US1324644A - Coating-machine - Google Patents

Description

E. NORDELL,

COATING MACHINE.

APPLlCATlON FILED DEC-18, 1918.

Patented Dec. 2,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. NORDELL,

COATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 18. 1918.

Patented Dec. 2,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 ESKEL NORDELIJ, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

COATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 2, 1919.

Application filed December 18, 1918. Serial No. 267,236.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ESKEL NORDELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to improvements in appliances for coating receptacles, containers,or vessels of various kinds, but concerns more particularly, though not exclusively, the grease-proofing of containers or cans made of fibrous or. porous materials suchas pasteboard, straw-board, paper, etc. The viscous, somewhat syrupy, grease-proof coating material, containing, for example, gelatin, glycerin, and water having a tendency to entrap and hold air-bubbles, is applied in Warm, I liquid condition which causes, or tends to cause the expulsion of airbubbles from the pores of the fibrous walls of the receptacles rendering difficult the application of a smooth even coating free from holes therethrough or various imperfections therein because if any bubbles or air-pockets are permitted to remain on the surface of the wall beneath the coating, the latter,

in contracting during cooling, forms a thin film which is likely to break over such bubbles on handling producing serious defects or uncoated spots at such points, thus destroying the desired absolute grease-proof condition.

. One leading object, therefore, of the present invention is to so coat the pasteboard or paper cans as to avoid the presence of these objectionable bubbles, which, of course, owing to the viscous or syrupy consistency of the coating material have a decided tendency to form and to persist. Furthermore, such coating should be thin by reason of the cost of its ingredients which obviously renders more diflicult the securing of the perfect results required. The use of the new appliance and its method of operation, however, meet all these needs.

In employing the preferred embodiment of the invention the fibrous or more or less pervious cylindrical container is revolved while inverted, its bottom-wall being uppermost and its open mouth disposed downward, and during such rotation a plurality of streams of the warm, viscous coating so lution, all preferably in the same vertical plane, are played in surplus quantity in inclined directions on to different portions of the inner surfaces of the container, the ex cess draining down out of the open mouth .and being thrown outwardly therefrom by centrifugal force away from the bearing for 'the pasteboard-orpaper can holder or support. All the streams are conveniently delivered under pressure from a single, multistream nozzle located below and at one side of the can, one stream str1k1ng the under surface of the bottom of the can (now at the top because of the-reversed position of the can) slightly beyond the center so that there will be no interference with the ready outbottom and down the side-Wall, the receptacle draining at the same time that it is being coated.

Owing to the action of centrifugal force the heavier liquid is held or pressed directly against the inner surface of the revolving wall thereby thoroughly coating it, while the lighter bubble-charged portion of the liquid flows down the inner surface of such coating, the bubbles being washed or flushed away by the excess material, the

drained liquid,of course, being saved and used over again.

The discharge openings of the nozzle must be of the proper size as the liquid streams should not be so small as to twist and entrap air nor should they be moving at too high a velocity. The proper size of openings and the velocity of "the streamscan easily be determined by experiment.

The inner face of the can or container having been thus coated in inverted position, its holder is automatically released permitting the holder and can to assume a-more nearly horizontal position with its mouth outward during the remainder of" the revolution, thus more effectively throwing off the excess coating material, perfecting the smoothness and evenness of the coat, and preventing a thickened drip edge of the can.

In order that those skilled in this art ma have a full and complete understanding of this invention and its various functional and structural advantages, 1 have illustrated a preferred and desirable embodiment of the same in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and through out the various views of which like refer ence characters refer to the same parts.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a partial elevation and partial section of the entire appliance;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on line 2-2 of Fig 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of that portion of the appliance shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. at is a section on line 4-% of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 illustrates the lock or.latch device for the container or can holder.

In these drawings 1 have characterized the pasteboard, fiber, paper, or other more or less permeable or penetrable container or can with the reference character 10, and from Fig. 1, in which such can is shown in central longitudinal section, it will be clear that such vessel or container has the usual cylindrical side-wall 11 and an inset or inserted cup-shaped bottom-wall 12, the particular style of container, however, being of practically no importance.

Such can is adapted to be held by friction in inverted position with its open mouth downward in the grasp of a plurality of bow- springs 13, 13 on the inside of a ring or annular holder or support 14:, somewhat larger in size than the can it is adapted to accommodate, mounted fiXedlv on a pairof parallel spaced .arms

15, 15 pivoted at 16-, 16, to the upper end portions of a pair of upright rods 17 18.

screwed at their lower ends into holes in a plate 19 fastened on the top surface of the hub 20 of a horizontally-disposed grooved pulley 21 revoluble on a hollow stationary pipe or shaft 22 maintained securely in vertical position by an apertured support 23 through which it extends fastened by screws 24, 2%, to a cross-bar'25 mounted on a table 26 beneath its top 27. i l

A belt 28 drives pulley 21 from a similar driving pulley 29 loose on an upright shaft 30 revoluble in suitable bearings 31, .31, and rotated by means of a worm-wheel 32 revolved by a worm (not shown) on a powersha-ft rotated by a pulley 34 driven from any suitable source of power, such as an electrio-motor, by a belt (not shown). Shaft 30 is adapted to be operatively connected to and disconnected from pulley '29 by a clutch 35 of any ordinary or Suitable structure operated by a link 36 pivoted thereto and to an arm 37 fulcrumed at 38 on the standard 39 on the table top.

The companion or cooperative clutch-elements 35 are normally held separated or intically slidable in a bearing 43 mounted on.

the under face of the table top and its lower end is bent laterally at ll to provide a linger cooperating with a'notched disk 45 on a horizontal cam-shaft 4G revolublc in bearings l7, l7, and rotated by a worm-wheel 13 thereon driven by a worm 18 (see Fig. 2) on a vertical shaft 49 rotatable in 'bearings 50. 50 and equipped with a. pulley 51 driven by a belt 52 co-act-ing with a grooved pulley portion 53 of the hub of pulley 29.

Obviously, therefore, when arm 3? is depressed momentarily by hand clutch 35 is rendered operative, the can is rotated by the means described, and the clutch cannot again become inoperative or disconnected until the notched disk 45 has made one complete revolution, finger ii in the meantime holding rod 41 depressed by riding on the surface of the disk 45. Thus in each actuation the can to be coated will make apredetermined number of revolutions, its rotation will be automatically stopped when, under the action of spring 40, finger 44 ascends into the recess of disk 45 as soon as it comes into register therewith.

The coating or spraying mechanism comprises the following instrumentalities. On the upper screw-threaded end of the upright pipe 22 and below the can and at one side of its center, so as not to interfere with the upward and outward swinging of the can hereinafter described, a multi-jet nozzle is fitted having four openings or discharge apertures through which the coating liquid is played under pressure onto the inner surfaces of the can during its rotation about its own aXis. As is clearly shown in Fig. 1, one of these inclined streams 61 impinges against the under surface of the can bottom-wall 12 just beyond its geometrical center, a second stream 62 plays into the corner where the side and bottom walls meet, and the two remaining streams 63 and (ii engage the inner surface of the cylindrical wall at different points or heights, the four streams preferably being located in substantially the same vertical plane.

The viscous orcohesive coating liquid is maintained Warm in a hot-water-jacketed reservoir orsupply tank 65 from which itis forced to the nozzle through a pipe 66 The nozzle and-a portion of the can re-j volving mechanism are surrounded by a casing or housing 71 having a bottom-wall 72 with an upstanding, circular flange 73 bordering its central aperture through which the driving and operating parts extend. The excess or surplus coating liquid draining from the can is prevented from coming into contact with the driving mechanism below the table by a stationary, conical shield 74 secured to or forming part of the nozzle mounting. Below this is a larger guard 7 5 mounted on and rotatable with the supporting posts 17 and 18 and plate 19 and having a marginal depending flange or rim 76 overlapping and outside of flange 7 3.

The coating liquid, in casing 71 discharged from the can drains therefrom through a pipe 77 into a settling or separating tank 78, maintained at the desired temperature by a suita'blehot-water.jacket, from which it is forced by a pump 79 of convenient construction into the supplytank 65, whereby none of the liquid is lost. In this tank 78 the enveloped or inclosed air-bubbles to a large extent are permitted to separate from the liquid and inasmuch as the liquid pumped into the tank is drawn from the lower part of the receptacle 78, such portion is free from froth or bubbles.

Cam-shaft 46, as is clearly illustrated, is provided with a suitably-shaped cam 80 coactingwith a right-angle extension 81 of the stem 82 of the self-closing valve 68, whereby the valve will be opened downwardly soon after the rotation of the cam begins by the cam depressing parts 81 and 82, the cam being so shaped that the valve is permitted to close automatically by the action of its spring (not shown) before the cans revolution ceases.

In order to release the hinged ring holder and its can so that they may swing outwardlyand upwardly under the action of,

centrifugal force after the completion of the liquid-applying process to more effectively and efficiently eliminate or expel the surplus liquid, the post 17 is made hollow to receive a round sliding rod 90 normally pressed down by a coiled spring 91 housed in the top part of the cavity andpressing on the top end of the rod. Its descent is lim ited by a cross-pin 92- therein received in a longitudinal slot 93 in the post. Suchtransverse pin is of suflicient length to engage an open-top recess or notch 94 in a block 95 on the adjacent outer face of the ring holder. Thus, under usual conditions, the pin is held in such recess by the action of spring 91, locking the holder against turning on its hinge mounting 16, 16 but in no way interferingwith its rotation about its own axis. To release or unlock the ring holder and its can upon the completion of the liquid application, cam-shaft 46 is equipped with a cam 96 acting on a spring-depressed rod 97 vertically slidable in a bearing member 98 fastened to the under surfaceof the table top, and carrying at its upper end a slightly-inclined, curved shoe or plate 99 with which the lower end of rod 90 is adapted to coact. When rod 97 is raised by the cam, holder 14 and its can 10 are unlocked and they are free to swing into the inclined or more elevated and outward position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. Upon cessation of the rotation, the holder and its can rock or swing down to a' nearly normal upright position by reason of their.

weight and are locked to their now stationary rotary support by a slight touch of the fingers when about to remove the treated can.

The operation of the appliance takes place practically as follows:

The operator by hand inserts the can 10 to be coated upside down in the annular holder or support 14 in which position it is held by friction by the inwardly pressing action of the plurality of bow springs 13. Then such attendant depresses the lever or arm 37 which clutches the constantly-rotating shaft 30 to the twopulleys 29and 53 causing their rotation and by the connecting .belts driving hollow shaft or sleeve 20 and cam-shaft 46. The descent of arm 37 forci bly lowers rod 41 removing its finger 44 from the recess in disk 45 which, of course,-

begins to turn with shaft 46. Obviously, the release of the manual pressure "on arm 37 now has no influence on the clutch which for a definite period is maintained active by finger 44 riding on the edge of its companion disk. This rather rapid rotation of sleeve 20 and the can and its holder will continue until the cam-shaft has completed one revolution, whereupon the finger rises into the notch of disk 45 under the influence of spring 40 releasing the clutch and lock- .ing the cam-shaft against rotation, but of course the rendering of the clutch inactive causes a cessation of such rotation. v

Soon. after the can begins to rotate on its own axis in this manner, cam 80 opens valve 68 and the warm, viscous, liquid, coating material is discharged under pressure for a definite period of time through the nozzle openings against the inner surfaces of the can in excess quantity to assure complete coating, the surplus flowing down the wall of the can and being thrown out of its mouth by centrifugal force.

By way of example, I may mention that in actual practice I have found that two hundred revolutions per minute for the can is suitable and that the streams of liquid may play with good results for fifteen to twenty seconds but, of course, it will be understood that the invention is no way limited to such figures.

The more or less syrupy or viscous liquid has a tendency to entrap air-bubbles and similar bubbles are also seemingly expelled from the porous walls of the can by the entrance of the liquid into their pores, but due to the action of centrifugal force on the heavier liquid, not charged with such air globules, it is pressed or forced against the inner surface of the can leaving the other air-laden or more frothy portion inwardly thereof, which latter is washed or rinsed away by the surplus flowing down the surface of the container. Stated somewhat differently the liquid is subjected to the action of centrifugal force to separate the same into two parts or layers, one free from airbubbles and the other containing such globules. lAt the same time the former heavier stratum is pressed by the same force against the surface to be coated and the lighter air-charged part is flowed or flushed away.

The stream 61 after striking the under surface of the inverted bottom of the can continues its outward flow uninterruptedly effectively coating the surface to which it is applied. There is just enough of such stream which spatters or flows rearwardly to cover the exact central portion of the surface, which might otherwise remain uncoated. If such stream were directed at the other streams.

exact center of the surface there would likely be an excess backward flow with possibly an undesirable trapping or encompassing of air particles. Stream 62 assures that an adequate quantity of the liquid will reach the corner or joint, and streams 63 and 64 supplement the work of each other and of the Inasmuch as all of these streams are in the same vertical plane their individual excess quantities of coating liquid flow down in the same general path and unitedly and conjointly assure the complete coating operation without air-bubble defects Shields 74, 75, and 73, afford complete.

protection to the bearings and other parts and the drained liquid passes to receptacle "'78 where its air bubbles escape before the liquid is pumped into supply tank 65.

At; the proper time cam 80 permits the valve to close and thereafter cam 96 raises shoe 99 so that rod 90 during its rotation about the axis of the can and its holder is lifted releasing lock 92, 95 thus permitting the ring holder and can to swing upwardly and outwardly under the power or operation of centrifugal force about the hinge screws 16, 16, into the inclined or more nearly horizontal position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. This position of the can while revolving permits the overplus coating material to be more easily expelled forcibly from the interior of the can and prevents the formation of a thickened drip edge on the can. In actual practice such whirling of the can may continue for fifteen to twenty seconds to advantage not only throwing off the excess or surplus material and bubbles but possibly also smoothing and evening the coating in so doing. When this operation has continued the predetermined time, the notch in disk 45 arrives in register with finger 44: thus allowing rod 41 to ascend under the pressure of spring 40 thereby separating the clutch-elements, stopping the rotation of all parts except shaft 30 and its guiding mechanism, and permitting the holder and its can to swing down to a nearly normal position as shown in Fig. 1, the holder becoming again latched or locked to its support by a slight pressure of the fingers when removing the treated can.

In this simple but effective way, the po-' rous or fibrous containers may be greaseproofed by a suitable coating free from blemishes or defects.

By those skilled in this art it will be appreciated that this invention is not limited and restricted to the precise and exact mechanical details of construction presented because these may be varied within com-- paratively wide limits without departure fromthe heart and essence of the invention and without the sacrifice of any of its substantial benefits and advantages. Stated somewhat differently, the invention is susceptible of a variety of embodiments and is, therefore, not limited to any particular one.

I claim:

1. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and revolve the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downward and substantially unobstructed permitting. free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means to apply a surplus quantity of the coating liquid to the inner surface of such container during its rotation, the coating material flowing down the inner surface of the container, the excess draining out of its mouth, substantially as described.

2. In. an appliance scribed, the combination of means to support and revolve the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downof the character de- 7 eeann ward and substantiallyunobstructed permitting free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means to play one or more upwardly inclined streams of thecoating liquid in surplus quantity against the inner surface of the container during its r0- tation, the coating material flowing down the inner surface of the container, the excess draining out of its mouth, substantially as described.

3. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and revolve the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downward and substantially unobstructed permitting free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means to play a plurality of upwardly inclined streams of the coating liquid in substantially the same vertical plane in surplus quantity against the inner surfaces of such container during its rotation, the coating material flowing down the inner surface of the container, the excess draining out of its mouth, substantially as described.

an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and revolve thecontainer to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downward and substantially unobstructed permitting free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means to play a stream of coating liquid against the under surface of the inverted bottom wall of the container slightly to one side of its center during the rotation of the container, substantially as described.

5. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and revolve the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downward and substantially unobstructed permitting free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means to play an inclined stream of coating liquid against the under surface of the inverted bottom wall of the container slightly beyond its center during rotation of the container, substantially as described.

6. an appliance of the character des ribed, the combination of means to revolve the container to be coated in inverted position, means to play a stream of coating liquid against the under surface of the in: verted bottom-wall of the container, and means to play a stream of such liquid on the joint of the bottom and side walls, substantially as described.

7. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and revolve the container to be coated in inv verted position with its open mouth downward and substantially unobstructed permltting free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means durmg such rotation to play a stream of coating liquid on the inside of the joint of the bottom and side walls of the container, substantially as described.

8. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and revolve the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downward and substantially unobstructed permitting free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means during such rotation to play an inclined stream of coating liquid on the inside of the joint of the bottom and side walls of the container, substan tially as described.

9. In a appliance of the character described, the combination of means to revolve the container to be coated in inverted position, means to play an inclined stream of the coating liquid against the under surface of the inverted bottom-wall of the container slightly beyondits center, and means to play an inclined stream of such coating material on the inside of the joint of the bottom and side walls of the container, substantially as described.

10. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and revolve the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth down ward and substantially unobstructed permitting free drainage of the excess coating liquid from the lower edge ofthe container and means to apply a viscous liquid coating material to the inner surface of said container during such rotation, the speed of rotation being such as to cause the heavier liquid substantially free from air bubbles, to be next to the surface to be coated by reason of its greater centrifugal force, the lighter bubble-charged portion ofthe liquid to be located inwardly thereof by reason of its lesser centrifugal force, substantially as described.

11. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and revolve the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downward and substantially unobstructed permitting free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means to apply a viscous liquid coating material in surplus quantity to the inner surface of said container during such rotation, the speed of rotation being such as to cause the heavier liquid substantially free from air bubbles to be next to the surface to be coated by reason of its greater centrifugal force and the lighter bubble-charged portion of the liquid to be located inwardly thereof by reason of its lesser centrifugal force and washed away by the draining of the surplus material, substantially as described.

12. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to revolve the container to be coated, a nozzle outside or more streams of the coating liquid against the inner surface of said container during the rotation of the latter, and means to supply said nozzle with liquid coating material under pressure, substantially as described.

13. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to revolve the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth disposed downwardly, a nozzle below said container constructed to direct one ormore streams of liquid coating material against'the inner surface of said container during the rotation of the latter, and means to supply said nozzle with such liquid coating material under pressure, substantially as described. 14. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to support and to revolve for a predetermined period the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downward and substantially unobstructed permitting free drainage from the lower edge of the container, and means to coat the interior of such container during a portion only of its period of rotation, the coated container revolving after the coating operation to expel the surplus coating material by centrifugal force, substantially as described. 15. In an appliance ofthe character described, the combination of meansto coat the surface of a container while the latter is in one position, and means to revolve said container in a different angular position after the coating operation to remove the surplus coating material by centrifugal force, substantially as described.

16. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to coat the inner surface of a container in inverted position with its open mouth downward, and means to revolve the coated container in a more nearly horizontal position, whereby the surplus coating. material maybe nsaaeee thrown out by centrifugal force, substantially as described.

17. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to rotate the container to be internally coated in in-- the container to be coated, a hinged mounting for said holder on said rotary support, means to lock said mounting to prevent rocking thereof, means to operate said lock, and means to apply a coating material to a container held in said holder, substantially as described.

19. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of a holder adapted to support the container to be coated in inverted position with its open mouth downward, a support, means to rotate saidsupport, a hinge mounting for said holder on said rotary support, means to lock said mounting to prevent rocking thereof, means 'to operate said lock, a nozzle below the container held in said holder, and means to discharge the coating liquid through said nozzle against the inner surface of the container while its holder is locked, substantially as described.

20. In an appliance of the character described, the combination of means to rotate the container to'be coated in inverted position for a predetermined period, and automatically acting means to play the coating liquid on the inner surface of the rotating container for a period less than that of its rotation, substantially as" described.

ESKEL NQRDELL.

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