US1314779A

US1314779A - Refrigerating-machine

Info

Publication number: US1314779A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 1936-09-02

Description

H. E. WILLSIE. REFR'GERATING MACHINE. APPLICATION nun SEPT. z. 1914.

Patented Sept. 2, 1919.

WITNESSES:

HENRY ELMER WILLSIE, 0F CRANFORD, NEW JERSEY.

REFBIGEBATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 2, 1919.

Application filed September 2, 1914. Serial No. 859,727.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY ELMER WILL- sln, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cranford, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Refrigerating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The general object of'my invention is to produce a refrigerating apparatus of the intermittent absorption type suitable for use in residences. The more specific objects of my invention are: to avoid the use of valves in the ammonia system; to provide means to automatically air insulate the evaporator during the heating period and to continue the refrigeration in the refrigerator box; to automatically water cool the contents of the still-absorber during the gas absorbing period; to provide an ice cream freezing device within the refrigerator; to utilize the heated condenser water in the house service and thereby save fuel expense; and to automatically turn on and ofl the fuel as by means of the 'arying weight of the still-absorber.

I attain these objects by the mechanism shown in the accompanying drawing, in which, Figure l is a diagrammatic elevation of the apparatus; Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section through the evaporator; Fig. 3, a section of the same on the line m-a: Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a vertical section of the ice cream freezing attachment; Fig. 5, a cross section of y-g Fig. 4; and Fig. 6 a vertical section of the expansion drain valve.

Similar characters refer to similar parts.

The construction and operation of my machine is as follows: A still-absorber tank, 10, is filled with aqua-ammonia to about the level of the dotted line as, and heated by the combustion of fuel gas at the burner 11, thus driving ammonia gas through the

pipes

12, 13, the trap 14, the rectifying coil 15, the pipe 16, the evaporator 17, the pipe 18, into the condenser 19, where the gas is liquefied. The direction of this flow of gas is indicated by double headed arrows. When the gas is turned off, allowing the still-absorber to cool and its pressure to decrease the liquid ammonia in the condensin coil 19 is forced up the pipe 18 into the evaporator 17, where its evaporation produces refrigeration.

the same on the line Moisture condensed in the rectifying coil 15 has collected in thetrap 14. he pressure of the returning gas forms a column of liquid in the pipe 13 which directs the flow of gas through pipes 21, 22 into the stillabsorber 10. The cooling coil, 23, is below the still-absorber and connected to it and to the pipes 21, 22. Because of the low level of the cooling coil 23 there is no circulation of liquid through it during the heating period and therefore no important loss of heat because of it, but the returning gas mixing with and being absorbed by the liquid in the coil 23 and the pipe 22 sets up a circulation of liquid, in the direction indicated by the single barbed arrow,

through the coil 23, thereby cooling the liquid in the still-absorber.

The water tank 20 is connected by the

pipes

24, 25 to the elevated water reservoir 26. Heat from the coils 15, 19, 23 warms the Water in

tanks

20, 26 and sets up a circulation of water in the direction indicated by the single headed arrows. The reservoir 26 is connected to an auxiliary fuel heated coil 27. Cold water is supplied through the pipe 28 and warm water for use in the house is drawn oil through the pipe 29. In case the water about the condensing coil 19 becomes too warm the expansion valve 30 opens at a predetermined temperature allowing water to flow from the pipe 28, around the coil 19, and out of the ipe 31.

To turn the fuel gas on and o the stillahsorber is pivotally supported at one end on the column 32 V the arm 33 of the lever 34 which is otally supported on the column 35. lever is balanced by the weight 56 so that when the predetermined amount of ammonia has been evaporated, thereby lessening the weight of the still-absorber, the lever arm 33, moving upward, engages the gas cock 36, in the gas service pipe 11, to close it. Also when the ammonia has been reabsorbed, thereby increasing the Weight of the still absorber, the lever arm 33, moving downward, opens the gas cock 36 and the fuel gas is li hted .by the continuously burning pilot lig t 37. The gas cook 36 is provided with a weighted arm 38 which, as it is forced past its center of support by the lever arm 33, completes the movement of the gas cock. There is suflicient flexibility in the connecting pipes for a movepiv- The and at the other end on ment of the still absorber. The still-absorber is surrounded by a heat retaining casing 39 provided with a flue pipe 39".

The eva Jorator, 17, within the upper part of the re ri erator box 40, is surrounded, except for tie lower portion, by the air' tight casing 41. The lower edges of this casing extend below the level. of the evaporator and into the brine in the brine tank 42. The casing 41 is thus sealed air tight. During the heating period the air between the casing 41, and the evaporator 17 expands, lowering the brine from contact with the evaporator and thus keeping the brine from being heated to a harmful amount. During the absorbing period the air within the casing 41 contracts drawing up the brine into contact with the evaporator, thus cooling the upper surface of the brine and setting up a brine circulation whereby all the brine is cooled. The brine tank is preferably deep and contains sufficient brine for refrigeration during the beating period.

The evaporator 17 is provided with a. downwardly extending pipe or chamber 43 closed at its lower end, and located within the refrigerator box. A tube H has an opening near the bottom of the chamber 43 and connects into pi e 16 at a little below the level of the ful amount of ammonia used in the evaporator. When the evaporatorfills with a fresh barge of ammonia any excess, either of moisture or ammonia, drains up the tube 44 and down the pipe 16. The evaporator extension 43 may be utilized for freezing ice cream, etc. For this purpose it is surrounded by a can 45 containing the material to be chilled. The can is provided with

scrapers

46, 46, and also with

gears

47, 48 which may be turned by the crank 49. The crank shaft extends through the wall of the refrigerator box so that the can 45 may be rotated from outside the re frl ator.

plan to place the still-absorber and the cooling coils 15, 23, 19 and the tank 20 in the basement of a house, and the refrigerator and the reservoir on the floor above. However the reservoir 26 may be an open top tank and t as the double pipe type, in which the ammoma pipe usually surrounds the flowing water pipe, and then the water pipes take the function of the tank 20.

I refer to use water without any salt in the r1ne tank for cleanliness in a domestic refrigerator, unless a low temperature is desired. The ice formin on the evaporatordrops away from it uring the heating nod and carries the refrigeration.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a refrigerating machine, a still-absorber having a pivotal support adjacent laced in the attic. The coils 15, 23, 19 e tank 20 may take the form known one of its ends, a pivotally supported lever adapted to support the other end of said stillabsorber, a burner for heating said stillabsorber, a valve for controlling the supply of fuel to said burner, and operating means intermediate said lever and said valve.

2. The combination with a still-absorber and a condenser-evaporator connected in an operative cycle, of a coil below the still absorber with both ends connected tothe stillabsorber and adapted to be filled with liquid from the still-absorber, and a pipe for returning gas to the still-absorber connected to the coil.

3. The combination with a still-absorber and a condenser-evaporator connected in an operative cycle, of a tank for cooling water, a coil in said tank below the level of the still-absorber and connected at both ends to the still-absorber, and a return gas pipe connected to said coil.

4. The combination with still-absorber and a condenser-ovaporato-r connected in an operative cycle, of mood] below thelevel of the still-absorber and connected at both ends to the still-absorber, a return gas pipe connecting the condenser-evaporator to said coil. and means for cooling said coil.

5. In a refrigerating machine, a still-a'bsorber adapted to contain a liquid, a condenser-evaporator connected with said stilla'bsorber, a cooling member, means connecting said cooling member with said still-absorber and through which liquid from said still-absorber may circulate through sai cooling member, and a gas return pipe leading from said condenser-evaporator and communicating with said connecting means.

6. In combination, a still absorber, an evaporator, a condenser connected in an o erative cycle of a coil below the level of t e still absorber and connected to said stillabsorber, a return gas pipe to direct gas into said coil to provide means for circulatin the still absorber liquid through said e01 during the absorbing period.

7. In combination, a still absonbe-r, an evaporator and a condenser connected'in an operative cycle of a coil connected to the still-absorber to cool liquid from the stillabsorber dturing the absorbing period, a return pipe for gas, said pipe connectin the evaporator 'to the still-absorber to nest gas into said coil whereby the return gas sets up a circulation of liquid from the still-absorber throu h said coil.

8. 111' com ination, a still absorber, an evaporator and a, 'condenscrconneoted in an operative cycle of a coil connected to the stiltabsorber and located in part below the level at which heat is applied to the stilla'bsorber and means for returning gas to the said still-absorber through a portion of said coil.

9. The combination of a tank for cooling water, a condenser adapted to be cooled by the water in said tank, a supply pipe connecting into said tank, a discharge pipe leading out of said tank, and a thermostatic valve for regulating a flow of water through said discharge pipe.

10. In a refrigerating machine, a tank adapted to contain a liquid to be cooled, an evaporator adjacent the surface of the liquid in said tank, and an open bottom casing inclosing said evaporator and depending into the liquid in said tank.

11. In a refri rating machine, a tank adapted to contain a liquid to be cooled, an evaporator with 'which the liquid in said tank may contact, and means dependent for operation upon the temperature within said evaporator ordetermining the area of contact between said evaporator and said liquid.

12. The combination with a still-absorber, a condenser and evaporator, all connected in an operative cycle, of a brine tank inclosing the lower portion of the evaporator, and a casing partly inclosing the evaporator'and opening into the brine tank at a lower level than the bottom of the evapora;

tor.

13. The combination with a still absorber, a condenser and evaporator, all connected in an operative cycle, of a vertical cylindrical chamber closed at the bottom and connected to the bottom of the evaporator, a tube opening into the bottom of the chamher and into a pipe connecting the evaporator to the still-absorber for draining an excess of liquid toward the still-absorber.

Signed at 'Cranford in the county of Union and State of New Jersey this first day of September A. D. 1914.

Witnesses:

Fos'rnn OARKnm, G. M. HENDRICKS.