US1280455A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

E. A. HAND.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 22. 1916.

LEEUAMD Patented. 001:. 1, 191%.

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Specification 0 Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 1, 19118..

Application filed December 22, 1916. Serial No. 138,500.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELMER ALEXANDER HAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Walton, in the county of Delaware and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements 'in- Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and more especially to those which use a mixture of h dro-carbon. and water or steam; and the ob ect of my invention is to produce an attachment which may be readily applied to most types of engines now employed in automobiles, by means of which a desired proportion of hot water can be taken from the radiator and vaporized or atomized and supplied to the mixture flowing from the carbureter to the cylinders. I find that the vaporizing of the water is most easily efiected and that the results achieved are most satisfactory, when hot air is used, and accordingly I apply a drum to the exhaust manifold and pipe the hot air from this drum to the air inlet of the carbureter, and it is a branch from this pipe which is led to the atomizer.

Further details are explained in the following specification and shown in the drawings wherein: t

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine and radiator in diagram,showing the application of this attachment thereto.

F-i 2 is an enlarged sectional detail of the attac ment.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic section illustrative of the source from which the hot air is drawn.

In the drawings I have used the letter E to designate broadly the engine, R the radiator, P a pipe returning water from the jackets of the engine to the radiator, C the carbureter, and M the exhaust manifold; and these parts may have their usual or any preferred construction and location. I preferably employ a drum 1 partly or wholly surrounding the exhaust manifold and having air inlets 2 at suitable points, and the air therein is heated and conducted through a pipe 3 to the air intake of the carbureter G. No novelty is claimed for this detail alone, as I understand it is quite common to heat the air that is supplied to the carbureter, but ll make use of the heated air flowing-through the pipe 3, as will be seen From a in said. pipe I branch another pipe through point 4;

which warm air is led to the air inlet of my atomizer, best seen in'Fi 2. From any suitable point connected wit 1 the radiator, preferably a point 6 in the water-return pipe P, I lead another pipe 7 which is connected to the water inlet of the atomizer as seen in Fig. 2. Said atomizer as a Whole maybe located near the carbureter, in rear of the radiator R, and out of the way under the hood, as seen in Fig. 1, although ll do not wish to be limited in this respect.

The atomizer itself'comprises a tubular body 10and a branch 13 leading obliquely into the body near its outlet end. The water pipe 7 leads through a control valve 17 and thence into the inlet end of the body,

and the air pipe 5 leads through a control valve 15 into the outer end of the branch 13, the inner end of the latter communicating at 14: with the bore of the body near the outlet end of the latter. Within said bore is located a spray nozzle 16 of an exterior diameter smaller than said bore, and whose purpose is to break up or atomize the inflowing water, whereas the air admitted at the point 14 flows all around this nozzle and past its tip, and its urpose is to vaporize the water or spray. onnected with the body 10 is an outlet pipe 18 which leads from the atomizer to the intake manifold betweenthe carbureter and the engine.

When now this attachment is applied and the engine started, the suction within its cylinders is communicated back through the pipe 18 and draws air through the branch 13 and pipe 3 from the air heater, which is herein described as the drum 1. Said suction also draws water from the nozzle 16, which water is supplied through the pipe 7 from a suitable point in the radiator or the pipe P thereof. The Water is broken up or atomized by the nozzle, and is vaporized by the rush of hot air past such nozzle, and the suction draws this vapor into the mixture produced by the carbureter, and dilutes said mixture at a point between the carbureter and the cylinders.

l find by experience that when the mixture is so diluted with vapor or steam, much better results are attained, with less consumption of fuel. The obvious use of the valves 15 and 17 is to regulate the admission of hot air and water so as to produce the best results, according to the requirements of the engine and the variations in the tempera and humidity at the to time air can be shut off entirely at 15, and water permitted to flow into the cylinders to flush them and drive out the loose particles of carbon.

What is claimed as new is:

In combination with an internal combustion engine, a drum surrounding the exhaust pipe and a pipe leadin from said drum to the air intake of the car ureter; an atomizer connected with the intake manifold and comprising a body provided with a horizontal bore and an upwardly inclined bore communicating therewith, a branch pipe connected with said hot-air pipe and communicating with said inclined bore, said body being provided with a passage leading into said horizontal bore, a nozzle extending into said horizontal bore and threaded into the outer end of said passage and communicating with the water supply system of the en-v gine.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ELMER ALEXANDER HAND.

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