US1312401A - Apparatus for bonding rails and the like - Google Patents

Apparatus for bonding rails and the like Download PDF

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US1312401A
US1312401A US1312401DA US1312401A US 1312401 A US1312401 A US 1312401A US 1312401D A US1312401D A US 1312401DA US 1312401 A US1312401 A US 1312401A
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mold
recess
rail
recesses
metal
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K23/00—Alumino-thermic welding

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  • the subject of the present invention is In bonding the returncircuit and positive feeders consisting of the rails on electric roads, it is, in most cases, impossible to use a rigid connection between the rail ends and therefore flexible connectors in the form of the so-called bonds, consisting of cables of flexible wires, have been used for this purpose. Flexibility is an essential of such a connection under the ordinary circumstances in order to allow mold used in carrying out my improved for :the expansion and. contraction of the rails under temperature changes. In subwayconstruction, however, where tempera ture changes are relatively small, and on third rail feeders which aremounted on insulators and are usually free to slide in said insulators, I have conceived the idea of forming a solid connection between the abutting rail ends.
  • the present invention is intended for this purpose and has been designed to provide ahomogeneous juncture between the railends, which may be accomplished as above stated or by homogeneously joining a conductor at each end to the contiguous ends ofthe rail.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view, partially in section showing two abutting rail ends against which are placed two of the molds of the character shown in Fig. 4:;
  • Fig. 6 is a section on the line 66 in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a similar section on the line 77 in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 2 there are shown two adjacent rails 1 having their ends in abutment, and it will be understood that in case the ends of the rails are not in contact when it is desired to apply the connection, then a thin sheet 2 of asbestos or similar material softer than the adjacent rails may be slipped between the same to form a continuous surface against which a mold may be placed.
  • a mold 10 against the two abutting rail ends, such mold being provided with a main body portion having a recess 3 open at its top and connecting with a pouring sprue 4 at its top.
  • the form of the chamber or recess 3 can best be seen from Fig.
  • the pouring sprue is of substantially the same width as the recess, the recess being of course of the desired shape of the completed connection between the rail ends. At either end this recess opens into an adjacent chamber or recess 5 constituting an overflow reservoir for any excess of moltenmetal which ly between these two spaced overflow chambers. Each of the latter is provided with vents or air openings 6 at its top as indicated;
  • the molten metal is poured into the recess3, and at first runs out of this recess into the overflow chambers at either side. thus contacting and heating-the surfaces of the rail ends and bringing the same to high temperature so that as the metal accumulates inthe chamber 3 the. rail ends are at a temperature adapting them. to be fused with the molten-metal and to be homogeneously joined thereto.
  • the molten metal is, usedc to preliminarily heat the rails to the desired temperature"
  • the last step be ing the retaining of a desired body of the molten metal against such preliminarily heated portions of the rails, thus effecting a homogeneous union between the two.
  • the excess metal in the overflow chambers may be cut through at the point of connection to the metal in the main chamber, and can removed the homogeneity of the union of the metal closely adjacent to the main body can be seen, thus furnishing an indication of the thoroughness of the union between the main body of the metal and the rail ends.
  • the metal may be melted in any desired manner and in any suitable kind of apparatus, such for example as a coke, kerosene or electrical furnace, and it has been found that a joint formed in this mannor is stronger at the point of union between the copper and the iron of the rail than is thecopper itself, copper being of course the usual metal employed for this purpose.
  • the main or central chamber or recess in the mold is preferably formed in the side of a removable member 7 which is preferably slidably inserted in a suitable recess in the side of the main body of the mold, which is preferably iron or some similar heat-conducting material.
  • This removable member is preferably formed of a heat-insulating material, such for example as carbon, graphite or the like, and in this way the body of metal in the main chamber is mamtained at a relatively high temperature, while the metal in the overflow recesses is cooled, by reason of the radiation of the heat therefrom, and thus does not homogeneously join the metal of the rail, and can be more readily removed.
  • the cost of the mold can be reduced and its life increased, as should the main chamber become worn it can be readily removed and a new member inserted, thus providing a clearly cut chamber or mold proper at all times.
  • a mold 2O is provided with a lateral recess or slot 11' in which the end of the bond terminal or conductor may be inserted, the terminal portion of such conductor being received in the recess 12 about which there is a certain amount of space for the pouring of the molten metal.
  • This molten metal may be poured onto the terminal through a pouring sprue 13 in which isprovided a removable member 14 closing off 'the greater p art of the pouring sprue and formmg a practically closed chamber about the terminal of the conductor.
  • Located adjacent to the conductor receiving chamber in. the mold is an overthen be removed a from the rail, and when this metal 15 so,
  • My improved method of forming an electric rail splice, together with the apparatus for arrying out the same, are a'considerable improvement by reason of their convenience, and operate to afford an extremely close and intimate juncture between the connecting metal and the rail ends, although if necessary the bond or connection can be removed by cutting the same from the rail, whereas were the rail ends welded together there would be considerable difliculty met with in severing the ends ofthe adjacent rails in case of a wreck, when it might be necessary toremove one or more lengths of rail.
  • the preferred metal for forming the union is, of course, copper, as to use iron would be to make a very bulky joint whereas copper stripsof the cross sectional area indicated, approximate a conductivity equal to that of the rail.
  • Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a'mold having a lateral" recess therein, an entrance 'sprue in thetop of said mold leading to such recess, said mold having other lateral recesses disposed at either side of such first-named recess,
  • Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a mold having spaced lateral recesses therein, and a member remov ably mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess therein and egress sprues connecting the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constituting the latteroverfiow reservoirs.
  • Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a mold having spaced latcral'recesses therein, and a member removably mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess therein and egress sprues connecting the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constituting the latter overflow reservoirs, said mold having air vents leading from such spaced recesses.
  • Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a mold having spaced lateral recesses therein, and an infusible member removably mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess therein and egress sprues connect- Oopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the ing the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constituting the latter overflow reservoirs.
  • Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a mold of heat conducting material having spaced lateral recesses therein; and a member of relatively poor heat conducting material mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess therein and egress sprues connecting the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constituting the latter overflow reservoirs.
  • Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising an iron mold having spaced lateral recesses therein, and a carbon member mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess there in and egress sprues connecting the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constitut ing overflow reservoirs.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Description

W. E. HUBER.
APPARATUS FOR BONDING RAILS AND THE LIKE.
APPLICATION FILED DEC-7.1916.
1 ,3 1 2,401 Patented Au 1919.
2 SHEETS- I.
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA C.
W. E. HUBER. 'APPARATUS FOR BONDING RAILS AND THE LIKE.
APPLICATION FILED DEC. 7. 1916. 1,312,401. Patented Aug. 5, 1919.
2 SHEETSSHEET O ITOI NEW i w w m f an electric rail splice.
the following is UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM E. HUBER, OF EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE ELECTRIC RAILWAY IMPROVEMENT G OF OHIO.
' Specification of Letters Patent.
MPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION APPARATUS FOR BONDING RAILS AND THE LIKE.
Patented Aug. 5, 1919.
Application filed December 7, 1916. Serial No. 135,632.
To all whom it may concern:
, Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. HUBER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of East Cleveland, county of Guyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Bonding Rails and the like, of which a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which. I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.
The subject of the present invention is In bonding the returncircuit and positive feeders consisting of the rails on electric roads, it is, in most cases, impossible to use a rigid connection between the rail ends and therefore flexible connectors in the form of the so-called bonds, consisting of cables of flexible wires, have been used for this purpose. Flexibility is an essential of such a connection under the ordinary circumstances in order to allow mold used in carrying out my improved for :the expansion and. contraction of the rails under temperature changes. In subwayconstruction, however, where tempera ture changes are relatively small, and on third rail feeders which aremounted on insulators and are usually free to slide in said insulators, I have conceived the idea of forming a solid connection between the abutting rail ends. The present invention is intended for this purpose and has been designed to provide ahomogeneous juncture between the railends, which may be accomplished as above stated or by homogeneously joining a conductor at each end to the contiguous ends ofthe rail. To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends,
said invention, 'thenyconsists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.-
The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certain means and; one mode of carrying out the invention, Such disclosed means and mode'illustrating, however, but one of various ways in which the principle of, the invention may be used. In said annexed drawings Figure 1- is a view in perspective of a process; Fig. 2 is a plan view, partially in fsection showing two abutting rail ends, Eon
either side of which are placed in'ol'ds of the -may be poured into themain recess character shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2; F ig. 4. is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing a modified form of the mold for use in joining a previously formed conductor to a rail; Fig. 5 is a plan view, partially in section showing two abutting rail ends against which are placed two of the molds of the character shown in Fig. 4:; Fig. 6 is a section on the line 66 in Fig. 5; and Fig. 7 is a similar section on the line 77 in Fig. 5.
In Fig. 2 there are shown two adjacent rails 1 having their ends in abutment, and it will be understood that in case the ends of the rails are not in contact when it is desired to apply the connection, then a thin sheet 2 of asbestos or similar material softer than the adjacent rails may be slipped between the same to form a continuous surface against which a mold may be placed. In order to form the connection between the rail ends I place a mold 10 against the two abutting rail ends, such mold being provided with a main body portion having a recess 3 open at its top and connecting with a pouring sprue 4 at its top. The form of the chamber or recess 3 can best be seen from Fig. 1, and it will be noticed that the pouring sprue is of substantially the same width as the recess, the recess being of course of the desired shape of the completed connection between the rail ends. At either end this recess opens into an adjacent chamber or recess 5 constituting an overflow reservoir for any excess of moltenmetal which ly between these two spaced overflow chambers. Each of the latter is provided with vents or air openings 6 at its top as indicated;
- The molten metal is poured into the recess3, and at first runs out of this recess into the overflow chambers at either side. thus contacting and heating-the surfaces of the rail ends and bringing the same to high temperature so that as the metal accumulates inthe chamber 3 the. rail ends are at a temperature adapting them. to be fused with the molten-metal and to be homogeneously joined thereto. In this method, of joining the adjacent rail ends the molten metal is, usedc to preliminarily heat the rails to the desired temperature", the last step be ing the retaining of a desired body of the molten metal against such preliminarily heated portions of the rails, thus effecting a homogeneous union between the two. When the mold is removed the excess metal in the overflow chambers may be cut through at the point of connection to the metal in the main chamber, and can removed the homogeneity of the union of the metal closely adjacent to the main body can be seen, thus furnishing an indication of the thoroughness of the union between the main body of the metal and the rail ends. .The metal may be melted in any desired manner and in any suitable kind of apparatus, such for example as a coke, kerosene or electrical furnace, and it has been found that a joint formed in this mannor is stronger at the point of union between the copper and the iron of the rail than is thecopper itself, copper being of course the usual metal employed for this purpose.
The main or central chamber or recess in the mold is preferably formed in the side of a removable member 7 which is preferably slidably inserted in a suitable recess in the side of the main body of the mold, which is preferably iron or some similar heat-conducting material. This removable member is preferably formed of a heat-insulating material, such for example as carbon, graphite or the like, and in this way the body of metal in the main chamber is mamtained at a relatively high temperature, while the metal in the overflow recesses is cooled, by reason of the radiation of the heat therefrom, and thus does not homogeneously join the metal of the rail, and can be more readily removed. Furthermore, in this manner the cost of the mold can be reduced and its life increased, as should the main chamber become worn it can be readily removed and a new member inserted, thus providing a clearly cut chamber or mold proper at all times.
In some cases it is desirable to attach a previously formed conductor at the ends to abutting rail ends, and a mold for carrying out the present process inthis connectionis shown in Figs. t to 7. Such a mold 2O is provided with a lateral recess or slot 11' in which the end of the bond terminal or conductor may be inserted, the terminal portion of such conductor being received in the recess 12 about which there is a certain amount of space for the pouring of the molten metal. This molten metal may be poured onto the terminal through a pouring sprue 13 in which isprovided a removable member 14 closing off 'the greater p art of the pouring sprue and formmg a practically closed chamber about the terminal of the conductor. Located adjacent to the conductor receiving chamber in. the mold is an overthen be removed a from the rail, and when this metal 15 so,
flow chamber or'recess 15 into which the excess metal flows beneath the member 14: and the central part of the mold, and which is connected with the atmosphere by means of a vent 16. r r
In use two molds of this type will be used, one for either end of the conductor, and these molds will be placed as shown in Fig. 5. The lateral slots will be formed to receive snugly the conductors and thus prevent the escape of'metal through this slot, and the action will be seen to be substantially as in the process in which the molds already described are used, namely, molten metal is poured into the main molding chamber over the surface of the rail which is to be connected, and in this case-also over the terminal which is to be attached to the rail, thus heatingthese metals to a high temperature when a certain amount of molten metal is retained in such chamber for the purpose of constituting the connection between the bond terminal and the rail.
My improved method of forming an electric rail splice, together with the apparatus for arrying out the same, are a'considerable improvement by reason of their convenience, and operate to afford an extremely close and intimate juncture between the connecting metal and the rail ends, although if necessary the bond or connection can be removed by cutting the same from the rail, whereas were the rail ends welded together there would be considerable difliculty met with in severing the ends ofthe adjacent rails in case of a wreck, when it might be necessary toremove one or more lengths of rail. The preferred metal for forming the union is, of course, copper, as to use iron would be to make a very bulky joint whereas copper stripsof the cross sectional area indicated, approximate a conductivity equal to that of the rail.
Other forms may be employed embodying the features of my invention instead of the one here explained, change being made in the form or construction, provided theelements'stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such-stated elements be employed, whether produced by my preferred method or by others embodying steps equivalent to those stated in the following claims.
I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention 1. Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a'mold having a lateral" recess therein, an entrance 'sprue in thetop of said mold leading to such recess, said mold having other lateral recesses disposed at either side of such first-named recess,
egress spru'es connecting such first-named recess with such other recesses thereby constituting the latter overflow reservoirs, said mold having air vents leading from such other recesses.
2. Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a mold having spaced lateral recesses therein, and a member remov ably mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess therein and egress sprues connecting the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constituting the latteroverfiow reservoirs.
3. Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a mold having spaced latcral'recesses therein, and a member removably mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess therein and egress sprues connecting the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constituting the latter overflow reservoirs, said mold having air vents leading from such spaced recesses.
4. Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a mold having spaced lateral recesses therein, and an infusible member removably mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess therein and egress sprues connect- Oopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the ing the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constituting the latter overflow reservoirs.
5. Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising a mold of heat conducting material having spaced lateral recesses therein; and a member of relatively poor heat conducting material mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess therein and egress sprues connecting the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constituting the latter overflow reservoirs.
6. Means for forming a rigid conductor across contiguous faces of two abutting rail ends comprising an iron mold having spaced lateral recesses therein, and a carbon member mounted in said mold intermediate such recesses, said member having a recess there in and egress sprues connecting the same with such spaced recesses, thereby constitut ing overflow reservoirs.
Signed by me, this 6th day of December,
WILLIAM E. HUBER. Attested by GERALD HOWATT, JOHN G. KJ'ELLGREN.
Commissioner of Patents,
Washington, D. G.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3467172A (en) * 1966-08-01 1969-09-16 American Colloid Co Exothermic metallurgical charges
US3856076A (en) * 1973-02-15 1974-12-24 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for containing the molten reaction products of a reactive cladding process
US3933191A (en) * 1973-02-15 1976-01-20 United States Steel Corporation Method for containing the molten reaction products of a reactive cladding process

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3467172A (en) * 1966-08-01 1969-09-16 American Colloid Co Exothermic metallurgical charges
US3856076A (en) * 1973-02-15 1974-12-24 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for containing the molten reaction products of a reactive cladding process
US3933191A (en) * 1973-02-15 1976-01-20 United States Steel Corporation Method for containing the molten reaction products of a reactive cladding process

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