US1290896A

US1290896A - Machine for grinding metal.

Info

Publication number: US1290896A
Application number: US14739217A
Authority: US
Inventors: William Le Roy Bryant
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-02-08
Filing date: 1917-02-08
Publication date: 1919-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 1936-01-14

Description

W. LE R. BRYANT. MACHINE FOR GRINDING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8, 1916. 1,290,896. Patented @11.14, 1919.

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MACHINE FOR GRINUING METAL.

l APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8. 1916. 1,290,896, Patented Jan.14,1919,

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W. LE R. BRYANT. MACHINE FOR GRINDING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8,1916. 1,290,896, Patented Ja11.14,l919.

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MACHINE FOB GRINDING METAL. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8 I9I6.

W. LE R. BRYANT.

MACmNE FOR GmNDlNG METAL.

APPLICAIION FILED IEB. 8. 1916- 1,290,896. Patented Jan. 14,1919.

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W| LL. IAM LEREIY EIRYAWT WLLIAM LE ROY BRYANT, OF SPRINGFIELD, VERMONT.

MACHINE Fon GRINDING METAL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented 1' an. 14, 1919.

Application filed-February 8.1917. Serial No. 147,392.

ing Metal, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to machines for grinding metal, and, while it is more particularly adapted for external grinding, yet there are certain features thereof which may be employed in connection with a machine for internal grinding.

The object of the invention is to secure a greater accuracy in the grinding operation by an elimination Vof the overhang of the grinding tool, thereby enabling a stiii'er and more sta'ble control, and toprovide other improvements which are hereinafter described.

In accordance with the present invention, the support for the grinding wheel is fixed upon the bed of the machine, and the work, which is held either in centers or in a chuck, is reciprocated longitudinally so as to cause the work to be'fed relatively to the grinding wheel. The diameter control is secured by mounting the .carrier for the work to swing about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, so that, while the workcarriage isv fed longitudinally, it may be also fed laterally, all in reference to the grinding wheel.

In addition to the foregoing features, the invention includes certain other features of construction and arrangement of parts resulting in a mode of operation, all as illustrated upon the accompanying drawings, described in the following specification, and particularized in the claims.

Referring *to the accompanying drawings,-

Figure 1 represents in front elevation a grinding machine embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 represents an end elevation.

Fig. 3 represents, on a larger scale, mechavnism for eifecting the cross-feed and securing the diameter control of the work. This view is substantially a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.- o

Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate a part of the mechanism for effecting the length and cross-feeds of the work.

Fig. 6 shows the gear and rack for 'feeding the pivot bar upon which the work carrier is hung.

7 illustrates partially in transverse vertical section the mechanism illustrated in Figs.4 and 6 inclusive.

Fig. 8 illustrates tail-center mechanism on the workcarriage. y

Fig. 9 represents the head-center mechanism on the work carriage.

Fig. 10 shows the head-center as being removed and a chuck inserted in its place.

Figs. 11 and l2 illustrate a work rest mounted in close proximity to the grinding wheel, past which the work may be reciprocated.

Fig. 13 illustrates in longitudinal section the tool carrier and the grinding wheel supported thereby.

Some of the details of. construction of the devices, which are incorporated in the pres' ent machine, may be found in the machine illustrated and described in Letters Patent No. 1051483, dated January 28, 1913, and reference therefore may be had to said Letters Patent for those features of construction and arrangement which are not hereinafter described with particularity.

Referring now to the drawings, the machine there illustrated isA provided with a .bed 2O supported at its end on suitable uprights 21, 22. The lbed and' its supporting uprights may be all cast in one piece if desired. Upon the bed ,is adjustably secured rigidly the tool carrier 23. Said tool carrier has bearings 231, Q32, for the spindle 24, upon which is mounted the grinding wheel 25. The spindle 24 is driven by a belt, not shown, which impartsrpower to either of two

pulleys

26, 26, on said spindle. The end of the spindle, which carries the grinding wheel Q5, is supported close to the wheel by the bearing 231, so that the Wheel is held rigidly against lateral movement under operating strains. f The carriage Q3 is preferably supported on a rearwardly projecting portion27 ofthe bed, (see Fig. 2) to which is also secured' a guard or casing 2S which partially inclo'ses the grinding wheel. The main casting of the tool carrier partially incloses a portion of the spindle and its bearings as indicated in Fig. 1. The tool carrier is adjustable horizontally in lines transverse to the bed.

The work carrier as a whole lis indicated at 30 and it is provided with

arms

31, 31,

nally ot its axis but also to oscillate about its anis. it is journaledat its ends in the separated bearings 34, 35, (see Fig. 6) in

standards

36, 37, located at the ends of the bed, or far enough apart to permit the desired maximum length feed of the work. Between the hubs 32 and the bea-rings 34, 35, there are telescopic

tubular casings

38, 38, to prevent foreign matter from reaching the journals or bearings Jfor the bar. Beyond the ends of the bearings 34, 35, there are also

tubular casings

39, 40, for the ends of the bar. Any suitable mechanism may be utilized for reciprocating the bar 33 and thereby imparting a length feed to the work which is supported upon the work carrier. In Fig. 6, l" have illustrated the end of the bar as being provided with worm rack teeth 41 with which is engaged a worm gear 42 mounted upon a Shaft 43 transverse to the axis of the bar 33. rThe shaft 43 projects forwardly and is provided with a large worin wheel 44 intermeshing with and driven by a worm 45 formed on or secured to a shait 46. As a matter of construction, the shaft 43 is mounted in a sleeve or tubular ilange 47 projecting rearwardly from the casing 48. said sleeve or ange beingr mounted in a suitable bearing or support 49 in the standard 37 of the bed. @n the extremity of the shaft 43 there is a spoked or handle wheel 50 by which the shaft 43 may be rotated by hand in either direction. The worm shaft 46 is journaled in a bracket 5l having rearwardly projecting ears 52 secured to a rock shaft supported in bearings aiorded by the casing 48 as shown in Fig. 7. A handle 54 is Secured to the rock shaft 53 so that the bracket 51 may be swung upwardly for the purpose ont disengaging the worm 45 Jfrom the worm wheel 44. As shown in Fig. there are placed upon the opposite ends of the worm shaft 46 two loosely mounted pulleys 56, 5T. which may be alternately clutched to the shaft 46 by any suitable form of clutch mechanism operated by the bell crank lever 58. A round belt, not shown, passes around the

pulleys

56 and 57 and over a pulley 59, and is driven from a countershaft, with the result that the

pulleys

57, 56, are driven constantly in opposite directions. Any suitable mechanism for shifting,r the bell crank lever 58 may be employed. As shown. it is operated automatically by a lever 60 having' a right-angle arm 61 provided with a sp1-ingrpressed beveled pin 62 to engage a comple mental beveled pinff63 on one arm of the bell crank 58, as illustrated in Fig. 5. By rocking the lever 60 to the right or to the left in Fig. 4, the clutch-operating bell crank 58 may be moved in one direction or the other and there held to cause the pulley 56 or the pulley 57, as the case may be, to be clutched to the worm shaft 46. rlhe lever 60 is automatically operated by anv suitable mechanism,

Lacasse such forexample as a disk @t heyed upon the shaft 43 and provided in its tace with a circular undercut slot 65 to receive the adjustable studs or projections Si?, 68. The lever 60 is provided with a stud or projection 69 which may be engaged alternately by the

studs

67, 68. as the disk rotates in one direction or the other to cause said lever to he swung to operate the clutch mechanism. The disk 64 is in front ct, and coaxial with, the worm wheel 44, which latter is mounted loosely on the shaft 43. The said worm wheel is apertured so as to provide a rib or spoke 70. and the disk isx formed with two rearwardly extending ears 7l, 7l, carrying 80 adjustable abutment screws 72, 72. Hence, when the worin A`wheel is rotated in one direction or the other. the rib or spolre 70 thereon engages one or the other ot' the abutment screws 72 and carries the disk with it. The 85 ends of the abutment screws are separated so that there is a certain amount of lost motion between the worm wheel and the disk. As a result of this construction, when the worm wheel is reversed in rotation, there is a period of rest for the disk before itis engaged and rotated by the worm wheel. 7l'liis construction permits the work carriage to remain at restfor a period of time at each end of its forward and rearward travel, said period being increased or decreased according to the adjustment of the abutment screws T2. 72, toward and from each other. The lever (30, which operates the clutch mechanism, may be pivoted in any suitable manner, preferably at its upper end as illustrated in Fig. 7. ln this ease, it will be noted that the upper end of the lever 60 is forked and is pivoted upon the pivot pin 'Z3 located in the bracket 51. @ne arm of the forli extends into the hollow bracket and is formed with the arm 61, whereas the ether arm of the fork lies in front of the bracket 5l, this last-meutioned arm being indicated at 74. This is a mere detail of construction, however. which is not at all essential, although it is desirable as it prevents any forward or rearward swing of the arm 60 when engaged b v the

studs

67, 68. From the construction thus Y illustrated and described, it will be apparent 115 that the pivot har or cylinder 33 and the carriage supported thereby will be automatically rcciprocated in lines parallel to the axis of said 'bar and parallel to the axis of the work spindle.

The work carriage is preferablyv provided with means i'or holditngIr the work on centers. although. as will be explained. thc work :may be held in a chuck. Seen in end view as in Fig. 2, thc arms 3l extend downward] v and forwardly and then are curved downwardly and rearwardly, and the carriage 30 has a fiat face or table 80, which is in therear of the arms, to receive the head-stock and the tail-stock which are respectively clamped thereon in any suitable Way. For example, the carriage 30 1s provided Wirth a longitudinal undercut groove 81 to receive the heads of clamping bolts 82 by which the tapering aperture at the inner end of the spindle 93 is inserted the head-center 94. Taper bushings 95, 96, may be inserted in the

bearings

91, 92, butthese and other details of construction need not be described at length as any suitable form of bearing construction may be utilized. When the Work is held in centers, there is journaled u-pon the inner end of the spindle a pulley 97 by which the Work may be rotated in the usual manner; Whereas, when the Work is held in a chuck, a: Chuck 98 may be secured to the spindle as shown in Fig. 10. In the latter case, the spindle is driven by a pulley 99 keyed thereon. Ordinarily, when the Work is mounted on centers, the spindle and the pulley 99 are held against rotation by a spring-pressed pin 100, the tapered end of which may be engaged With any one of a series of tapered sockets 101 in the pulley 99, as illustrated in Fig. 9.

The tail-stock, as illustrated Ein Fig. 8, is indicated at 110 and it is p-rovided With bearings 111, 112, forthe non-rotary hollow spindle or sleeve 113, into the inner end vof which the tail-center 114 is inserted. The sleeve or spindle 113 isn-ormally forced to the lett by a spring 115 which encircles the reduced end 116 of the spindle and which abuts against a threaded sleeve 117 provided with a pin 118 entering a longitudinal slot in the said reduced end 116. The sleeve 117 is threaded into a sleeve 119 held in place by the threaded collar 120.' The reduced end of the sleeve119 has secured thereto a hand wheel 121'by which it may be rotated to adjust the sleeve 117. On the end 115 of the spindle there is an elongated internally threaded collar 122 having a mlilled head 123 by which it may be rotated to adjust the spindle relatively to the sleeve 117. By virtue lof this construction, it Will be seen that the spindle and its tail-center Will be forced yieldingly to the left by spring pressure so as to cause the tail-center to engage the end of the Work.- A roll 123 is secured on a stud 125 projecting radially from the sleeve or spindle 113, and it lies in a groove extending diametrically across the face of a disk 126, formed on or secured to an upwardly projecting rock-shaft 127, the axis of which is oset from .the axis of the spindle 113. A handle 128 is secured to said shaft and may be' arranged at any angle thereon. The groove in the disk 126 is transverse to said axis and the roll 123 lies near the end of the groove, so that, by rocking the shaft 127 by the handle 128, the spindle will be Withdrawn against the pressure of spring 115 to dlsengage the tail-center from the Work.-

The center will be normally held yieldingly in engagement with the Work during the operation of the tool upon the Work when the handle is released. i

By the provision of the head-stock and tail-stock as described, a bar of Work! may be ground from end to end, since the feeding movement oi' the Work carrier may be of sufficient length to accomplish this result, Of course the extent to Whichthe Work is fed or reciprocated depends upon the location of the

studs

67, 68, on the disk 64 hereinbefore described,'since these studs may be rotatively adjusted about the axis of the disk to secure any desired length'of feed of it is held forwardly by yielding means to be described. The carriage is so hung from the pivot bar that the head-stock and tailstock normally lie under the pivot bar or cylinder as shown in Fig. 2. The Work carrier is provided With means for supporting a longitudinal bar or templet 130. As illustrated in Figs.'2 and 3, the Work carriage is formed with a series of undercut guide- Ways 131, in which are placed the heads of depending bolts 132, to which the templet 130 is secured by the nuts 133 and collars 134. The templet may be arranged in parallelism With the axis of the Work or it may be arranged at an angle thereto for taper grinding, and it may be rectilinear on its operative face, or it may be shouldered ment which is arranged horizontallyV and which bears against the front edge thereof, and this pin or abutment is adjustable both manually and automatically for the purpose 'of positioring the Work relatively to the grinding Wheel and also for cross-feeding the work relatively to the wheel. For this. purpose, substantially the same mechanism for adjusting the abutment may be utilized as described in my Letters Patent hereinbefore referred to. I need not describe this mechanism in great detail, it being sufficient to state that the abutment consists of a headed pin 140 placed in the hollow end of a. bar 141 mounted to slide in a bearing 142 supported by the bed. `The forward end of the bar 141 is screw-threaded as at 143, and it extends through a hollow sleeve nut 144 having on its extremity a wheel 145 by which it may be rotated. rllhis wheel is formed with a ratchet 146 adapted to be engaged b y a pawl 147 (see Fig. 1) carried by a lever 148 pivoted at 1481 to the front of the bed. The oscillation of this lever causes the rotation of the ratchet 146 and therefore of the nut 144. Any suitable means, such as described in my said Letters Patent, may be utilized for rendering the ratchet 147 inactive at any predetermined time. The leve-r 148 is oscillated automatically from the mechanism which controls the length feed ofthe work. To this end. there is connected to the lever 148 a rod 149 pivoted to the depending arm 150 of a bell crank lever. `Thc other arm 151 of said lever is provided with a roll 152 adapted to be engaged by a roll 153 on the lower end of the lever 60 which \has previouslv been described as shown in Fig. 4. Each time the lever 60 is oscillated to cause the operation of the clutch mechanism (which operations take place at each end of the forward and rearward travel of the work), the bell crank lever 150 is actuated to move the lever 148 in one direction or the other. Hence, for each complete forward and rcturn movement of the work carriage, the ratchet 146 is advanced so as to feed the Work transversely toward the grinding wheel. Any suitable mechanism may be utilized to accomplish this result in lieu of that which I have illustrated and described. The templet and the coperating abutment constitute complemental means for guiding the Work carrier during its lengthwise feeding movements.

, For holding the work carriage at the extremity of its movement away from the grinding tool, I may utilize any suitable spring mechanism, such for example as shown in Figs. 2 and The mechanism illustrated consists of a roll 170 which en gages the under side of the work carrier. The roll is mounted in the forked end of a spindle 171` the lower end of which extends through a bracket 172 which may be con veniently formed on the bearing` 142 previously referred to. A spring 17 3 encircles the spindle 171 and one end bears against a shoulder on the spindle .near the forked end thereof and the other end of which bears against the bracket 172. If desired, more than one of these devices may be utilized,

Lacasse depending upon the size and weight of the machine.

If desired, I may also employ rests for the work as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. rI`his work rest consists of a base 190 adapted to be secured to the work carrier and having two cylindrical bearings 191, 192, arranged with their axes at an angle slightly less than 900. In each bearing there is a slide 195i to which is adjustably secured a bar 194, the end of which may engage the work a. llach bar or rest is longitudinally slotted to receive the bolts 195 by which it is secured to the slide. rlhe outer end of each slide is hollowed to receive a spring 196, one end of which bears against the slide and the other against a cap 197 screwed upon the cylindrical bearing. A screw 198, having a milled head 199, extends through the cap and through the spring, and is threaded into the slide. This construction enables the work rest to yield slightly under excess strains. As shown in Fig. 11, one of the rests is substantially radial to the axis of the grinding wheel, whereas the other is arranged beneath the work so as to support it against vertical depression. The work rest mechanism may be supported upon the carriage, or if desired, it may be placed upon the bed.

In the foregoing description, I have not attempted to describe in detail the entire construction of the machine which I have illustrated upon the drawings, but to refer to only those features which are germanc to the present invention; and, even in this case, it will be understood that many of the details which I have described may be changed or varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

In. the machine as described, the pivot bar or cylinder forms, to all intents and purposes, a portion of the work carrier, the arms of which are rigidly clamped thereto, so that the bar and the carrier both oscillate and reciprocate. If desired, however, the carrier could be arranged to be moved longitudinally of the bar. and to oscillate thereon, although I should not consider the latter arrangement as quite so desirable. In either case, however, the portions of the bar which extend beyond the carriage and are mounted on the bed may be regarded as trunnions for the carriage, since the oscillatory and reciprocatory movements of the carriage may be thereby secured; and moreover in 'both cases the center of oscillation of the carrier would be coincident with the axis of said bar. By the construction and arrangement of parts which I have herein tlesuibed, I secure a rigidity of control which is most desirable. This is enhanced by the location of the abutment 140 (of the cross-feeding mechanism) in the same transverse vertical planes with the grinding the advantages incident to the various features of the invention, as embodied in the afore-described machine, will be apparent, not the least of which are simplicityof construction, ease of adjustment of the adjustable elements, accuracy of operation, and

l accessibility of the variousparts upon-.1n-

spection, repair or renewal.

.Having thus explained the nature of my said invention and described a way of vmaking-and using the same, although without attempting to set forth all of the forms yin which it may be'made or all of the modes of its use, what I claim is:

1. A grinding machine comprising a bed,

i a grinding tool thereon, a work carrier having oppositely .projecting trunnions, means on the bed in which said trunnions are mounted, means on the said work carrier for continuously rotating the work on an axis laterally remote from the axis of said trunnions, means for effecting a' relative length feed of the work carrier and the grinding tool, and means for eiiecting a step-by-step movement of said work carrier about the. axis of said trunnions to effect a cross feed of the rotating work relatively to the grinding tool.

2. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding tool mounted on said bed, an oscillatory work carrier having oppositely projecting trunnions, bearings on the bed for said trunnions, coacting guide members for the work carrier, meansforreciprocating said carrier while guided by said members to feed the work lengthwise, and means for moving one of said guide members to impart a crosswise feed to the work carrier.

3. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding wheel supported on said bed, a pivot bar, bearings on said bed in which said pivot barv may slide longitudinally, a work carrier movable longitudinally with said bar and also adapted to oscillate about the axis of said bar, means for reciprocating said bar axially, and means for moving said carrier about the axis of said bar.

4. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding wheel supported on said bed, separated bearings on said bed, a pivot b ar arranged :both to slide and to oscillate in said bearings, a workcarrier secured to said bar to slide and to oscillate therewith, automatic mechanism for reciprocating said pivot bar, and mechanism for automatically moving said carrier and bar about the axis of the latter tocross-feed the work.

5. A grinding machine comprising a bed,

a grinding tool, a support therefor .on the bed, a work carrier, means for supporting said work carrier. to swing about an axis parallel to the axis of the grinding tool,

means for automatically moving said work carrier lengthwise -of its said 'axis of movement, and means for automatically moving said work carrier about its said axis, whereby the work is fed both lengthwise and crosswise in reference to said grinding tool.

6. A grinding machine-comprising a bed, a grinding tool, a support'therefor on the bed, a work carrier, bearings on the-bed, aipivot bar for the work carrier supported in said bearings, a head-stock and a tail-stock for the work both mounted on said work carrier, means for guiding said work carrier on lines longitudinal of the pivot bar, and means for moving said work carrier longitudinally of the axis of said bar.

7; A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding tool, a supporttherefor on the bed, a work carrier, means for supporting said work carrier t0 swing about an axis parallel to the axis of the grinding tool, and mechanism for automatically reciprocating said work carrier lengthwise of its axis of movement, said mechanism including means for causing said carrier to continue at rest for a period of time at the end of each lengthwise movement of said carrier.

8. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding tool, means for supporting said tool stationarily of the bed, a work carrier movable both longitudinally and transversely in relation to the grinding tool, and mechanism for automatically reciprocating said work carrier longitudinally, including a shaft, a clutch mechanism controlling the direction of rotation of said shaft, a gear driven' alternatelyl in opposite directions by said shaft, a clutch-controlled lever, a disk coaxial with said gear and having projections for alternate engagement with the clutch lever, and 'y means for connecting said disk and said gear and for permitting lost motion between them, whereby the disk may remain temporarily at rest after the direction of rotation of said gear has been reversed and the gear is moving in the reverse direction.

9. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a tool carrier stationarily mounted on the bed, separated bearings on said bed, a pivot bar mountedto slide in said bearings, a work carrier hung upon said pivot bar, and formed or provided with a support, and means adjustably secured upon said support for holding and rotating the work.

10. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a tool carrier stationarily mounted on the bed, bearings on said bed, a pivot bar mounted to slide in said bearings, a work carrier hung upon said pivot bar, and formed or provided with a support laterally offset from the axis of said bar, a headfstock and a tail-stock secured upon said support and having oppositely projecting averli centers, coacting guide members for said Work support. arranged to guide the said support in lines longitudinal of said bar, and means for reciprocating said bar and said Work support.

ll. A grinding machine comprising a. bed, a tool carrier stationarily mounted on the bed, separated bearings on said bed, a pivot bar mounted to slide in said bearings, a Work carrier hung upon said pivot bar, and formed or provided with a support, a headstock and a tail-stock having oppositely projecting work centers, said stocks being secured upon said support, and mechanisms for automatically reciprocating'said bar and oscillating said carrier on the axis of said bar. l. x

1:2. i grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding wheel thereon, separated bearings on said bed, a pivoubar arranged to slide in said bearings, a; Work carrier. hung on said bar to move about the axis thereof, a templet secured to said Work carrier and arranged longitudinally Athereof an abutment supported by the bed an Iengaging said templet, and means for moving said abutment to cross-feed the Work carrier, said abutment and said grinding wheel bein located in substantially the same vertica transverse planes.

13. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding tool mounted on Said bed, a Work carrier mounted to move about an axis to ward and from said grinding tool, coactng guide members remote from said axis, .arranged to guide vsaid Work carrier along lines longitudinali of said airis, means for reciprocating said Work carrier While guided mense@ by said members to iced the work lengthwise7 and means for moving one of said guide members to impart a, crosswise ieed to the Work.

14. A grinding machine comprising a bed having-upright bearings, a pivot bar mounted in said bearings, a pendant Work carrier having arms hung upon said bar between said bearings, Work supporting and rotating means supported on said carrier remote from said bar, coacting guide members, one supported by the bed and one by the Work carrier for guiding said Work carrier in lines of travel longitudinal of -the bar, and means for reciprocating said Work carrier along said longitudinal lines for eecting a lengthwise feed of `the Work in relation to tne grinding tool.

l5. A grinding machine comprising a bed having upright bearings, a. pivot bar mounted in said bearings, a pendant Work carrier having, arms hung upon said bar between said bearings, work supporting and rotating means supported on said carrier remote from said bar, coacting guide members, one snppor'ted by the bed and one by the Work carn rier for guiding said Work carrier in lines of travel longitudinal of the bar, means for reciprocating said work carrier along said longitudinal lines-for eecting a lengthwise feed of the Work in relation to the grinding tool, and means for moving one of said guide members transversely of said lines o travel to cross-feed the work about the axis of said bar.

in testimony whereof l have axed my signature,

WllLLllAM LE RY BRYANT..