US1294605A

US1294605A - Marine projectile.

Info

Publication number: US1294605A
Application number: US22410718A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hans Gustav Berentsen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1918-03-23
Filing date: 1918-03-23
Publication date: 1919-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 1936-02-18

Description

' H. e. BERENTSEN.

MARINE PROJECTILE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23. 1918.

Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

3 $HEETS-SHEET I.

A TTOR/VEY H. G. BERENTSEN. MARINE PROHZCTILE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23. 1918.

1,294,605. Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

'3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WMM QL SW A TTOR/VEY H. G. BEREN-TSEN. MARINE PROJECTILE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23. I918- 1,294,605. Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

3 SHEETSSHEEI 3.

ATENT OFFICE.

HANS GUSTAV BEBENTSEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y-

MARINE PROJECTILE.

Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

Continuation in part of application Serial No. 202,932, filed November 20, 1917. This application filed March 23, 1918. Serial No. 224,107.

I '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HANS GUSTAV BERENT- SEN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Marine Projectiles, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention relates to shells and other projectiles and it has special reference to such as are adapted for marine warfare.

One object of my invention is to provide a shell that shall be adapted for use against submerged bodies such as submarines or in operating against mine fields.

Another object of myinvention is to provide a shell having means adapted to materially influence the trajectory of the shell when it strikes the surface of the water, whereby the natural tendency of the shell to ricochet will be abrogated and furthermore the shell directed in a new but predetermined course under the Water.

Another object of my invention is to provide a projectile having a screw member adapted to cause it to enter the water when it strikes the surface thereof together with means located or extending back of the center of gravity of the projectile for deflecting its tra ectory and causing it to dive as soon as it enters the water.

Another object is to provide an attachment for projectiles which may be arranged tobe picked up as the projectile leaves the gun and shall be adapted to deflect the shell as it enters the water.

In attacking-a submarine, submerged mine or the like, if an ordinary shell is used it ricochets and "s not effective unless it strikes the water at a large angle. If a. shell having screw blades or a specially formed point of some other kind is used it will either tumble end over end when it strikes the Water or will continue in its course in the water.

Projectiles of this kind are not very effective against a submerged body because the attacking gunner has, as a target, a penscope of a swirling water pool which shows on the surface the approximate location of the submerged body and if he hits the mark on the surface, the projectile will pass harmlessly above the submerged body.

According to my invention the projectile is provided with means for causing it to dive as soon as it hits the water and cons'equently if the gunner hits the surface over the submarine the diving projectile will explode near the submerged body if properly timed.

Incertain embodiments of my invention I provide in addition to the deflecting means or unlted with it, means such as a screw for causing the rotating projectile to enter the water easily.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will be set forth hereinafter and I will now proceed to describe the same in' the following specification and then point out the novel, features thereof in appended claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is'a longitudinal sectional View of a projectile constituting one embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and 4 are views corresponding respectively to Figs. 1 and 2 of another embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 5' is a partially sectional view of a gun, in which another form of projectile embodying my invention is disposed.

A projectile having a deflecting attachment in addition to a screw formation at the point is shown in partial longitudinal section in Fig. 6 and in transverse section in Fig. 7.

Figs. 8 and 9 are views corresponding to Figs. 6 and 7 showing another embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 10 shows a gun together with a support for holding the attachment of Figs. 8 and 9 in position at the muzzle of the gun.

Figs. 11 and 12 are partially diagrammatic elevations showing the trajectory of the projectiles of Figs. 6 and 8 and illustrating the manner in which they operate as they strike the water and continue therein.

Special reference may first be had to Figs. 1 and 2 in which 10 designates a shell having a hollow body 11 adapted to contain a suitable charge of explosive 12, and a point or head 13. The hollow body has a cylindrical portion 14: provided with bands 15 to coand has water passage 20 leading to a fuse plug 21.

The shoulder 17 serves to deflect the shell and causes it to dive as it strikes the surface of the water, the screw blades 18 being adapted to prevent ricochetting.

The conical portion 16 may be a part of the head and be joined to the cylindrical body as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 in which corresponding parts are designated by the same reference characters. In this arrangement the water passage to the fuse is axially arranged and extends to the nose of the shell. 7 The shell may. be formed as shown in Fig. 5 and comprise a screw or propeller portion having blades 22 helically formed like the blades 18 of the previous figures, but located near the trailing end of the shell and joined by a connective deflecting ring 23. If the propeller portion is permanently attached to or forms a part of the shell a special gun such as 24 with a large bore must be used. In this arrangement a light cylindrical follower 25 is interposed be- ,tween the shell and the explosive charge of the gun. When the gun is fired the shell is forced out at the usual high velocity and the follower 25, being light will drop harmlessly into the water at a relatively short distance from the ship on which the gun is mounted. The ring has a band 26 which engages the rifling of the gun and causes the shell to rotate in the usual manner.

Instead of forming the shell as in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, a shell of usual shape and size may be provided as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 with screw blades 28 at the point and have a deflecting collar 29 mounted in position to be picked up by the shell as it leaves the gun (see Fig. 10 for example).

The collar 29 comprises a hub 30 which fits into the shell and a flange 31 which extends outwardly and backwardly behind the center of gravity of the shell.

- Referring to Figs. 8 and 9, 32 designates a shell of well-known construction, which is provided with a deflector attachment 33. This attachment comprises a hub 34, which fits on to the shell, a plurality of screw propeller blades 35 and deflector ring 36. This structure is similar to that of Fig. 5, but

the shell is adapted to be discharged from an ordinary gun, and the attachment which combines the functions of deflector and The attachment of Figs. 8 and 9 offers much less resistance to flight through the air than that shown' in Fig. 6, because the blades 35 are helically formed so that they cut a path, due to the rotation of the shell. The ring 36 serves to cause the shell to dive as it strikes the surface of the water.

Furthermore, the blades offer small resistance to the movement of the shell in the water, and consequently this form of attachment is particularly well adapted for shooting bodies submerged to a considerable depth below the surface of the water, as yell as for those which are nearer the surace.

Either of the forms of attachment shown in Figs. 6 and 8 is adapted to deflect the shell into a definite course downwardly, as it strikes the water but there will be a certain amount of drift due to the kinetic forces and this is indicated by the two sets of broken lines in Figs. 11 and 12, one set oflines indicating the theoretic projectory of the shell'in the water, and the other the actual projectory.

Fig. 11 clearly indicates the operation of a shell such as that shown in Fig. 6 as it strikes the surface, and Fig. 12 similarly illustrates the action of a shell such as that shown either in Figs. 8 and 9, or that shown in Fig. 5.

The action of the shells of Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive is similar and the drawings servev to illustrate the action of any embodiment of my invention having a rigid deflector which is effective back of the center of gravity of the shell, or having such a deflector in combination with a screw portion which materially assists in overcoming the tendency ofthe shell to ricochet.

Any suitable means may be used to support the attachments at the muzzle of the gun, for example. A yoke 38 may be provided as shown in Fig. 10 with a segmental clamping ring 39 which is adapted to be bolted to the gun. The yoke comprises an annular carrier 40 into which the attachment is loosely fitted against a stop projection 41.- A spring clip 42 holds the attachment in place until it is picked up by the shell as it leaves the gun.

This application is a continuation in part of my application Ser. #202932 filed Novem .ber the 20th, 1917, claims covering all the ports as a separate species are bein retained 'in my copending application a ve referred to.

What I claim is:

1. A marine projectile comprising 'a cylindrical body portion adapted to fit the bore of a gun, a tapering leading portion connected to the cylindrical body portion and forming therewith an annular deflecting shoulder back of the center of gravity of the shell.

2. A marine projectile comprising a cylindrical body portion adapted to fit the bore of a gun, a" tapering leading portion connected to the cylindrical body portion and forming therewith an annular deflecting shoulder back of the center of gravity of the shell, and a screw or propeller member for causing the shell to enter the water.

3. A marine projectile comprising a cylindrical body portion adapted to fit the bore of a gun, a tapering leading portion connected to the cylindrical body portion and forming therewith an annular deflecting shoulder back of the center of gravity of the shell, and propeller blades. at the point.

4. A marine deflector for shells comprising rigid means which is effective behind the center of gravity of the shell for deflecting the course of the shell when it strikes the surface of the water.

5. A marine deflector for shells comprising a hub adapted to fit the shell, and rigid means which is effective behind the center of gravity of the shell for deflecting the course of the shell when it strikes the surface of the water.

6. A marine collar for shells comprising a hub adapted to fit the shell, and a rigid deflector extending outwardly from the hub, behind the center of gravity of the shell.

' 7. A marine collar for shells comprising a hub adapted to fit the shell, and a rigid flange extending outwardly behind the center of gravity of the shell for deflecting the course of the shell when it strikes the surface of the water.

8. A marine collar for shells comprising a hub adapted to fit the shell, and a symmetrical flange extending outwardly and backwardly behind the center of gravity of the shell from the hub for deflecting the course of the shell when it strikes the surface of the water.

9. A marine projectile comprising a shell *and means extending back of the center of gravity of the shell and attached thereto for effecting a predetermined deflection of the trajectory when the shell strikes the surface of the water at an angle to the surface thereof.

10. A marine projectile comprising a shell, and means extending back of the center of gravity of the shel for effecting a predetermined deflection of the trajectory when the shell strikes the surface of the water at an angle to the surface thereof.

11. A marine projectile comprising a shell adapted to be discharged from a rifle, having a screw member arranged to cause the rotating shell to enter the water and means back of the center of gravity for deflecting the projectile to a predetermined course in the water.

12. A marine projectile having a portion adapted to engage the rifling of the gun, a screw portion adapted to cause the projectile to enter the water when it strikes the surface thereof, and means back of the center of gravity for deflecting the projectile to a predetermined course.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 22nd day of March, 1918.

HANS GUSTAV BERENTSEN.