US1290246A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

A. M. LA QHAPELLEfiS. BENENSOHN.

CARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21, me.

Patented Jan 7, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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ALFRED lll. LA CHAPELLE, Ulfi SlElElIllilGlilIllLll, urn

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BENENfiOl-llll, Ulla" CHlItllllfi-U, lillllhl cnunuuurun.

rea ers.

i Specification of Letters Patent.

ll atented dunno ll, .ltllllt Application filed March t, 19103. Flerial lilo. cacao. I

To all whom itmay concern:

lie known that we, Amen!) ll l.- LA Guerrero: and damn-EL Bunnusonu, citizone of the United @tates, and residents, respectively, 'of dpringfield, Hampden county, Massachusetts, and of Unicago in the county of Cook and State ot lllinois,

have invented certain new and useful lin- Iprovernents in *Uarhuroters; and we do here by declare that the following is a lull, clear, and enact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, which form a part or this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in carburetors and consists of the matters hereinafter described. and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The object of the invention is to provide :1 carburetor which is simple and economical in construction and which is greatly superior in eiliciency to the carburetors heretofore in. use.

Our improved car'oureter is of such construction and operation. that a tree body of v fuel is maintained in the carburetor, with substantially its entire surface exposed to the suction of the engine, said body being,

replenished from a suitable source of supiply.

by being automatically drawn into the uel chamber of the carburetor by the suction of the engine, it being immaterial whether said source is vlocated in a plane above or below that ol the carbureter. Our improved car bureter also includes an cilicient spraying device whereby the fuel is broken up into finely divided particles just before it is mixed with the incoming air 'so that it is impossible to deliver to the engine a mixture too rich for the efiicient operation of the engine. The carburetor is alsoso constructed that the finely divided particlesof fuel condensed on its walls are delivered back to the body or fuel in the carburetor, thus obviating ailooding of the spraying device and the delivery to the engine of fuel in 7 liquid form.

tili- All of the before mentioned objects and advantages will be apparent as we proceed with our specification.

in the drawings:

Figure 1 is a view 1 in side elevation of a carburetor made in accordance with ouu in vention.

his 9, is a tonplan view thereof.

wall thereof 15 an annular h Fig. 8 is a vertical central sectional view through our i niprovcd carhure the plane oi the'section being indicated by the line 3-3 of l ig, ll.

l ig. d is a. horiuonta'l sectional. view there- 7 through talren in a plane indicated by the line l-l o'li Fig: 5.

.Fig. 5 is a detail *ertioal sectional view through the atoiniring or spraying device and will he more specifically referred to later.

' lleitcrring in detail to that embodiment of our invention as illustrated. in the ULCC0lll-- panying drawingsz lil indicates the carhureter bowl which is open at the top. {fluid bowl has a bottom wall 10 from which depends an interiorly threaded. flange ll. (Jonccntrically arranged within said howl and extendingupwardly iron; the bottom use lit, which terminates at its top a she" distance below the top ol' the bowl. and which defines a passageway of comparatively large cross-- sectional area as compared to the cross section of the bowl. I

The space between. said llan and the upright wall ol' the carburetor bowl lil pro rides an annular reservoir or chamber which is adapted to contain a body of the fuel to be curbureted.

it? indicates a laterally intending; holldw boss made integral with the bowl lll. daid boss provides a fuel inlet chamber which communicates with the annular reservoir in the said bowl; ln the bottom wall out said hollow boss is provided an inlet aperture 18; 17 indicatesa pipe fitting adapted to be connected to a -pipe leading lroin the fuel till level of the luel in the annular fuel chamber of the carburetor body in a tlarniliar mannero tlaid float is prelerably made or corlr and is of the familiar horse-shoe shape, surrounding but spaced from the annular flange 12 in the carburetor bowl. Plaid float is lined to one arm oil a lever 20., pivoted on a pin 20 in the side walls of the boss 1. Fro-no. the other arm ol said lever depends a valve stem 5% having a conical valve plug at its bot tom end which is adapted to close upon a valve seat formed about the inner end oil the inlet aperture 18.

lilll U L J 1 4.1, 1 L UOIIL-Glll. oi the h the. usual throttle valve disk through the bottom The valve stem is connected to the lever by means of ball and socket joint 2?. The laterally extending hollow boss 16 is provided in its top wall with the usual inspection opening closed by a screw threaded plug indicates a. which forms the top of the carbureter. Said fitting consists of tubular neck portion 38, the bottom end of which terminates in. oownwardly and outwardly flared flange 3-3 which closes at its peripherical edge upon the open top of the carbureter bowl 10. This flange 38 has radially extending cars 32 which are attached by screws 51 to similarly disposed ears on the carbu eter bowl 10. To make a ti ht jointa gasket is interposed been the'top of th" carburetor bowl and i 38 The top of aterally extending ears oy means of which "f lbow fitting of the engine not, shown) lathe neck 38 of the fitting 30 is provided -13 fixed to a transverse shaft 44- having bearing in the tubular wall of said neck. l5 indicates the operating lever of the throttle valve attached to the shaft 44:. 48 indicates the usual adjustable stop screw for limiting the movement of said operating lever.

inlet manifold 55 indicates an upright tube coaxially arv ranged as shown within the annular flange 12 of the carbureter bowl. aid tube is sup ported by a spider 51, the arms 50 of which arei'ixed to the top of the annular flange The bottom end of said tube depends wall 93 of a cup-like valve casing 1 which has threaded engagement with the flange 11 the bottom of the carbureter bowl 10. The bottom end of the tube is threaded. to receive, a nut 99 which is engaged against the said bottom wall 93. The-top end the tube 55 extends above the top of the flange 12 and is flared outwardly for a purpose which will presently appear.

58 indicates a horizontal spraying or atomiaaing; tube which xtends through diametriopposite apertures provided therethe primary air tube 55,3'ust above the top end of the flange Said tube 58 has a closed end 50: The other end of said tube. is bent downwardly to provide a substantially vertical part 50 which extends in to the annular fuel chamber formed as before mentioned, and terminates a short distance above the bottom wall 10 of the-can bureter bowl where it is cut at an angle to provide an enlarged inlet opening. Said vertical part 60 is engaged by an ear 61 on the flange 12. v

In the atomizing or spraying tube 58 are provided a pair of vertically alined aperattached to the tures 70, 72, which are coaxial with respect to the axis of the tube The bottom. aperture '70 is of smaller diameter than the upper aperture 72 for a reason which will shortly appear. Below the tube 58 the inner diameter of the tube 55 is restricted as shown at 55 but isgreater than the diam eter of the tube 58 so that a part of the air that passes up through tube will pass up around the spraying tube 58.

The valve casing 91, depending from the carburetor bowl 10 has a plurality of annularly spaced ports 96, 96, which are normally closed by a piston valve member 94; located in and adapted for vertical movement in said valve casing. Said valve member is hollow and has a bottom wall 94 which closes openings 92 in the bottom wall 93 ofthe valve casing 91, which openings expose the bottom wall of the piston valve member to atmospheric pressur The said valve member has annularly arranged ports 97 which are adapted to register with the ports 96 in the valve casing when the valve piston is raised. A coiled spring 95, interposed between the spider 51 near the top of the tube 55 and the bottozn wall 9-1 of the. valve member 94L normally holds said valve member in its lowest position against the bottom wall 93 of the valve casing so that the ports 97 are closed.

The operation of the improved carburetor is as follows, and we shall start with the carburetor empty and containing air at atmospheric pressure. The gasolene tank to which the carburetor is operatively connected, we will say, is located in a plane below that of the carburetor, and atmospheric pressure maintains in the interior of said tank. Under these conditions the float 23 is in its lowest position in the fuel chamber and the inlet valve plug 25 is raised from its seat. The inlet passage 18 connected to the supply line is open and the piston valve member 94 is held in its closed position by the spring 95.

The throttle valve 43 is now opened to provide afree passage through the fitting 30 to the inlet manifold of the engine cylinders. The crank shaft of the engine is then turned over as by means of a hand crank or electric starter. as usual. The suction stroke of the pistons will displace a volume of air from the interior of the carburetor and although the tube 55 admits air into the carburetor to take the place of the displaced air, the air in the carburetor is displaced more rapidly than it can be admitted or drawn through the restricted passage 55 in said tube. This displacing of the air in the carburetor will produce a partial vacuum in the'whole interior of the carburetor body, which will be intensified as the crank shaft gains speed in its. preliminary turn over.

As the air is withdrawn from the interior ill) neonate line leading to the fuel inlet 18. This will act to draw or such into the fuel chamber within the bowl/l of the carburetor a quantity of fuel (it/being borne in mind that the fuel tank mat-atmospheric pressure). This drawing of fuel into the bowl of the carbureter willcontinue until the rising fuel level causes'the float 23 to seat the valve plug andclose dffthe flow of fuel through the inlet 18. The rising level of the fuel in the fuel chamber willsubmergethe bottom end of the upright part 60 of the atomizinp; or spraying tube 58. With the bottom end of the atomizing tube submerged or sealed, a

That part of the primary air which does not pass through said opening will pass about the sides of the atomizing tubeinto the outwardly flared top end of said primary air a tube (see 1F lg. 5) to mix with the atomized llili particles of fuel as will appear later.

This construction provides a Venturi tube efi'ect and such air as passes throug'lrthe openings 70, 72, in the atomizing tube 58 will create a greater vacuum in said tube than is maintained in the annular fuel chamber with the result that a column of fuel is drawn up into the tube 58. As soon as the fuel reaches the .atomizing openings 70,

' 72 it is carried out throughthe aperture 72 lit dill

be distributed to the various cylinders. The

proper mixture now being delivered to said engine cylinders and the ignition system bej innin order, the engine now ,turns over under its own power, and the preliminary driving; influence (the hand cranlr or other. starter) may be discontinued.

its the engine crank shaft gains in speed, the vacuum in theinterior of the carbureter bowl will be increased. As the piston valve 91 issub-jected to atmoshperic pressure on its bottom side and to the pressure in the interior of the carbureterpilus the pressure of the spring 95 on itst'op ide, said valve will tend to rise against the restraining action ofthe spring 95 untilthe ports 97 begin to uncover the ports 96 in the .valve basin 91. The secondary air supply admitted through said ports will rush up into the carbureter, striking; the flared flange of the fitting whence it will be directed into a position above the tube to mix with and re duce the richness of the mixture issuing from the said tube under the increased suction due to the increased speed of the engine. 7

The rush of air up through the neck 38, which is somewhat smaller in diameter than the flange 12, will produce a forced draft upon the air above the body of fuel in the .fuel chamber and in the hollow extension 16 which wil l act to further increase the vacuous condition in the fuel chamber and in said extension.

As the fuel is used, the level of the body of fuel in the fuel chamber will drop. The float 23 falls with the fuel level and opens the valve 25 of the fuel inlet 18. More fuel is sucked in through said inlet opening (it being remembered that only atmospheric pressure exists in the fuel supply tank) until the float again rises and closes on said inlet 18. Shouldthe engine begin to raccl, the throttle43 may be partially closed. restricting the passage in the neck 38. The supply of mixture to the engine being thus diminished, the engine will begin to slow down, decreasing the suction in the carburetor. The spring 95. will then return the valve 94: to a closed position so as to shut off the secondary air supply. Such air as isnow being drawn into the carburetor enters only through the primary air inlet tube 55, the amount being further diminished as the throttle is more and moreclosed, until just enough air enters to properly atomize the fuel and cause the supply to be renewed in the fuel chamber. The ignition system may now be cut out and the engine stops, with a proper level of fuel in the annular fuel chamber and atomizing tube, the float closing" over the inlet 18, at: mospheric pressure nowexisting in said carburetor. The engine of course may again be started in a great deal less time as the annular fuel chamber now has the necessary fuel therein. v

Such fine particles of fuel as condense on the walls of the fitting 30 will drop into the over again.

When the fuel supply tanlr ,is located above the carburetor, the results will be the. same'as far as the force feed of the fuel is thevalve 25 l 1 Thu ply The I through a straight upr' away with the dead to act to restrict the free passage of air there- 1 e of the objectionsto of carburetors.

the amount of air and proper mixture for the operation of the engine at its desired speed, the feed being de termined by Elie suction or pull of thccnginc upon the su'riace of the body of fuel in the fuel cl unbcr. Another advantage gained is owing to the atomizing or spraying device being located in plane a distance above the level ihc fuel in the fuel chamber, "cne gatornizing opening cannot be fhaoded so to deliver liquid fuel :30 the em ne as ac now happens when the car is ascendin a grade or is rocked or jarred about as ,vhen she is traveling over rough roads,

While in describing our invention we have refeato certain details of mechanical construction and angcment of parts, we do not w; bv to limit ourselves thereto except as be pointed out in the appended claims. Y N e 1. ll; c

s our invention:

reter comprising a fuel bowl dcuular, open top fuel chamber, a bowl adapted to be connected to :hereby the suction of the engine upon the fuel in said chamber, a

chamber for controlling the inlet o" fuel thereto, a primary air inlet tube open at o end to the atmosphere, and a spraying s e having an upright inlet end coimectco with said fuel chamber -d havr a horizontal discharge end extending cross said prir "7y air inlet tube, said discnarge end having vertically alined spraying apertures in said primary air tubes.

2. A carburetor comprising a fuel bowl defining an annular, open top fuel chamber, a cap on said bowl adapted to be connected to an engine, whereby the suction of the engine is exerted upon the fuel in said chamber, a float in said chamber for controlling the inlet of fuel thereto, a primary air inlet tube open at one end to the atmosphere and havin its other end extending into said cap, and a spraying tube having an upright inlet end connected Willi said fuel chamber and having horizontal discharge end extending across said primary inlet tube as a point below its top end, said discharge end of the spraying tube liavin vertically alined spraying apertures in said primary air tube, that Dart of said primary air inlet tube above said horizontal, aperturcd part of said spraying tube providiug'a primary mixing chamber.

8. IL carburetor comprising a fuel bowl defining an annular, open top fuel chamber, a cap on. said bowl adapted to be connected to an engine whereby the suction of the engine is exerted upon the fuel in said chamber, a float in said chamber for controlling the inlet of fuel thereto, a primary air inlet tube open at one end to the atmosphere, and a spraying tube having an uprightinlet end connected withsaid fuel chamber and having a horizontal discharge end extending across said primary air tube, said discharge cnd having vertically ulincd spraying apertures in said-primary air tube, said primary air lube being restricted in diameter below said discharge end of the spraying tube.

4:. A carburetor comprising a fuel bowl dciining an annular, open top fuel chamber, a cap on said bowl adapted to be connected to an engine whereby ihe suction of the engine is exerted upon the fuel in said chamber, a float in Said chamber for controlling the in lci: of fuel thereto, a secondary air valve ch ng the bottom end of said fuel bowl, a primary air inlet tube extending through said secondary air valve and open to the atmosphere, and a spraying tube having an upright inlet end connected with said fuel chamber and having a horizontal discharge end extending cross said primary air inlet tube, said discharge end having vertically alined spraying apertures in said primary air tube,

A carburetor comprising a fuel bowl, iucludinw an upright, lubular flange, said flange lining a secondary air inlet and a surioui iling annular fuel chamber, a; float in sa a chamber for controlling the admission of fuel t-hcrct an automatic valve normally closing said secondary air inlet, a primary air inlet tube in and surrounded by said secondary air inlet, said primary air inlet cube extending through said automatic valve and opening to the atmosphere, and a spraying tube having an upright inlet end connected with said fuel chamber and. havinga horizontal discharge end extending across said primary air tube, said discharge end having vertically aimed, spraying apertures in said primary air tube.

6 A CfiIbllI'Gt-Ql' comprising a fuel bowl, including an upright, tubular flange, said flange defining a secondary air inlet and a surrounding annular fuel chamber, a float in said chamber for controlling the admission of fuel thereto, an automatic valve normally closing said secondary air inlet, a prima i air inlet tube in and surrounded by. said secondary air inlet, said primary air inlet tube extending through said automatic valve and opening to the atmosphere, and a sprayingtube having an upright inlet charge end said primary end connected with said fuel chamber and having a horizontal discharge end extending across said primary air tube, said dishaving vertically alined, spraying apertures in said primary air tube, and air tube and said spraying tube being adjustable vertically of andsupported on said upright, tubular flange;

7. Al carbureter comprising a fuel bowl, including an upright, tubular flange, said flange defining a secondary air inlet and a surrounding annular fuel chamber, a float in said chamber for controlling fthe admission of fuel thereto, an automatic valve normally closing said secondary air inlet, a primary air inlet tube in and surroundedby said secondary air inlet, said primary air inlet extending through said automatic valve and opening to the atmosphere, and a spraying tube having an upright inlet'end connected with said fuel chamber and having a horizontal discharge end extending across said primary air tube said discharge end having vertically alined spraying apertures in said primary air tube, and said primary air inlet tube being restricted in diameter below said till spraying tube and being enlarged above the sameto provide. a mixing chamber.

8. A carbureterjfor combustion engines comprising a fuel bowl having a fuel inlet port, said bowl being adapted to contain a free body of fuel having a comparatively large surface area, a spraying device located in said bowl adapted to be supplied from the fuel contents of said bowl, an airinlet and mixing tube associated with said spraying device and through which said spraying device extends, said spraying device including a transverse tube part which has alined apertures of diflerent diameters coaxial with said air inlet tube, a valve adapted to close said fuel inlet port, a float in said bowl operatively connected with said valve, and a cap for said bowl, said cap providing adischarge passage of a cross sectional area somewhat smaller than the surface area of the fuel in said bowl, ansecondary mixing chamber, and means providing a secondary air inlet adapted to admit air to said sec-' ondary mixing chamber when the pressure therein is reduced to a predetermined point.

9. A carbureter for combustion engines comprising a fuel bowl provided with a fuel secondary tube, a fioat-controlledwalve for closlng sald' providing adapted openings in internal diameter adjacent said cap providing inlet port, said bowl. having an upright side wall, a bottom Wall and an upright annular flange spaced Within said, side wall, said flange and side and bottom walls defining an annular fuel chamber, a spraying device located'in said bowl and adapted to be supplied from the body of fuel in said annular chamber, a tube providing a primary air inlet and a mixing chamber associated with said spraying device, a spring controlled air inlet valve mounted on said fuel inlet port when the fuel is at a predeterinined level in said chamber, and means a cover for said bowl and conduit to connect said bowl with the engine, whereby the suction action of the engine is exerted over the entire surface of the body of fuel in said chamber.

10. A carbureter for combustion engines comprisin a bowl having a fuel inlet port, said bowl eing adapted to contain a body of fuel presenting a comparatively large surface area, an air inlet tube. extending into said bowl and a mixing tube connected therewith, a spraying device comprising a bent pipe, one leg'of which is open and extends into said fuel chamber and the other of which is closed, said last mentioned leg extending transversely through said air in-- let tube and being provided with Venturi axial alinement with said air inlet tube, said inlet tube beingfof reduced enturi tube openingsbut being larger in diameter than the tube forming said spra ing device, a valve adapted to close said uel inlet port,

a float in said bowl operatively connected.

with said valve, and "a cap for said bowl adapted for connection to the engine, said a conduit of somewhat smaller cross sectional area than the surface area of the fuel in said bowl.

- In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our iIIVBHtIOHfWQfifiiX our signatures in thepresence of two witnesses, this 17th day of February A. D. 1916.

- ALFRED M. LA onnrnnnn.

SAMUEL nnnnnsonn.

Witnesses:

Wnnrnn S. Bream/ran,

till

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