US1290009A - Drier. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEE 2.

DHIER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.I6,19I7.

E. B. A. ZWOYER.

l VQ jnventor v?? M@ b Attorneys.

Witne' E. B. A. ZWOYER.

APPLCAION HLE) FEB. )5, 9I7. 1,290,009. Patented Dec. 3l, 1918.

4 SHEES-SHE 3.

Inventor ltornf'va.

NNl

E. B. A, ZWOYER.

DRIER.

Mmc/umn ruin f'EB,16,|911.

Pntmn'ed Dec. 31, 1918.

4 SHEETS SHEU 4 Witnesses ATENT OFFICE.

ELLSWORTH B. A. ZWOYER, 0F PERTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY.

DRIER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

Application filed February 16, 1917. Serial No. 148,935.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that- I, ELLswoR'rr-r B. A. ZwoYER, a citizen of the United States, residing. at Perth Amboy, county of Middlesex, and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Driers, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to devices for handling briquets composed of a pulverized material, the particles of which are mixed with a liquid or semi-liquid binder and then molded to form under pressure. When the briquets leave the press they contain considerable moisture which must be evaporated in the presence of heat and, on account of the density of the briquets, the degree of heat must be high and the articles must Ibe subjected to it for a considerable period of time so that all or nearly all of the moisture may be driven oif and the briquets be brought to a state of hardness suilicient to enable them to withstand the rough usages incident. to handling and to preserve their form while being burned or melted as the case may be. After the briquets have been suiliciently dried they should be cooled to facilitate handling and permit of storage in bulk.

The objects of my invention are 1. To provide a compact device wherein the briquet-s may be subjected to the heat for a considerable period of time.

2. To distribute the briquets in such a manner that. each may be subjected to the effect of the drying medium for the same period of time to provide for uniformity of drying.

3. To provide against injury of the briquets during the drying operation.

4. To lprovide for cooling the briquet-s after drying.

5. T o provide a device wherein all of the operating parts may expand and contract in the same direction and together.

These and further objects will more fully y appear in the following specification and accompanying drawings considered together or separately.

I have illustrated one embodiment of my invention in the accompanying drawings in which corresponding parts in all of the several figures are indicated by similar reference characters` and in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the device.'

Fig, 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the same, the section being taken on the line indicated by 2-2 on Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic development of a portion of thc apparatus.

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view illustrating the feeding conveyor', and

Fig. (5 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 2.

In carrying out my invention I provide a single unitary structure wherein the briquets are received from the briqueting press, are dried, then cooled and finally discharged into storage receptacles or into transportation devices.

The apparatus comprises an inclosed drying chamber 1 and an open cooling frame or rack 2 in axial alinement, the drying chamber being located above the cooling frame. The cham-ber and rac-k are supported on a central shaft 3 which is supported on antifriction devices, such as balls et carried by a base 5. The shaft 3 is provided with a worm gear 6 which meshes with a worm 7 carried on a shaft 8 to which power. may be applied to rotate the central shaft 3.

The drying chamber comprises a casing of approximately elliptical form consisting of a side wall 9, top 10 and bottom 11. One end of the chamber 1 is in communication with the chimney 12 of a furnace 13. A circulating air pipe 14 communicates with the chimney 12 between the furnace and the drier whereby air will be drawn into the chimney and heated by and'mixed with the products of combustion from the furnace. The opposite end of the chamber 1 is in communication with a stack 15. The products of combustion andlair heated thereby will enter the casing at one end, transverse the easing from end to end andl escape through the stack 15.

The central shaft 3 is a hollow cylindrical and function. Each member is composed of a cylinder having a perforated bot-tom, a peripheral ange provided With a series of screw threaded radial perforations and a notched neck 22 which engages the notched recess 21 in the member 16. The upper end of the member 17 has a notched recess 23 similar to the recess 2.1. The upper face of each peripheral iange of each member 17 is provided With a ball race carrying a range of balls 24.

The topmember 18 of the central shaft has a notched neck 25 which engages the correspending recess in the uppermost member 17 of the shaft. The member 18 has a peripheral flange having a series of screw threaded radial perforations and a ball race carrying a range of balls 26. The member 18 is provided with a cylindrical axial column in the upper end of which is a range of balls 27. A plate 28 rests upon the balls 27 and is rigidly secured to the top plate 10 of the drying chamber. A post 29 is seated in the top of the member 16 and extends upward through perforations in the members 17 and 18 and the plate 28. The upper end of the post is secured to the building in which the apparatus is housed.

The shaft members 17, 18 and 19 when assembled one above y'the other are locked against relative rotation by the notches in the necks and recesses and form a shaft which is rotated by the Worm 7 and worm 8. The balls 27 permit the shaft to rotate Without its rotary movement being communicated to the top 10 of the drying chamber.

Resting upon the balls 19 is a ring 30. Resting upon the balls 24, 24 are similar rings 31 and 31l and a similar ring 32 rests upon the balls 26. Each of the rings 31, 31 andk 32 carries a range of balls 33, 34 and 35 Vsupporting respectively a hub 36, 37 and 38.

The hubs 36 and 37 each carries a range of balls 39 which support a ring 40 and 41.1-e- Spectively and each is provided With a series of screw threaded, radial sockets.

Each of the rings 30, 31, 31a, 32, 40 and 41 is provided With a series of radiating arms to which are secured angle beams 42 extending radially in pairs. Une pair of beams 42 on each of the rings 30, 31 and 40 extends to a greater distance from the center than the others as shown at 43, for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

Supported o n the tops of the beams 42 of the rings 31, 31a, 32 and 41 are two continuous rails 44 and 45. These rails are shown as straight Sections of T beams extending from one pair of beams 42 to the next pair but it is obvious that the rails may be of other form.

The spider frames built up of the rings and beams 42 are equal in diameter` t0 the inside of the lesser diameter of the drying chamber except as noted. Certain of the beams -within the drying chamber are secured to angle beams 50 which in turn are connected to the side Wall 9.

The beams of the ring 40 instead of being provided with rails carry the bottom 11 of the chamber which is also secured to the side Wall 9. rThe beams of the ring 30 instead of rails 44 and 45 support the circular bottom 51 of the cooling rack.

rl`he beams 42 carried by the rings 40 sup port the bottom 11 of the drying chamber Which in turn is secured to the lower edge of the wall 9 of the casing. Certain of the beams 42 carried by the rings 31a, 41 and 32 are secured to the Wall 9 by means of the angle beams 50. The casing is, therefore, supported on the rotary central shaft 3.

The extensions 43 to the beams 42 of the rings 30, 31 and 40 engage a spud 5a carried by the base 5 and prevent rotation of the rings mentioned and of the drying chamber.

Screwed into certain of the threaded sockets in the peripheral flanges of the members 17 and 18 and into the sockets in the hubs 36, 37 and 38 are spoke rods 46 which extend radially from the center of the shaft 3. The ends of the rods support a ring 47 which is, in effect, the tire of a Wheel of which the rods 46 are the spokes and the member 17 or 18 or the hub 36, 37 or 38 is the hule. The tires are secured in place on the rods by means of nuts. A second ring 48 is carried by the spokes and is retained in position by means of sleeves 49 which surround the rods on either side of the ring.

Supplemental rods 52 screwed into sockets in the shaft members and hubs extend from the hubs to the ring 48 and additional short rods 53 are carried in the rings 47 and 48. The rods 52 and 53 are surrounded by sleeves Which act as spacers for the rings.

Each rod 46 has hinged thereto tivo leaves 54 and 55. Each rod 52 carries a leaf similar to the leaf 54 and each rod 53 supports a leaf similar to 55. The leaves on alternate tiers of spokes and rods are disposed on opvposite sides of their supporting rods so that as the tiers are rotated in opposite directions the leaves vvill be dragged around by the rods. Each leaf is `of segmental shape and, when in horizontal position, incloses the space between its supporting rod and the next adjoining rod. The free radial edge of each leaf is provided with a. runner 56 which supports that edge of the leaf on the rail 44, 45 or bottom 11 or 51, as the case may be, and holds the leaf in its horizontal position so that each tier forms a circular floor.

Each rail 44 and 45 has a depressed portion 57 for the purpose of allowing the free edge of each leaf to swing downward when it reaches the depressed portioinas shown in Fig. 4. The bottom members 11 and 51 have depressed portions 58 to permit the leaves riding over them to swing downward. The depressed portions 58 form chutes. The runners on the leaves coacting with the members 11 and 51 are in the form of blades which scrape the bottoms and remove any dirt or dust which may fall upon them.

The tire ring 47 carried by each hub 36, 37 and 38 is provided with a circular, toothed rack 59 and these racks are in mesh with pinions 60 on a shaft 61 which is gea-red to the drive shaft 8. The speed of the shaft 61 is such that the racks 59 are driven at the same speed as that of the central shaft 3 butin the opposite direction.

The chimney l2 enters the bottom of the drying chamber and its contents are discharged into a crescent shaped space which partially surrounds the rotating floors and the direct heat from the chimney is presented from coming in contact with the floors and the briquets carried thereon by a baffling screen 62 of heat resisting material such as iirebrick.

Opposite each rotating floor the drying chamber is connected to the stack 15 b y means of a flue 63. Each fine is provided with a damper 64, the position of which is controlled by a thermostatic device 65 so that the desired temperature of the drying chamber may be automatically maintained.

The engagement of the extensions 43 on the beams of the hubs 30 and 31 with the spud 5a prevents rotation of the parts carried by those hubs and the engagement of the extensions of the beams of the hub 410 which carry the bottom of the drying chamber prevent rotation of the chamber. The beams of the hubs above the bottom of the chamber being secured to the walls of the chamber are likewise prevented from rotating.

The briquets are fed to the uppermost tier of floor leaves by means of a scraper conveyer 66 working in trough 67 which enters the drying chamber near the top and to one side of the shaft 3. The floor of the trough is cut away so as to form an angular opening 68, the narrower part of which is over the inner part of the flo-or, where the speed is slowest, and gradually widens toward the outer periphery of the floor where the speed is greatest. The briquets are dragged along the floor of the trough and are deposited on the uppermost rotating Hoor through the wedge shaped opening in Ia. single layer so that each` individual briquet will be brought into Contact with the drying gases.

' As the uppermost oor rotates in the directioncf the arrow A Fig. 2, the briquets will .be-carried around to the point IB. When each leaf reaches this point its free edge will drop, by reason of the depression 57 in the track immediately below .it and the briquets carried thereby will be deposited in a single layer on the floor next below which,'by reason of the fact that it is carried by and rotates with the central shaft, is traveling in the direction of the arrow C Fig. 2.

lVhen the briquets on the second floor have been carried through a complete rotation of the iioor they are deposited on the neXt lower floor, which travels in the same direction as the first floor, in the same manner. This operation is continued until the briquets reach the lowermost floor of the drier. When each leaf of the lower floor reaches the depressed portion 58 of the bottom 11 of the drier it swings downward and deposits its load of briquets on the uppermost rotating floor of the cooling rack when the operation above described is repeated. Then the briquets reach the depressed portion 58 of the bottom 15 they are discharged onto a conveyer 69 by means of which they are delivered to the desired point By reason of the fact that the entire apparatus including the casing for the drier and the cooler are supported on the central shaft 16 the device will expand and contract as a unit and the relative positions of the floors and tracks will always remain the same. The connection between the bottom of the drying chamber andthe chimney 12 is non-rigid whereby the chamber may move relatively to the chimney The flexibility of the tlnes 63 will permit of slight vertical movement of body of the apparatus due to expansion and contraction.

The sectional central shaft 3 reduces the cost of manufacture and transportation, facilitates assembling and dismantling of the device, provides for increasing or reducing the capacity of the apparatus and for ease of inspection and repair.

The post 29 is employed primarily to center, the sections of the device during inspection or repair. .As many sections as desired may be raised without disengaging the upper end of the post and be lowered in place without trouble.

lVliile I have described my invention for use in drying and cooling briquets I desire to have it understood that the apparatus may bc employed for drying, roasting or baking generally.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes I have described the prin-V ciple of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, butI desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative, and that the invention may be carried out in other ways.

I-Iaving now described my invention what I claim as new `and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. An apparatus of theI character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying' heat to the chamber, a rotating sectional floor Within the chamber, and means for depositing briquets or the like in a thin layer on the floor.

2. An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a rotating Isectional iioor Within the chamber, means for depositing briquets or the like in a thin layer on the floor, and means for automatically regulating the heat in the chamber.

3. An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a sectional floor Within the chamber, means for rotating` the floor, a second iioor, means for rotating the second floor, means for depositing briquets or the like on the iirst floor in a thin, even layer, and means for transferring the samein a thin, even layer from the first to the second floor.

An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a floor Within the chamber, means for rotating the floor, a second floor, means for rotating the second floor in the direction opposite to that of the iirst floor, means for distributingbriquets or the like to the first floor, and means for transferring the same from the first to the second floor.

5. An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a sectional floor Within the chamber, means for rotating the door, a second floor below the first licor, means for rotating the second floor, means for depositing briquets or the like on the iirst floor in a thin, even layer and means for transferring the same in a thin, even layer from the .first to the second floor.

6. An apparatus of the character de-A scribed, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a floor Within the chamber, means for rotating the floor, a second floor below the first floor, means for rotating the second ioor in the direction opposite to that of the first floor, means for distributing briquets or the like to the first floor, and means for transferring the same from the lirst to the second floor.

7 An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a sectional iioor Within the chamber, means for rotating the floor, a second iioor, means for rotating the second floor, means for depositing briquets or the like in a thin layer on the first Hoor, means for transferring the same in a thin, even layer from the first to the second floor, and means for automatically regulating the heat in the chamber.

8. An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a rotating sectional floor Within the chamber, means for distributing briquets or the like in a thin layer to the floor, a rotating floor outside of the chamber, and means for transferring the briquets from the chamber in a thin layer to the last mentioned floor.

9. An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a floor Within the chamber, means for rotating the floor, a second iioor, means for rotating the second floor, means for distributing briquets or the like to the lirst door, means for transferring the same from the first to the second floor, a plurality of iioors outside of the chamber, said floors rotating in opposite directions, and means for transferring the briquets from the chamber to the adjoining outside floor.

10. An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a rotating floor Within the chamber, means for distributing` briquets or the like in a thin layer to the ioor, and a common rotary support for the chamber and floor.

ll. An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a door Within the chamber, means for rotating the floor, a second Hoor, means for rotating the second Hoor, means for distributing briquets or the like to the first door, means for transferring the same from the first to the second licor, and a common rotary support for the chamber and floors.

l2. An apparatus of the character described, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a rotating floor Within the chamber, means for distributing' briquets or the like in a thin layer to the floor, a rotating floor outside of the chamber, means for transferring the briquets from the chamber to the last mentioned ioor, and a common support for the cham-V ber and the iioors.

13. An apparatus of the character den scribed, having an inclosed chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber, a floor Within the chamber, means for rotating the floor, a second floor, means for rotating the second floor, means for distributinp1 briquets or the like to the first iioor, means for trans ferring the same from the first to the second door, a plurality of floors outside of the chamber, said floors rotating in opposite directions, means for transferring the briquets from the chamber to the adjoining outside floor, and a common support for the chamber and the ioors.

14. An apparatus of the character ,described, having a rotatable shaft, a chamber supported on the shaft, connections between the shaft and chamber to permit relative rotation of the shaft and chamber, a floor supported by the shaft and rotating therewith,

`and means for delivering briquets to the v ioor.

15. A n apparatus of the character described, having a rotatable shaft, a chamber supported on the shaft, connections between the shaft and chamber to permit relative rotation of the shaft and chamber, a floor within the chamber, said floor being supported by the shaft and rotating therewith, and means for delivering briquets to the floor.

16. An apparatus of the character described, having a suitable shaft, a chamber supported von the shaft, connections between the shaft and chamber to permit relative rotation of the shaft and chamber, a floor supported by the shaft and rotating therewith, Aa second Hoor supported by the shaft, means for rotating the same in the direction opposite to that of the first ioor, and means for delivering briquets to the first floor.

17. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotatable shaft, a stationary track supported by the shaft, a floor carried by and rotatable with the shaft, said floor engaging and being supported by the track.

18. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotatable shaft, a {ioor carried by the shaft, connections permitting relative rotation of the shaft and floor, a track carried on the shaft, connections permitting relative rotation of the shaft and track, said floor engaging and being supported on the track, means for preventing rotation of the track, a second floor carried 40 by and rotatable With the shaft, means for rotating the first mentioned floor in the direction opposite to that of the shaft, means for delivering briquets to the first floor and means for transferring the briquets from the first to the last mentioned floor.

19. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotatable shaft, a floor carried by the shaft, connections permitting relative rotation of the shaft and floor, a track carried on the shaft, connections permitting relative rotation of the shaft and track, said floor engaging and being supported on the track, means for preventing rotation of the track, a second floor carried by and rotatable with the shaft, means for rotating the first mentioned floor in the direction opposite to that of the shaft, means for delivering briquets to the first floor, means for transferring the briquets from the first to the last mentioned floor, and means for heating the briquets on the floors.

20. An apparatus of the character described, having a plurality of superposed, rotatable floors with alternate floors rotating in opposite directions, means for feeding briquets to the top floor, and means for transferring the briquets to the other floors in succession.

21.`An apparatus of the character described, having an element comprising movable segmental members, means for supportingthe members in alinement to form a iioor or platform, and means permitting movement of the members to interrupt the continuity of the floor, the continuity of the members being uninterrupted.

22. An apparatus of the character described, having an element comprising movable segmental members, means for supportingl the members in alinement to form a floor or platform, and means permitting independent movement of the members to interrupt the continuity of the floor, the continuity of the members being uninterrupted.

2 3. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotating element comprising movable segmental members, means for supporting the members in alinement to f orm a floor or platform, and means permitting movement of the members to interrupt the continuity of the floor, the continuity of the members being uninterrupted.'

24. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotating element comprising movable segmental members, means for supporting the members in alinement to form a Hoor or platform, and means permitting independent movement of the members to interrupt the continuity of the floor, the continuity of the members being uninterrupted. A

25. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotating element comprising radial shafts, segmental wings pivoted to the shafts, means for supporting the free edges of the wings in alinement to form a floor or platform, there being an interruption in the supporting means whereby the leaves may turn on the shafts and interrupt the continuity of the floor.

26. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotating element comprising radial shafts, segmental wings pivoted to the shafts, a track for supporting the free edges of the wings in alinement to form a' floor or platform, there being a depression in the track whereby the leaves may turn on the shafts and interrupt the continuity of the floor.

27. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotatable shaft, said shaft being composed of interlocking, axially super-posed sections, floors or platforms carried by the sections and rotatable with the shaft, floors or platforms supported bv the sections, said floors being rotatable in the direction opposite to that of the shaft, and means carried by the sections for supporting the floors, said means being stationary.

28. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotatable shaft, said shaft being composed of interlocking, axially superposed sections, floors or platforms carried by the sections and rotatable With the shaft, floors or platforms supported by the sections, said floors being rotatable in the direction opposite to that of the shaft, means carried by the-sections for supporting the floors, and means independent of the shaft for preventing rotation ofthe supporting means.

29. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotatable, vertical shaft, a

series of vertically superposed, horizontal segmental floors or platforms carried by and rotatable with the shaft, a series of vertically superposed horizontal segmental floors or platforms alternately disposed relatively to the first mentioned iioors and carried by the shaft and rotatable in the direction opposite to that of the shaft, stationary tracks carried by the shaft, said tracks engaging the segments of the floors to retain them in horizontal alinement, therebeing a portion of each track depressed Whereby the segment above such depression Will assume an inclined position and interrupt the continuity of the ioor or platform.

30. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotary floor, a non-rotating casing surrounding the floor, and asingle, rotary support for the floor and casing.

31. An apparatus of the character described, having a plurality of rotary floors, a non-rotating` casing surrounding the floors, and a single support for the floors and casing.

34. An apparatus of the character described, having avrotary floor, a stationary casing surrounding the floor, and a single rotary support for the loor and casing.

35. An apparatus of the character described, having a rotary floor, a stationary casing surrounding the floor, a single rotary support for the floor and casing, and means for permitting relative movement of the casing and support.

36. An apparatus of the character described, having a plurality of rotary floors, a casing surrounding the ioors, and a single rotary support for the floors. and casing.

37. An apparatus of the character described, having a plurality of rotary floors, a stationary casing surrounding the floors, and a single rotary support for the floors and casing.

38. An apparatus 0f the character de- Y scribed, having a plurality 0f floors, a casing surrounding the iioors, a single, rotary member supporting the floors and casing, said floors rotating` With the member, a plurality of floors, means for rotating the latter floors in the direction opposite t0 that of the member, and means for preventing rotation of the casing.

39. An apparatus of the character described, having a plurality of floors each composed 0f pivoted elements, a easing surrounding the iioors, a track for engaging the elements of each iioor, a single, rotary member supporting the iioors, tracks and casing, said floors rotating with the member, a plurality 0f floors, each composed of pivoted elements, supported on the member, tracks engaging the elements, means for vrotating the latter floors in the direction opposite to that of the member, and means vfor pres venting rotation of the casing and tracks.

This specification signed and witnessed this fourteenth day of February, 1917.

ELLSWORTH B. A. ZWOYER.

Witnesses:

A. E. BENTON, J. G. McDnRMo'r'r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,V Washington, D. G.

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