame of the machine. To one end of the shaft 22 is keyed or otherwise fastened, a rocker-arm 2% which is connected by means of a connecting rod 25 to an eccentric 26, which receives its motion from a counter-shaft 27; this counter-shaft is journaled in bearings at the rear of the frame work, and has one end provided with a sprocket wheel 28, which by means of a chain 29, receives its motion from a sprocket 30, which is keyed to a counter-shaft 31.

This shaft 31 is journaled in bearings 32, similar to the bearings of the shaft 27, and extends across the rear end of the machine, one end of the shaft is provided with a sprocket 33, which is driven by a chain 34: and the sprocket pinion 35 connects this shaft with the main drive shaft 17. This imparts motion to the eccentric 27 which slowly rotates and causes the throw-out 2,1 to operate to lift hogs successively from the vat to the plate 11 at proper intervals to be operated upon by the dehairing elements. The eccentric mechanism causes the throwout 21 to be actuated from its receiving to discharging position in which latter it becomes inclined above the inclined way 11.

In Fig. 3 of the drawings, I have illus trated the hog in dotted lines (by the character 36), and its principal positions by the character letters A to D. In the operation of the machine, the carcass is delivered by the throw-out 21 to the inclined way 11, passing from A to B due to its own gravity, where it is caught and carried over by and upon the dehairing element to the position B where it is retained against further travel and discharge by means of a swinging outwardly opening gate composed of a plurality of substantially vertical arms 38, which are secured at their uppermost ends to a transverse rock shaft 39. The lower ends of these arms may be curved rearwardly and correspond in position with the spacingplates 16, and are preferably of a length adapting them to take between the spools 12. The shaft 39 is journaled in suitable bearings 40, and is provided with the notched lock arm 41, which cooperates with the l0cking lever 43 to releasably hold the gate in the lowered position shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Then the arms 38 are in their lowered position, the lock arm s1 is securely held between a block 42 secured to the frame-work and a locking lever 43. This lever 43 is pivoted intermediate its ends to the side of the machine, and has the end opposite to the end which engages with the lock arm pivotally connected to a link 44:, which in turn is pivotedly connected with one arm 45 of a bell crank lever 16, pivoted at 4.7 to the frame of the machine.

The bell crank lever 46 and its associated parts may be held in the position shown in Fig. 1 by the coil spring as, which has one end connected to the lever 43.

When the carcass has reached the position as indicated at B, it is wholly supported by and at about vertically above the dehairing element and it is retained in this position by the gate for the time necessary to remove its hair and give its skin what is termed a polish, after which the operator operates the bell crank lever 46 to the rear thus permitting the gate to be forced, by the Weight and velocity of the carcass, to its open or discharging position, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.

The rotations of the dehairing element tend to constantly move the carcass toward and against the gate bars 38 with considerable force, so that this momentum thus imparted to the carcass combined with its weight, will serve to open the gate forwardly as shown on the dotted lines Fig. 1 the moment the gate is released, thus permitting the carcass to pass to the position C and fron'i thence to the position D, upon the gambreling bench 4L9.

lVhen the hog is in the position as shown at B, the hair, dirt and water are carried down by the scraping element, and in order to prevent the same from reaching and accumulating upon the gambreling bench, I have provided a grid table extending across the front of the machine which consists of a plurality of parallel rods 50. These rods are inclined upwardly at their inner or rear ends and extend between the spools and in substantial alinement with the spacers 16, forming openings equivalent to the width of the spools 12. It is through these openings that the hair passes down to a point "below the working plane of the scraping elements, the grid table forming a sultable 1ninclined plate 52, combining with the sideframes 10, to form a discharge chute leading from beneath the grids by which the hair and water are carried backtoward the rear of the machine.

By referring to Fig. 2 it will be seen that.

the spools 19, may vary in size; those at the extreme ends of the carriage being shown larger in diameter than the spools in the center, and that the peripheries of these spools are beveled inwardly. The spools are preferably arranged in this manner to produce a form of cradle which will serve to centralize the carcass as it lies upon the dehairer, thus adding to the efficiency of the device, and producing a means whereby the head and hams of the animal may be thoroughly cleansed and scraped.

It is readily apparent that the diameters of these spools may be so arranged as to substantially conformto the entire outline of the hog as he lies upon them.

I wish to make it further understood that I do not limit myself to placing the spools in sets of fours as shown, but that the same may be larger or smaller and the number of the same may be increased or decreased according to the particular design required.

Instead of the arrangement shown, ll may employ a number of spools mounted directly upon the main driving shaft 17, arranging them side by side so that they may revolve independent of one another upon shaft 17 or in unison.

I have described my present invention in detail relative to its preferred embodiment, and have further endeavored to set forth that as shown and described to the best advantage as will such a limited specification and drawings permit. 7 I

I have necessarily been limited in detailing its numerous modifications and refinements, and I therefore declare that these modifications and refinements are contemplated within the scope of my invention as expressed in the following claims.

What I claim is:

1. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a feeding-means at one side of the machine, and a discharge, spaced therefrom, at the opposite side of the machine, a rotatable dehairing-element having its operating surface within the space between the feed and discharge and projecting above the same, means for rotating the upper side of the dehairing-element in the direction of the discharge, and means for retaining the carcass being operated upon by the dehairing-element during the operation of dehairing and for releasing the same, whereby said carcass will, by the direction of rotation of the dehairing-means be caused to travel toward the discharge.

2. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a carcass discharge, a rotatable dehailing-element arranged in advance of the inner end of the discharge and comprising a series of independently rotatable scrapers annularly disposed in the dehairing-element and adapted to travel in an annular path about the axis of said dehairing-element when the latter is rotated, means for rotating the dehairing element to force the carcasses toward the discharge, and means for retaining the carcass within the field of operation of said dehairing-element 3. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a carcass discharge, a rotatable dehairing-element arranged in advance of the inner end of the discharge and journaled below the same, said dehairing element comprising a series of independently rotatable scrapers annularly disposed in the dehairing-element and adapted to travel in an annular path about the axis of said dehairingelement when the latter is rotated and above the plane of the discharge, means for rotating the dehairing-element so that its upper operative side travels toward the discharge, and means for retaining the carcass within the field of operation of the dehairing-element and releasing the same.

l. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a carcass-discharge, a rotatable dehairing-element arranged in advance of the inner end of the discharge, journaled below the inner end of the same and having its workingsurface projecting thereabove, said dehairing'element comprising a series of toothed dehairing rollers supported in the dehairing-element so as to travel in a path about the axis of the same, means for rotating the dehairing-element, and means for retaining a carcass upon the working-stir face of the dehairing element during the operation of dehairing.

5. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a carcass discharge, a rotatable dehairing element arranged in advance of the inner end of the discharge, journaled below the inner end of the same and having its working-surface projecting thereabove, said dehairing-element comprising a series of groups of independently rotatable toothed dehairing rollers supported about the axis of the dehairing element and constituting the working-surface of the same means for rotating the dehairing-element, and means for retaining a carcass upon the working surface of the dehairing-element during the operation of dehairing.

6. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a carcass discharge, a rotatable dearrest the travel of the carcass toward the discharge during the operation of dehairing and to retain the carcass upon the dehairing-eloment during said operation, and means for temporarily locking said closure against swinging.

7. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a rotatable dehairingelement, the same comprising opposite heads mounted upon a common axis, shafts connecting said heads and arranged about said axis, and

toothed rollers spaced apart and arranged -111 groups upon sald shafts, together with means for retainmg a carcass upon sald dehairing-element, said retaining means comprising a series of bars having their lower ends projecting within the spaces of said rollers.

8. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a rotatable dehairing-element, the

same comprising opposite heads mounted upon a common axis, a series of rods connecting the heads and paralleling and dis posed about said axis, groups of serrated spools loosely mounted on the rods, and means for retaining a carcass upon said dehairing-element during the operation of dehairing and for releasing said carcass sub sequent to such operation.

9. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a rotatable dehairing-element, the same comprising opposite heads mounted upon a common axis, a series of rods connecting the heads and paralleling and disposed about said axis, groups of serrated spools mounted on the rods and capable of independent rotation, said spools of each group decreasing in diameters toward the middles of the groups, and means for re taining a carcass upon said dehairing-element during the operation of dehairing and for releasing said carcass subsequent to such operation.

10. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, provided at its discharge-end with an inclined discharge-chute, of a gambrelingbench located beyond the chute at the discharge-end of the machine, and dehairing means in advance of the chute, and an inclined grid arranged above the upper end of the chute and leading from the dehairingmeans to the gambreling-bench.

11. The combination, in a dehairing-machine, of a rotatable dehairing-element, means for discharging a carcass thereon, a discharge leading from said element, a rockshaft journaled in the machine above the dehairing-element, a gate carried by the rock-shaft and depending to a point above the dehairing-element and closing the inner end of the rear discharge, a rock-arm carried by the end of the rock-shaft, means for limiting the inward movement of the rockarm, a locking-lever pivoted between its ends upon the machine and having its rear end adapted to engage and lock the rockarm, and a bell-crank lever pivoted to the machine and loosely, connected with and adapted to operate said locking-lever.

12. A rotatable dehairing-element for use in a dehairing-machine, the same consisting of an axis, opposite heads carried by the same, equidistant rods connectin the heads, a series of spacing-disks located upon the axis, sleeves upon said rods and impinged upon at their ends by the disks, and serrated spools carried by the sleeves and of less width than the same, said spools having independent rotation on the rods.

13. A rotatable dehairing-element for use in a dehairing-machine, the same consisting of an axis, opposite heads located at the ends of the axis and adaptedto move therewith, a plurality of rods paralleling the axis, arranged equidistantly about the same, and connecting the heads, and an unbroken series of independent serrated spools mounted on each rod and filling the space between the heads.

14. A rotatable dehairing-element for use in a dehairing-machine, the same consisting of an axis, opposite heads located at. the ends of the axis and adapted to move therewith, a plurality of rods paralleling the axis, arranged equidistantly about the same, and connecting the heads, an unbroken series of serrated independent spools mounted on each rod and filling the space between the heads, and spacing-means between the spools of each series.

Signed at Chicagoin the presence of the two subscribing witnesses, this 19th day of April, 1918.

ROBERT S. REDFIELD. [L. s.]

Witnesses:

F. B. STRICKLER, W. STADLER.

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