US1284468A - Apparatus for treating chemicals. - Google Patents

Description

I. D. SARTAKOFF.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING CHEMICALS.

APPLICATION FIL ED JUIIE 5, I917.

Patented Nov. 12, 1913.

3 SHEETS SHEEI I 9 vweutoz 3 'SHEETSSREE[ 2.

Patented Nov. 12,1918.v

J. D. SARTAKOFF. APPARATUS FOR TREATING CHEMICALS;

APPLICATION FLLED JUNE 5. I917.

J. D. SARTAKOFF. APPARATUS FOR TREATING CHEMlCALS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5.1917.

Pafvntvd Nov. 12, 1918.

3 bHEETS SHEET 3 .qlil,

JACK D. SARTAKOFF,

Specification of Letters Patent.

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or new Frees, 2r. '2.

MPABAT'CHS FOR TREATING GI-IEIEIGALS.

Patented Nov. 12, 1918.

Application filed June 1917. Serial E0. imam.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACK-D. SARTAKOFF, a

citizen of Russia, residing in thecity of New York, borough of Manhattan, county and State of New York, have invented a certain nen and useful Apparatus for Treating Chemicals, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is an apparatus for treating or manufacturing chemicals, and, while it is especially adapted for the manufacture of sodium salicylate, it is equally well adapted in the treatment and manufacture of analogous and 'difierent products. Its construction and operation will be described more particularly in connection with the manufacture of sodium salicylate in accord- -ance with the well known Bayer process, but, as suggested, the description of its use in this process will suggest its applicability to others.

As is well known, the Bayer process emhodies three main operations, viz., first, the production of sodium phenolate; second, the subsequent treatment of the dried phenolate with carbon dioxid under pressure, whereby the sodium phenolate is converted into sodium phenyl carbonate, and, third, the subsequent heating, in the presence of carbon dioxid, of the sodium phenyl carbonate in an autoclave, whereby the sodium phenyl carhonutc is converted into sodium salicylate. ln carrying out the second operation, the healing conducted at diiierent temperalures and pressurcs for certain periods, both the temperature and pressure being inr-roiucd as the process progresses.

The present apparatus embodies means for uiuomatically cputrolling said temperatures and pressures, and permits of the manufaclure of the product under consideration on an extensive commercial scale, and with gr at eiliciency and economy of operation. in hat a superior product is produced, a comparatively small amount of manual labor is required, and a minimum amount of fuel utilized.

in the accompanying drawings l have illu trated the pref-erred practical embodiment of my invention, hot it. will be under- ;--lood that vari doilu-r forms may he used, i.-ro'.'id-d they 'uuhody the distinguishing pr zipls-s and characteristics oi my appzu r nsuch as appear trom the hereinafter iii tailed descriptioi'i and appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal view of the apparatus, partly in elevation and partly in section.

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view, partly in section andpartly in elevation, s owing, in detail, one form of thermostatic control which ma be employed in regulating the operation 0 the apparatus, and particularly in controlling the temperature thereof, and

i is a cross-section on line'44 of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings, A is a heating furnace, exposed to the direct heat of which is a metal tank or receptacle B, preferably of steel or iron, in which are-located a plurality of metal drums, preferably stationary, C, shown as three in number, although any desired number may be used. Furnace A embodies the customary'elements, such as fuel charging door a, grate bars 32, heating fine 0, icy-pass d, which have a common exite to the stack, not shown, and damper f adapted to cooperate either with the flue c or bypass d.

Tank B contains a suitable heat-transferring, liquid medium 1'), preferably a heavypetroleum. the boiling point of which is upward of 220 degrees Centigrade. In order that the oil D in tank B may be kept at a uniform temperature, provision is made for keeping the oil in circulation, and, for this purpose, 1 employ one or more pumps, preferahly of the Archimcdcan screw type, em-

hodyin g a casing y, and helical screw it, fast on a shaft i, rotatable by suitable gearing In order to, spread the oil as it emerges from the top casing g, I may employ 3 bathsplato 7c.

The drums C, which may take the form of large pipes, are screwed at their ends into metal heads Z, the peripheries of which are secured in the brickwork of the furnace, as clearly appears in Fig. 2. tach of the drums C is provided with a suitable agitator embodying a rotatable shaft in, having outstamling,r=1 lial arms a, lo the ends of which are allixed scraping bars 0 0. extending longitudinally of the drum, said scraping bars having! I heir outer edges 'ircterubly serrated, as shown at pay). th so "rat ions of one our 0 iii-111;! slafSSLI-rcd with relation to the lions 7. of the other bar 0, Wherchvthe e uri'acc of the drum is thoroug. l

and their or swept. Shafts m are driven by means of beveled gears g, each of which has a cooperating driving gear main or power shaft 8.

' Each of drums C is provided with a valved inlet pipe at for liquid, and a valved inlet pipe at for a gas, such as carbon dioxid, there being a main carbon dioxid pipe u for supplying the .carbon dioxid. lipes t and u have a common entrance 1: to the drum, whereby the liquid under treatment may be admitted through pipe t, and the dried product obtained. therefrom treated with carbon dioxid introduced through pipe u. Intermediate T-shaped, tubular member 10, one leg w of which connects with a-vacuum gage y, and the other leg in of which connects with a vacuum gage y, the passage to the vacuum gage y being controlled by a valve a, and the passage to the vacuum gage 3 being controlled by a valve (1 Each of the drums C is also provided with a draw-oil pipe 6, having a closing cap 7. A vacuum main E is common to all the drums C, each of said drums being connected therewith through the medium of a pipe I), in which is positioned a manually operated valve 0, whereby the vacuum can be shut oil from the drums as desired.

It is frequentlydesirable to cool the drums contents quickly, and, with this object in view, the apparatus preferably embodies means. whereby the oil or other heating medium D in tank B may be readily cooled or chilled. To effect this result, I employ means for circulating said oil through an exterior cooling apparatus, said appa; a'atus embodying a rotar pump F, having a hot oil inlet d, exten ing to the bottom of tank B, the oil'outlet e from the pump being connected with a cooling coil G, having-anoutlet for cooled oil f leading'to the top of tank B. Cooling coil G is contained in a casing g supplied with cooling liquid, such as water, through pipe h and having an overflow i for the warm water.

In order tofully utilize the heat of the products of combustion, which theymay contain upon their escape from flue c or by-pass d, 1 position at the end of the apparatus farthest from the source of heat, and in proximity to exit flue e, an evaporating or drying receptacle or chamber H, preterably extending transversely of the apparatus, said chamber being provided with an inlet 8, outlet 9, and agitator or stirrer 10, as shown. Chamber H may, if desired,'be connected with vacuum main E.

Having described the apparatus enerally, as embodied in Figs. 1 and 2, will now describe a most important feature of the apparatus, viz., the thermostatic means for controlling damper 7, said means being shown diagrammatically and in detail in r positioned on a.

pipes to and 'v is a double- K, which meshes ment of the furnace which it is desired tokeep under control-is thedamper and the thermostatic apparatus embodies means'for operating this damper so that allows of the free passage of the products'of combustioneither through heatmg flue c, or through by-pass d, dependingon the temperature which it is desired to maintain in the drums C.

The prime mover of ,the thermostatic means is designated in Fig. 3 by the referdrums may be kept conence character I, and may embody any well I known form of thermostat. As hereshown, however, it'embodies two strips of material k and. 10 having different coefficients ofexpansion; in the instance shown, is representing iron, while [a reprcsents lead, the lead having the higher coefiicient or" expansion. These strips are secured together, preferably, by welding and, after being thus secured together, are bent into the general U-shape form, as shown. Thermostat T is immersed in the oil D, see Fig. l, with the end of one leg of the Ushaped portion of said thermostat fixedly secured to the top or cover of tank B, as at 10 while the other leg extends upwardly through a slotin said cover and is pivotally secured to a rack J, with which meshes a pinion y" fixed on shaft 7'2 Also fixed on shaft j is a gearwith a second rack J Mounted onrack form of a pendulum pivoted to a bracket Z on said rack and in electrical connection with an electrical circuit L fed from battery Z With a constructioi'r organized as described, it is apparent that, as the temperature of the oil D increases, the metals of which the thermostat prnd in accordance with their-well defined coefiicients of expansion, the lead or outer strip 11: expanding with greater rapidity than the result that the free leglr will approach the other leg thereof, and, in so by the arrow thereon. pinion 7" is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction, as shown by the arrow, carrying therewith gear K in the same direction, as noted by its directional arrow. Moreover, rack J which is in mesh with gear K, will be consequentlv moved tothe left, as noted by its directional arrow. carrying therewith the contact Z mounted thereon.

By this movement,

J is a contact Z, in the is composed will .ex-'

doing, move rack J to'the right, as noted rack K? in the same direction as that nor-' mally imparted by gear K to rack J liounted on rack K is a contact 5*. electrically connected to the source of electrical energy Z as shown, and the circuit L is adapted to be made or broken when relative nbvenient between the racks J and K so position pendulum contact Z that it engages contact Z.

From the description of the apparatusthus given, it will be apparent that the time train, operating through pinion M, moves rack K to the left, as indicated by the arrow thereon, While rack 2 is moved in the same direction by pinion K controlled by the heat of the oil bath operating through thermostat I and intermediate mechanism. The parts are so organized, however, that the contact of rack is always in advance of pendulum contact Z of rack J so that the circuit L is broken by the bridge between these contacts until pendulum contact Z, due tothe forward advance of rack J catches up and engages with contact Z If it be assumed that the time train is so controlling rack K as to advance it to the leftat a constant speed, it appears that the pendulum contact Z can only become engaged with contact Z* on said rack by the raising of the temperature of the oil bath to such extent as tomove rack J suiiiciently forward to overtake said contact l Pursuant to one of the objects of the invention, which is focontrol the raising of the temperature of the oil bath for predetermined periods of time, I utilize the coiiperating ac- 'tion between the racks J and K for controlling the heat applied to the oil bath,

and, as this may be most readily accomlished through the manipulation of the eat-controlling damper f, provision is made to govern the operation of' said damper through the operation of electrical circuit L, controlled by contacts Z and Z In circuit L is included an electro-magnet L, the armaturel of which carries, and is insulated from, a stem L on the lower end of which is formed a needle valve n. Stem sured at all times, it being manifest that,

If projects into a container 1?, in the bottom of which is a valve seat controlled by needle valve 71- of said stein. Fluid, such as water, is fed into container Nthrough an inlet 71 and may be kept at a constant Volume by means of a suitable overflow pipe a However. if desired, overflow pipe n may-be dispensed with and the level of liquid Within said container may be controlled by any well known formof float valve.

Communicating with the outlet of container N is d pipe n, the opposite end of wh ch is so positioned as to discharge liquid flowing therethrough into a receptacle or bucket O. Bucket O is suspended fromsa bail, to which is secured one end ofa chain or cable a which passes over suitably disposed direction rollers 0 and is secured at its opposite end to damper f, which controls the passage of the products of combustion through heating fine 0 or by-pass rl.

The weight of the empty bucket Oiand its adjuncts hereinafter described, is less than the weight of damper f, so that said damper normally gravitates into a position to leave heating due 0 open and to close by-pass 1].

If, however, the water in container N is allowed to flow through pipe n and into bucket 0, it being' assumed that the bucket is closed, the weight of said water will be suliicient to over-balance the weight of damper 7, thereby causing it to be raised to close carried out through the energization of magnet L, \l'lilCl'l attracts its armature L thereby lifting needle valve n and allowing of.

flue c and open by-pass cl. This operation is Magnet L has the further function of controlling the retaining of the water within bucket 0, since, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, armature L of said magnet, when the magnet is deenergized, rests upon a pair of spaced contacts 42 12 which form the terminals of an electric circuit P in which is included an electro-magnet P. Armature 79 of said electro-magnet P is secured to the stem 19 of a needle valve 72 for controlling. an outlet aperture 7) in the bottom of the bucket. When armature L is in a position to bridge contacts 37 and p magnet P is energized and needle valve 77 moved to a position to open outlet aperture 9 and allow the water to flow from the bucket into a sink Q positioned immediately therebeneath. However, when magnet L is energized, its armatiire L is lifted free from contacts 19 7), magnet l? is thereby deenergized, and needle valve .79 gravitates into a position to seal outlet'aperture 79". By virtue of'the fact that the flow of water into the bucket and the dischar e of said Water therefrom are controlled through unitary means, viz., armature L proper coordination between these operations is asat a constant level within the bucket, the superfluous water overflowing into sink Q. Moreover, magnet L has the further function of controlling the discharge of Water from bucket 0, since, as soon as said magnet 18 deenergized, its armature L will fall and bridge contacts p and 72 thereby completing the circuit through magnet P for the purpose of elevating needle valve 12 and opening the outlet 77, whereupon the described.

. operation ,is efiected at a temperature, e. 9.,

90 degrees centigrade', at which the thermo-' static apparatus 0 is not particularly affected. Said apparatus may, however, be employed, if desired, to so control the heat supplied to the bath D during the drying operation that the material within the drums C will not be over-heated or burned. When, however, it is desired to increase the temperature of the oil bath, say to 150 degrees centigrade, such elevation in temperature results in' the active operation of rack J sodium phenolate is fed into drums 0.

through their respective inlet pipes t. The furnace having been previously started, and

i the oil bath heated to the desired initial temperature, with the damper f in lowered position, the vacuum isapplied to vacuum main E and the agitators within the drums set in operation. As the result of the heat, partial vacuum and agitation, the liquid is -quickly concentrated and eventually evaporated to complete dryness within the drums. Assuming that the temperature at which the material finally dried is somewhat higher than that at which it i desired to effect the carbonating of the dry sodium phcnolate, the temperature of the oil bath may be quickly reduced to the desired degree by means of the oil circulatory apparatus described, embodying pump F cooling coil G and appurtenances. Assumin the required temperature in the drums 6 has been obtained, and that it is desired to begin the carbonation treatment, the valve 0' having been previously closed to shut off the vacuum, carbon dioxid is admitted to the apparatus by opening valved pipe 24, the de sired pressure being observed through pressure gage 3 As a general rule, it not necessary to employ the thermostatic regu lating apparatus during the drying operation described, and, in order to render said thermostatic apparatus inoperative, there is included in circuit L a manually operated commensurate with the action of thermostat 1. During this operation by the thermostat, the time train is operating either at constant or intermittent speed, as the case may be, to advance rack K at such-speed as-is calculated to produce a number of degrees rise in temperature through the predetermined period. The operations of rack K successively carry contact Z in a direction away fom pendulum contact Z, and, since damper f is in a position to allow '01 the heating of the oil bath D b "the hot products of combustion passing trough flue c as long as contacts Z and Z are free from engagement with one another, it will appear that, as contact Z moves away from contact Z, the oil bath D will be constantly raising internperaturc. When this temperature arrives at such a point that the operation of thermostat'I, acting through intermediate connec- Lions with rack J will cause contact ZPto overtake and engage with contact Z, circuit L will be completed, thereby lifting armature L of magnet L, breaking circuit P to allow of the seating of needle valve 12 and raising needle valve or to allow the water to run from container X into bucket O. The introduction of this water in bucket 0 results in the over-balancing of damper f, and causes the same to be elevated to close heating fine 0 and shunt the hot products of combustion through by-pass d. With this condition of the parts, a further elevation in temperature of the oil bath D will cease.

- If the time-train is operating intermittentlv. the engagement of contact Z with contact Z will continue through the period of rest or dwell of rack K or until said rack again starts to move forward. -How ever, if the time train is operating at eonstant speed, it will, in a very short time, move contact Z tree from contact Z, and, by so doing, release armature L with the result that needle valve n will seal container N, the circuit P being simultaneously ener ized to lift needle valve 39 and allow of t e draining ot' bucket As soon as bucket O is drained, its weight ceases to he sufiicient to over-balance damper f, and the latter gravitates to a position to close bypass (I and open heating-flue c. This having been accomplished, the hot products of combustion will immediately course through the heating flue and serve to further raise the temperature of the oil bath I), this elevation in temperature resulting inthe further operations on the part of the thermostat to advance contact Z sufi iciently to catch u and engage with contact 7;, whereupon circuit L is completed and the operations of closing and subsequently opening the damper, hereinbeiore described, are repeatcd.

In this manner, the heating of the Oil bath progresses in successive stages until the temperature has, attained a predetermined maximum. at which time contact Z will come into engagement with a fixed contact Z in electrical connection'with a branch of circuit L. Contact Z has no movement, and, since the engagement of contact Z with contact 1 immediatel precludes further heating it is manifest that "a further rise in temperature of the heating bath D will be impossible. This is because ofthe fact that, as soon as contact Z comes into engagement with contact Z, the damper will shunt the hot roducts of combustion through lay-pass d. The time train may, of course, continue to operate rack K after contact Z" has nassedthe fixed or stationary contact Z". but, after this has occurred, said contact Z will have passed out of the range of operation of pendulum contact Z .and will have no further cooperation therewith.

Contact Z has been described as stationary or fixed. but it will be understood that this terminology is to be construed as meaning that it is not moved or mechanically actuated' from the operating parts of the thermostat or time train. It may be manually adjusted to different positions with relation to the travel of contact Z in accordance with the predetermined maximum degree.

of heat desired. I

As has hercinbefore been pointed out, time train driven rack K may be actuated continuously or intermittently, as required. If it is desired to heat the material in tank C- to a gradually and continuously increas-. ing temperature. the time train will, naturallv. be actuated continuously: if. however, fill it is desired to i crease temperatures at successive stages, and to maintain said tempera tures for definite periods of time, then the time train will be driven intermittently. 2'. 12., will have times of dwell depending on the 6 length of the periods at which it is desired a plurality of drums. means to lree the material at a certain tempera.- ture or each of the successive periods. Clock-driven mechanism of the two types described, however, is so Well known that any further reference thereto is not deemed necessary or advisable. As heretofore suggested, asthe temperature at which the material is treated Is increased during the successive stagcs'of treatment, the pressure of carbon dioxid is also increased, and-this pressure is, preferably, maintained constant at any of the successive stages of treatment. That is to say, where the temperature is maintained constant for a given period, a certain pressure is employed, whereas at a successive period, where the temperature is increased, the, I pressure is also increased, but maintained constant for said period of constant temperature. Thus, e. g., the temperature of carbonation may begin at degrees centigrade, whereas the final conversion of the carbonate into salicylate of soda may take place at 200 degrees centigrade, this matter of temperature beina continued for quite a prolonged period. The pressure, on the other hand, may begin at 25 pounds and gradually increase, during the several successive changes in temperature, up to 150 pounds. it will be understood that changes and departures in the apparatus as described, as well as in the specific procedure outlined, may be made without departing from the i spirit of the invention, so faras concerns 1 the apparatus, the scope of which is coextensive with the appended claims.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a plurality of drums. means for heating the drums, and means for automatically regulating the increase in temperature within the drums at predetermined periods.

2. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a plurality of drums, means for heating the drums, and means for automatically regulating the increase in temperature within the i drums at predetermined periods and mainllb taining the temperatures substantially constant between the successive periods.

3. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a plurality of drums. means for heating the drums, means the increase in temperature within thedrums at predetermined periods, and means for applying gaseous pressure to the drums.

4. in an apparatus for treating chemicals, 4

for heating the 125 drums. means for automaticallyregulating the increase in temperature withinthe drums at predetermined periods and maintaining the temperatures substantially constant hetween the successiveperiods, and manually 13 for automaticallvregulating controllable: means for applying increased controlled means for increasing the pressure in the drum at each of the successive periods. 7. In an apparatus for treating chemicals,

' a heating drum, an oil bath cooperating with said drum for heating the same, means for .heatingthe oil bath, a thermostat for controlling the heating means, and a moving element controlled by a time train cooperating with the thermostat whereby the temperature of the oil bath maybe increased at predetermined periods.

8. In an apparatus for treating chemicals,

- a=heating drum, an oil bath cooperatingwith said drum for heating the same, means for heating the oil bath, a thermostat for con trolling the heating means, anda moving element controlled by a time train cooperating with the thermostat whereby the temperature of the oil bath may be increased for successive periods and kept constant between each of the periods.

9. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a heating drum, a chamber adapted to contain a heat-transferring medium for heating said drum, means for circulating said heattransferring medium whereby its temperature is kept uniform, and means for cooling said medium.

10. In an apparatus for treating chemicals,

a heating drum, a chamber adapted to containa heat-transferring medium for heating said drum, means for circulating said heat-transferring medium whereby its temperature is kept uniform, and means for circulating said medium'exteriorly of the chamber-through a refrigerating means whereby the medium is cooled.

11. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a heating drum, means for heating the same, means for automatically regulating the temperature of the heating means, and an agitator in said drum-adapted to scrape the inner surface thereof, the scraping edge of' said agitator being serrated.

12. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a heating drum, means for heating the same, means for agitating the contents of the drum, vacuum means connected with the drum, ani inlet and an outletto the drum for the material being operated upon, and means for introducing carbon dioxid into the drum.

13. In an apparatus for treatin chemicals, a heating drum, a liquidbath or heating said drum, means for automatically increasing the temperature thereof at predetermined, successive intervals, means for circulating the liquid bath whereby its tem-' perature is maintained substantially uniform, and means for circulating the liquid bath exterior ofthe drum through a cooler.

14. In an-apparatus for treating chemicreasing the temperature thereof at prede- I termined, successive intervals, means 'for' circulating the liquid bath whereby its temperature is maintained substantially uniform, means for circulating the liquid bath exterior of the drum through a cooler, an agitator within the drum, and means for introducing carbon dioxid within the drum.

16. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a heating drum, a liquid bath for heat ing said drum, means for automatically increasing the temperature thereof at predetermined, successive intervals, means for circulatin the liquid bath whereby its temperature 1s maintained substantially uniform, means for circulating the liquid bath 1 exterior ofithe drum through a cooler, an

agitatorwithin the drum, means for in. ,troducing carbon dioxid within the drum,

and means for creating a partial vacp um within the drum.;

17. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a chamber adapted to contain a liquid heat-transferring medium, a plurality of drums exposed to the heating action of said medium, a furnace for heating the chamber, a heating flue and a by-pass for said furnace, means for directing the passage of the products of combustion either through the fiue or the by-pass, and automatic means, cooperating with said directing means for closing off theproducts of combustion from the flue and directing them through the bypass when the heat-transferring medium in the chamber attains a predetermined degree.

.18. In an apparatus for treating'chemicals, a chamber adapted to contain a liquid heat-transferring medium, a plurality of nuns exposed to the heating action of said medium, a furnace for heating the-chamber,

a heating flue and a b -pass for said furnace, means for. dircting t e passage of the products of combustion either through the flue or the by-pass, automatic means, coiiperatmg with said directing means, for closing off the products of combustion from the flue and directing them through the by-pass when the heat-transferring medium in the chamber attains a predetermined degree, said latter means embodying a bucket coperating with said controlling means and adapted, when a fluid Weight is added thereto, to shut 0d the products of combustion from the heating flue, and thermostatic means automatically controlling the infl w of water to said bucket. f

19. In an apparatus for treating chemi cals, a plurality of heating drums, a liquid heat-transferring bath for heating said drums, a furnace for heating said bath, said furnace being provided with a heating flue through which the products of combustion pass to heat the bath, and a by-pass through which the products of combustion pass directly to the stack, and a damper normally closing the by-pass'but adapted to open the by-pass and close the heating flue when a suitable, cotiperating counter-balance is brought into operation, in combination with thermostatic means and intermediate mechanism for operating said counter-balance when the temperature of the heat-transferring bath attains a predetermined deree. 20. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a heating drum, a liquid bath for imparting heat to said druuit means for heating the liquid bath, means for regulating the temperature of said heating means, and thermostatic mechanism, controlled by a time train, coiiperating with said temperature regulating means, for automatically and successively raising the liquid bath to predetermined temperatures.

21. In an apparatus for treating chemicals, a heating drum, a liquid bath for imparting heat to said drum, means for heating the liquid bath, means for regulating th tein erature of said heatin means and thermostatic mechanism, controlled by a time train, coperating with said temperature regulating means, for automatically and successively raising the liquid bath 0 predetermined temperatures, and maintaining the liquid bath at a substantially constant temperature for a succession of predetermined periods.

In. testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

JACK D. SARTAKOFF.

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