US1303004A - l alois - Google Patents

Description

A. J. ALDIS.

TURBINE BLADE ATTACHMENT APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20.1918.

Patented May EET 1.

INVENTOR: BY Arziaur 1107272 Aldis,

ATTORNEYS.

A. J. ALDIS.

' TURBINE BLADE ATTACHMENT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20 I918.

Patented May 6, 1919.

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A. 1. ALDIS.

TURBI LADE ATTACHMENT. APPLICA l N FILED MAR. 20. l9l8.

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ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR JOHN ALIDIS, OF WALLSENI ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, OF WALLSEND, ENGLAND.

TURBINE-BLADE ATTACHMENT.

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To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ARTHUR JOHN ALDIS, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Turbinia Works, Wallsend on Tyne, Northumherland, England,

have invented certain new and useful I1n-' provements in and Relating to Turbine- Blade Attachments, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to blade attachments for turbines and particularly to the attachment of blades in which the blades and the packing sections are undercut, so as tofit circumferential projections on the sides of the groove.

In such blade attachment it has been usual to remove these groove projections at one or more places in the circumference of the groove for the insertion of the packing pieces and to provide a special locking piece or pieces subsequently to fill the gaps. In some cases the blades were inserted in the groove locally and twisted into place, but the spacing sections holding the blades were inserted at the gaps and driven around the groove to their proper position, this involving considerable loss of time. Further, the sections were either made slack in the groove to facilitate the driving around, or became more or less worn and slack in the process.

The object of the present invention is to overcome such difficulties.

The present invention consists in a blade attachment means in which circumferential projections are provided on the side or sides of'the containing grooves. packing sections consisting of two or more parts such that one part contains not more than one of the sides contiguous to the sides of the groove.

The invention further consists in providing in combination with the above improved blade attachment means for inserting the last blade and packing piece without interfering with the continuity of the projections of the side of the groove.

The invention also consists in the improved means for inserting and packing turbine blades hereinafter described.

Referring to the accompanying drawingsz Figures 1, 2 and 3 show one method of attachment according to the invention.

Figs. 4 and 5 show a modified form. Figs. 6 and 7 show another modification. Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 show methods of packing the last section.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 20. 1918.

Patented May 6, 1919.

Serial No. 223.626.

Figs. 12 and 13 show another method of inserting andholding the last section.

Figs. 14, 15 and 16 show the use of an ordinary locking piece in connection with the invention.

Figs. 17, 18 and 19 show other modifications of the invention; while Figs. 20 and 21 show other types of packmg pieces.

Fig. 22 shows a method of fixing the last packing piece.

In carrying the invention into effect as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 8, the groove (1 into which the blades 7) are inserted is provided with circumferential projections 0 extending around either side; the blades, hav ing grooves adapted to fit the circumferential projections c in the grooves a, are inserted radially and twisted around into position. Packing sections d, e divided circumferentially in a plane parallel to the groove are then inserted separately, one piece being inserted first and the complementary piece-then inserted a little farther around the groove and driven circumferentially into place.

As shown in Fig. 4 the division of the packing pieces may have an inclination to the plane of the groove so that when the sections are driven up circumferentially a side pressure on the grooves is obtained as well as an end pressure on the blades.

The packing section between any two blades may be made up of three pieces. 9, 7t, as shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the central piece 9 being preferably wedgeshaped so as to obtain side pressure when,

driven circumferentially.

The blades may be provided with serrations in the usual manner so that when the packing sections are subsequently calked the metal will be caused to flow into the blade serrations and thus obtain the necessary attachment to the packing sections; or the blades may be provided with holes 7c, (Fig. 19), through which pins Z are driven so as to project into the adjacent packing section, as shown at Fig. 17; or as shown in Fig. 18, the blade and packing sections may be threaded on to short lengths of wire m.

Various methods may be employed for in serting the last packing piece. In the form shown at Fig. 3, a piece of metal j may be left on the rotor opposite the last pack- 'ing piece 0, this packing piece being provided with a beveled edge 79. The circum- IOU ferential projection which normally engages with the blades and packing sections is locally removed opposite the projection j on the rotor, and this projectionis hammered down into place, filling the space left by the beveled edge of the last packing piece.

In the form shown at Figs. 4 and 5, three pieces may be employed for the last packing section these pieces being introduced successively in a manner depending on the form of the several pieces. In Fig.- 4 the projections on the sides of the groove are partially removed at g to. allow entry of the packing pieces.

This incision is necessary in order that after the piece It has been fitted in position the piece 7' may be introduced, which would otherwise not be possible.

If desired, more packing pieces may be employed as shown at Figs. 6, 7 Sand 9, inserted in the order 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and the piece 3 may, as shown inFig. 8, be wedge-shaped so as to obtain av tightening eifect owing to the wedge action in the circumferential direction.

In Figs. 10 and 11, the piece 3 of Fig. 8 is dispensed with, the piece 1 being made to wedge into place after the piece 2 is inserted.

In Figs. 12 and 13, a screw 25 is employed to fiX the last packingpiece 'r in place, the projection 0 being locally removed.

In Figs. 14 and 15, locking pieces 8 of the usual type may be further employed and secured in place by means of screwsu and by calking soft metal in the spaces after the packing piece 8 has been driven home, though one of these means may be omitted, that is, the screw or the calking.-

In Fig. 20 the projections 0 are removed in way of the last inserted packing section (Z. The complementary section 6 is serrated or indented on the'division face, and the last section (Z is inserted radially and calked into these serrations or indentations. The groove side may also be serrated or indented in way of this last section as shown at z.

The planes of division between the parts of the packing pieces may be inclined to the side of the groove a as shown in Figs. 21 and 22.

It will be seen that the blades and packing sections are thus provided with positive means for retaining them in the groove.

The groove, moreover, can be completely filled by fitting the packing pieces in place so that subsequent calking is not wasted in filling large empty spaces, but is rendered effective in causing the packing section or sections tofiow into the interstices of the blade and the groove surfaces.

It'willbeseen further that anyv method of assembling the blades and sections may be Copieeotthia patent ,may be obtained for adopted. All the pieces may be inserted separately, or some, or all of the packing sections may be attached (integrally or oth erwise) to blades, for instance, referring to Fig. 14', the packing sections d may be attached to the fronts or to the backs of the adjacent blades before insertion, the sections 6 being separately inserted. Again, a section d may be attached to the back and a section 6 attached to the front of each of the blades. In each of these cases, where special locking pieces are not employed, the last few blades and packing sectionsof a groove would be inserted separately, and the packing sections calked. The attachment, when the blades and sections are not integral, may be made by soldering, pressing, riveting or any other well-known means.

In Fig. 22, a small wedge-shaped projection to is left on the rotor groove for the purpose of bifurcating and spreading the middle piece of the last inserted section. This projection may be carried right around the groove with the blades notched sufficiently clear to allow of their insertion, and the sections being notched to fit over this projection.

What I claim is I. In combination a carrier member. having a groove defined by fixed fianges,,turbine blades having roots of greater width than the width of the groove, said roots and flanges having interlocking portions which are set into engagement by turning the blades to extend across the grooves at an inclination thereto, and a plurality of packing sections between each pair of blades and independent of the packing sections between adjacent pairs of blades, said; packing sections being located in the grooves and being divided from each other lengthwise of the grooves, and interlockingwith, the flanges, substantially as described.

2. In a combination as set forth in claim 1 means for insertion of the last blade and packing sections so construed that when all the blades and packing sections are in posi;-. tion the flanges are continuous aroundfthe whole periphery of the groove.

3. In combination with the features: of claim 1, an interruption in one of the flanges localized to that portion ofthe groove where the last packing section isinserted to facilie tate the placing thereof;

4. In connection with thefeatures. of claims 1 and 3 means for completing the continuity of the flange to hold the... last packing section, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I; have signed my name to this specification.

ABTHU-R- JOHN. ALDIS.:

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents... Washington, D. G."

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