US1289492A - Roofing-tile. - Google Patents

Description

PM McG. MCBEAN-' ROOFING TILE. APPLICATION map mum 191:.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918;

PETER McG. MCBEAN, 0]! SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

ROOFING-TILE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

Application filed January 8, 1917. Serial No. 141,144.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Prz'rnn MoG. MCBEAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and. useful Improvements in Roofing-Tiles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to roofing tiles.

The object is to enable these tiles to be made economically in great quantities and under such conditions that all sagging or warping or tendency to get out of shape while the material is in plastic condition, is overcome.

Tile roofs are made up of concavoconvex tile sections which are usually laid with their axes of curvature in line from the caves of the roof to the ridge and alternately with the concave and the convex surfaces uppermost; thus, a line of tile will be laid upon a roof, with the convex side downward, and the succeeding tiles in the line sufficiently overlapping the upper ends of the one below, to insure a continuous flow of water to the eaves, or discharge. The next parallel tiles on each side will be laid with the convex sides uppermost and they are laid in such relation to the first-named tiles that the edges of the eonvexly surfaced tiles will rest in the concavities of those first laid, and at a sufilcient distance apart to provide clear channels for the escape of water which falls upon the roof or surface covered by the tiles, the convex surfaces discharging each side from the top of the curve into the concave channels.

The tiles may be made of any lengths or sizes convenient for manufacturing, transportation and storage. In order to economize space in storage and transportation they should be made to nest.

Where these tiles are made singly it is difiicult to produce them economically, or perfect in design or form. A single tile made of plastic material like clay, is very liable to sag or warp, or otherwise become misshapen during the processes of manufacturing or baking, so that it will neither nest properly nor will it match up with its mates, or look, act or fit right when laid on a roof.

The present invention comprehcnds the making of tiles in multiple at a single operation and in such manner and form that they will not only nest when separated and stacked but the tiles of a unit will mutually support one another during the periods of formation or baking; the unit after baking being separated into its tile components along weakened lines of juncture, the finished and separated tiles being all counterparts one of the other, and adapted to nest for storage and transportation, and proper laying on the roof.

In my Patent 21,184,254, issued May 23, 1916, I have shown an apparatu whereby such a tile can be produced, and I have again illustrated. the apparatus here, although it is manifest that the shape and construction of the apparatus may be varied to make two or three. -or more tiles at one operation. or change the size or form of the finished tiles without altering the principle of the invention.

Having reference to the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the fragments of the die and core suitable for practising the invention.

Fig. 2 is an end view showing the die, core and intermediate form where the tile unit consists of three sections.

Fig. 3 is a perspective of a plastic material, or tile unit. after it has emerged from the die and been cut oil to the desired length.

Fig. 4 is a detail showing the score knives on the die and core.

Fig. 5 is a detail showing the score marks made on the plastic material as it emerges from the die.

Fig. 6 shows a tile unit of three sections.

Fig. 7 shows a tile unit of two sections.

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic View of the die and a cutter.

Having reference to the accompanying drawing, A is the outer member, usually made of metal of great strength so as to resist pressure, and B is the core. The space C between these parts represents the shape of the article to he produced.

D is an anger, screw, piston, plunger, or other appropriate means for feeding, propelling or forcing the plastic material through the die or mold. E is a cutter of any suitable design or structure for severing the cylindrical body of plastic matter as it issues from the die or mold into convenient tile lengths F.

The inner surface of the part A is made cylindrical. The core B, has its periphery formed of a plurality of segmental arcs of a curvature eccentric to that of the cylinder A, so that the space to be filled, and the resuiting product will be a number of crescent shapes. as shown in Figs. 2, 3, (i and 7. At the junction and thinnest part of each section scoring knives 2 are fixed in the die or ld, so that when the plastic material is forced through the die or mold these score knives will form grooves 3, along which the segments may be easily separated before or the die or mold; each tile section being a segment of a cylinder.

By this method of manufacture wherein a unit is produced containing a plurality of tiles, it is not only possible and practical for the manufacturer to obtain economically a greater increased output over any method by which tiles are formed singly, but what is after baking. By retaining the structure more important, in this unit, each section,

complete and undivided after its emergence which ultimately becomes a finished tile, from the die and while still in a green state, mutually supports th other section, nd th I am enabled to retain the shape and prevent tendency to sag and Warp previously menit from warping or being misshapen before tioned, is entirely obviated, s that a more or during baking; the grooves or score marks uniform and better product is produced and 3 enabling the units to be easily separated cheaper than by making the tile singly.

before or after baking. Each unit as it is In process of manufacture the unit may cut oil is of uniform cross section at all h stood on d, which is a further assurpoints in its length, with the inner and outer ance against the plastic tile becoming missurfaces of each tile section of the unit lying shapem in eccentric arcs of the same radii. IIhe By the term cylinder as used here n plastic article as a unit 15 preferably mainwith r ct t a til unit, I r fer to any, mined as EL will; during the 91ml 6 P F of tubular structure irrespective of crosssecmanufactureincluding baking; the tile sec- 5 h i hi h th are a ltitions going to make up the unit being subseplicity f mutually supporting tile members quently severed from their mates along the or til ti b d ing th haracteristlcs weakened lines of juncture 3. bov specified.

By reason of the cre t n the Having thus described my invention, what her surfaces, having the same radius as the I l i d d i b Secure b L tt B touter surface, but struck from different cenm i y tors and each {little being a cylindrical 1. The method of manufacturing roofing merit as distinguished from one of conoidal til f l ti t ri l, hi h go i t form, the tiles will fit closely upon the e in forcing the plastic materlal thro gll a Surface 0f the Preceding l when mold or die so as to produce simultaneously stacked up. and any number of the tiles may i li d i l f a number f t l} thus be piled up and Will ne t p rf y supporting tiles which are joined along through their length wltlwllt danger of laterally weakened lines of juncture, severfracture, and less space vill be occupied. i th ld d la ti t ial i t its of ()f course it it is desired to make a tile tile lengths, the tile sections of a unit havunit simply in two sections, as show In ing their inside and outside surfaces lying 40 7, the die members are shaped tl in arcs of the same radius, but the inside y- In Flgs- 3 l 7' the i110 SPQUUHS of and outside surfaces of each tile being dethe unit are approxinmtely 120 in length, scribed from different axes, and baking the measurin transversely of the tile, but obvitil Sectimm ously the length f)f the are in each case d6 Q The method 9f mfim facturing tiles pends on the desired amount of r g lrom pla tic material, which consists in the ridge of the tile. p1 oducllon of a cylindrical unit composed of n all instances. preferably the 1m mutually supporting connectedfilesections convex surface of the finished tile is a cylinseparable along a weakened line of juncture, drieal are, and the inner or concave surface the unit being in uniform cross section from is n similar arc, havingthe same radius, but end to end, and the inside and outside sure a different center. By placing this center faces of each tile section lying in eccentric at a distance from the first center, equal to arcs of equal radii and baking the tile secthe thickness required at the center of the tions. tile, and completing the line of curvature, 3. An article of manufacture, comprising the ends of the interior are will approach a. unit containing a plurality of tile sections those of the exterior one, thus making a united together into a continuous body havtransverse section of a tile in the form of ing transverse convexity and separable into a crescent. The two curvatures being equal, a plurality of tiles, each tile being a se cut: it is manifest that the finished tiles will nest of a cylinder, the tile sections' being oined perfectly throughout their length when suto one another along weakened lines and perimposed in piles. each tile section mutually supporting the The tile units are cylindrical in form, and other during the process of manufacture uniform in cross section from end to end; and the inside and outside surfaces lying in the cutter E moving to cut the plastic cylineccentric arcs of equal radii.

05 der into suitable tile lengths as it issues from 4. Anarticle. of manufacture, comprising other during the process of manufacture, lengths, each length of severed tn a plurality of conjoined tile sections unitedforcing the plastic material through. a (lie along weakened lines to permit their sepaor mold to produce a plastlc tube, cutting ration, each section mutually supporting the this 'plastic tube into uppl'ofiriate tile e embodyand'each sect1 0n being a segment of a c hnin a pluralit of mutually supporting tile der with the inside and outside sur ces sections, each section having inside and outlying in eccentric arcs of equal radii. side surfaces of the some radial length, but 5. As an article of manufacture, a strucdescribed from different axes, subsequently ture com osed of a plurality of crescent baking the severed lengths and later sepashaped ti es, the outer and inner peripheries rating the tile sections.

of which are formed to fit and nest with each In testimony whereof I have hereunt Set other. my hand in the presence of two subscribing 6. A roofing tile in the form of a cylinwitnesses. I drieal segment having its exterior and inte- PETER MCG MCBEAN rior surfaces of curvatures formed upon the same radius, but from separated centers. 7 Witnesses:

7. The method of manufacturing roofing JoHn H; Hnnnmo,

tiles from plastic material which consists in W W. Hnewt.

Disclaimer in Letters Patent 1289.492.

; 1,2s9,492.-P@m M06. McBcan, San Francisco, elm.

' rem end to end; and

separable along parallel weakened lines, the outer and inner peri tiles are formed DISCLAIMER. 7

- ROOFING-TILE. Patent dated December 31, 1918. Disclaimer filed March 9, 1921, by the assigneu, Gladding, 110312011 62: Company. Hereby enters this disclaimer- To those parts of claims 5 and 6 of said patent and specifications in the following words, to wit.

Your petitioner does hereby disclaim from claim 6 of said Letters Patent No. 1,289,492 any roofing tile or construction except where the said roofing-tile is a separated part of an original cylindrical structure, and which tile. after severance fron'i said structure, possesses the further characteristics that its lateral edges are arnllel for the entire length of the tile and the tile is of uniform cross-section disclaims from claim 5 of said patent any article except is composed of a plurality of connected crescent-shaped tiles heries of which of the-same radial length but generated from ifierent axes, so

that the tiles, when aepareted, are adapted to fit and nest with each other."

0 2M Gazette March 22, 1921.

\ vli'ere the st rneture

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