USRE15547E

USRE15547E - Fornia

Info

Publication number: USRE15547E
Authority: US
Priority date: 1920-01-07
Publication date: 1923-02-20
Also published as: US1423583A

Description

Feb. 20, 1923; Re. 15,547

' R., A; STEPS METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR WASHING CENTRIFUGALS Original Filed July 25,

'7 sheets-sheet l n m 5 3 7. .9 a 3 7 .4 2 2 9 I .3 A a l h W 9 0 v Q 6 v 5 0 33 n I a 2 n 5 3 m a. 22 1 a 0 R. A. STEPS F6320, 1923. v I Re. 15,547

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR WASHING CE NTRIFUGALS Original Filed July 25, 1922 7 sheets-sheet 2 Feb. 20,1923. Re.15 ,547

' I R. A. STEPS.

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR WASHING CENTHIFUGALS Original Filed July 25 Feb. 20,1923,

R. A. STEPS METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR WASHING CENTR IFUGALS Original Filed July 25, 1922 '7 sheets-sheet 4 Feb. 20, 1923.

Original Filed July 25, 1922 '7 sheets-sheet 5 Fig. 10.

, n 0 n u.. m M m. 1 P P 9 m i i 5 5 ..r m 77 .l P 6 6 .I e m M 4 4' n e 4 2 0 H3 8 P 8 a 3 O A. 5 v. 7 n 5 7 I M 1 z m .h 5 x 7 JHIIIIHI 1 8 w 1 6 M: n :11, to 2 A, 4m v u 7 i a 5: H\ cl m b n x l .|lIr| o V n V 3 Ao I L M R. A. STEPS METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR WASHING GENTRIFUGALS Feb- 20, 1,923. Re. 15,541

Original Filed J uly 25, 1922 '2 shets-sheen 6 7 28 11 R 11, Operqling Position. 81

Fig.12 Rest Position I um M 01 6 a? 0% Rested Feb; 20, 1923 UNITED STATES PATENT:- orr cs;

ROBERT ALEXANDER srrnrs, or Los ANsELEs cALIroRN IA, ASSIGNOR To SUGAR MACHINERY COMPANY, or nos ANGEL-ES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION or CALI- FORNIA.

mnrnonor AND MEANS FOR WASHING CENTRIFUGALS;

Original N0. 1,423,583, dated July 25, 1922, Serial No. 350,046, filed January 7, 1920. Application for reissue flled January 10, 1923. Serial No; 611,825. I

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Roxanna ALEXANDER S'rErs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Method of and Means for \Vashin Centrifu als, of which the follow- D ing is a specification.

- An object of this invention is to wash sugar in centrifugalswith absolute mathematical precision and to accomplish the result with the minimuin possible amount of water.

In sugar manufacture the usual operation of separating the syrup from the sugar consists in supplying the slowly rotating centrifugal basket with a charge of massecuite and then increasing the speed so thatthe rotation of the basket when brought up to full speed causes the syrup to be thrown out Ward into a housing while the sugar crystals are retained by the basket, thus forming a hollow cylinder, the usual cavity in which is apparently of an inverted frusto-conical form; but sometimes is apparently cylindrical. This body of sugar crystals is more or less compact and requires to be washed with pure water in order to remove from the outer sides of the crystals, the syrups and other substances foreignto the sugar, which adhere tothe surfaces ofthe crystals. It is important to supply to each portion of the body the exact amount of water that is re- (uired for such washing, and that will'efeat the washing with the least possible dissolving action upon the sugar. I

I havediscovered that the axial section of the cavity in the massecuite charge isof the form of atruncated parabola and that the major axis orprincipal diameter of the parabola increases and decreases inversely as the mass of the chargeunder the same conditions of size and speed of basket.

In practical operation, according to common practice, the massacuite is introduced into the basket while the basket is rotating .at about80 to 100 revolutions per minute and when the requisite charge has been introduced,-thebasket is immediately speeded up toabout llOO'revolutions per minute, as

a safe maximum of speed for an inside di ameter of. 40 inches, with the result that l speed and quantity of charge and'that therefore it is possible to wash the column uniformly by conformance to calculations based on the truncatedparabolic form of the. axial section of such column. 7 I f The broad and essential discovery and invention herein involved are pioneer, primary and basic as therehasheretofore been no suggestion in the art, that'it is possible tolmprove the present methods and means, by successively delivering to predetermined zones of the sugar column a. differential spray of wash water, delivering to each zon'e a quantity of Water directly and accurately proportional to the mass of sugarin" such zone.

The invention and discovery involve the method and certain novel apparatus and parts and combination of parts as will-hereinatter more fully appear;

I have discovered that at a speed of about 1100 revolutions of the basket per minute, more or less, the frusto conical projection of thecavity is substantially of parabolic form when the sugar is piled up by the centrifugal action at that speed;; and that the amount of wash water to be appliedat any level for the'purpose of washingth'e crosssection of the sugar content at -th -at level can be accurately determined by applying a cam to operate an oscillating nozzle to cause the nozzle oscillation toconform to such parabola; and a principleof this invention is that which governs the mechanismwhereby the vquantity of wash water delivered to any portion of the interior surface of the hollow sugar mass is exactly proportional the mass where the water to the thickness of is delivered. p

' I have. discovered that it is possible to washed by the horizontal flow of water therethrfough under the centrifugal impulse,

contacting line of the cam is constructed to cause an osclllation of the nozzle. speeded with direct relation to the thickness of the wall of massecuite outside the parabolic trace where the water is applied; and I have also discovered that the operation of the nozzle along such wall can be varied to conform .to, the different shapes of the cavity which are produced by different sized charges of massecuite, or by different modes of'loading or of speedingup after loading. This is accomplished by'having anadjustable cam having a succession'of cam traces.

An object is. to make provision for quick easy adjustment for distributing water differently totheaccumulated massecuite as the accumulations thereof flare differently; that is. to say, in practice the massecuite-in thercentrifugal basket. flares in proportion to theamount of the. charge put into the basket. In practice, where a light charge of massecuite is treated, the inside walls of the charge may be approximately vertical, while with a heavier charge the walls may have a considerable flare being thicker at the bottomand thinner at the top of the Walls which are externally cylindrical.

An object of the invention is to make provision. whereby the wash-water will be applied to the different portions ofthe wall in mathematically correct proportion to the relative thickness of the wall so that where agreater quantityof the'massecuite is to be a requisite quantity of wash waterwill be applied and each portion of the wall will be supplied at any level according to the thick nessiof the mass at that level.

An object-of the invention. is to make provision whereby the operation of Washing the centrifugals may be performed ina practically automatic way with minimum attention onl the-partofthe attendant; and to enable an attendant to easily learn how to operatethe machine. 1

An object of the'infvention is toavoid cuttingthe inside surface of-the sugar mass intoridges, and in the invention I have provided means whereby this is avoided and said means includes not only the original mechanism: for delivering the wash water in proportional quantities at the different levels, but also in delivering the water in such a form as to minimize the tendency to cut the sugar surface into ridges. This is effected by delivering the wash water through a nozzle of peculiar construction adapted to project a thin angular spray across the cavity and against the revolving wall which receives it.

Another feature of the invention is the provision of mechanism whereby the washing is instantly started and stopped at the exact posit-ion of the nozzle where such starting and stopping may be effected-without disturbing the proper proportional delivery of the wash water.

Other objects, advantages and features of invention may appear from the accompanying drawings, the subjoined detail description and the appended claims.

The invention may be carried out in various ways; and although it includes the method, the apparatus, the parts and combination of parts, I do not limit myselfto. specific constructions but may make changes from time to time without departing from the spirit of the invention. As to the method, that can obviously be carried out byvarious types of mechanism.

The discovery and invention may be un-. derstood by reference to the accompanying drawings which show one form of embodiment with an adjustable cam. The num bers in the arrow circles indicate sight directions for some of the views of corresponding numbers.

Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section on line 00 Fig. 2 showing the washer applied to a centrifugal machine having therein. a flared charge of massecuite or sugar mass which is being washed by a jet from the washer that is shown approximately at the restposition which it occupies at the starting, and at the finishing wash operations, respectively. I a

Fig. 2 is aplan of the apparatus as. shown in Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan of the oscillating spraydevice shown. inF-igs. 1 and 2; parts being broken away to expose interior construction. The parts are shown in rest position with the dial oscillated by spring 58 acting on the tripping cam.

Fig; 4 is asectional elevation on line m", Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows. v

Fig. l is an enlarged fragmental detail of the connection between the cam. and

the operating sleeveon the cam shaft, a-.

timer in the rest position. Parts are broken away to expose interior mechanism. This view s from the rear of Fig; 5 and thedireclating the nozzle.

'tion of sight is indicated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 by the arrows 6.

Fig. 7 is a full size plot of a cam constructed for a machine adapted for use in washing the charge in a centrifugal basket ing and stopping the spraying apparatus- The stopping pin is within one step of releasing the tripping device. Parts arebroken away to expose details of construction.

Fig. 10 is an inverted plan sectional detail viewed from horizontal portion of line 1c Fig 10; looking up in the direction of the arrows on said line.

Fig. 10 is a fragniental sectional detail of the clock spring connection for returning the dial and unlatchin pin to initial position indicated by the first of the ordinals 51.

Fig. 11 is afragmental plan partly in section on irregular line-w a: Figs. .10

and 11; showing the position of the timer in Figs. 10 and 11 during the washing operation.

Fig. 11 is a projection from Fig. 11

' showing the timer dial and poise, wit-h pawl and operating tooth in operating position.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged fragmental elevation of the timer with the ratchet wheel oscillated; to the rest position shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6. The dial is partly broken away to show the ratchet teeth and the safety notch. Parts are also broken away to show interior construction.

Fig. 13 is a fragment-a1 plan detail partly in section on line 91 Fig. 14, illustrating the automatic means for instant arrest of the spraying nozzle at the end of the sprayin operation.

4 ig. 14 is a fragmental elevation partly in section on line indicated at as, Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is an elevation of the indicator of the cam adjusting device viewed from the direction'indicated by the arrow 15 in Figs. 2, 3 and 6. v

Fig. .16 is an enlarged front view of the nozzle.

Fig. 17 is a section on line m, Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a plot of a radial section-through,

one side of a hollow flaring sugar column for determining the ca m surface for oscil- This vlew IS on a reduced scale as compared to Fig.

Fig. 19 is a section analagous to Fig. 18 of a sugar column formed by a smaller charge and having a less flare than the column section detailed in Fig. 18.

As is customary in-the art, the cylindrical basket 1 carried by and revolving with the driving shaft 2 is mounted inside the housing 3 which is provided with a syrup collector 1 and with a discharge outlet 5 for the finished product. Said basket is of the usual construction of centrifugal baskets and is provided with an annular bottom cover 6 to close the outlet opening through which the sugar of the hollow column 8 is to be discharged when such column is broken down; a handle 9 being provided for lifting. up the annular cover when it is desired to discharge the sugar.

The side walls of the basket 1 are formed I ofa very flneslotted sheetbrass screen; and the floor 10 and thetop flanges 1.1 are impermeable except at the discarge period in accordance with the usual construction of sugar centrifugal baskets. The floor 10 is connected to the shaft 2 by the spider 12 extending outwardfrom a conical hub 13 which is secured on the shaft 2 by a nut 14.

The nozzle.

The nozzle 16 is formed as a hollow head having front wall .17 pierced wit-h three

horizontal rows

18, 19, 20, of fine perforations which in practice may be 3/64 of an inch in diameter, the aggregate of all the holes equaling the area of a 5/ 16 inch diameter nozzle the upper and

lower rows

18 and 20 having fourteen holes each and the mlddleiow 19 containing thirteen. holes the rows being about two and five tenth inches long and the holes being spaced apart about 3/16 of an inch. The wateris delivered to the nozzle through a flexible hose 21 carried by an oscillating arm 22. r

In practicewith a basket of forty inches diameter and twenty-four inches depth, and with a nozzle such as described, the hose is sup-plied with water under a head to produce a pressure ofabout twenty pounds per square inch at the spray outlets so that the spray is initiated by forty-one fine jets distributed in an oblong rectangular figure that is two and one-half inches long horizontally, and one fourth of an inch wide, vertically, Of course. these exact proportions can be considerably varied. as the spirit of my invention, where I claim" an elongated spray, requires: only that the shape be longer in its general horizontal direction than it is in its vertical direction, an elliptical or other elongated shape being as good as a rectangular shape, and, 'of course. without departing from the spirit of my invention, the longer axis may be slanted away from a true horizontal by adjusting the nozzle at any of the ure 6, and in many respects my inventiom can obviously be practised without an elongated spray, so long as it: is quite thin vertically compared with the height of the-basket to allow sufliciently accurate placing of.

the water. The upper and lower parts of the stream should. be more parallel than in pre vious automatic: washers, generally known and patented.

. N 02216 oscillator.

The oscillating lever has an arm 22,. is pivotally mounted on an axis 23, and is op.-

erable by a tappet 2 4 which, contacts upon 7 into contact with the face of the differential cam 27; which is revolved by means of a shaft 28. The differential nozzle oscillating cam 27 is mounted to rotate with the shaft 28 and to slide thereon. The shaft 28 is journaled in

bearings

29, 28, and 29 carried by the case 30. The bearings 29, 29' are fixed to the case 30 and its removable side 30. The bearing 28- is a sleeve sliding.

in fixed bearing 29 of the remov-able'case cover 30, and is swiveled to the cam 27. The cam is slidable along and'is rotatable by shaft 28, there being a spline 31' along the shaft and a groove 31" in said -cam which allows the cam to be shifted longitudinally of the shaft to bring into contact with. the tappet, whatever portion of the perimeter of the cam may be requisite to t-he work' in hand. Adjustment and retention of the same is effected by a hand lever 28 yieldingly held'by the spring ratchet 28'. Of course the advantages of having a. cam with: various traces, and with the adjusting means for bringing the various traces into the operativeposition, may: be omitted, and in place a simple cam may be used with only one trace, and the adjusting means omitted, and this more elementary embodiment of my invention is useful in factories where the amount of sugar flare that is, the amount by which. the sugar flares in at the bottom as comparedwith the top-is practically constant from charge to charge and from day to day. I v

The nozzle 16 is mounted to oscillate up I and down at one side of the rim of thebasket 1 and is directed across the cavity thereof adjacent to, but at one side of the driving shaft 2, so as to allow the jets to breakup into afine stream of water and air commingled and to be directed practically normal to the curved inner face of the hollow sugar column 8.

' The cam shaft 28 is rotated at desired speed by means of a worm: wheel 32 fixed to the shaft by spline 31 and rotated by a worm 33 driven by a motor 34.

illo tor commotion.

for. the reason that it can be instantly started and also instantly stopped through application of a brake which forms a part of a combination I have provided therefor, in this invention;

Said induction motor is applicable for use in connection with an alternating electric current, but where an alternating current is not available a. direct current motor, not shown, may be used.

The nozzle oscillator is adjustable relative to the tappet by means of a slide bearing 35 supported by the stationary tappet guide 26.

This is the means that Ihave selected for making the amplitude of the nozzle .oscillation adjustable.

The diyfcrential nozzle cam.

By referring to Figs. 7, 18 and 19, the method of plotting a differential nozzle cam I for any given diameter and speed of centrifugal will be understood... In reference to Figures 18 and 19, it should be mentioned I that the mode of charging and spinning the sugar in centrifugals, is often such as to bring the trace of the sugar section into that portion of the parabola which is subst-antially a straight line, either slopin with reference to the shaft or axis, as in Figure 18, or running almost parallel thereto, as in Figure 19, and for purposes of simplification, this condition is assumed in this explanation V The'cam is plotted from a circle at having its center I) at the axis of the cam 27 and its shaft 28, and said-circle isdividedinto units,

which for convenience in plotting the cam for a'forty inch contrifugal, is-taken as four square inches; so that there are forty units on the base circle-indicated asbounded by outer arrow heads .0. These units of circular measurement are correlative to the oblong four inch areas d which are cross-sections respectively of suppositional' level layers 6 of the sugar column 8. g I

The function to be imposed upon the differential cam is thebringing of the thin narrow spray to the positions, successively, for those proportional periods, successively, which will result in bringing the wash water to the inside wall in the exact amounts predetermined by the thickness of the sugar wall atthe successive levels.

. The effective amountof wash water required for saturating a definite section of the sugarwall atany particular level will be a determined by the thickness of the wall at such level, and therefore the spray; which is constant through the nozzle must be delivered to the successive suppositional layers at'the lower levels for periods of greater lengths, respectively, than at the higher levels. i

The cam therefore is soconstructedthat the movement of the nozzle is comparatively slow at the lower level while the spray is being directed therefrom to the bottom of the sugar wall, and will be increased in speed as it approaches the'topzof the sugar wall; and the rate of movement while the spray is being delivered againsta wall at any level will directlyv correspond to thethickness of the sugar wall at such level.

In order to systematically plot the cam for washing a sugar charge of predetermined dimensions, the'longitudinal traces on the inside face of the sugar wall at any axial plane of section may bedivided intospaces of equal area arbitrarily determined and bounded at top and bottom by horizontal planes and peripherally by the screen. g

It is evident that such spaces at the lower thick portion of the hollow sugar column the top and bottom of the column according to the upand down movement of the nozzle, the flow of the water being constant from beginning the washing operation at the bot- Itom of the column, throughouta. required number of oscillations; thenozzle-osc-illating to spray. from bottom to top and return,-

ing the spray to the bottom of'the column each time until the total, amount of wash Said water required has been discharged.

wash water will rush through the sugar body through the operation of centrifugal force, so that the entire washmg operation s completed in about forty seconds more or less,

and this period is determined by the number of oscillations, and in each of these the.

nozzle sweeps the spray from bottom to, top and from, topto. bottom of the column.

; Under the conditions above stated the amount of water delivered through the nozzle during six full cycles oroscillations will be about two gallons, and this amount of wash water may prove sufficient for washing a light chargeo'f sugar, having nearly vertical inside walls. The amount of water will have to be increased in: proportionto the quantity of the. charge and. this increase is efiected by increasing the number of oscilwillbe narrower than at the upper thinner portionand that the successive widths of the lations.- This important, howeven'thatthe speed with, which the nozzle moves opposite to any portion of the wall shall bear a definite relation to the thickness of the wall, and in orderto meet this requirement the cam surface is made up of numerous traces differing from each other conformable to thedifi'erent 'obliquities of the up and down traces of. the cavity face. 4 The lottin 1n E1 7 1s desi 'ned to com- :3 b D prise 1n one cam all otthe cam-operating traces necessary for adjustment to wash a column having a vertical inside wall and to wash all of the forms of columns that are likelyto occur. Theseseparate traces are determined by simplyv calculatingthe two extremes and conforming the enclsfof the cam to said two extremes ofpr'act-ical 'angularity, of the inside walls of the sugar columns, andthe'n producingfthe cam surface between. saictextremes by reducing said surface to straight longitudinal. trace 37 the ends of which conform toIcorrelative x points of the extreme cam trac es, 38, 39. Said longitudinal traces are oblique toth'e axis of the 0am throughout a greater portion of the perimeter of the cam, but at the portion of the cam that is active .at the top turn of the oscillation, said traces are paral lel to such axis.

' Thespeed of oscillationis determinedyby :the angle of the tappet operating traces which extend" around the cam. Thus by reference to Fig. 7 it may be assumed that 38 represents a cam operating,.trace for the extremely flaring sugar column-andSE) may be cons dered the cam operating trace for a ractically cylindrical sugar column. The

cam may be assumed to travel. clockwise as indicated by the curved arrow, and in such: case the tappet being underneath as indicated in F 8, the upstroke of the nozzle would be accomplished by the right ha'lf iO of the cain between the stopping and-startingpoi'nt 41 and theu'pper turnlng point 42.. The peripheral. or ta'pp'etoperating traces at 4:2v exte'ndlf'or a distance in a plane normal to the bisecting diameter indicated by line 00 and a flat plane is formed at theapex 42 of the cam. QThepurr pose of this plane 42 is to allowaperiod of restfor the nozzle at the top turn of the oscillation so. as tothere prolong the period of discharge'soas to deliver atthe top of the column a quantity of water sufficient to pass throughand sufliciently cleanse the top portion-of such column. This prolonged period of washing isfnecessitated because the, centrifugal force acting upon the masseculte compacts the 7 column more forcibly vatthe top than at any other part thereof. A further conditionthat necessitates a longer washing period. at the top and alsof'at the bottom relative to a certain thickness of column, is that the syrups adhereto the inside

impermeable surfaces

10 and 11 at the top and bottom of the. basket, and for this reason andfor the further reason that the column may bemuch thicker at the bottom, the heel of the cam is formed withv the depression at 41 as clearly seen in Figs. 7 8, and 9. The longitudinal traces of the cam at 41, however are oblique to the axis 1) for the reasonthat the variations in thickness of the sugar column 8 have to be accountedfor by the cam.

I lVasher adjustment. The amount of wash water to be delivered to the column will be estimated by inspection asth'e operator breaks down a washed column of sugar. He will then note whether .or not any syrups or brown sugar traces The preshave been left in the column. ence of syrup indicates the necessity of a greater number of "oscillations so that a larger quantity of water will be delivered to the sugarcolumn. In order to make such delivery 'practical there is .provided'atimer which will limit the periods of oscillation according. to the requirements, and which can beset by the'operator to stop. operation of the nozzle and the supply of water thereto at the end of any predetermined requisite number of oscillations. :This mechanism is illustrated in Figs. 6, 10, 10 11, 113 1 2,

and 4 i i Referring to Fig. 6 it will be understood that the cam has run anti-clockwise as the cam is viewed from the end opposite that completed.

shown in Figs. 5 and 7, and has V twelve'jfu ll up anddown oscillations. At each revolution of the cam anti-clockwise in Fig. 6 (the same being clockwise in F 5) a complete oscillation of the nozzl'ef16 from bottom to top and fromtop to bottom has been effected. g

The wormgear shaft 28, isprovided with a single tooth 43 See Figs. 3, 6, 11 and 12. Said toothcnga'ges ratchet teeth of ratchet wheel 45 and moves said wheel one tooth forward-at each revolution of the cam. Said wheel 45 is mounted on an oscillating post 46 that is the free'terminal of an oscillating arm 47 which is pivoted at 83 to. the

housing 30 near the top thereof, and is pressedby spring 48 towards the path of revolving tooth 43. Se'eFig 11. Thewheel 45 is provided with a dial 49 fixed thereto; and both the dial 49 and the wheel 45 are provided with a number of pin holes '50, desig nated successively by dial ordinals 5.1 from 1 to 20 or such other number as maybe required to include the fullfnumber of teeth 44 that may be acted on hy'to'oth 43 from initial position to dripping position. i

Said ratchet fwheel withits dial is operabl-y connectedto a coil spring '52, which y baa m on. fcl spri g. t hete lde i of which-is to retumth-e sh-e151 anduia'l to 10; 11 and 11 ,Figs. '3, 6 and 12; The retracting arm 57 on shaft 56 are operable by the are alternate in their operation;

The tooth 43 operated by worm gear cam shaft 28 acts to advance the ratchet wheel and to wind up the clock spring 52 step by step as the cam shaft revolves; the .dog 44 engaging teeth 44 as the operation proceeds, to prevent'return of the ratchet wheel, which istherefore advanced onenotch at each'co'm plete nozzle oscillation. The power to operate thecamshaft, and water supply. under pressure for washing the centrifugals, are both controlled by the controlling shaft 56.

To this end said shaft 56 is provided with an arm 57 operated by asp-ring 58, to turn and normally 'hold it in rest posit-ion where both the power and the wash water are out The controlling shaft 56 is provided with a cam 59 mounted thereon by means ofa sleeve 60 that is shown as being fixed to the shaft by the retracting arm 57. The retard,- ing spring 58 operating througharm 57, the shaft 56 and the cam 59. is adapted'to-oscillate theo'scillating arm 47. and ratchet wheel a 45 from operating position shown in Figs.

to the stop or rest position in and sleeve 60 spring 58 to rotate the shaft sufliciently to cause the cam. 59 to oscillate the arm 47 and ratchet wheel 45 to the stopping posi- .tion shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 12. r

Said sleeve 60 'isalso provided with a cam 61 adapted to engage an insulating block 62 and 'therebym'ove the contacting spring 63 to close' th'efelectrical operating circuit through the contact 64; the contacts being connected by .

wires

65, 66 withthe source of electrical energy asthebattery 67 for operating the motor 34. The cams theca'm 59 acting on the arm 47 only whenthe cam 61' i's not acting upon the contacts, see Fig. 11, and

vice versa. The sleeve 60 is also provided with ya latch finger 68 thatis adapted to engage a latch 69 for the purpose of holding shaft- 56 from oscillating responsive "to spring'58 until the latch 69 is raised, Said latch is shownpivoted on a horizontal pivot at 70, and that a tooth at 71 on said latch is in post tion to intercepta catch at 72 on the "finge 68, thus to hold the shaft. from turning. The tooth and catch are reinforced by hard cylindrical steel pins at 71 and 72 that are flat on one side landjseated in the latch and finger respectively which may therefore be a f east i jQI Sa d. lat h, i were?! to be lifted "and 'unl'atchefl by a set pin 73 59 and. 61,

when free, lowers by grav'it'y so oscillates the carried by the ratchet wheel and adjustably positioned thereon by being inserted through the holes 50. WVhen the latch is lifted it releases the controlling shaft 56 and to turn part way around, responsive to the spring 58, and to return to the rest position shown in Figs. 6 and 12, with the circuit broken and the water supply out OK from the nozzle.

The pin 73 is rigid to the dial plate 49 and ratchet wheel 45 'when it is passed through any one of the holes 50, and is made adjustable to any'of said holes,'by means of a poise 74 that is freely pivoted on the oscillating postx46 at the center of the ratchet wheel, and in which poise said pin is reciprocable. 4 I

The clock spring 52 is fixed at one. end to the oscillating post 46, and at the other end to the ratchet wheel, and. when the cam 59 arm 47 and tilts the ratchet wheel in a manner evident from Figs. 11

and 3, the ratchet teeth escape the tooth 43 and pawl 44 thus allowing the clock spring to revolve the ratchet wheelback to. initial position where lug 54 engages stud 53. The

spring 58 still holds the wheel tilted. Then the operator may,'by means of handle 55, turn the controlling shaft into the latched position, thus withdrawing cam 59 from arm 47, and leaving the ratchet Wheel free "to be returned by spring 48, to position for engagement of the tooth 43 as in Figs. 10, 11 and 11. This causes cam 61 tooperate, which again closes the circuit and starts the worm gear, thus revolving the cam and tooth on the worm gear shaft.

In Figs. 10, 11 and 11 the pin 73' is readyto lift the latch and release shaft 56 when tooth 43 moves the ratchet wheel 45 the space of one more tooth. latch is lifted and the shaft'is released, the spring 58 turns the shaft and causes cam 59 tcoscillate arm 47 and post 46, overcoming spring 48 andthus'tilting wheel 45 from the pawl 44" and tooth 43, and allowing the clock spring to turn wheel 45 and pin 73 to the'rest position of Fig. 10. I

It is evident that the number of revolutions of the tooth 43 from rest p'ositionto shaft, unlatching position is determined by the relative angular positions ofthe stop 53 and the set pin 7 3, and that such position may be changed by shifting said pin from one to another' of the holes 50. Since the cam 27 is fixed to and turns with the same shaft 28 that carries tooth 43, it is clear that there is one oscillation of the nozzle for each ratchet tooth operated on by the tooth 43.

The number of oscillations of the nozzle, therefore at each period of ratchet operation is determined by the position at which the pin 73 is set. In Fig. 11 the poise is set with pin 73 in the hole marked by the ordi allows it.

The instant the '46 by cotter pin 84 and counterweight 85 to make the operation of v nal 5 indicating that one washing operation will include five complete oscillations of the nozzle. In -F'1g. 12 the poise is set for twelve oscillations. This is effected by setting the unlatching pin 73 in the twelfth one 7 end the set pin 7 3 of the holes 50. To this is fixed by pin 75 to a head 76 and extends through a hollow standard77 inwhich there is a helical spring 78 that is pressed into the chamber in said standard between the head I 7 9 thereof and a collar 80 fixed to and integral with set pin 73. There is sufficient clearance for the coils of spring 78 between collar 80 and the head 79 to allow set pin 73 to be withdrawn from the ratchet wheel 45 so that the pin may be shifted to different positions and inserted through different ones of the holes 50, so that the travel of thevpin may be increased or to the washing required.

The ratchet wheel 45 is provided with an elongated notch 81 adapted to accommodate the revolutions of the pin 43 in case of accidental over-travel of the ratchet.

When the motor is operated, the tooth 43 rotates. the ratchet wheel one tooth atevery revolution of the shaft 28 and the dog 44 in constant engagement with the toothed rim of Wheel 45 serves to prevent back movement of such wheel. The pivotal center 83 of the oscillating post 46 and arm 47 is at a considerable distance from the ratchet wheel, so that when the cam 59 acts upon the arm 47 the post will be considerably deflected thus towithdraw the toothed rim of wheel 45 from the path of the dog 44 and the ratchet teeth 44 as hereinbefore stated. I

In order to accommodate this tilting movement of the ratchet wheel, the face 82 of thetrip lever is shown oblique to the body of said'lever.

When the tooth 43 operates wheel, it eventually into position to lift the latch 69, whereupon the restoring spring 58 operates to cause the cam 59 to oscillate the arm 47, thus extending the spring 48, which at a succeeding oscillation of the handle 55-by the operator, will contract and return the arm 47 and withdraw the cam 59 to the position shown in Fig. 11.

The poise is detachably fastened to post is provided with a the ratchet the parts smooth.

Referring to Fig. 1 the charging spout 86 leading from-the mixing trough, not shown. is controlled by 'a gate 87 through the lever 88 that is provided at one end with a counter-balance 89 and at the other end with a handle 90 and is fulcrumed at 91 to a bracket 92' projecting from the spout 86. Said lever 88 is connected to the gate 87 in the usual way as at 93.

decreased. accordingly brings the set pin 73 The tappet for communicating motion from the nozzle oscillating cam 27 to the nozzle oscillating arm 22, is preferably made up of the rod 24 having anti-friction balls 94 seated in flat bearingend sockets '95 and.

held in place by splnning over the. time at the .ends

of the rod to form the annular overhangs as indicated at 96 to retain the balls 94 in said sockets. The cam surface is kept well lubricated and said lubrication finds its way into the cavity of the socket 95. The flat bearing face of each cavityis tangent to the surface of the ball so that there is sufficient antifriction effect to cause the ball to rotate in the tappet and to roll on the cam surface, thus to avoid wearing the cam surface.

In practical operation, the parts being in position shown in Fig. 1, the attendant will open the gate87 and allow'the charge of massecuite to flow into the basket 1.- VVjh'en the basket has thus been charged and spun to throw out the bulk of the syrup, the attendance will move the controlling handle from the rest position indicated in F igs. 2 and 12 to the operating position indicated in Figs. 10, 1 1 and 11 th'erebyopening valve 97 and closing the electric circuit and setting the motor in operation which simultaneously revolves the cam 27 and the tooth 4:3. At each revolution of the tooth 43 the ratchet wheel is advanced one step and as the tooth 43 escapes the notch of the ratchet wheel, the dog 44' holds the ratchet wheel from being retracted by the clock spring 52. The continued operation of the ratchet wheel by the tooth 43 eventually moves the unlatching set pin 58 to the latch 69, and causes said pin to lift the latch. InFig. 12 this will occur after' twelve complete oscillations. In Fig. 11 the operation will occur after five oscillations as indicated by' the ordinal '5 on the dial, at which the pin is seated.

' At each revolution of the cam shaft the oscillating arm 22 is given one complete oscillation from bottom to, top and return to bottom; and the speed at which the nozzle oscillates past any horizontal trace'of the inside wall of the sugarcolumn will bear a.

relation to' the radius of the active point of cam 27 that is operating uponthe tappet'at that particular instant; said speed will vary depending upon the radiusof the cam at the various active points; being comparatively low as the radius of the cam at the active point is long, and high as such radius is short. i

When the unlatching pin-lifts the latch;- the finger 68. escapes from the tooth 7l'and allows the ratchet wheel and dialto respond to the retracting spring 58 which returns the parts to the rest position. The oscillation of the shaft 56 caused by the spring 58 and cam 59 withdraws therfinge'rfil so as to release the contact spring 63. It also applies the cam 59 to oscillate the swinging arm 47 and the ratchet wheel into tilted position, shown in Fig. 3, thus extending the spring 48 which yieldingly holds the oscillating arm 47 normally in the operative position shown in Figs. 10 and 11.

The shaft 100 of the worm 33 is journaled in the bearing 101 and is provided outside said bearing with a friction disk 102 keyed or otherwise made rigid upon the shaft to rotate therewith. Said friction disk 102 is preferably made of wrought iron, and a brake shoe made'of any suitable material, as a' fiber, or poplar or elm wood block 103 mounted in a hollow head 104, is carried by two

guides

105, 106, that are fixed to the case 30. Said head 104 is adjustable on said guides towards and from said friction disk by suitable. means as springs107 to create friction upon a brake-releasing cam 108 which is fixed on the controlling shaft 56 and acts upon an anti-friction roller 109 that is journaled to a yoke 110 that moves with said head. \Vhen the controlling shaft is in run: ning position, the cam-108 acts upon the roller 109to withdraw the block 103 from the friction disk 102 so as to leavethe worm shaft free to turn, until the cont-rolling lever is released by lifting of the latch described.

When saidlatch is lifted andth'e spring 58 returns the controlling shaft to rest position, the .cam 108 releases the yoke and the cam and the springs apply the brake shoe 103 to the head 102 and thus stops the Worm shaft, its motor and'the cam on the instant.

It is understood that although by this discovery and invention I have made it possible of inaccuracy, and I. desire to secure the exclusive right tothe invention and discovery herein set forth and claimed, in whatever form the same may be constructed or performed. I i

I claim. 1 1. The method of washing centrifugals which consists in applying the washing fluid to the column of centrifugals in conformance to theparabola formed by superficial traces o-f'the axial section of such column. 2. The method setforth of washing centrifugals which consists in delivering'successively to predetermined zones of the-column of centrifugals, predetermined spray of washing water in.:times adapted to deliver to each zone a quantityof water directly and accurately proportional to the mass of-su-gar in such zone.

as above degrees The method set forth of washing centrifugals which consists in successivelyjdelivering to predetermined zones of the column of centrifugals a spray of washing waspray applied successively to the various levels in accordance with the thickness of the sugar wall at such level. a

Q6. The method set forth of washing centrifugalswhich comprises the application of water to various levels of the walls of the cavity of the centrifugals in accordance sub-' stantially with the thicknesses of the sugar Wall at such levels respectively as predeters mined by the'parabolic trace where the water; is supplied. i j

7. In the art'ofawashing sugar centrifugals, the method set forth which consists in successively delivering to the various zones of the column of centrifugals quantities of water substantially conformable to the axial section of said column[ 8. The method of washing centrifugals which consists in applying water through a nozzle to the inside of the cavity of the centrifugals and operating a nozzle along the trace of the axial section of the cavity; said application being varied in time to conform to the shape of the cavity. 1

9. The method of washing centrifugals which consists in applying the washing water to the massecuite in the revolving centrifugal basket in proportion to the flare of the cavity in said centrifugals.

10. The method set forth of washing centrifugals by the horizontal flow of water therethrough under centrifugal impulse, which method consists in successively applying a requisite quantity of wash water to each portion of the wall at the successive levels according to the thicknesses ofthe massat such levels respectively;

11. In the art of washing sugar centrifugals, the method set forth'of sweeping a vertically thin elongated spray of wash water substantially from top to bottom andfrom bottom to top of said centrifugal the speed with which said spray sweeps along being definitely fixed for each point.

12. In the art of washing sugar centrifue gals," the method setforth of sweeping a vertically thin spray of wash water formed by y a multiplicity of smaller jets substantially mass of sugar at such levels.

' of the centrifugal which receives it.

from top to bottom and bottom to top of said centrifugal, the speed withwhich said spray sweeps along being definitely fixed for each point. v

13. In the art of washing sugar centrif ugals', the method set forth of oscillating a nozzle so as to sweepa vertically thin elongated" spray of wash water substantially from top to bottom and bottom to top of said centrifugal, the speedwith which said spray I sweeps along being definitely fixed for each point.

y 1.4. In the art of washing sugarcentrifugals, the method set forth of sweeping a vertically thin elongated spray of wash water with variable speed definitely predetermined for each point so as to deliver to each zone of sugar a quantity of wash water sugar in that zone j 15. The combination with a centrifugal basket and means to revolvegthe basket; of

a differential speed varying at different levels in proportion to the thickness of the y 16. The combination with a centrifugal basket and means to revolve said basket, of

a nozzle and a cam; said cam being consubstantially conformable to the amount'of I basket; and means to oscillate the nozzle at formed to the parabolic trace of the cavity within the wall where the water is supplied.

17. In a machine for washing centrifugals, an oscillating nozzle vadapted topro ject a vertically thin, elongated spray across the cavity of the centrifugal against the revolving wall of the centrifugal which receives it. i r

18. In a 11130111118 for washing centrifugals, an accurate cam and an oscillating nozzle oscillated by said cam and adapted to project a vertically. thin elongated spray across the cavity of the centrifugal against the revolving wall of the centrifugal which receives it. I

19. In a machine for washing centrifugals, accurately operating actuating mechanism and an oscillating nozzle actuated by i said mechanism and adaptedto projectna vertically thin spray comprising a multiplicity of individual jets across-thecavity; of the centrifugal against the revolvingwall 20. In a machine for washing sugar cen-,

. basket and means to revolve said basket, of

a cam, an oscillating lever pivotally mountedion an axis and operable by the cam, and a nozzle oscillated by the lever with differential speed, said lever being in operative" to be washed, of a cam, a shaft to revolve the cam. said cam being adapted to slide on the shaft and revolve therewith, said cam being of different diameters and adapted to be shifted longitudinally of said shaft into operative relation according to the different portions of the perimeter of the cam which may be requisite tothe delivery of water in proportion to the trace of the axial section of the cavity in the column of sugar to be washed.

23. In a machine for washing ugar centrifugals, a nozzle actuated to sweep a spray of wash water substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of the sugar wall in said centrifugal, and nozzle actuating means adapted to actuate the nozzle differentially so that more water is delivered in the lower regions and less in the upper regions.

24:. In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals, a nozzle oscillated to sweep a spray of wash water substantially from top to bottom and from bottomto top of the sugar wall in said centrifugal, and nozzle oscillating means adapted to oscillate the nozzle diflerent'ially so that more water is delivered in the lower regions and less in the upper regions.

25. In a machine for washing flared sugar in centrifugals, a nozzle adapted to sweep a spray of wash water up and down along the sugar wall in said centrifugal, a'nozzle actuating cam adapted to actuate said nozzle differentially, said cam having various traces corresponding with the various degrees of sugar flare.

l In a machine for washing flared sugar in centrifugals, an oscillating nozzle adapted to sweep a spray of wash water up and down along the sugarwvall in said centrifugal, a nozzle oscillating cam adapted to oscillate said nozzle differentially said cam having various traces corresponding with the various degrees of sugar flare, and means .for bringing the various traces of said cam into operative position so that the nozzle may be oscillated in accordance with the particular trace selected.

27. In a machine for washing flared sugar in centrifugals, a nozzle adapted to sweep a spray of wash water up and down along :the sugar wall in said centrifugal, a nozzle actuating cam adapted to actuate said nozzle differentially, said cam having various traces corresponding with the various degrees of sugar flare, and means for bringing the various traces of said 0am into operative position so that the nozzle may be trace selected.

actuated in accordance with the particular 28. In a machine for washing centrifugals, a nozzle arranged'to direct its spray across the cavity of the hollow wall of the sugar column; means to supply a spray through the nozzle; and means to oscillate the nozzle up and down with a speed that is slower at lower levels than at the higher levels.

29. In a machine for washing centrifugals, the combination with a basket and means for revolving said basket, of a nozzle adapted to deliver a vertically thin spray to theinside wall of sugar-column in the hasket; and means to oscillate the nozzle with a movement that is comparatively slow at the lower level while the spray is being directed from the nozzle to the bottom of the sugar wall; and that is gradually increased as the spray approaches the top of the sugar wall. r

30. The combination with a centrifugal basket and means to revolve the same, of a earn; a shaft to revolve the same, said cam being adapted to slide on the shaft and to revolve therewith; a tappet, and a nozzle 'oscillatable by the tappet to deliver wash water to a sugar column in the basket; said cam being of different diameters adapted to be shifted longitudinally of said shaft to 7 bring the cam into operative relation to the tappet according to the different portions of the perimeter of the cam which may be requisite to the delivery of wash water in proportion to the parabola of the trace of the axial section of the cavity in the column of sugar to be washed, and a nozzle oscillatable by the cam.

31. In an apparatus for washing sugar centrifugals comprising a centrifugal basket and means for revolving the basket; an oscillating nozzle and means for oscillating the nozzle up and clown with relation to the basket; said means comprising a cam' the operative face of which hasun-its of circular measurement that are correlative to successive oblong areas which are respectively equal to successive level layers of the sugar column.

32. Apparatus for washing sugar centrifugals, comprising a centrifugal basket; means for revolving the basket; a nozzle;

means to supply liquid under pressure to said nozzle; and means to oscillate thenoz zle to deliver spray through the nozzle to the inside wall of the hollow sugar column to be washed, for periods of greater length at the lower levels than at the higher levels.

38. Means for washing centrifugals comprising a centrifugal basket; means for re volving the samepa nozzle; and means adapted to oscillate the nozzle up and down with a movement that is comparatively slow at the lower levels and is increased in speedat the higher levels. I i

34. Means for washing centrifugals comprising a centrifugal basket; means for revolving the same; a nozzle adapted to project a vertically thin spray of wash water; means adapted to oscillate the nozzle up and down with a movement that is comparatively slow at the lower levels and is increased in speed at the higher levels; means to supply water to the nozzle and means for automatically cutting off the water supply when a predetermined cycle of substantially complete oscillations has been accomplished. 35. In a machine for washing Sugar centrifugals, a nozzle actuated to sweep a vertically thin spray of wash water comprising a multiplicity of jets, substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of the sugar in said centrifugal, nozzle-actuating means, and automatic means for governing the wash water so that it flows substantially for a predetermined number of complete strokes of "the nozzles 1 36. In a machine for washing centrifugals. a nozzle oscillated to sweep a spray of wash water substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of the sugarwall in said centrifugal, nozzle oscillating means, and automatic means for governing the wash water so that it starts to flow when the nozzle is near an extreme point in its stroke and stops flowing when the nozzle is near an extreme point in its stroke.

37. In a machine for washing centrifugals, a nozzle actuated to sweep a spray of wash water substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of the sugar insaid centrifugal, means for actuating said nozzle difi'erentially in accordance with the different thicknesses of the sugar wall at the different levels in the centrifugal, and means for governing the wash water so that it flows substantially for a predetermined number of complete strokes of the-nozzle.

38. In a machine for washing centrifugals, a nozzle oscillated to sweep a spray of wash water substantially from top to bottom and frombottom'to top of the sugar in said centrifugal, means for oscillating said nozzle differentially in accordance with the different thicknesses of the sugar wall at the different levels in the centrifugal, and automatic means for governing the wash water so that it starts to flow when the nozzle is .near an extreme point in its stroke and stops traces bounded by 'straight longitudinal traces, the ends of which conform to the correlative points oftheextreme cam traces.

41. In apparatus for washing centrifugals',

a nozzle adapted to direct wash water onto,

the face of the cavity of the hollowcolumn of centrifugals; a tappet connected to oscillate the nozzle; acam to operate the tappet and'made up by separate extreme cam traces at the ends of-the cam for the extremes of rapidv and slow movement of the tappet and producing the intermediate peripheral cam traces bounded by straight longitudinal traces the ends of which conform to the correlative points of the extreme cam traces; the longitudinal traces of the cam being oblique to the axis ofthe cam throughout a greater portion of the perimeter of the cam, andbeing parallel to such axis at that portion of the cam that is active at the top turn of the oscillation.

42. In apparatus for washing centrifugals,

a nozzle adapted to direct wash water'onto the face of. the cavity of the hollow column of centrifugals; a tappet connected to oscillate the nozzle; a cam to ,operate the tappet and made up by separate peripheral traces made up of extreme cam traces at the ends of the cam for the extremes of rapid and slow movement of the .tappet and intermediate cam faces by straight longitudinal traces the ends of which conform to correlative points of the extreme cam traces; and ine'ans'to adjust the cam relative to the tappet; the heel of the cam being formed with a depression so as to deliver wash water for a larger. period at the top and bottom of the centrifugal basket. i

43. The combination with a nozzle "for washing 'ce ntrifugals, of "means for oscillating said nozzle differentially comprising a-cam and a tappet; said cam having a'fiat plane at its apex and a depression at its heel to give longer washing periods at top and bottom of the massecuite column than at intermediate portions of said column.

44. Ina machine for washing sugarcentrifugals, a nozzle adapted to sweep a ver-' tit-ally thin spray of wash'water comprising a multiplicity of individual jets. substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of the sugar in said centrifugal,

35 in some of the portions of its face to'sweep the 60 v against a vertically narrow area of the sugar and means for actuating the nozzle so that the spray has a period of substantial dwell in the vicinity of anextreme point of its stroke. a a

45. In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals, a nozzle adapted to sweep a vertically thin spray of wash water comprising a multiplicity of individual jets SLlb.

stantially from top to bottom and from bot: tom to top of thesugar in'said centrifugal,

' and means for actuating thenozzle including a cam adapted to impress upon the spray a period of substantial dwell in the vicinity of an extreme point of itsstroke.

46. :In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals, a nozzle adapted to sweep a vertically thin elongated spray of Wash Water substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of the sugar in said centrifugals, and means for actuating the nozzle including a cam having a relatively inthe nozzle including a cam having'a relatively inactive portion on its face adapted to impress upon the spray a period of substantial dwell in the'vicinity of an extreme point of its stroke, said cam being graduated at spray along differentially in accordance with the varying thickness OfthQ sugar wall at the successive levels.

48. In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals,.an oscillating nozzle adapted to sweep a vertically thin sprayof wash water comprising a multiplicity of individual j ets, substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of said sugar in said centrifugal, and means for oscillating the nozzleineluding a cam having a relatively inactive portion on its face adapted to nnpress'upon v the spray a period of substantial dwell in the vicinity of an extreme point of its stroke.

49. In an apparatus for washing sugar 1n a centrifugal basket,-a spray nozzle adapted to direct a vertically narrow liquid spray against a vertically narrow area of the sugar collectedon the inside wall ofthe centrifugal basket; andlmeans to oscillate the nozzle up and down with differential speed;

50. In an apparatus for washing su 'ar in a centrifugal basket, a spray nozzle adapted to direct a vertically narrow liquid spray eollected on the'inside wall of the centrifugal basket; and means to oscillate the nozzle up and down to deliver the spray onto said Wall with a movement that is timed practically in accordance with the thickness of the wall, the slower movement being at the thicker portion of the wall and the more rapidmovement at the thinner portions substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

I 51.- In an apparatus for washing sugar in a centrifugal basket, a spray nozzle adapted to direct a liquid spray against the sugar collected in said basket, means for actuating said nozzle with differential speed so as to sweep saidspray substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of the sugar in said basket, delivering at each level an amount of water substantially proportional to the thickness of the sugar at that level, a stationary valve, means including a flexible tube for connecting said stationary valve with said actuated nozzle, and means for autonia-tically closing said stationary valve when the predetermined amount of wash water has been discharged through said nozzle.

52. In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals, a nozzle oscillated to sweep a vertically thin spray of wash water substantially from top to bottom and from bottom to top of the sugar in said centrifugal, and means for oscillating said nozzle so that the spray has a period of substantial dwell in the vicinity of an extreme point of its stroke.

53,. In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals, a nozzleactuated to direct a spray of-wash water against the sugar in said centrifugal, nozzle actuating means adapted to actuate said nozzle so as to sweep said spray of Wash water successively past the various levels of sugar between one end and another end of the centrifugal, said nozzle being actuated with a differential speed adapted to deliver more water at the lower levels of sugar and less water at the upper levels 0 sugar.

, 54. In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals, a nozzle oscillated to direct a spray of wash water against the sugar in said centrifugal, nozzle-oscillating means adapted to oscillate said nozzle so as to sweep said spray of wash water successively past'the various levels of sugar between one end and another end of the centrifugal, said nozzle being oscillated with a differential speed adaptedto deliver more water at the lower levels of sugar and less water at th upper levels of sugar. 7

5.5. In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals, a nozzle actuated to direct a vertically thin spray of wash water comprising a multiplicity of jets against the sugar in said centrifugal, nozzle-actuating means adapted to actuatesaid nozzle so as to sweep said spray of wash water successively past the various levels of sugarbetween one end and another end of the centrifugal, and means-for automatically governing the flow of wash water so that the point in its stroke where it stops flowing is substantially the same as the point in its stroke where it commences to flow.

56. In a machine for washing sugar centrifugals, a nozzle oscillated to direct a spray of wash water against thesugar in said centrifugal, nozzle oscillating means adapted to oscillate said nozzle so as to sweep said spray of wash water successively past the various levels of sugar between one'end and another end of the centrifugal, and means for auto- Inatically governing the flow of wash Water so that the point in its stroke where it stops flowing is substantially thesame as the point in its stroke Where it commenced to flow.

57. In a IIlELChlIlEfOl Washing sugareentrifugals, a nozzle "osclllated to direct a spray of wash water against the sugar in said cen trifugal, a cam for oscillating said nozzle so asto sweep said spray of wash water successively past the Various levels of sugar between one end and another end of the centritugal the point on said cam constituting the point of operative connection between said cam and nozzle being always below the