US1300615A - Liquid-atomizer. - Google Patents

Description

0. J. IRISH. uoum ATOMIZER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 22| I915. 1,300,,615 Patented Apr. 15, 1919.,

INVENTOR.

#14 A TTORNE ys.

DAVID J. IRISH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE BAIBCOCK & WILCOX lJOMPAN Y,

015 BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

' LIQUID-ATOMIIZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 22, 1915. Serial No. 62,683.

. of atomizers the liquid fuel has flowed through the same general passageway or channel to the tip or outlet, and in some cases this general channel has been varied in size by a throttling device which gradually reduces or increases the size of the supply channel, thus gradually changing the Ca pacityr In such previous .atomizers considerable skill'has been required in careful manipulationof the throttling device to give the desired capacity.

My present invention is designed to do away with this need for special care in manipulation of the control device, and to provide means for obtaining a plurality of different capacities without requiring this careful adjustment.

In carrying out my invention I provide two or more separate general flow channels together with a means for cutting off one of these general channels, and preferably at the same time opening the other general supply channel so that two or more different fixed capacities maybe provided. The operator without need of careful adjustment may simply change the position of the control device and thus change the capacity from one fixed amount to another fixed amount. In this way one position may be used for a forced draft where a larger ca pacity is desired, while in the other position natural draft may-be used where the smaller capacity is desired.

The invention will be understood'by reference to the accompanying draw ngs in which Figure 1 is a central longitudmal section, broken away and certain parts in elevation; Figs. 2 and 3 a central section and end view, respectively, of the nozzle of Fig.

1; Figs. 1 and v5 a section and plan view, re-

spectively, of the washer or diskhaving tangential slots, of Fig. 1; Figs. Sand 7 a side section and end view, respect1vely, of

the'outer or primary tip of Fig. 1; Figs. 8

and 9 a side section and an end section, respectively, through the tangential ducts of the inner or secondary tip of Fig. 1; and Fig. 10 a side view of the spindle to which the internal tip is attached. Similar reference numerals indicate similar parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates a suitable form of connecting body having a threaded opening 2 to which an oil supply pipe may be attached. This connecting body has one end closed by a cap 3 and contains a cylindrical oil strainer 4. To the other end of the connecting body is secured a hollow barrel 5, the forward end of which is threaded, and has attached thereto a nozzle 6, which may be made to.

bear against a shoulder on the barrel 5 formed by reducing the end of the latter, as shown in the drawings. Through the center of the nozzle a hole 7 is drilled, and a part thereof threaded to receive the threaded end of a spindle 8. Around the central hole 7, and parallel with it, are drilled four passages 9 which terminate in an annular channel 10 turned out of the face of the nozzle. The outer end of the nozzle 6 is externally threaded at 11, and over said end is screwed the primary tip 12. The latter is in the form of a hollow cylinder with an end wall having on its inner side, and centrally located, a conical chamber 13 (Fig. 6). The apex of said chamber terminates a short distance from the outside of the end wall of the tip to permit of the drilling of a discharge orifice 14. Seated against the forward end of nozzle 6 is a disk 15, said disk, when the tip 12 is screwed home being clamped firmly between the tip and the nozzle. The disk 15'is formed with a central opening 16, of greater diameter than the base of the conical chamber 13, and also Patented Apr. 15, 11919.

engage the threaded portion of the hole 7 in nozzle 6, and a reduced threaded section 22 over which is screwed the secondary tip 23. The latter is formed with a conical end 24 (Fig. 8) adapted to bear against the wall 10 of the conical chamber 13 (Fig. 6) of the primary tip. The body of tip 23 is of less diameter than the opening 16 in the disk 15,

' so that when the atomizer is assembled there will be a space 25 between the wall of open- 15 ing 16 and tip 23, as shown in Fig. 1.

Drilled through the wall of tip 23 at the base of the central conical chamber 26 therein are two ducts 27 tangential to the wall of said chamber, said ducts, when the parts are in the position indicated in Fig. '1, communicating with the opening 16 in disk 15. The tip 23 is also formed with a discharge orifice 28 of less diameter than the diameter of the discharge orifice14 of the primary tip.

The operation of the atomizer above described is as follows: When the device is to be used with natural draft, the spindle 8 is turned so that the secondary tip 23 will be 30 forced tight against the wall of the conical chamber 13 of the primary tip. Oil under pressure being admitted through the connection 2, flows through the strainer 4, then along the bore of barrel 5, through the pas-' sages 9 to channel 10, through ducts 17 into opening 16 and thence through the tangential ducts 27 into chamber 26 where it is given a rapid whirling motion, and escapes through the alined discharge orifices 28 and 4 14 in a thoroughly atomized condition.

If to be used with forced draft, the spindle 8 is so turned as to move the secondary tip 23 away from the face of recess 13, so that the ducts 27 will be closed by being moved opposite the wall of opening 7 of the nozzle 6, and thereby preventing the escape of oil through the ducts 27 into the chamber 26 of tip 23. The oil will now be given a whirlin motion as it leaves the tangential ducts 1 and escapes through the space between the end 24 of tip 23 and the wall of recess 13 to the discharge orifice 14. Theenlarged space for the escape of the oil around theend of'tip 23, instead of through thepassages 27 to the inside of the secondary tip, gives the necessary increase in the amount of oil for forced draft.

From the foregoing'description it willbe seen that when the secondary tip 23 is forced to its seat against the wall of conical recess 13, the capacity of the atomizer is materially reduced by reducing the oil supply and also the size of the discharge ori ce. While burners are known to the art which give both high and low capacities, they usually operate by gradually controlling the amount of oil from the minimum to the maximum through the same general channels, and consequently require very careful manipulation by the operator. The present two-capacity atomizer is designed to meet the requirements of forced draft in one case and of natural draft in the other without the necessity for special care in adjusting the parts; thus in one position the maximum fixed capacity is obtained, and in the other posi tion the fixed minimum capacity, while retaining the initial pressure of the oil at the discharge orifice and enabling the operator to change from one quantity of oil to the other without affecting the degree of atomization of the oil.

To obtain the highest efiiciency the full oilpressure should be brought as near to the tip as possible, as this enables a greater part of the available energy to be utilized in the atomization of the oil. If, for example, the pressure of the'oil is diminished by throttling, so thatthe pressure at the tip of the burner is one-half the initial pressure, the amount of available energy in the oil is onehalf what it would be with the full'pressu're, and the efiiciency of atomization is decreased through the reduction of the pressure. In the present construction the full pressure reaches the tip for a small flame as well as when the pressure is operating to produce the maximum size of flame.

Apart from the idea of'passing the oil through a smaller-orifice, which is brought into action for light loads, the form of the present burner is such that substantially the full pressure of the oil comes near to the tip over a considerable range of adjustment when the oil is flowing through a larger What I'claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A liquid atomizer comprising a nozzle having a central opening and passages for the liquid to be atomized, an outer tip fitted .over the end of said nozzle and having a central chamber and an open discharge orifice, an inner tip having a central chamber and an open discharge orifice, ducts in the wall of said inner tip to admit the liquid from the nozzle passages, a spindle to which the inner tip is directly connected, and means for operating said, spindle to seat the tip carried thereby in the central chamber of the outer tip to thereby cause. the. liquid to enter the inner tip and to be discharged therefrom, or to unseat said inner tip to permit the liquid to enter the chamber of the outer tip andto be discharged therefrom. I 2. A liquid atomizer comprising a nozzle having acentral opening and longitudinal passages terminating in an annular channel in the face thereof, an outer tip fitted over the end of said nozzle and having a central 13 chamber and an open discharge orifice, an inner tip having a central chamber and an open discharge orifice,-ducts in the wall of said inner tip and tangential to the wall of its central chamber, said ducts admitting the liquid from the nozzle passages, a spindle to which the inner tip is connected, and means for operating said spindle to seat the tip carried thereby in the central chamber of the outer tip to thereby cause the liquid to enter the inner tip and to be discharged therefrom, or to unseat said inner tip to permit the liquid to enter the chamber of the outer tip and to be discharged therefrom.

3. A liquid atomizer comprising a nozzle having a central opening and passages for the liquid to be atomized, said passages terminating in an-annular channel in the face of the nozzle, an outer tip fitted over the end of said nozzle'and having a central chamber and an open discharge orifice, a disk having a central openingand adapted to be clamped between the outer'tip and the and means for operating said spindle to seat the tip carried thereby in the central chamber of the outer tip to thereby cause the liquid to enter the inner tip and. to be discharged therefrom, or to unseat said inner tip to permit the liquid to enter the chamber fof the outer tip and to besdischarged therefrom. I

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DAVID J. IRISH. Witnesses:

EDWARD A. BANQN, JOHN H. CRoNAN.

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