US1093749A - Cyanamid-producing apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

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mats in. WEAVER, or HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

GYANAMID-PRODUCING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 9, 1913'. Serial No. 772,600.

To all whom 1' 1% may concern:

Be it known that I, VICTOR M. l/VEAVER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Harrislmrg, in the county of Dauphin and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gyanamid-Producing Apparatus; and I do hereby declare -the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. 1

My invention relates to apparatus for treating calcium carbid to produce calcium 'cyanamid, and has amol g its objects that of simplifying the means employed, as compared with those at present in use for like purposes; of rendering the operation practically automatic, continuous and economical; of obtaining increased efficiency by avoiding the interruptions and uneven temperatures incident to the ordinary use of retorts and ovens heretofore employed for like purposes, wherein it has been customary to introduce measured charges of calcium carbidintermittently, with a consequent delay between reactions, and wherein such reactions were necessarily slow because of the time required to thoroughly permeate a latent body of calcium carbid with the necessary amount of nitrogen gas to insure the proper chemical action and produce the desired calcium cyanamid.

With these and other objects in view the present invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter particularly described and pointed out in the claims following.

In the accompanying drawings which form part of this application for Letters Patent, and whereon like characters indi- .catecorresponding parts in the several views: Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention with one side-wall of the furnace removed, the carbid hopper being in section, and the gas tight bells at opposite ends of the apparatus being shown diagrammatically, and, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the invention with the furnace crown or dome removed upon Peference being had to the drawings and numerals thereon, 1 indicates a gas ti ht cyanamid producing oven or furnace pre erably made of fire-brick, its roof and sides being reinforced by an exterior jacket or front, is a sheet iron opening the section line 2 -2 of Fig. 1.

'nected to the outlet 17 at inner end covering 2 of sheet iron adapted to retain nitrogen gas under pressure of about two atmospheres more or less. The roof of furnace 1 is .referably crowned as shown b Fig. 1 of t e drawings, and is provided wit pipes 3 for the circulation of water as may be required, in order that an even temperature of approximately I000 centigrade more or less may be maintained'within the furnace. At its front, furnace 1 is provided with a horizontal feed opening 4 extending practically across the width of furnace, and immediately above, bolted to the furnace hopper 5 for calcium carbid having a constricted throat 6 adjacent to feed opening 4, a gas tight bell 7 above for preventing escape of gas, and a feed-plunger casing latter is reciprocally mounted a feed plunger 9 conforming in shape to its casing 8, and rcciprocated by a pitman 10 extending through the end of said casing, in turn actuated by an eccentric drive whcel'11, driven by any suitable power. In addition to bolts 12 by which said hopper 5 and easing 8 are secured to furnace 1, supports such as uprights 13, 13 may be provided, as shown.

Connected and projecting through the furnace feed- 4 well into the furnace as shown, is a sloping heating plate 14 preferably of cast iron, provided with a gas heating pipe 15 embedded therein in convolute arrangement as best shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, having an inlet 16 at its outer end and an outlet 1 at its inner end for purposes which will later appear; or if desired the gas passage in said plate 14 may comprise merely a continuous connected series of perforations or passages having an inlet and outlet at opposite ends as stated.

Extending outward from the top of furnace 1 is a nitrogen gas pipe 18 which encircles hopper 5 spirally and connects directly with inlet 16 of the gas heating pipe 15 embedded as aforesaid in plate 14, but obviously this connection between the interior of furnace 1 and pipe 15 may be variously made, more or less directly; before entering plate 14, however, the pipe 18 should be provided with a controlling valve 19, and should be intersected by a lateral 20, also valve controlled as at 21, for furnishing a fresh supply of purified nitrogen gas from any suitable source (not shown). fCoir:-

o t e Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

8 below within which to the lower edge of easing 8 circulating pipe 15, is a depending pipe 22 leading to a blower 23 situated in a blower compartment 24, and thence through a partition wall 25 into nitrogen chamber 26.

Immediately beneath the heating plate 14 at top of blower compartment 24 is situated a gas or other heater 27, provided with a supply pipe 28 communicating with any suitable source of gas or liquid fuel supply, for raising and maintaining plate 14 at the required degree of temperature. Projecting upward from the top of partition wall 25, and likewise from the top of a lower end wall 29 both crossing the furnace transversely, are a double series of guiding studs 30, between which are located adjacent sections of reversely reciprocating grate bars 31 each perforated as at 32, and like plate 14 sloping downwardly at a like angle of inclination. At their upper ends these grate bars 31are connected by short pitman rods 33 to a multiple crank shaft 34 which is rotated continuously in one direction by any suitable power, thereby imparting to adjacent bars 31 a continuous'and alternate reciprocal longitudinal motion.

In rear of the end wall 29, between it and the back wall 35 of the furnace proper, is provided a drop chute 36, within which is located a damper 37 having an exposed operating lever 38, and a suitable gas bell 39 of any well known construction, adapted to be closed alternately while removing the finished product from the furnace through the arch 40 provided in said back wall. The sides of furnace 1 are furthermore provided with mica-covered observation holes 41 as shown, and in order to guard against the escape of carbidbetween the furnace side walls and ends of the heating plate 14', these spaces may be spanned by outwardly flaring guard lates of sheet metal 42, as shown, or equiva ent means.

The uses and operation of my invention are substantially as follows: By agency of heater 27 plate 14 is heated to the proper degree of temperature, a supply of powdered calcium carbid (0210,) being introduced into hopper 5 through the gas tight bell or trap 7, isfed through throat 6 and furnace mouth 4 distributing itself, more or less uniformly, over the sloping surface of plate 14 as indicated by Fig. 1. Plunger 9 now brought into action serves to continuously stoke or feed the carbid, step by step, over the plate 14 aforesaid, and onto the sloping and constantly reciprocating grate bars 31 as also shown by Fig. 1. Commercially pure nitro gen gas now introduced through supply pipe 20 circulates through pipe 15 and is conducted through pipe 22 to blower 23 by which it is forced into the nitrogen chamber 26 under pressure, thence upward through perforations 32 and the relatively thin layer of carbid in a state of constant agitation above where the nitrogen reacts with the carbid to form the desired calcium cyanamid (CaNCN). This reaction or combustion of carbid and nitrogen also gives off heat to such an extent that the necessary temperature for a continuous reaction is maintained with little or no further assistance from heater 27, although it is very important to keep the temperature of the heating zone of the furnace between certain well understood limits, this being greatly facilitated by agency of the cooling jacket hereinbefore mentioned comprising the circulating water pipes 3 embedded in the furnace cover or roof, also by regulating the speed with which carbid is stoked or fed continuously onto the grate bars 31, and there agitated, thus bringing the nitrogen into intimate contact with all particles of the carbid in its passage. This agitation of the carbid in addition serves the useful purpose of presenting all surfaces of the carbid particles to action of the uprising nitrogen gas, and breaks u clinkers which might otherwise be forme The furnace is thus constantly charged with a nitrogen atmosphere under slight pressure, the uprising excess gas finding exit through pipe 18 past its controlling valve 19, and back into circulation as before, a suitable amount of fresh nitrogen being, of course, constantly admitted by way of the supply pipe 20, and mingled with the hot gas drawn from top of the furnace as aforesaid. The finished, roduct after traversing the length of grate bars 31 is discharged into the down chute 36 where it may be trapped at intervals by closing damper 37, and removed by opening the gas bell 39 ready for commercial uses.

I have now shown and described the best form of my improved cyanamid producing apparatus at present known to me, but obviously various changes in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinbefore set forth may be madeand substituted without materially altering the operation or departing from the spirit of my invention, and to such equivalents I herein lay claim.

Having thus described my improvements what I new claim is.

1. In a cyanamid producing apparatus the combination in a heating zone, of grate bars within said zone adaptedto be constantly agitated, a heating plate adjacent to said bars having a therein, means or continuously feeding calcium carbid over said plate and grate bars, and means for continuously forcing a supply of nitrogengas through said bars and body of calcium carbid.

fgas heating pipe embedded j 2. In a cyanamid producing ap aratus the combination in a heating zone, 0 grate bars within said zone adapted to be constantly agitated, a heating plate adjacent to said bars having a gas heating pipe embedded therein, a burner beneath said plate, means for continuously feeding calcium carbid over said plate and grate bars, and means for continuously forcing a supply of nitrogen gas through said bars and body of calcium carbid.

3. In acyanamid producing apparatus the combination in a heating zone, of downwardly sloping grate bars within said zone adapted to be constantly agitated, a downwardly sloping heating plate adjacent to said bars having a gas heating pipe embed ded therein; means for continuously feeding calcium carbid over said plate and grate bars, and means for continuously forcing a supply of nitrogen gas through said gas heating pipe, grate bars and body of calcium carbid.

4. In a cyanamid producing apparatus the combination in a gas tight heating zone, of grate bars within said zone arranged and adapted to be constantly agitated, a heating plate adjacent to said bars, a gas pipe leading from the interior of said heating zone through said heating plate and beneath the grate barsaforesaid, means for continuously feeding calcium carbid over said plate and grate bars, and means for continuously forcing a supply of nitrogen gas through said bars and body of calcium carbid thereon.

5. In a cyanamid producing apparatus the combination in a gas tight heating zone, of perforated grate bars within said zone arranged and adapted to be constantly agitated, a heatin plate adjacent to said bars, a gas pipe lea ing from the interior of said heating zone circuitously through said heating plate and beneath the grate bars, a fresh nitrogen supply pipe communicating with the gas pipe aforesaid, means for continuously feeding calcium carbid over said plate and grate bars, and a blower for continuously forcing a supply of nitrogen gas through the perforations of said grate bars and body of calcium carbid thereon.

6. In a cyanamid producing apparatus the combination in a heating zone, of parallel grate bars within said zone, a heating plate adjacent to said bars having a gas heating pipe embedded therein, a power" driven multiple crank shaft for constantly agitating adjacent grate bars in reverse direct-ions, means for continuously feeding calcium carbid over said bars, and means for continuously forcing a supply of nitrogen gas through said bars and body of calcium carbid thereon.

7. In a cyanamid producing apparatus the combination in a heating furnace, of grate bars within said furnace arranged and adapted to be constantly agitated, a heat storing and radiating plate projecting into the furnace through its mouth and having a gas heating coil embedded therein, a calcium carbid hopper at the mouth of the furnace, a stoker for continuously feeding calcium carbid over said plate and grate bars, and means for continuously forcing a supply of nitrogen gas through said bars and body of calcium carbid thereon from beneath.

8. In a cyanamid producin apparatus the combination ina gas tight heating fur nace, of downward sloping grate bars within said furnace arranged and adapted to be constantly agitated by mechanical means, a heat storing and radiating plate projecting into the furnace over the upper end of said grate bars having a gas heating pipe embedded therein, a calcium carbid hop-per at the mouth of the furnace, a power driven reciprocating plunger for continuously feeding calcium carbid from said hopper to and over said grate bars, means for continuously forcing a supply of nitrogen gas through said as heating grate bars and calcium carbid t ereon, a chute at the discharge end of the apparatus for receiving the finished product, and gas tight closures for opposite extremities of the apparatus, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in presence of the subscribing witnesses.

VICTOR M. WEAVER. Witnesses:

J. L. STEWART, EDWARD M. WINTERS, FREDERICK M. On.

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