US1302303A - Grading mechanism for pattern-reproducing machines. - Google Patents

Description

F. S. BUCK.

GRADING MECHANISM FOR PATTERN HEPRODUCING MACHINES. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 7, 1915.

9,302,303 Patented Apr. 29,1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I- INVENTEI Fawn? 5 ELLE3 K I WWy F. S. BUCK,

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-7,1915.

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GRADING MECHANISM FOR PATTERN REPRODUCING MACHINES.

F. S. BUCK. GRADING MECHANISM FOR PATTERN REPRODUCING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FIL ED SEPT-7,1915- Patented Apr. 29,1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3 IN \/ENTEH=\I FR K -B L K yWiQfZZ I l i I l l l |I F. S. BUCK.

' GRADING MECHANISM FOR PATTERN REPRODUCING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 7| i915.

snzwsy Patented Apr. 29, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4- EE STATES T E E l FRANK s. BUCK,0E s EINGFIELD, VERMONT, ASSIGNOR, BY MEsNE ASSIGNMENTS, To EI-Tz-EMPIEE DOUBL PIVOT LAST 00., OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

GRADING- MECHANISM FOR PATTERN-REPRODUCING MACHINES.

niaoaeos.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. as, rare.

Application filed September 7, 1915. Seria1 No.49,415.

tain new and useful Improvements in a Grading Mechanism for Pattern-Reproducing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a mecha metrically similar to a pattern or model.

Among types of articles, in the production of which grading mechanisms embodying essentially the invention hereinafter described are used, may be named particularly forms or patterns for articles for personal wear, or parts of such articles, or to be used in the manufacture of such articles, which are made with general similarity to one another but differing in size in one or more dimensions from one another. The. different sizes of such articles are commonly developed from a standard pattern or model and are graded up or down from such pattern, that is, are made larger or smaller than the pattern in one dimension or all dimensions in a given proportion to the pattern; It is essential thatthe form or out- The object of the lnventlon is to provide an improved and simple grading mechanism for the purpose indicated which will secure 'minute or large variations in grade with absoluteaccuracy. An important feature of .the invention is a novel organization of model holding and following iDStIlllTlGIl-i talities; work holding and reproducing 1nstrumentalities, means for effecting relatlve traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs and mechanism for maintaining a constant velocity ratio between the traverses throughout the production of a piece of work. This organization insures rigorously accurate geometric reproduction of the model.

Another feature is a novel mechanism connecting two carriages (and in the machine shown transmitting motion from one to the other), the mechanism having a memher to which a movement independent of the movement communicated to the carriages by the main drive can be imparted, the mechanism being constructed and arranged to transmit this movement multiplied by a constant, which may be unity, to one of the carriages. In the machine shown this movement has a uniform ratio to the movement imparted by the main drive, and the two carriages are thus given velocities differing by the same amount during all parts of the production of a piece of work.

An important feature of the connecting mechanism is the rectilinear movement of the independently moving member. The significance of this feature depends upon the fact that the velocity relations of rectilinearly moving parts are much simpler thansthose of cranks or links. The rectilinear moving part is, in the mechanism shown, given a movement from a rectilinear guide disposed at an angle to the direction of drive so that a velocity strictly pro portional to the velocity of drive is imparted to it. This velocity is transferred multiplied by a constant, which may be unity, through the connecting mechanism and is algebraically added to the velocity imparted to a carriage by the main drive, so that the difference in velocity of the carriages is always strictly in constant proportion to the velocity imparted by the, main drive. If the and arranged to be operated to alter the effective length of the mechanism at a rate strictly proportional to the velocity of a carriage. In the machine shown, the member is moved transversely of the connecting mechanism, independently of the movement of the mechanism of the main drive.

These and other features of the invention including certain details of construction and combinations of parts will appear more fully from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings and will then be pointed out in the appended claims. The nature of the invention sufficiently appears from the following detailed description of one specific embodiment thereof adapted to lathes for turning irregular forms which I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a front elevation of such a lathe.

Fig. 2 is an end view of the lathe as seen from the left of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail view of the grading mechanism, the same being a section taken on line 33 of Fig. 2, and Fig. i on an enlarged scale.

Fig. l is a horizontal section on line 4-1 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section 011 line 55 of Fig. 4:.

Fig. 6 is a rear view of the lathe; and Fig. 7 is a section on the line 77 of Fig. 6.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

After first explaining that the illustration of my invention in connection with a-machine for turning irregular forms is not intended, and is not to be considered, as a limitation of the invention to machines of that type, but is merely presented to illustrate a practical and useful embodiment or adaptation of the invention, I will proceed to a detailed description of this particular embodiment.

In the drawings, 10 represents a carrier which is adapted to slide on ways or guides, one of which is shown at 11 on the frame of the machine. This carrier supports standards 12 having hearings in which is mounted a shaft 13 carrying a cutter head 14 equipped with cutters 15. The cutter head and cutters represent one type of instrument for reproducing the form of the model or pattern, and may be considered as typical of any instrument for this purpose, whether the same is used to cut a surface of revolution or an outline, or merely to trace or mark an outline on a plane surface without cutting. The carrier 10 is constrained by the guideways 11 to travel in a fixed path. Another standard or upright 16' on the carrier 10 is equipped with guideways'17 and supports a second carrier 18, which is engaged with said guideways 17.

Thesecond carrier is movable upon the first carrier in the direction limited by the ways 17, which are parallel to the ways 11 on which the'first cz'irriertravels. That is, the

second carrier is supported andmoved by the first carrier and'is also movable relatii elyi thereto in'the same direction or the opposite direction. The second carrier carries a follower 19, which in this machine "is awheeladapted to bear on the surface of horizontal links 52 the e'nds of which are pivoted at '54,- 56 to the -lower and upper ends, 'respectively, of p arallel swinging links 58," 60, pivoted to the I main frame at their other ends. The forward side of-theframe rolls on circu-lar'segnients 62, pivoted at their centers 64:. A substantially horizontal movement is thus given the frame by the "pressure a-gaii'ist the model wheel 19 and a counterweight hung over the pulley 66, as is *well"understood. This 'and other swing "frame "mechanisms are well known in the art and no furthe'r description is thought necessary. Said frame '22 also has ccnters"23, 2l forsupporting the work piece out of which the for'nriscut'by the re producer. The centers 20 and 23 are rotalted in unison by-mechanisnr common in machines of this "character, or any other suitable mechanism, the precise nature of which is not at all material to this invention. The'cutter is also rotatedabout the axis of the shaft 13, by aneans of a belt 25 passing arounda driving drum 26 and over a pulley-27 on the shaft 13. The rotation of this particular type of cutter is "necessary in order that it mayaccom'plish its purpose, but as rotationof the cutter is not necessary in all types of'reproducing machine, and moreover-as it is not novel in "the particular type of machine here illustrated, I do not assert this feature "as {an essential part of the invention.

In the rear of the machine is a guide bar 28 pivotally mounted at oneend on pivot 29 on a. fixed framemember 29so that the'o-pposite end '30 may berai'sed and lowered, in

a'vertical plane, parallel to the paths in which the carriers travel, -'whereby the bar maybe inclined up-ordow-n with respect to these paths. The clamp--30 secures the end 30 inadj'usted position toafixed frame memberBO. 'Aslide ortraveler 31 is mounted'on the guide bar28 "and is adapted to travel thereon. Said traveleris connected by aswivel coupling with a'stud '32, which projects "from a rack bar 33 arranged to travel vertically in a guide 34, which is formed upon a bracket 35 having flanges 36 whereby the bracket is secured to the rear side of the upright 16 on the cutter carriage. A retaining strip or bar 37 is secured to one side of the guideway to bear against an adjacent side of the rack bar, and a second retainer 38 is secured to the edge of the guideway to overlie the outer or rear side of the rack bar. These retainers prevent removal of the rack bar from the guideway, except in endwise direction, and limit its travel to a path extending longitudinally of the length of the guideway, which in the present machine, is vertical. Said rack may be considered to be the actuator of the mechanism hereinafter described.

The bracket 35 is provided with a bearing 39 in which is rotatably mounted a shaft 40 having fixed upon its ends gear wheels 41 and 42, respectively, said gears abutting against the ends of the bearing and thereby holding the shaft against end shake. The teeth 43 0f the rack bar mesh with the teeth of the gear wheel 41. The second wheel 42 meshes with a horizontal rack 44 which is secured to the under side of a ledge 45 projecting rea-rwardly from the base of the second carrier 18 and overlying the gear 42. The rack 44 is longitudinally adjustable on the carrier 18 by means of the screw 46.

The foregoing describes all that is material to my present invention. The other elements and mechanisms shown in the drawings are parts which, although necessary to the practical operation of the particular machine here illustrated, have no immediate connection with the particular mechanism in which my present invention is embodied, and therefore do not affect the present invention. For this reason I have not attempted to describe such parts and mechanisms.

The operation of the grading mechanism will be readily understood and is as follows. Of course when the carrier 10 with its upright 16 is moved, from right to left by the main drive, as is usual in machines of this type the carrier 18 is moved with it, and the rate of movement of the second carrier is greater or less than the first accord ing to the inclination given to the bar 28. If this bar be inclined downward in the direction of movement of the carrier, when this direction is from rightto left, (Fig. 1) the traveler or slide 31 is gradually lowered, thereby lowering the rack bar 38, rotating the gear wheels 41 and 42, and advancing the rack 44, horizontally relative to the-gear wheels. This movement of the rack 44 is algebraically added to the movement transmitted to the carrier 18 through the mechanism 33, 4'1, 42, 44 from the carrier 10 thus moving the second carrier 18 faster than the first carrier. The degree of slant or angle of inclination of the bar 28 of course determines the increment in velocity of the carrier 18. Adjustments of this character, that is with a downward inclination of the guide bar, from right to left as seen in Fig. 1, are employed in grading down, that is in producing'work smaller than the model. When the guide bar is upwardly inclined with respect to the direction of travel of the carrier from right to left, the rack bar 33 is raised and a movement thereby given to the rack and carrier 18 relatively to the carrier 10 in the direction opposite to the movement of the latter, but at a rate less rapid than the movement of the carrier 10, whereby the resulting effect is to' cause the carrier 18 to travel in the same direction with the carrier 10 but at a slower speed. In this way work pieces longer'than the model but similar thereto may be produced. When the guide bar is horizontal, that is, exactly parallel to the path of the carrier, no movement is given to the rack 33 or to the carrier 18 relatively to the carrier 10, but the carriers are both moved at the same speed. The effects are exactly the reverse of those above described when the direction of carrier travel is from left to right; and also when the rack 33 is placed at the right hand side of the gear 41, instead of at the left of this gear, or the rack 44 is below the gear 42 instead of above it. Accordingly I do not intend the foregoing description of operation to be taken as in any sense a limitation of the invention to a machine in which the working travel of the carriers is from right to left, or to exclude from the scope of my claimed protection any apparatus in which the direction of such travel is the reverse of this, or in which therelative positions of either of the racks and pinions or equivalent elements, are reversed.

It will be apparent that the mechanism 33, 41, 42, 44 connects the two carriages and transforms the velocity of one into the velocity of the other by transmitting this velocity from the one to the other and by algebraically adding to it a definite arbitrary percentage of itself, constant throughout the production of a piece of work. The vertical velocity imparted to the rack 33 is strictly proportional to that of the carrier 10, being equal to the velocity of the carrier 10 multiplied by the tangent of the angle of inclination of the guide bar 28. This velocity is transferred unchanged into the periphery of the pinion 41 and then appears in the periphery of the pinion 42 multiplied by the ratio of the diameters of the two pinions' (which need not be of the same diameter). The resulting velocity is then transferred unchanged into the rack 44. All the velocities mentioned are taken relative to the carrier 10, and all are strictly proportional to the velocity of the carrier 10. It is not at all necessary to the fundamental idea of the invention that the secondary carrier be mounted on the primary carrier, for this mode of "mounting is merely a peculiar feature of the particular machine chosen for illustration of one form of the invention; but 011 the contrary the two carriers may be located in any other relation to each other. The rack and pinion gearing between the two-carriers isequally effective to transmit motion from the primary to the secondary carrier at the same speed'or with a positive or negative increment, whether the secondar 1 carrier is supported independently of the primary carrier, or upon the latter. Neither is it essential that the guide bar be arranged I for adjustment angularly in a vertical plane rather than in a horizontal, or any other plane; or that the rack 33 be located and movable vertically, "rather than horizontally orat an inclination. Any other arrangement of the guide and rack than that shown may be adopted provided the guide is adapted to be set toconvergetoward or diverge from the direction of travel of the primary carrier and the rack 43 is adapted to move transversely of such direction.

The essential elements of thelast lathe are the model holder and the'model follower; and the work holder and thereproducer or cutter, and some means for producing relative t averses between members of each pair of these instrume-ntalities. of my invention is the production of a constantvelocity ratio between these traverses duringthe production of apiece of work. Last lathes in use prior to the present invention have produced only an approximation to this constant velocity ratio. They have all made use of swinging arms and eccentric connecting rods which make it impossible to maintain constancy of velocity ratio between the traversesyand make it impossible to maintain even an approximate constancy of velocity ratio in grading very far from the model. Shoe manufacturers are insisting upon more and more rigid accuracy inthe lasts they buy, and defects which are utterly inappreciable to the ordinary observer will condemn a last utterly. A constant velocity ratio between the traverses insuresthe production of work which is geometrically similar to the model in the graded dimension.

In the claims I have used the term model instrumentality as generic to the model wheel or follower and the model holding mechanism; and have similarly used the term work instrumentality as generic to the cutter or reproducer-and the Workh0lding mechanism. The carriers may each carry one member from either pair.

Theterm reproducer is intended to include the cutter head herein described and also any other sort of device for repro' ducing a pattern or model whether by cutting the outlines or form thereof or by The 1 gist merely indicating such outlines or form without cutting'the same. Th model guide wheel 19 here illustrated is to be considered as typical'of any sort of guide adapted to bear'a-gainst amodel or pattern and determine the relation of the work to the reproducer.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A pattern grading apparatus comprising essentially a' primary carrierya secondary carrier, aniodel instrumentality mounted upon one of said carriers and a work instrumentality mounted on the other carrier, and a motion adding mechanism comprising a stationary guide bar adapted'tobe placed at an inclination to the directions in which said carrierstravel, a slide engaged with said bar-'andcarried by the primary carrier and toothed gearing for converting the-displacements of said slide into uniform increments of movement of the'secondary carrier.

A pattern grading apparatus comprising essentially a primary carrier, a secondary carrier, a model instrumei'itality mounted upon one'of said carriers and a work instrumentality mounted on the other carrier, the secondary carrier being also engaged with the primary carrier whereby to be moved therewith, a motion adding mechanism comprising aguidebar adjustable in a plane parallel to the line of movement of said carriers and adapted to be placed at a variety of inclinations to such line of-movement, a rackbar carried by the primary carrier and guided thereby with provision for moving transversely-to the path of movement of the carrier, a slide connected to said rack and engaged with said guide bar, a second rack. connected to the secondary car rier and extending in the direction of movement of the latter, and gearing meshing with the'two racks for transmitting movement from one to the other.

3-. A pattern grading apparatus comprising essentially a primary carrier, a secondary carrier, a model'instrumentality mounted upon one of said carriers-and a Work instrumentality mounted on the other carrier, the secondary carrier being also engaged with the primary carrier whereby to be movedtherewith, a motion adding mechanism comprising a toothed gear train mounted upon the-primary carrier and arranged to apply force to the secondary carrier. in the direction'of movement thereof, a guide which is fixed relatively to the carriers, and an actuating member engaged with said guide and arranged to drive said gear train.

4:. A grading mechanism comprising primary. and secondary carriers, one of which is guided to move in a fixed path, and the otherofwhich is movable relatively thereto in the same directions, and a velocity transforming mechanism comprising a fixed guide inclined to the paths in which said carriers move, an actuator slidable along said guide and adapted to be moved there'- on by movement of the carriers, being at the same time displaced by the guide transversely to the path of the carriers, and mechanism operated by said actuator for converting the transverse displacement of the latter into uniformly increased or diminished movement of one of the carriers relatively to the other; i

5. A grading apparatus comprising a primary carrier guided to move in a fixed path, a secondary carrier guided. to move relatively to the primary carrier in approximately the same directions, motion transmitting rack and pinion gearing mounted on the primary carrier and engaged with the secondary carrier for imparting movement to the latter relatively to the primary carrier, an actuator for the said mechanism, and an adjustable guide stationary rela tively to the carrier with which said actuator is engaged, said guide being adapted to impart movement to the actuator transverse to the paths in which the carriers travel.

6. A pattern grading mechanism comprising a carrier for a model instrumentality, a carrier for a Work instrumentality, both of said carriers being movable and one of them being movable relatively to the other, a rack mounted upon one of said carriers extending in the direction of the relative movement between the carriers, a gear mounted upon the other carrier andvmeshing with said rack, a second rack eared to actuate the said gear wheel and being movable transversely to the paths in which the carriers'move, an actuator for the second rack attached thereto and means operable by movement of the carrier for shifting said actuator transversely to said path of movement.

7 A grading mechanism comprising two relatively movable carriers, one being adapted to carry a model instrumentality and the other to carry a work instrumentality,complementary intermeshing gear elements mounted upon said carriers, respectively, one of said elements being a driving element, an actuator for the said driving element and means operable by movement of the carrier on which said driving element is mounted for simultaneously moving said element relatively to said carrier.

8. A grading apparatus comprising a model guide carrier, a pattern reproducer carrier, said carriers being guided to move in parallel pathsand one of them being thus movable relatively to the other, a rack secured to one of said carriers, a gear wheel mounted rotatably on the other carrier and meshing with said rack, and actuating means for rotating saidwheel when the carrier mounting said wheel is moved, whereby a uniformly increased movement is transmitted from this carrier to the other carrier.

9. A grading mechanism comprising a traveling carrier guided to move in a fixed path, a second carrier guided movably in a path parallel to that of the first carrier, a rack secured to the second carrier extending in the direction in which the latter travels, a gear wheel mounted rotatably on the first carrier meshing with said rack, a second gear wheel rigidly secured to the first gear wheel, a rack meshing with the second gear wheel and guided to move transversely to themovement of the two carriers, a slide connected to the second rack and a guide bar engaged with said slide and adapted to be placed at an inclination to the paths of movement of the carriers.

10. In a lathe for turning irregular forms, a carrier guided to travel in a horizontal path, a work instrumentality on said carrier, a second carrier movable in a definite path parallel to that of the first carrier, a model instrumentality on the second carrier, a rack secured to the second carrier parallel to the path of movement thereof, a pair of rigidly coupled gear wheels rotatably mounted on the first carrier,'-one of said gear wheels being in mesh with said rack, a second rack meshing with the other gear wheel of said pair, a guide secured to the first carrier holding the second rack and constructed to limit the movement thereof to a line transverse to the path of movement of the carriers, a guide bar angularly adjustable in a plane parallel to the path of movement ol. the first slide, whereby it may be placed at various inclinations to such path, and a slide engaged with said guide bar and connected with the second rack.

11. A lathe for turning irregular forms comprising, in combination with means for holding and means for rotating a work piece and a model, a movable cutter carriage, a follower carriage mounted on the cutter carriage and movable relatively thereto, rigidly connected gear wheels rotatably mounted on one of said carriages, a rack in mesh with one of said wheels carried by said carriage and guided to travel in directions transverse to the travel of the carriage, a second rack fixed to the other carriage and meshing with the other of said gear wheels, a stationary guide bar adjustable to extend at an inclination to the travel ofthe carriages, and a slide engaged with said guide bar and connected to the first named rack.

12. The combination with a plurality of carriages movable absolutely and also relatively to one another in thesame and in opposite directions, of transmission mechanism adapted to impart uniform increments or decrementsof motion from one carriage to the other, comprising two pinions rigidly connected together carried rotatably by one of the carriages, a rack guided on the same carriage to move transversely to the line of travel thereof, a relatively fixed guide, means connected with said rack engaging said guide for shifting the rack when the carriage ismoved, and a rack secured to the other carriage meshing with the second pinion.

13. In a machine. of the class described, model holding andxmodel following instrumentalities; work holding andureproducing instrumentaliti'es; two carriages, each carryingonesinstrumentality ofv each pain-and means foranovingrthe carriages. to effect relati've traverses between. these instrumentalities: taken in. pairs, comprising. mechanism constructed and arranged. to maintain a constant velocity ratio-of arbitrary magnitude between the said traverses throughout the production of' a piece of work, saidmechanism: comprising aimember-having, when the said ratio is different fromnnity, a movement proportional to the said ratio and transverse-to. the movement of the member when. the said ratio is unity.

14. In amachine of the class described, model holding and model following instru mentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each car rying' one instrumentality of each pair, means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses: between these instrumentalities'tal'zen in pairs, comprising a train of mechanismhaving itstermin'almembers connected: with the two carriages respectively, and means for-giving a termi'nal member a movement independent of" the movement of the carriage with which it is connected, the train being" constructed and arranged to transmit the independent movement, unchanged in amount, from one terminal member of the train to the other.

15 In a machine of the class described, modelholding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumenta-lities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pan, means for moving the carriages. to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a train of mechanism connecting the carriages, and means for givinga member ofthe train a movement indepeiid'ent -of the movementimparted to the car'riages by th -saidmeans, the train being' constructed, and arranged to I transmit this independent' movemen't, unchanged in amount, to one of the carriages.

16; In a machine of the class described, modelholdingmodel following instrumentalities; 1 work holding and reproducing instrumentalities'; two carriages, each-carrym'g one-mstrumentality of each pair, means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between thesemstrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a train of mechanism having its terminal members connected with the two carriages respectively, and means for giving one terminal member a velocity having a desired ratio to the velocity of one. of the relative traverses which is constant throughout the production of a piece of. work, the train being constructed and" arranged to transmit theformer velocity from one terminal; member of the train to the other. i

17. In a machine of the class described, model holding andmodel following instrumentalities; work holdil'lgand reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality: of each pair, and means formovingthe carriagesito effect relative. traverses between these instrumentalie ties taken. in. pairs, comprisinga train of mechanism connecting" the carriages, and constructed and arranged to transmit a ve: locity'from one to the other which is pro portional to the velocity: of one of the said relative traverses throughout the production of: a piece of work, the train comprising a member having, when thefactor of the said proportionality'is different from unity, .a. movement proportional to. the said factor and independent of the movement mad e'by the member when the saidfactor is unity.

18. In a machineof the classdescribed, model holdingand model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities two carriages, each. carryingoneainstrumentality" of: each pair, means for moving the: carriages to eifeotn-elative traverses between these instrumentalities takeni'n pairs, comprising a connection between the carriagesconstructed: and ar 'anged to transmit themovement of one. to the other, and meansfor operatingthe. con nection to add algebraically. tosuch trans.- mitted movement a constant proportion of itself during the production. of a piece of work;

19. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing;

instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality ofeach pair, means for moving the carriages-to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprisinga train ofmechanismq connecting, the carriages constructed and arranged to transmit thenio'vefment-of one carriage to the other, and means for imparting independent niovementto. a member of said train, the train beingconstruct ed and arranged to transmit this; movementalso, unchangediin a1nount ,t0 theother carriage;

20. In amachine of the class described, modelholding and model following instrumental-ities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a train of mechanism connecting the carriages, and means for imparting independent movement to a member of the train proportional to the movement imparted to the system by the first said means, the train being constructed and arranged to transmit this movement, unchanged in amount, to one of the car riages.

21. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a train of mecha- 'nism connecting the carriages, means for imparting independent movement to a member of the train proportional to the movement imparted to the system by the first said means, the train being constructed and arranged to transmit a constant proportion of this movement to one of the carriages during the production of a piece of work.

22. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, and means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a connecting mechanism between the carriages, hav ing a member constructed and arranged for movement independent of the movement communicated to the carriages by the said means, to alter the effective length of the connecting mechanism at a rate proportional to the movement communicated to the carriages by the said means.

23. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one inst-rumcntality of each pair, and means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a connecting mechanism between the carriages having a member constructed and arranged for movement transverse to the line of action of the mechanism to alter the effective length of the mechanism.

24. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model. following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, and means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a connecting i'nechanis'm between the carriages having a member constructed and arranged for movement transverse to the line of action of the mechanism to alter the effective length of the mechanism at a rate proportional to the movement communicated to the carriages by the said means.

25. I11 a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, means formoving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumcntalities taken in pairs, comprising a connecting mechanism between the carriages having a member constructed and arranged for movement transverse to the line of action of the mechanism to alter the effective length of the mechanism, and means for imparting to the member a velocity proportional to the velocity of one of the said relative traverses.

26. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, and means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a connecting mechanism between the carriages, having a member constructed and arranged for rectilinear movement independent of the movement communicated to the carriages by the said means, to alter the effective length of the connecting mechanism at a rate proportional to the movement communicated to the carriages by the said means.

27. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, and means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a connecting mechanism between the carriages having a member constructed and arranged for rectilinear movement relative to the line of action of the mechanism to alter the effective length of the mechanism.

28. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, and means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a connecting mechanism between the carriages having a member constructed and arranged for rectilinear movement transverse to the line of action of the mechanism to alter the efmechanism between the carriages having a member constructed and arrangedfor rectilinear; movement transverse to the line of action of the mechanism to alter the effective 15 length of the mechanism, and means for imparting to the member a velocity propor' tional to,the velocity of one of the said relative traverses.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

FRANK S. BUCK.

fective length of the mechanism at a rate proportional to the movement communicated to the carriages by the said means.

29. In a machine of the class described, model holding and model following instrumentalities; Work holding and reproducing instrumentalities; two carriages, each carrying one instrumentality of each pair, means for moving the carriages to effect relative traverses between these instrumentalities taken in pairs, comprising a connecting Gdpiesofthis patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, DJ 0.,

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