US1291845A - Mechanical movement. - Google Patents

Description

. L. GREEN C. H. WILLIAMS.

MECHAWCAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29| |911- i PL. lrfmged Jim.. 21, MHS).

I. l.. GREEN & C. HfWILIMS.

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11,291,845. Patent-@d Jan. 21, 1919.

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MECHANICAL MVEMENT.

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T. L. GREEN @I C. H. WILLIAMS. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29. I9I7.

21,291,845. PfIIenIed Jan. 21, 1919.

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THOMAS L. GREEN AND CHARLES H. WILLIAMS, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

Application filed March 29, 1917. Serial No. 158,48.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, THOMAS L. GREEN and CHARLES H. WILLIAMS, both citizens of the United States, and residents of Indianapolis, Indiana, have invented an Improvement in Mechanical Movements, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts. l

Our invention relates to mechanical movements, and among other objects provides a mechanism whereby curvilinear motion may -be transformed to a movement of translation at a uniform rate of speed. The invention may effectively be used in connection with machines or devices wherein any substance, object or material is cut, stamped or otherwise treated while being fed through the machine or device, although the invention is not restricted to such use. While the nature of the material operated upon does not in any manner limit or determine the utility of our invention, the illustrative embodiment we have shown is particularly applicable to machines or devices for handling plastic, semi-plastic or doughlike materials such for example as 'employed in the making of bricks,tiles, biscuits, etc. This embodiment of our invention has special applicability to machines of this class wherein the plastic or semi-plastic material is longitudinally fed in a strip or sheet beneath dies or cutters arranged to act in a generally vertical direction, stamping or cutting the plastic material into desired shapes or impressing it with desired characters.

In the present art these machines group themselves into two general types: those wherein the material is fed through the machine with an intermittent step-by-step vmovement and those wherein the material is fed continuously. The present embodiment of our invention is shown applied to a machine of this class wherein longitudinally fed material is moved continuously at a constant rate through the machine and is operated upon by cutting or stamping dies acting approximately at right angles to the direction of the material, thus rendering ad- ...vantageous a corresponding longitudinal movement of these dies during their operative action to prevent relative movement between the dies and the material and the consequent smooching or untrue cutting or stamping thereof.

Various machines of this general type have been designed wherein the cutting or stamping means are arranged to be moved in the direction of the moving material durmg the cutting or stamping operation. United States Letters Patent No. 129,411 issued to William I-I. Hovey, July 16, 1872, disclose a machine of this character used in the manufacture of bricks from a strip or ribbon of plastic clay; and United States Letters Patent No. 865,461 issued to Paul S. Ward, assignor to the J. H. Day Co., of Cincinnati, Ohio, September 10, 1907 disclose a similar machine particularly adapted to cut biscuits from a strip or sheet of dough. In

' both these machines t-he cutting or stamping means are adapted to be moved in the direction of the moving plastic material during the cutting operation, the former through the use of cams whereby the cutting means are horizontally oscillated, and the latter by means of a crank motion which effects a similar result. Both the cam movement and the crank movement have disadvantages which are eliminated in the use of our invention. The crank movement disclosed in the Ward patent, for example, fails to produce a true unison of movement of the cutting or stamping dies with the movement of the constantly moving dough since a crank motion necessarily produces a constantly varying resultant. Since the dough-carrying apron disclosed by Ward moves at a constant rate, while his crank mechanism oscillates the cutting means at a varying rate, there is lack of unison between the dough movement and that ofthe cutters, rendering the Ward machine useful lonly in the production of those types of biscuits or crackers the manufacture of which does not require a real unison of movement between the cutter-head and dough-carrying apron.

Our invention, however, by departing both from the cam movement such as shown in Hovey and from the crank movement such as disclosed in Ward, produces a real and exact unison of movement between the cutting or stamping means of the machine and the constantly traveling sheet or strip of plastic or semi-plastic material upon which said means operate, as shown in the illustrative machine herein shown.

For purposes of illustration we shall describe our invention as applied to a machine particularly adapted for cutting or stamping biscuits from a sheet of dough, but its uses are obviously not limited merely thereto, and

have broader applica-tion as will be more specificallyv pointed out in the appended claims. Y

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 1s a side elevation of a portion of a biscuit machine equipped with the illustrative embodiment of our invention herein shown; Fig. 2 isla plan thereof; Fig. 8 is an end elevation; and Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the nature of the movement.

A usual endless apron for supporting and feeding a sheet of dough or other plastic material is shown by a broken line 1, the apron being arranged as usual in machines of this type to convey the material beneath cutters and embossers 8 carried by any usual apparatus such as the cross-heads mounted in the frame 5, shown adapted to oscillate about a shaft 7 journaled in bearings in a frame 9 and having fast thereon a gear 10 driven by a motor or other appropriatey means. rEhe cutter and embossed cross-heads may be vertically reciprocated by eccentrics or other connections unnecessary to be shown in detail.

Keyed upon the shaft 7 is a gear 11 arranged to mesh with and drive a gear 15 which for the purposes of the present machine is shown to have a diameter equal to that of the gear 11, although the relative diameters of gears corresponding to the gears 11 and 15 obviously might diller to suit speciic requirements. The gear 15, shown keyed upon a stud shaft 17 journaled in a boss-bearing at the end of the arm 19 is thereby bodily movable relative to the gear 11 and in this specific embodiment of our invention is adapted to be oscillated about Jthe shaft 7. Attached to the gear 15 is the pin 25 which connects said gear through the element 2]. integral with the stud shaft 2:2 which is journaled in a boss-bearing mounted in the end of the arm 23 similar to the gear-carrying arm 19 and similarly mounted on and adapted to oscillate about the shaft 7.

Journaled on the pin 25 is one end of a link 3l the opposite end of which is pivotally attached to one end of the intermediate link 33 mounted at a point between its ends on a shaft 33a journaled in bearings on the frame 9. Aty the opposite ends of the intermediate link 33 is the journal 88h where one end of the pitman 34 is pivotally attached the other end thereof being secured to the cutterframe 5.

.lf the axis of the driven gear 15 remained stationary, and the gear were rotated at an unvarying speed rate a reciprocating movement of varying speed would be communicated tothe frame 5, similar to the movement of the cutter-head disclosed in the Ward patenthitherto referred to. But we have shown keyed to the shaft 7 an eccentric of which the strap 37, through the arm 38 is connected to the intermediate rocking lever 39 fast on a shaft Ll0 journaled in bearings on the machine frame 9. Arms 39L also fast on said shaft 40, are connected by links 41 to the bosses of the oscillating arms 19 and 23 carrying the driven gear 15 and its connecting elements.

By the mechanism described the normal operation which would result from the unvarying rotation of the gear 15, were its shaft 17 stationary, is destroyed and a composite movement is imparted to the cutterframe 5. To illustrate this specific embodiment of our invention the eccentric 35 is set on its shaft 7 in a predetermined relation to the driving gear 11 so that it advances the gear 15 bodily proportionately to the speedreduction eect which the rotating gear, if centrally stationary, would produce on the reciprocating cutter, and compensating therefor, causes said cutter-head 5 to move at a uniform rate of speed over a desired portion of its path of movement. This is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 4t

wherein the orbit of the pin 25, the parts being arranged as shown, isseen to describe an irregular ellipse 43, the section a, o of which is a straight line. While the pin 25 is traversing the straight portion a, a of its orbit the cutter-frame 5 travels at uniform speed, in unison with the dough sheet being fed through the machine. During or in this period, the cutters and embossers may be arranged to sink into and rise from the plastic material, thus performing their Work at a time when there is no relative movement between them and the sheet of material eX- cept the desired vertical movement.

Having shown and described one illustrative embodiment of our invention whereby curvilinear motion .may be transformed to a movement of translation at a uniform rate of speed, and having shown this embodiment applied to a biscuit machine to demonstrate some of the advantages of our invention over crank and other movements when similarly applied,

We claim:

1. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a driving gear and a driven gear of equal diameter driven thereby, 'an eccentric, a rocking lever, and links Vconnecting said lever with. said eccentric and with said driven gear for oscillatingY the latter about the axis of the driving gear.

2. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a driving gear, a gear driven thereby, a reciprocatory element interconnected with said driven gear, and means including an eccentric for oscillating said driven gear about the aXis of said driving gear.

3. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a driving wheel, a wheel driven thereby, a rectilinearly movable element connected with said driven wheel, and means for oscillating said driven wheel about the '6. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocable element, and means for imparting a movement of translation thereto at a uniform rate of speed comprising a rotary member and means for simultaneously rotating said member about its axis and bodily movlng the same to oscillate.

7. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, and means for imparting thereto a movement at a uniform rate of speed including rotative means and means for simultaneously rotating and oscillating said rotative means.

8. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element and means for imparting thereto a movement of translation at a uniform rate of speed including a gear and means for imparting a composite movement to said gear.

9. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, and means for imparting thereto movement at a uniform rate of speed including a gear having a pin mounted thereon and means for causing said pin to move in an ellipse-like orbit.

10. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocatory element, means -for imparting thereto a movement of translation at a uniform rate of speed including a rotative element, means for rotating said element and means for moving said element bodily to compensate for speed variation eect of said rotating element.

11. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a shaft, a frame fulcrumed thereon and means for reciprocating said frame including a gear on said shaft, a gearcarrier adapted to oscillate on said shaft, a gear on said carrier meshing with said first named gear and means to oscillate said carrier.

12. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocatory element, and means for imparting thereto movement at a uniform rate of speed including a gear having a pin mounted thereon and means for causing said pin to move a substantial distance in a substantially straight line.

13. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocatory element and rotary actuating means therefor including axis shifting means for imparting thereto movement at a uniform rate of speed.

14. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a rectilinearly movable element and means for imparting thereto a movement of translation at a uniform rate of speed including rotative driving means and means for imparting a composite movement to said rotative means.

15. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element and means for imparting thereto a movement of translation at a uniform rate of speed including driving means adapted to describe curved path and means interconnected therewith to affect the curvature of said path.

16. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocating element, and means for imparting thereto movement at a uniform rate of speed including a driving gear 11, a gear 15 driven thereby, an eccentric 35 and members 38, 39 and 41 connecting said eccentric with said gear 15.

17. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocable element 3, means for actuating same including gears 11 and 15, an eccentric 35, an element 25 on said gear 15, members 38, 39 and 41 connecting said eccentric with said gear 15, and means including members 31, 33, 33b and 34 connecting said element 25 with said element 3.

18. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, a driving gear, a driven gear in mesh therewith, means for moving said driven gear relatively to said driving gear while said gears remain in mesh, and means interconnecting said movable element and said gears whereby said element may be moved in one direction at a uniform rate of speed and in another direction at a different speed.

19. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, a driving gear, a gear driven thereby, an arm connecting said movable element with said last named gear, and means intermediate said gears whereby their relative operation may be altered.

20. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, a motiontransmitting gear, an arm connection between said movable element and said transmitting gear, a driving gear arranged to drive said transmitting gear, and means for oscillating said transmitting gear about the periphery of said driving gear.

21. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, a gear, an arm connection between said element and said gear, a driving gear arranged vto drive said first named gear, and means vfor moving one of said gears relatively -to the other vWhile said gears `are finoperation to vary the driving elfiect of the one relatively to the other.

22. A mechanical movement comprising, in combination, `driving and dri-ven gears, the latter capable of bodily oscillation, an .element rotatingr with the driving gear, a inediallyT fulcrumed rocker, and links connecting opposite arms of said rocker with said element and driven gear.

23. A mechanical movement comprising, in combination, driving and driven gears,

. the latter having a movable axis, a recipro* .eatery .element operated from a point on :said driven gear, and means moving :the ail-gigs of said driven gear t0 cause Said point to travel in an orbit having ,a substantially straight position.

24. A mechanical movement comprising, in combination, driving and drveugears, a reciprocatory element operated `from `a -point 0n the latter, and means oscillating' vSai-iol driven gear to impart la uniform ,ra-te ,of speed- -to said element. Y

In testimony whereof, we ,have signed our names to this `fspeciication.

THOMAS L. GREEN. CHARLES W-ILLIAMS.

Copie@ of this; patent may vhe obtained forvnve nente each, by .addreein `the emmlaionerrer retentir,

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