US1885161A - Machine for cleaning carcasses of hogs - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 1, 1932. N.--E. WERNBERG 1,885,161

IVIACHIIJE FOR CLEANING CARCASSES OF HOGS Filed July 5, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 lNY ENTOR NIELS ERIK ERNBEHG ATTORNEY Nov. 1, 1932. I N. E. WERNBERG MACHINE FOR CLEANING CARCASSES OF HOGS Filed July 3, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VEN TOR. N/ELS ERIK wsnwazms A TTORNEYS.

Nov. 1, 1932. N. E. WERNBERG 1,335,161

MACHINE FOR CLEANING CARCASSES OF HUGS F'iled July 3, 19:5 4 Shee s-Sheet 4 r/a, '7- INVENTOR N/ELS f g/K WERNBERG ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 1, 1932 NIELS ERIK wnnnnnne, or cornnn GEN," nnmannx v Y MACHINE on cnnamnc' caaoassns or HOGS Application filed July 3, 1930. Serial at. 465,618.

This invention relates to an improved cleaning machine for use inslaughter houses for the removal of bristles, hoofs and toe nails from hog carcasses, and especially to a 5 machine for simultaneously operating upon a plurality of carcasses.

The particular ob ect of'the invention is, to provide a machine for the purpose named that will excel in thespeed and efficiency of to its work and be more simple and economical in construction and operation than previous machines of this class have been; the particulars wherein and whereby said objects are attained will be duly set forth.

The construction of my improved'bristle removing machine is clearlyillustrated in the accompanying drawings, the various fig ures of which are as follows:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of the left hand end i of the machine. p

Fig. 2 is anelevation of the entry ceiving side of the machine. I

Fig.- 3 is a transversesection through the machine, said section being taken anywhere or reintermediate the ends'of the scraper cyl-I inders.

Fig. 4: is an outer face view of one of the scraper units which may be employed on any of the cylindersof my machine, .but in the drawings it is shown as being attached to the member that is termed the beater or releasing cylinder.

Fig. 5 is a central, longitudinal" section of the Fig. 4 form of scraper bit which'is termed thefish-tail or double-point bit.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged face view of the end of said double point bit.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged face view of the point of a singlepoint scraper bit.

The power or driving member of the machine is located at the right-hand end of Fig. 2 and nearly all of the transmissive elements are located at the left-hand end of the machine.

comprises a housing or casing 1 of oblong, rectangular cross section, within'which are mounted two revoluble, longitudinally-ex.- tending, parallel cylinders 2 and'3 bearing metallic scraper bits 4; cylinder 2 is termed Above the The construction shown in said drawings.

ther'eceiving cylinder becau'se itis mounted adjaoent'the carcass receiving side of the housing; cylinder 3is termedthe discharge cylinder since, itis mounted adjacentthe carcass discharging side of the housing. Said cylinders .2 and 3 are approximately of the same diameter and are arranged "in such proximity to each other as .to fully support thecarcass intervention of any intermediate supporting structure. i V V 1 discharge cylinder 3, somewhat outwardly therefrom and extendingparallel therewith and longitudinally of the housing is revoluhly mounted acarcass retaining and releasing cylinder 5, of open'or skeleton" formation which performs three functions, namely, the periodical retention ofthe ar-g cass in bristle removing relation to cylinders 2 and 3, it also during said periodco-acts with said cylinders in removing the bristles also the hoofs and toenails from the feet of therarcass and at the end of said cleaning period swings inwardly andup wardly over and out of contact with the carcass thus releasing it for ejection or discharge out of the housing and onto the receiving table 6. i

A suitable vertically-swinging"cradle '1 whereby carcasses are lifted'from alsc'ald' ing'tank'8 and delivered onto the receiving l w cylinder'2, is provided, and has its upper end rigidly mounted upon ahorizontallyextending, rotating shaft 9, the ends of which are r'otatively mounted in bearings 10, which are securedto and carried by the end walls of the housing 1.

Power and tained in a casing 14, the driving shaft of which is shown at 15; this shaft 15 extends.

longitudinally through the housing 1 and the cylinder 3 is mounted upon and driven thereby. As shown in' Fig. 1, upon the left end of said'shaft 15, is rigidly mounted and secured a sprocket16, from which power is res, PATENT "or-Pics beingoperated upon without the) transmission gearing are proj vided-'wl1ereb sa d cylinders and cradle are,

transmitted to a larger sprocket 17 which is secured to and drives shaft 18 of the cylinder 2; shaft 18 is also supplied with a pinion 19 which meshes with and drives a gear 20;

upon the shaft 20 is mounted a pinion 21 which meshes with and drives a gear 22, the shaft of which is shown at 23; upon said shaft 23 is keyed a cam 24, the function of which will presently appear.

Adjacent the top of the delivery side of the housing is mounted a longitudinally-e2:- tending shaft 25 which projects from said housing at each side thereof, and upon each of said projecting ends is rotatively mounted the upper eye or hub of a double-ended link 26; the lower eye or hub of each of said links carries the respective ends of the shaft 27 of the releasing cylinder 5.

Two sprockets 28 and 29 are mounted upon ,1 the projecting left hand end of said shaft 25;

said sprockets 28 and 29 are preferably a unitary structure and are revolubly mounted upon said shaft 25; sprockets 28 and 29 are driven by a chain indicated by the broken line 30 which passes around sprocket 31 that is keyed to said main driving shaft 15.

The left-hand end of the releasing cylinder shaft 27 is provided with a rigidly affiXed sprocket 32 to which motion is transmitted from sprocket 29. It can now be readily seen that, by means of the links 26, the beater cylinder is adapted to swing to its inward, upper, carcass-releasing position along the are 33; this swinging and releasing movement is positively imparted to said beater cylinder by the following means. Shaft 23, which is driven by gear 22, extends longitudinally of and each end thereof projects through its respective end ofthe housing 1;

' upon each of said projecting ends is mounted a cam 24; a transmission lever 35 is provided which is adapted to employ and is mounted upon shaft 15 as a fulcrum, and its lower end is provided with a roller 36 which contacts with and constantly bears upon the actuating face of said cam; the upwardly-extending end of said lever terminates in proximity to said link 26 and is connected thereto by means of a reach rod 34. The weight of the beater cylinder carried by said shaft 27 causes it to occupy its lowermost, carcass-retaining position, as shown in the drawings, and at the same time to keep the roller 36 in contact with the face of cam 24, which contact imparts to said lever 35 a swinging movement which, in turn, is imparted through said reach rod 34 to said heater cylinder to pcriodically impart to it co-operative function of assisting in cleaning the carcass or carcasses, as the case may be, and thereafter to permit their release from the machine. For the purpose of imparting the swinging movement to said cradle, one end of a crank lever 37 is rigidly secured to the left-hand end of the cradle shaft 9; to the other end of said In Fig. 3 of the drawings cylinder 5 is shown in the extreme outward and lower limit of its arcuate line of travel and t 1e dotted adjacent circle indicates the extreme inward and upward limit of said arcuate line of travel. The shape of cam 24 clearly indicates that cylinder 5 will dwell at the lowermost point of its travel.

In the use of this machine it has been found that two or more comparatively small carcasses may be placed in the machine and cleaned at the same time, and that the rubbing of such plurality of carcasses together, as they are turned by the bristle removing cylinders, materially assists in the cleaning of the carcasses, and greatly increases the output of the machine. When the machine is used for the cleaning of a plurality of carcasses, such plurality, whether two or more, are picked up by the cradle and deposited into the machine at the same time.

The respective movements of the cradle and the discharge cylinder are such that the carcasses are deposited into the housing and onto the receiving cylinder at the instant wardly and downwardly, and because of this its bristle-removing action begins while the carcass is entering the machine and early in thereturn movement of said cylinder; this action materially shortens the bristle-removing interval especially because the transmission gearing of sa d beater cylinder is geared to revolve said cylinder very rapidly as will be noted from an inspection of Fig. 1 where appear.

T he length and consequently greater flexibility of the beater arms of said cylinder 5, together with their centrifugal action due to Said p y of revolution of their drum the releasing movement of the cylinder 5 takes,

place the shaft 27 thereof moves upwardly through an arc of approximately degrees in extent, which are it retraverses in moving l back to its position of cooperative action with the other two cylinders; this trend of movement is important in three respects, namely, that in its upward movement it exerts its bristle removing action upon the outgoing wnen said beater cylinder is moving rearthe relative diameters of sprockets 31 and 32 carcass from aconstantly changing position until it reaches the. uppermost carcass releas ing' point throughout its return travel to. its

lowermost point, itsscraper bits are also acting upon the enteringc'arcass from a changing. po nt'of attack; this causes a. more universal prolonged and complete act-101i upon the car-.

cass than would be obtained if the shaftzof said cylinder 5 did not swing and act in the precise manner stated; it also insures a more certain and efiicient action of the deuble-point and single-pointscraper-bits in removing the toenails from the feet of the carcass. The

shape of the cam 24'is such. that the beater cylinder dwells somewhat. atits lowermost position as previously stated; also the shape of the point of said cam and'the approaches thereto are such as to cause said cylinder to quickly reverseits direction of travel at its highest point of travel...

The form of scraper bits shown on sheet lv of the drawings, and especially thecombination and arrangement of same shown in Figs. 4 and 5 constitute a novel and valuable de tail of my invention especially for the follow.

ing reasons:

The double-pointed, bifurcate, or fish-tail form of bit 39 is snfliciently wide at its point that when the proper number of them are secured to a cylinder, a continuous line or scraping edges. extend entirely across and longitudinally of .the cylinder, and furthermore, the central notch 40 1n said fish-tail bit is 7 especially effective in removing the hoofs and toenails from the carcass; the single point bit, ll-Fig. 7, being located back of and in circumferential alignment with said notch, complementary in action to said double po nts 39, and neutralizes or erases what would or might be an uncleaned streak upon the carcass which might possibly be caused by said notch. I

The single point form of bit,-a face view of which is shown in Fig. 7 and an edge view is shown in Fig.3, upon the cylinders 2 and: 3,-is fully described in a coependingapplica tion for a patent for improvements in machines for removing bristles from hog carcasses, filed at even date herewith, .7 These two forms of bits as employed on cylinder 5 are combined into scraper unit I which is clearly illustrated in Figs. 4: and 5 wherein they are shown as being rigidly sc cured at and ad3acent to the outer free end of a flexible tongue 42, which is composed of a closely woven rubber-impregnated, or otherwise waterproofed fabric; the inner end of said tongue 42 is firmly secured, as by means of bolts 43 to the radially disposed flanges ie of the collar 45 which is rigidly affixed to and driven by said shaft 27. The ends of hot of said bits adjacent their scraping edges arecurved outwardly away from the carrying tongue 42.-

As clearly indicated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, thefiexibletongues42 of the beater ele ments with which cylinder 5 is equipped are attached at their inner' ends very close to the shaft 27, which carries this organization, and extend radially outwardly therefrom, are of suflicient length so that, in their unflexed nor-' mal, radia'l reachand' limit'of operation, a

circle circumscribed about them at said limit would be of somewhat greater-diameterthan a circle -circumscribed about either of the.

drums 2' or 3v at the maximum limit of travel of theirrespectivescraper bits 4; but, owing to thelength and degree offlex'ibility of said tongues 42, such. a considerable degree of flexure 'thereof may take place as would cause the limit'of operation of their bits39 and 41 to'take place at a muchshorter radial distance from the center of cylinder 5 than the length of'the radius of said circumscribedcircle of the drums 2 or 3.

n This feature adds materiallyto the, adaptfirst carcass scraping drum revolubly mounted adjacent said receiving side of said housing and-in receiving relation to the delivery. point of said dellvery means, a second carcass-scraping and ejecting drum having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of said first drum mounted in said housing adjacent the delivery side thereof lower down than and in co-operative bristle-removing relation to-said first,drum,said twopdrums being adapted to fully support the carcass thereon, a third swingingly-mounted drum normally positioned above and outwardly toward the delivery side of said housing from said second drum-also in. (lo-operative coincld'ent, bristle-removing relation tosaid first and second drums and furthermore, in retaining'rel'ation to the carcass being cleaned,

means for mounting said third drum consisting of a link at each endof said drum in whlch the pro ect1ng ends of its shaft are respectively.carried, said linksbeing posi tioned exteriorly of saidhousing,whereby it is adapted tohave an arcuate, inward, upward swing whereby ltassumes a carcass releasing position and continues its cleaningaction upon the outgoing carcass during its travel to saidreleasing position, also exerts its cleaning action upon the incoming carcase while traveling back to its normal position, and power generating and transmission 'means whereby said carcass delivery means and said drums are caused to respectively operate and to swlng 1n the manner stated.

2. A machine for cleaningcarcasses of hogs comprising in combination, a suitable housing through which the carcasses are passed to be cleaned, means for delivering a carcass into the carcass-receiving side of said housing, a first carcass-receiving bristle-removing drum revolubly mounted in carcassreceiving proximity to the delivery point of said delivery means, a second bristle-removing drum of substantially the same diameter as said first drum revolubly mounted adjacent to the carcass ejecting or delivery side of said housing in co -operative bristle removing proximity to and lower down than said first drum, a carcass-cleaning, retaining and releasing open work cylinder of substantially the same diameter as that of said drums and having substantially long, flexible beater arms with metallic bits on the outer ends thereof revolubly and swingingly mounted in said housing so as to swing inwardly therein in an upwardly extending arcuate line of travel throughout the greater portion of which said releasing drum continues its cleaning action upon the outgoing carcass, said cylinder being positioned normally above and outwardly from said second drum, also in such proximity to said other two drums as to co-operatively and co-extensively exert therewith a cleaning action upon the carcasses being cleaned and furthermore, for a predetermined period of time to retain said carcass in its bristle removing relation to said drums and at the expiration of said period, by execution of said upward swinging movement, to travel over and release said carcass whereby said carcass becomes free so as to be ejected from the delivery side of said housing by the action of said second drum whereafter and during its return travel said cylinder begins its cleaning action upon the incoming carcass, and power generating and transmission means whereby said delivery means and said drums and cylinder are caused to operate as stated.

3. A machine for cleaning carcasses of hogs comprising in combination, a suitable housing, means for delivering a carcass into said housing at the receiving side thereof, three carcass-cleaning drums revolubly mounted in said housing with their axes in parallel relation; the first of said drums mounted adjacent to the carcass-receiv ng side of said housing in carcass-receiving proximity to the delivery point of said delivery means, a second drum of substantially the same diameter as said first drum positioned lower than and toward the delivery side of said housing from said second drum, said first and second drums being adapted to jointly and fully support a carcass in the dehairing position, the third unit of said drums being swingingly mounted and normally positioned above and outwardly toward the delivery side of said housing from said second drum elongated, flexible tongues for said third drum having their inner ends attached adjacent the shaft thereof and provided upon their outer free ends with terminal metallic scraper bits which are adapted through said flexibility to have a radial reach of efiectual, bristle-removing operation that is substantially the same as or less than the radial reach of said first and second drums, all of said drums being normally in respect to position and direction of revolution to co-operate throughout the interval of removal of bristles from the carcass being operated upon, the travel of said third drum during its swinging movement being in an upwardly-curving, arcuate path toward the receiving side of the housing out of contact with the carcass being cleaned whereby said carcass becomes free to be and is ejected from the housing by the action of said second drum, and power and transmission means whereby said delivery and cleaning means are caused to operate as set forth.

at. A machine for cleaning hog carcasses comprising in combination a suitable housing through which the carcass is passed for cleaning, means for delivering carcasses into the carcass-receiving side of said housing, a first carcass scraping drum revolubly mounted adjacent said receiving side of said housing and. in receiving relation to the delivery point of said delivery means, a second carcass-scraping and ejecting drum of substantially the same diameter as that of the first drum mounted in said housing adjacent the delivery side thereof lower down than and in co-operative bristle-removing relation to said first drum, said two drums being arranged to fully support the carcass therebetween, a swingingly-mounted rotary scraping member having an effective radial reach substantially the same as that of said drums and normally positioned above and outwardly toward the delivery side of said housing from said second drum and also in co-operative, bristle-removing relation to said first and second drums and furthermore in retaining relation to the carcass being cleaned, means for mounting said rotary scraping member for movement in an arouate, inward, upward swing whereby it as sumes a carcass releasing position, power generating and transmission means whereby said carcass delivery means and said drums are caused and co-ordinated to operate in the manner and sequence stated.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

NIELS ERIK VVERNBERG.

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