US1292568A - Tunnel-kiln. - Google Patents

Description

G. H. BENJAMIN.

TUNNEL KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-8.1918.

Patented Jan. 28,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- 6 5 22 //l I a I I I 7 "f, 7 1 25 INVEWTOR.

e. H. BENJAMIN TUNNEL KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 8,19l8.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIGS.

w W m M a Q 3 firm. J E. M| P F 5 HOME 1 3. V m w 7 2 1 00 m w 5 8 U v md 3 Z I W \\uw 4 m 05 w 3 w 9 4 I v E v w M A ,Wl kfl r \.l l, vn\/ w m w w, a 5 1 a U W u w d 7 2 n \v\, 00. 3. 3:3 MQ W M1 3 V 3 r UNITED STATES P TE T OFFICE.

enon'en 111mm BENJAMIN, or imwironx, N. Y.

TUNNEL-mu.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE BEN- JAMIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new andnseful Improvements Tunnel-Kilns,

- of which the following isa specification.

In a companion application, Serial No.

' 169,865 filed May 21-, 1917, I have described an improvement in tunnel kilns, in which the heat effects are due to heat radiated from a series of combustion chambers (in which gas and air are burned) located within the body of the kiln, and theair heated to a high temperature by means of hot blast stoves arranged exterior to the'kiln. z

My present invention consists in a moat fied construction, wherein 1n place of the combustion chambers located within the kiln, a single combustion chamber is located exterior to the inner wall of the kiln and heated by gas and air, and the heat from said inner wall radiated intol-the. body of the kiln, and air heated by hot blast stoves,

as in myformer-application above referred to, introduced into, the bodyof the kiln.

The particular advantage of the construc-- tion shown in my present application, over that shown in my former application, is found the facttha't my improved eonstruction permits of more rapid and effective revolutionofthe heatjunits by combustion of the gas and air, than is the case with the construction-of my former application, as well as other advantages, which ,will bereferred to in the specification."

i -The accompanying drawings will serve to illustrate 'my invention, in which:

Figure 1 is a transverse section taken substantially'on the 1ii1e'I-I of Fig. 3.

Fig. '2 is a longitudinal vertical section taken substantially on the line 11-11 of Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectiontaken substantially on the line.III-III of Fig 2.

.Fig. 4 is a'vertical'section taken substan tially on the line IV'IV of Fig. 3.

f In the drawings, 5 indicates the body of the kiln,.which is composed of the outer wall 6 and thejnner wall 17. Acombustion chamber -8 is provided between the'walls 6 and 7, such chamber being snfiiciently large topermit free radiation of flame from the 1 gas andair burners 9. Situated in the hot- 10,v loosely piled, so as to provide air spaces tom of the chamber 8, are masses of brick mass of brick 10-isshown as arranged at an angle to the wall-[7 and in .frontof the orifice 12 of the gas and air burners9.

" In the operationofjthe kiln, a stream of gas'and air, ignlted, is-driven on the mass of brick. Under normal conditions the combust on of the gas and air at the burner orifice 1s instantaneous, and all the heat units .are liberated at once, at. which time the heated mass ofbrick 10 has no particular but only partial combustion, the stream carrying the excess of carbono'n to; the'briok' work 10,"wher e it is disassociated, tobe a1- most immediately burned in the upper-pop tion of the chamber 8. In-order to obtain Specification of Letters Patent. 'P t t 23, 191 Application filed January 8, 1918. Serial No. 216,897. i

11 between the brick. In the drawings this v eifect. .If, however, the proper proportions of gas and air introduced at the burner 9,

instantaneous combustion, it is necessary that the chamber 8'shall be sufliciently'large to permit free evolution of the flame-due to the combustion of the elements contained in the introduced gas and air. I make theabove explanation, as it is ,notpossible to show, in-

The gas and, air burners 9 are situated atthe drawings, the parts, by size, which will:- indicate the results which are to be obtained.

equal distances apart along the chamber 8.

1314= through branch pipes 15'16.con-

on the outside of the furnace, as indicatedjn Fig. 3, and are fed from gas and air pipes trolled by valves 17-18. It will be under; stood that by reason of the arrangement of; the burners, the temperature of the treat-' 1.. ing chamber 19-can be regulated as desired?" 1 along its length.

Connected to the upper portion of the com bustion chamber 8, is a flue 20 which com-1 mnnicates with the cross fiues 21 which in i turn communicate with down 'flu'es 22 connected to one or the other of the pairs ofv hot blast stoves 23-23 or 2 l24 (as shown in Fig. 3), which stoves are in turn 'con- I? nected to chimney flue 25, the hot products of combustion serving to heat the pair of hot blast stoves at the time in circuit, in passing through them, on the way to the chimney flues '25. Two hot blast stoves 23-23 and 24-24: are arranged on each, side of the kiln. Each of these stoves consists of a combustion chamber 26 and a heating chamber 27 The down flues 22 are shown asconnected through a flue 28 to the bottom of the i I their passage.

combustion chamber 26, andthe bottom of the heating cliam'ber27 through flue 29,is

connected at one side, to the chimney flue 25, and at the other side to flues 80 arranged longitudinally on both sides of the bottom of the kiln, and having openings'31 com- I muni'cating with the interior of thetreating chamber 19 of the kiln.

Situated in the lines 29 are butterfly valves 32'. When the valves are in the position shownin Fig. 3, the products of combustion from the combustion chamber 8 pass through the hot blast stoves 23'24= to the chimney flue 25, heating the heating chamber 27 by Additional 'means may be provided for. heating-the heating chamber 27, consisting of agas and air burner 33, as

indicated in dotted-lines in connection with hot blast stoves 24-'2P of Fig. 3. Connecte'd alsotothe lower part of the combustion' chamber 26,'is a flue 134 co'minuni eating with'the'external air, or Witha source of "heated air.

.Situated between the down flues 22 and the air -flue. 34,-. is a damper When the damper -is in the' position shown at the left I of "Fig. v3, the air flue 36L is closed; When the damper 35 is inlt'he position shown at the.

right of Fig. 3, the. passage for the products of combustion .from the down flues 22 is shown in the figure,'through.the flue 29, to

l .ofLfluesBG to" a longitudinal flue'37, closed at one end, but connected atthe'other end toi longitudinal fiue 30,'thence. through open fings 3l'tobe emitted into the chamber 19- v of the treatingchamber 19. By regulating in the interior of the kiln.

From the above it Willbe seen that-When the hotfblast stoves 23 2 are being heated by the products of combustiom'the hot blast stoves 23*--24= are simultaneously heating air introduced through the airflues 34, and are, discharging the air-so heated into the treating chamber-1,9. When the butterfly valves 32 are reversed, the operation of the pairsof .reversed-. 501

hot" blast stoves is correspondingly.

Forming a chamber l9 fconnected by means of a series the-'inlet'orifice of a pump 38.. The outlet orifice of -.the pump discharges into the at-" 'mosphere, or ifdesire'd, into a recuperator to heat the air introduced into the hot blast stovesfthrough the air flue 84. This arrangee p as it is believed that it Will be obvious to ment is obvious, and hence isnot-shown in the drawings. lounted Ion a trackway 19*,

are a series of trucks 40, on"whi ch are lo cated the materials 4:1 to be treated. The top of each truck has formed. in it an open-- part of the chamber 19, but: situated below the bottom, of the kiln, is, a.

understood. The heat due to the combustion of gas'and air and set free in the combustion chamber 8, heats the Wall 7 the heat being transmitted to the interior of the treating chamber 19. At the same time, the

. air heated by the pair of hot blast stoves,

then in operation, is transmitted into the in terior of the treating chamber 19 and passes to the top of the chamber along the Wall 7, gathering heat, and then moves downward under the action of the pump 38 through the material 41 that is to be treated, through openings 42 to flues 36 to inlet of pump and i then to outletof pump. vAs above indicated,

in order to conserve heat, the air introduced into the chamber 19 may be circulated through a r'ecuperator if desired.

It will be seen from the above description, that the heating effects are due, first, to the radiated heat from the Wall 7, and second,

to the heat conveyed by the air introduced into the'chamber 19, and that by reason of the construction, the gases of combustion do not come in contact, with the material under treatment, the'chamber 19 actingas a muffle, so far as relates to the combustion taking place in the combustion chamber '8,

and that theair introduced into the chamber 19, While serving as a medium for heating the material, also serves to absorb the moisture set free from the material under treatment,'and to convey such moisture out I stance,.the chamber can be given a comparatively .loW- temperature at the entrance end and a large body of air transmitted; the temperature can be increased at the center of the kiln and the transmitted air decreased; the temperature can be quite cut off i i i at the exit end, While-the body of air transmitted can be materially increased, and this air,.by m anipulating the hot blast stoves, v

'can-be cooler in temperature than the air admitted through the'hot'blast stoves at other portions of thelength of the kiln.

peratures, etc, along the length of the kiln,

those skilled in the art "to Which this inven? tion belongs. Having thus described my invention, what I'claim is: I

I 1. In a tunnel kiln, the combination of a 120 i I havenot entered into detailed descfip-- t'ions of the manipulations of valves", etc.,'

'the combustible bodies introduced into the treating chamber, a Combustion chamber arranged external to the treating chamber and adapted to heat the treating chamber by radiation, means for introducing gas and air llnder pressure into the combustion chamber, means situated in the combustion chamber adapted to accelerate the combustion of combustion chamber, and means for conveymg the products of combustion away from the combustion chamber.

2. In a tunnel kiln, the combination of a treating chamber, a combustion chamber ar- --3. In a tunnel kiln, the combination of a treating chamber, a combustion chamber arranged external to the treating chamber and 1,5 fradiation, means for introducing gas and adapted to heat the 'treating chamber by air into'the. combustion chamber, means for conveying the products of combustion away from the com ustion chamber, and means for-causing heatedair to pass throughthe treating chamber.

ranged external to the treating-chamber, gas and air burners projecting into the combustion chamber at. opposite sides of thetreating chamber refractory heat radiating bodies situated int-l1 .ofthe gas and air burners, and an exit flue v 1 combustion chamber;

e combustion chamber in front for the. product's-- ofcombustion from the 4. In a tunnel kiln, the combination of a' treating chamber,-a combustion chamber arrangedexternal to the treating chamber,

. combustion e amber meansforl'introducin'g gas'and air into the ,means' for conveying the products of combustion away from the fdcmbustionfchamber, air heating stoves arranged inpairs on each side .of-the kiln, means for causingthe products of combustion at one timeto pass'through one pair of "stoves and to the chimney stack, and for 7 causing air atthe same time .to pass through air delivered tothe treating chamber to pass the other pair of stoves to the interior of the kiln, together with means for, causing through and out fof the treating chamber.

(5Q In a tunnel kiln, the combination of a treating chamber, airs-of hot blast stoves arranged on each slde of the exterior of the treating chamber, ,means for heating one pair of stoves at one time, and means fOI'dII- a. troducing at the same time air into the other pair of-"previously heatedhot blast stoves and causing" said air to be delivered .into,

passed through anddrawnfrom the treating'chamber.

6. :In 'a'tunnel kiln, -the combination of -a com ustion chamber.

'eter at its lower ,into the combustion chamber, at such nected to the combustion chamber.

treating chamber, a combustion chamber arranged to include the side walls and top of the treating chamber and sufiicient in dimensions to permit the free development of'heat' ,from the gaseous fuel introduced into the combustion chamber, means for introducing combustible gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber at the lower part. thereof and at both sides of the combustion chamber, means in the combustion chamber for accelerating the combustion of the introduced gaseous .fuel and an exit flue for the products of ranged external to the treating chambeiysaid combustion chamber of greater lateral diamortlons, on each side of the treating cham er, than .at its upper portions or that part ove'r the roof of the treatlng chamber, gas and air burners projecting t1on havlng the greatest lateral diameter,

masses of heat radiating material situated in I said combustion chamber inthe parts having the greatest lateral diameter, and-an exit flue for the I products of combustion; con- 9. In a tunnel kiln of theclassdescribed,

the combination of a. treating chamber, a

heating element, hot. blast stoves arranged" on each side of the'treating chamberin supplementing the, heat imparted by the pairs, means for alternately heating the hot blast stoves in-pairs by outgoing products of combustion from the heating element, and means connected to the hot blast .stoves for products of combustion to 5 the hot blas't stoves.

-In testimony whereoflI afiix my signame, in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE HILLARD f Witnesses:

HELEN E. K'oELsoH, Lns'rnn BEARDSLEY.

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