US1311822A

US1311822A - Hydrocabbon-bubnbb

Info

Publication number: US1311822A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-07-29
Anticipated expiration: 1936-07-29

Description

J. 0. KING.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED ran. 13, 19w.

1 ,3 1 1 ,822. Patented July 29, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

INVENTOR.

' ATTORNEY J. 0. KING.

nvnnocmaon BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED F. 13, 19H).

Patented J nly 29, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Mn 0 19 g",-

1'Im COLUMBIA PLANOGRAFII cm, WASHINGTON, n. c.

JOHN 0. KING, 013 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 29, 191 9.

Application filed February 13, 1919. Serial No. 276,835.

0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN 0. KING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a hydrocarbon burner and particularly pertains to aburner of the type adapted for the combustion of kerosene and especially suitable for use in cook-stoves, ranges, and the like.

It is the object of this invention to provide a burner having a plurality of separate and independent burner elements incorporated in one structure which elements may be employed singly or collectively according to the degree of temperature and location of the flame desired.

Another object is to provide a construction in a burner of the above character which will permit ready assemblage of the parts and their easy removal and replacement.

Another object is to provide a form and arrangement of the burner orifices by which over heating of the burner body is obviated.

A further ob'ect is to provide a burner for combustin erosene or similar fuel embodying the unsen principle in which means are employed for preventing back fire through the Bunsen.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which;

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the burner;

Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal section and elevation as seen on the line 2-2 of Fjig. 4;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation as seen 111 the direction of the arrow 3 in Fig. 2;

Fi .4 is a view in cross section as seen on the line 44 of Fig. 2;

Fi 5 is a view in cross section as seen on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

More specifically 10 indicates a base plate which is rectangular in outline and has a longitudinally extendin central portion consistmg of spaced upwar 'ly incline side walls 11, connected together atiltheir upper edges by a horizontal wall 12, t e lower portion of the base plate being formed by side flanges 13, proiecti'ng outwardly from the lower edges 0 the side walls. The base late is here shown as supported on standar s 14 secured to the flanges 13 by stove bolts 15,but may be mounted n any desired manner,

Arranged over the base plate is a burnercap 16 formed with inclined vertically corrugated side walls 17 seating in depressions on the outer portions of the flanges; end walls 18 and 19 connecting the side wall of the "burner-cap and extending over the ends of the base plate. Vertical kerfs 20 are cut in the outer portions of the corrugations on the side walls constituting elongated burner openings; the inner portions of the corrugations forming open ended channels between the adjacent kerfs to permit air to pass upwardly over the outer face of the side walls between the burner openings when the burner is in operation to prevent excessive heating thereof. The end portion of the burner-cap adjacent to the end wall 19 is formed with a top platform 21 extending over the elevated wall portion 12 of the base plate and the upper ortion of the burner cap between the plat orm and the end wall 18 is closed by a top wall having a pair of parallel raised portions 22 each of which consists of spaced upwardly convergent side walls 23 and horizontal top walls 24. Each of the raised portions 22 is formed with spaced transverse kerfs 25 constituting burner apertures on the upper face of the burner cap for forming a minor flame zone for generating purposes as will later appear. The burner-cap is designed to contact the central raised portion of the base plate throughout its length to divide the interior of the burner-cap into two longitudinally extending chambers 26 and 27 a depend ent rib 28 being formed on the underside of the top wall of the cap adapted to seat on the wall 12. Screws 29 pass through the ca. and engage the wall 12 to detachably hold the cap and base plate together.

Seated on the platform 21 is a housing 30 having side walls 31 and 32, end walls 33 and 34, and 'a top wall 35; the latform 21 forming the bottom wall of the ousing. The interior of this housing constitutes an air superheating chamber 36 to which air is admitted from the underside of the base plate through registerin openings 37 and 38 in the platform 21 an wall 12 shown in Fig". 5.

xtending parallel with the kerfed raised portions 22 of the burner-cap and spaced thereabove is a pair of

enerator tubes

39 and 40, the discharge on s of which are fitted with nozzles 41 slidably inserted through openings 42 in the end wall 34 of the housing 30, and the other ends of which are fitted with threaded tapered nipples a3 adapted to be screwed into threaded openings 44 in a bracket 45 carried on the end wall 18 of the burner-cap. The walls of the openings 44: are formedol' brass or other relatively soft metal to insure a nonlcakable joint between the bracket and the generators. Nipples 46 are screwed in the outer ends of the openings which are adapted to be connected to any suitable source of hydrocarbon supply through control valves, not shown. The generator tubes contain granular or fibrous material of any suitable character to prevent flooding and also to collect foreign substances and carbonaceous sediment which might be present in the hydrocarbon fuel, thereby largely preventing solid substances from accumulating in the nozzle. As a further means for reducing possibility of clogging of the nozzle, the nozzle tip is formed with an inwardly extending conical end wall 47 through which the nozzle orifice axially extends, the inclined sides of the conical wall tapering from the inner margin of the orifice tending to direct solid particles to the side of the conical extension rather than into the orifice. In event this orifice should become clogged it may be readily freed of obstruction by inserting a fine wire into the orifice from its outer end to press the obstruction back into the nozzle where it will become lodged in the space around the conical extension. The generator tube and nozzle may be cleaned whenever necessary by unscrewing the nozzle from the tube and removing the tube filling. As a means for facilitating cleaning of the nozzle orifice without detaching the generator tubes, the housing 30 is formed with a pair of openings 48 in its upper wall through which the cleaning wire may be inserted when it is desired to clean the nozzle. These openings are normally closed by threaded plugs 49.

Extending through the outer end wall of the housing is a pair of intake tubes 50 and 51 arranged in axial alinement with the nozzle orifice with their inner ends spaced a short distance from the nozzles. The outer ends of the intake tubesconnect with down turned mixing conduits 52 and 53 the lower ends of which open to the chambers 26 and 27 in the burner ca through the end wall 19 of the latter. T e intake 50 and 51 are formed with a reduced inside diameter adjacent to their outer ends forming a restricted throat 54 from which the inner walls of the tube taper in opposite directions, a long taper or convergence'leading to the throat from the inner end of the tube and a short flare leading from the throat to the outer end of the tube into communication with the conduit. The conduits have an inside diameter greater than that of the intake tubes to permit formation of a par- .tial vacuum at the flared discharge end of the intake tubes anrl' thereby induce a suction in the latter when the burner is in operation. This construction serves to prevent backfire from the burner into the air chamher.

In assembling the burner the burnermip is placed on the base plate and secured thereto by the screws 29. The housing 30 is set on the platforin 21 and the generating tubes are lit in place by inserting the nozzles into tie housin then screwing the tapered nipples into t 18 bracket. The intake tubes 50 and 51 are then inserted through the housing either before or after attachment to the conduits and the mixing conduits are secured thereto by screws 55 and then secured to the burner-cap by-screws 56. This construction permits ready removal and replacement of the several parts in event renewal is necessary.

From the foregoing it will be seen that T have provided a burner having a pair of separate complementary burner elements l'ormcd in one unit and adapted to be operated separately or collectively, each burner element having independent generators, 1nixing conduits and burner openings with a common air superheating chamber.

In the operation of the invention hydrocarbon fuel is delivered to the generator tubes from any suitable source of supply and initial generation is efi'ected in any desired manner as by ignition of a kindling hydrocarbon plaoed in priming trays 57 formed 011 the top portion of the burner cap by upturned side flanges 58 from which flames will pass against the generator tube or tubes. These flames act to heat the generator tubes sufliciently to convert the liquid fuel therein into vapors which will be ejected from the nozzles into the enlarged ends of the opposed intake tubes. The jet of vapors entering the convergent throat with considerable forcedraws air from the air-heating chamber 36 through the restricted throat and car ries it into tie mixing conduit from whence the air and vapors thoroughly intermingled will be discharged into the burner and pass out the top and side kerfs where the mixture on ignition burns with a hot blue flame. The fresh air drawn into the intake tube is preheated by passing into the chamber 36 the walls of which are heated, which insures a thorough vaporization of the hydrocarbon and its intermixture with air.

The flames formed at the top.- kerfs are impinged on t e generator tubes and act to maintain continuous generation of'the fuel into vapors. The flames formed at the sides of the burner effect the major heating action and by directing the fuel to either generator the flame may be directed from either, side of the burner and where a. more intense tern perature is desired both generators are put in operation.

By forming the burner with dual compartments or chambers and providing means whereby either chamber may be operated independent of the other to form flames on one half of the burner only, pre-ignition of the gases and back firing is revented as the burner will not be heated su ciently throughout to cause pre-ignition because the side of the burner not in operation containing an air space will tend to keep down excessive tem perature of the other side of the burner. This is advantageous over the ordinary types of hydrocarbon burners for burning kerosene in which flames are emitted throughout the burner head, as excessive heating of the burner and pre-ignition results.

While I have shown and described a specific embodiment of my invention, I do not restrict myself to the exact construction disclosed but may resort to such modifications in the construction and arrangement of parts as are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims without departing therefrom.

I claim 1. In a hydrocarbon burner, a rectangular base plate having a longitudinally ext/ending1 raised central portion comprising space side walls and a connecting top wall, a burner-cap seating on said base plate having side, end and top walls with vertical kerfs in its side walls and a pair of rows of transverse kerfs in its top wall, a dependent longitudinally extending rib on the under side of the top wall of said burner-cap between the rows of transverse kerfs seating on the top wall of the raised portion of the base plate and dividing the space within the burner-cap into two compartments, a housing seating on said burner-cap at one end thereof to which air is admitted from the underside of the base plate, a pair of parallel generator tubes extendin over the rows of transverse top kerfs sli ably extending into said housing, a pair of intake tubes extending into said housing in alinement with said generator tubes and spaced therefrom and a pair of downturned conduits forming communication between said intake tubes and the two compartments within the cap.

2. In a hydrocarbon burner, a base plate formed with a longitudinally extending raised portion, a burner cap having side walls seating on the edges of said base plate and formed with a top wall adapted to seat on the raised portion of the base plate to divide the interior of the burner cap into two compartments, a series of vertical burner kerfs in the sides of said burner-cap, parallel rows of transverse kerfs on the top portion of the burner cap arranged on opposite sides of the division in the burner cap, and means for delivering hydrocarbon vapors to either or both of said compartments.

3. In a hydrocarbon burner, a pair of complementary burner elements having 0pposed side burner kerfs and parallel rows of transverse top kerfs, a pair of generator tubes arranged over said top kerfs, a Bunsen tube leading from opposite the discharge end of each of said generator tubes to each burner element and an air heatin chamber encircling the adjacent termina s of the generator and Bunsen tubes.

4:. In a hydrocarbon burner, a rectangular base, a burner-cap on said base having kerfcd corrugated side walls, and a top well formed With parallel rows of transverse kerfs, a longitudinal partition dividing the interior of the burner-cap between the rows of top kerfs into separate chambers, and means for delivering a mixture of hydrocarbon vapors and air to either or both of said chambers.

JOHN 0. KING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.