US1300548A - Still. - Google Patents

Description

A. A. ASHWORTII.

STILL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2. ISIS. 1,300,548.. Patented A p1. 15,1919,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. A. Asuwomm STILL.

APPLlcMxoN FILED MARA. Isls.

Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

-mmmlm A. 'A. ASHWOHTH.

SULL.

APPLICATION mw MAR.2.191B.

l ,$300,548. v Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

4 SHEETSw-SHEET 4.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR ALAN ASHWORTH, 0F COFFEYVILLE, KANSAS.

STILL.

Application filed March 2, 1918.

To all whom, it may oom/wn lle it known that I, ARTHUR ALAN ASH- wou'ru, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Coifeyville, 1n the county of Montgomery and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stills, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus, adapt` ed to distil or crack heavy oils, while not necessarily restricted to this use.

An important object of the invention is to provide means for rotating the body of oil within a stationary tube, for providing a continuous annular coating of Oil upon the inner surface ofthe tube, whereby the tube may be heated to u high temperature, without liability of the same being injured.

A further object of the invention is to provide means to rotate the body of oil, to throw the same outwardly by centrifugal force, to forni the annular coating of the tube and at the same time serving as effective scraping means to remove all particles of carbon Which may tend to deposit upon the interior of the tube.

A further object of the invention is to provide apparatus of the above mentioned character, which is continuous in operation, the body of oil feeding longitudinally through the tube, together with the distillate.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings formin a part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional View taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 5, parts being shown in elevation,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a similar view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1, v

Fig. 4 is a similar view taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 1, y y

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the distilling tube Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view through the same, and

Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevation of the combmed agitating and scraping means, parte in seetlon.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 115, 19.19.

Serial No. 220,024.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the nulneral 10 designates the casing of a furnace, as a whole. This casing is provided with longitudinal partitions 11 and 12, serving to provide longitudinal chambers 13, 14 and 15, as shown. The chamber 13 is provided with a lateral eX- tension 16, into which projects the outlet end of an oil burner 17, of any Well known or preferred construction. Connected with the burner 17 is an oil supply pipe 18 and a steam supply pipe 19, as shown. The flame and products of combustion from this burner discharge into one end of the chamber 13, at n point preferably near the lower end of an inclined longitudinal Hoor or bottom 20, shown more clearly in Fig. 2. The inclined floor or bottom 2O extends upwardly toward the opposite end of the chamber 13 and is adapted to conduct the products of combustion or heated gases through a transverse opening 21, leading into one end of the chamber 14. The function of the inclined floor or bottom 20 is to provide means whereby the heated gases or products of combustion `.vill act uniformly upon the heating tube. to be described, throughout its entire length. The products of combustion, at the maximum temperature, are introduced near the lower end of the floor or bottom 20 and are thus removed from close proximity to the tube, but as these gases travel longitudinally through the chamber 13, and become slightly lowered in temperature, they approach the tube, by travelin up the inclined floor or bottom 20. As a ove stated, the opening 21 leads into one end of the chamber 14, at the upper end of a ioor or bottom 22. At the lower end of this floor or bottom, the partition 12 has an. outlet opening 23, leading into the chamber 15, at the upper end of a floor or bottom 24, as shown. At its lower end, the chamber 15 has an outlet opening`25, leading into a stack 26, as shown.

be numeral 27 designates a stationar main tube, referably horizontally arranged and extending longitudinally through the upper portion of the chamber 13, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2. This tube is spaced a slight distance from the to 28 of the chamber 13 and is therefore a a ted to be completely surrounded by the eated gases or products of combustion. Extending longitudinally throu h the main tube 27 is a preferably tubular s aft 29, arranged in @encontrie relation thereto. At the left end, in Fig. 2, the tubular shaft 29 receives a plug 30, which is rigidly' secured therein, and provided with a reduced cylindrical extension 3l, rotatable within a cylindrical recess or pocket 32, formed in a head 33. This head is secured to a coacting annular head 34, rigidly attached to the tube 27 by any suitable means. The head 33 has a gas-tight union with the tube 27. It is thus apparent that this end of the tubular shaft 29 is supported in a manner so that it is free to rotate. At the o posite end of the tube 27 is a head 35, rigid y secured to an annular head, 36, fixed to the tube 27 The head 35 forms a gastight union with the tube 27. The head 35 is equipped with a stuffing box 37 through which extends a driving shaft 38 having a pulley7 39 rigidly secured thereto. This pulley may be rotated by any suitable means. The outer end of the shaft 38 is journaled within a bearing 40, which is secured to an upright 41. The inner end of the shaft 38 is provided with an enlarged head 42, projecting into the tubular shaft 29, and rigidly cured thereto by any suitable means. Thisl head serves to drive the tubular shaft. The tubular shaft 29 is rotated in the direction of the arrows, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 6.

As more clearly shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the tubular shaft 29 carries radial rails or bars 43, secured to curved bars 44. The bars 44 conform to the curvature of the tubular shaft 29, Contact therewith, and are clamped to the tubular shaft by diagonal bolts 45. passing through openings in the bars 44 and the tube 29, as shown. The tubnla r shaft 29 and radial rails or bars 43 form a portion of combined agitating and scraping apparatus. The numeral 46 designates scraping cleinents, as a whole. and each scrapii'ig element embodies a pair of blades 47, which are radially dis osed with respect to the wall of the tube 2 and at substantially a right angle thereto. The outer faces 48 of the blades 47 are machined to lit the curvature of the tube 27, and provide scraping or cutting edges 49. Disposed at the opposite ends of the blades 47 are transverse bridges 50, preferably cast integral therewith. These bridges are provided centrally thereof with radial openings or slots 51, to receive the radial rails or bars 43. Attention is called to the fact that the openings or slots 51 are slightly larger than the radial bars 43, and thereby permit of the restricted movement of the scraping elements with respect thereto, so that these scrapin elements may readily conform to any slight irregularity which may be present in the Wall of the tube 27. As more clearly shown in Figs. 2 and `8, the scrspin elements 46 are arranged in end. to en re ation, and contact with each At each end of the radial rails 43, are transverse pins 52, extending through openings therein, and arranged to contact with the end scraping elements, thereby preventing longitudinal displacement of the scraping elements. As the two sets of scrapingI elements are bodily rotated they are thrown outwardly into proper contact with the tube 27 by centrifugal force.

is more clearly shown in Figs. l, 3, f1 and 5, preheating tubes 53 and 54 extend longitudinally within the chambers 14 and 15 re spectively. At the right end of the prehcating tube 54 (see Fig. 4) is an oil supply pipe 55, connected therewith by means of a coupling 56. The pipe 55 leads to a pump (not shown). At the opposite end of the preheating tube 54 (see Fig. l.) is a transverse pipe 57, connected therewith by a coupling 58. The pipe 57 is connected with the corrcspoinling end of the preheating tube 53 by a coupling 58. The opposite end of the incheating tube 53 has connection with a transverse pipe 59. through the medium of a coupling 60. The pipe 59 lun a cut off valve 61 connected therein, as sl'iown. The pipe 59, as more clearly shown in Fig. 2. passes through an opening 60 in the head 35, and discharges into the tube 27, to feed the heavy oil into the same.

Arranged near the opposite end of the tube 27 are 'vertical closed tanks 6l and 62. The tank 62 has connection with a pipe 63, discharging therein. This pipe 63 (see Fig. 6) passes through an opening 64 formed in 'the head 33.` and discharges into the tube 27 at a point near and spaced from the wall of the tube. The opening 64 is also ai ranged beneath the center of the tube 27 but spaced a substantial distance above the lowerniost portion thereof. The location of the opening 64 determines the maximum level of the oil within the tube, when the combined agitating and scraping means is inactive, and also determines the thickness of the annular coverin of oil, formed upon the inner surface of t e tube 27, When the combined scraping and agitating means is active. The location of the opening 64 is considered important. The head 33 is also provided with an opening 65, leading into the tube 27, at the lowermost portion thereof. The opening G5 receives a drain pipe 66, equipped with a cut off valve 67.

At its upper end the tank 62 has connection with an outlet pipe 68, for the escape of the products of distillation, and this pipe leads to a suitable condenser (not shown). At its lower end the tank 62 has connection with a pipe 69 having a cut off Valve 70 conv CII hasa out eti valve 75, connected therein. A. pressure gage To is connected with the tank 61, as shown.

The operation of' the apparatus isy as follows:

The heavy oils` to be distilled or cracked, or both, are ted through' the pipe 5.5-, from the pump, and passes through the'preheating tubes 54 and 53, Iand discharges into the tree end of the tube 27, at the right end thereof, in Fig. Q. Under Working' conditions, l preferably maintain the pressure in the tube Q7 at approximately 80`to 90pounds to the square inch. The oil burner 17 is now operatin `and the heatedg ases or products of com ustion discharging into the chamber 13. Then entering the chamber 13. these products ot' combustion or heated gases have a high temperature and the burner is preferably operated so that the tube QT is heated and maintained at a temperature of R00 to S50 F.. thereby subjecting the oils therein to :aibstautially the same temperature. Vhile thus beingheated, the combined sraping and agitatiug means including the sciv-iping elements (il. are rotating in the direction oi the arrow and preferably at a rate ot T5 revolutions per minute, While this speed may be varied as found advantageous. lt` is however essential to rotate the coinbined scraping and agitating means at a suitably high speed. to cause the oil Within the tube 27 to be thrown outwardly by centrifugal torce and form an annular covering :"or the entire inner surface oi the tube 27. This is highly important as it prevents overheating o portions of the tube. and the torniation ot carbon deposits. The scraping means. ifi thrown ont by ientrifugal force and iliroperly contacts with the inner side of the tube "RT, therel 3 removing all particles of deposited carbon. This deposited carbon, when removed, is more or less pulverizedand be olncs mixed with the heavy oils, or residue, ceinitained within thc tube 27. The product-1 oit distillation and the residue discharge together through the pipe 63. The prod uets of distillation descend through the ta al: 62 and pass through the pi e 68 to the 1 ondenser while the residue is col ectedwitliin the tank 62. lt is thus apparent that the entire mass Within the pipe 27, travels longitudinally thereof toward the discharge tank 69, and the extent of this travel is rontrolled by controlling the feed of' the oil through the pipe 55. It is thus apparent that the profess of distillation or cracking may be carried on continuously Without topping the apparatus to remove the residue or f arbon deposit, as the carbon de osit, in a finely divided or pulverized condition, is held suspended in the residue, and dislanges through the pipe 63, as above stated.

When' a sutil-inrit amount of the residue has arcumulated within the tank 62, the valve is" opened, and such residue being under pressure within the tank (52, to Wit,` 8O to 90 'pounds to the square inc-h, is forced into the tank Gif, which is at atmospheric pressure. itfer thisl operation, the valve 70is closed and the valve 71 may be opened. thus allowing the residue to par'ssby` gna nity or the like, to the residue tank. li it should be nocessa-ry to exert pressure upon the upper portion ot the mass Within the tank G1. to torce the saine therethrough, pressure may be obtained by opening the valve 75.

Tt is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size, andarrangement o l: parts may be resorted to without. departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope oiE the subjoi ned claims.

Having thus described my invention. I t laiin l. In apparatus` oi' the characterdescribed. a beating chamber, a stationary tube extending longitudinallyv therein. members ronnected with the opposite ends of the tube with one member provided with an outlet: openin yarranged near and spaced radially from tie inner surface of the tube for deining the thickness of the annular coating of oil within the tube, mea-ns for introducing oil or the like into the opposite end portion of the tube, and rotatable means disposed Within the stationary tube for rotating the oil at a suitable speed to cause the saine to more outwardly by centrifugal torct` and form the annular coating within the tube.

2. In apparatus of the character described, a heating chamber, a stationary tube extending longitudinally therein. members connected with the opposite ends of the tube with one member provided with an outlet opening arranged near and spaced radially from the inner surface of the tube for defining the thickness of an annular coating of oil or the like Within the tube, means for introducing oil or the like into the opposite endportion ofthe tube, combined agitating and scraping elements disposed Within the tube and adapted to impart a rotary motion to the oil, and means to rotate said elements' at a suitable speed to cause the oil to move outwardly by centrifugal force and form the annular coating.

3. In apparatus of the character described, a stationary tube, means for surrounding the tube with a heating medium, means for supplying oil into oneend portion of the tube, a head connected With the oppo-` site end portion of the tube and having an outlet opening arranged near and spaced radially from the side portion of the tube for a greater distance and spaced from the bottom portion of the tube, means for receiving material passing through the outlet opening, combined scraping and agittmg means arranged Within the tube and adapted t0 impart a rotary movement to the oil, and means to rotate the combined scraping and agitating means toward the upper portion of the outlet opening and at a suiiiciently high speed to form an annular coating of the oil within the tube.

4. In apparatus of the character described, an approximately horizontal heating tube, means to feed oil into one end portion thereof, means to heat the tube, a rotary combined scraping and agitating device arranged in the tube and adapted to be acted upon by centrifugal force to move outwardly in contact with the inner wall of the tube, means to rotate the device so that it revolves the oil at a suitable speed to form an annular coating ot the same in the tube, and outlet means for the oil near the other end of the tube serving to define the thickness of the annular coating.

5. In apparatus of the character described, a relatively stationary tube, means to supply oil into the tube. means to rotate the oil so that it forms an annular coating within the tube. means for heating the tube, and means permanently open during the operation of the apparatus for withdrawing the residue and distillate from the tube at a point within the annular coating, said withdrawing means being arranged inwardly of and spaced radially from the inner surface of the stationary tube to define the thickness of the coating of oil within said stationary tube.

6. In apparatus of the character described, a relatively stationary tube, means to heat the tube, means to supply oil into one end portion of the tube, combined agitating and scraping means disposed within the tube, means to rotate the combined agitating and scraping means at a speed to cause the oil to form an annular coating within the tube, and means for withdrawing the residue and distillate from the opposite end portion of the tube at a point within the annular coating, said withdrawing means being arranged inwardly of and spaced from the inner surface of the stationary tube to define the thickness of the coating of oil within the stationary tube.

7 In apparatus of the character described, a relatively stationary tube having a substantial length, heads connected with the opposite ends of the tube, means for supplying a heating medium to the exterior oi the tube, a valve controlled oil feeding pi e leading into one end of the tube, an out et pipe passing through the head at the opposite end of the tube and arranged inwardly of and near and spaced radially from the periphery of the tube for defining the thickness of the coating of oil within the tube, said outlet pipe remaining Iuumauently open during the operation of the apparatus, a receiving apparatus connected with the outlet pipe, and a combined agitating and scraping device extending longitudinally Within the tube and adapted to be rotated therein, said device being adapted to impart a rotary movement to the oil to form an annular coating \vithin the tube.

8. In apparatus of the character described. a relatively stationary substantially horizontal tube having a substantial length, closing means connected with the opposite ends of the tube, a valve controlled oil feeding pipe leading into one end of the tube. an outlet pipe passing through the closing means at the opposite end of the tube and arranged inwardly of and near and spaced radially from the inner surface of the tube for defining the thickness of the coating of oil within the tube, said outlet pipe remaining permanently open during the operation of the apparatus, apparatus connected with the outlet pipe and adapted to separate the gaseous and liquid products passing through the outlet pipe, a rotatable agitating dev1ce extendin longitudinally within the tube, said device bein adapted to impart a rotary motion to t e oil to form an annular covering within the tube, and means to heat the tube.

9. In apparatus of the character described, a heating tube, means to feed oil or the like into the tube, means to heat the tube, a rotary agitating device arranged in the tube, means to rotate the device so that it revolves the oil at a suitable speed to form an annular coatin of the same in the tube, and outlet means or the oil serving to define the thickness of the annular coating.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

ARTHUR ALAN ASHWORTH.

Witnesses N. C. IRVINE, L. H. JAGKMAN.

Copies o! this patent may be obtained for uve cents each, by lddressing the Gommissioner et Patents, Washington, D. U.

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