US1280407A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

A. F. COUFFINHAL.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION' FILED FEB. 29, 1916.

Patented Oct. 1, 1918.

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Wfnegg 8 5 a e/ww- AUGUSTE F. COUFFINHAL, 0F SEVRES, FRANCE.

CARIBURETER.

nesoao'r.

v Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Got. 1, 1918.

Application filed February 29, 1916. Serial No. 81,213.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUs'rE Fnnnnnro OOUFFINI-IAL, a French citizen, residing at 18 Grande Rue, Sevres, (S.-et-O.,) France, have invented a new and useful Carbureter for Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

In a prior application No. 21,153, filed the 13th day of April, 1915, I have described a carbureter for internal combustion engines in which it is possible to adjust separately the varied amounts of air and fuel wanted by the motor during its three more important speeds; this prior carbureter, as described in the first specified form, includes two nozzles. The object of thissecond application concerns a carbureter Where the number of nozzles is variable according to the capacity of the motor. The principal involved in the regulation of fuel is the same in the two apparatus; it requires a nozzle acting alone when the motor runs slowly and free, this nozzle acting normally when the mOtOr runs under load at a moderate speed but being reversed that is to say supplying the motor with air instead of fuel when the motor runs at itsgreatest speed under light load. The distinctive features of this new carbureter are a hollow throttle valve of the rotary type and the suspended nozzles, with their caps, in the arrangement and form as hereafter described.

The invention is shown by way of example in the annexed drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the body.

view of the throttle valve, shows particu-- larly how a transverse channel divides the outlet of this throttle into two semicircles and forms a notch on the edge of this outlet; Fig. 6 is an elevation of a group of three nozzles; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the same;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a group of caps for covering thenozzles; Fig. 9 is a section on the line ae of Fig.8. Fig. 10, and Fig. 11, are sections on the line y of a carbureter that would have but a single nozzle.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the various figures.

lVith regard to the invention claimed as new it is to be stated that the several parts included in the carbureter are not individua-lly or separately claimed as the invention but these parts in combination as hereafter described.

The aforesaid features are embodied in the construction of the carbureter shown in Figs. 1 to 4; the body portion containing a float chamber 1, of the usual construction, which is not a part of the invention, a nozzle chamber 2 and a channel 3; this channel receives at its lower portion the air that is to be carbureted; it forms in its middle portion the casing of the throttle and it is bored by a channel 4 through which passes the screw 27 to adjust it.

Thethrottle valve 10 (Figs. 2 to 5) is a hollow throttle of the rotary type; it has its inlet at 3 (Fig. 3) and an outlet 12, 12 (Fig. 5); this outlet bored through its wall is of the same diameter that the port way 5 (Figs. 2 to 5) on which is secured the induction pipe leading to the engine. Through the throttle runs a channel 13 (Figs. 3, 4) which, by its outlet 15, (Figs. 2, 4) divides the outlet of the throttle into two approximate semicircles 12, 12 (Fig. 5;) its width being greater than the diameter of the outlet of the throttle, it forms then on the edge thereof a notch 14 (Fig. 5). The transverse channel 13 receives by its inlet 16 (Figs. 2, 4) the fuel that flows from the nozzles and also, but only when the motor runs free, the air of the channel 4; it obturates but a portion of the area of the section of the throttle (Figs. 2 4) so that the air that ascends through the inlet 3 of the throttle may reach, by each of its sides 31, 31, as well the aperture 12 as the aperture 12, (Fig. 5.) This transverse channel has, besides, a hole 26 bored through its lower wall, that is constantly opened in the air It communicates at its base with the float chamber by the passage way 36 (Fig. 2)

and at its upper portion its Walls are bored.

portion there is a shoulder 6 (Figs. 2, 3, =1)

upon which the nozzles and their caps are held by a screw 29 (Fig. .2) that runs through the projection 30 on the casing 3 (Figs. 1, 2). As may be seen in the drawing (Fig. 3 or Fig. 1) it is possible to bore through the walls of the chamber 2 not only three channels77, S8, 99 as shown but a greater number if desired, in the case for'instance of an engine of great capacity. The nozzles 17, 18, 19 (Figs. 7, 6) are secured on a single block 20 (Figs. 7, 6) that has an extending flange 21; they are downwardly continued by the tubes 17, 18, 19 one of which is shorter than the others; the flange of this block 17 is shaped to fit the shoulder 6 (Fig. 3) in the chamber 2.

The cap of the nozzles may be combined in another single block 25 (Figs. 8, 9) that like the block of the nozzles is shaped forthe upper portion of the chamber 2 (Figs. 2, .3, 4:); this block is bored by as many cylindro-conical channels 2222, 2323", 24.2 l and the like (Figs. 8, 9) as the chamber contains nozzles; it has, in the same manner, as many cavities 34 (Figs. 9 and 3) by which it covers the nozzles; Fig. 3 shows at 25 a section of this cap on the line -V (Figs. 8, 9); the block 25 is pressed down on the flange of the group of nozzles by the single screw 29 which holds them in place. The annexed drawings show the caps grouped in a single block but it must be understood that this common block may be divided and form as many distinct'caps as there are nozzles in the chamber; in this case a plate laid on the cap 32 (Fig. 3) permits all to be held upon the nozzles with the single screw 29 (Fig. 3) before referred to.

Regulation of fueZ.-As aforesaid it is possible with my improved carbureter to prepare separately the right proportion of air and fuel necessary to obtain a mixture of maximum eiliciency and economy for the three more important speeds of the motor: slow speed, when the motor runs free; moderate speed, when it runs under load; greatest speed, when it runs under light load; this regulation is effected as follows:

If the motor is to run slowly the throttle valve 10 has the position shown in Fig. 1, its transverse channel 13 receives by its inlet 16 the fuel from the nozzle 17 through the passage 7 and the air by the hole 26 and the adjustable channel 1; its outlet 15, the notch 14 excepted, is shut by the wall of the casing 3 it is then easily seen that with such an arrangement the nozzle 17 the air channel 4 and the notch 14 are independent of the other channels of air or fuel and may be adjusted as is suitable to obtain a slow running of the motor as desired; these parts form indeed a complete carbureter, where the transverse channel 16 is the vaporization chamber and the notch 14 the outlet of this chamber. i 1 When the motor runs-under load and consequently with moderate speed, the throttle 10 has the position shown in Fig. 2; its outlet, that is to say the two semicircles 12, 12 (Fig. 5) coincide exactly'with the port 5 (Figs. 2, 3) upon which the induction pipe is fixed so that the outlet 15 of the transverse channel 13, the notch 14 excepted, is entirely opened in front of the port and in registry with 5 and the induction pipe while the inlet 16 of this transverse channel 13 receives from the'nozzles through the passageway 7, 8, 9 the sprays of fuel thereof The amount of air that enters into the induction pipe is determined by the sizes of the two semicircles 12, 12; it suffices then to carburet this air in a right'proportion by varying the diameter of the orifice of the nozzles or, in an easier manner by changing the caps for others caps the channels of which are either narrower or wider; with a larger channel-the flow of fuel decreases, with a narrower one it increases.

When the motor runsat its greatest speed the throttlevalve has the same position as in the preceding case but because the suction of the piston is greater on account of the greater velocity thereof it happens that the level of the fuel in the nozzle chamber, as in the float chamber falls lower than the inlet of the short nozzle 17 (Fig. 6.) From that time this nozzle supplies the motor with the air that'flowsthrough the channel of its cap but not with fuel since its tube does not immerse into the fuel.

It is surely advantageous to multiply the number of nozzles in proportion of the capacity of the'motor in order to obtain a perfect atomization or vaporization of the fuel, and by this way, a mixture of high explosive quality but, with a motor of little size a single nozzle may be sufficient; the

carbureter is in this case, of a simpler conf struction; Figs. 11, 10, that are sections on the line y-y (Fig. 1) in this modification and show the disposition that may be adopted; the transverse channel 13 is shown, not

'in the middle of the throttle as in the first in Fig. 10; it receives the spray from the nozzle and carries it into the induction pipe where the air arrives at the same time by the two semicircles 12,12 (Fig. 5;) it suffices thento adjust either the orifice of the nozzle or the channel of its cap to realize the mixture of maximum power; if the motor runs at a greater speed the suction of the pistons is greater and the mixture has a tendency to be over rich but, again, because the velocity of the piston is greater the level of the fuel in the nozzle chamber falls and this fall causes the feed of fuel to decrease.

When the motor runs slowly, free, the throttle has the position shown in Fig. 11; the nozzle (single) the notch 14, the air channel 4 and the hole 26 (Fig. 11) in which the part of the hole 26 is very important owing to its place in the transverse channel for the feeble suction of the pistons through the notch 14 first draws air through this aperture and the flow of fuel of the nozzle is so diminished. By working the screw 27 it is possible to adjust the exact quantity of air that is to be added to the air of the hole 26. V 7

So, in all cases, my improved carbureter has means for ad usting in a right proportion the amounts of air and fuel for all speeds of the motor Without the aid of needle valves or extra air valves of any description. a

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A carbureter having a nozzle chamber and a valve chamber and a port connecting said chambers, said valve chamber having an air inlet and an outlet to the manifold, a rotary valve in said chamber having a pair of ports therein one communicating with the air inlet and the other with theoutlet, a channeled member carried by said valve and transversely arranged therein and dividing the outlet therefrom into two parts and means for rotating said valve to cause said channeled member to communicate with the port leading from the nozzle chamber.

2. A carbureter comprising a casing provided with a fuel port, an outlet and an air inlet, a rotary valve in said casing, a transversely arranged channeled member carried by said valve for placing the fuel inlet in communication with the outlet, said valve having ports communicating with the air inlet and outlet, and an adjustable air inlet in the casing in the path of said valve.

8. A carbureter comprising a casing having its lower end open and provided with an outlet port, a rotary valve in said casing having its lower end open and in communi cation with the open end of the casing and having an outlet, a transversely arranged channeled member carried by said valve and having one end thereof extending diametrically across the outlet of the valve and its other end passing through the wall of said valve, a nozzle chamber in communication with said member, said member having an opening in its lower portion, and means for rotating the valve.

4L. A carbureter comprising a casing having a valve chamber and a nozzle chamber in communication with each other, a valve in said valve chamber, a transversely arranged channeled member carried by said valve intermediate its ends, said valve having an outlet port on each side of said memher, and a plurality of ports connecting the nozzle chamber with the said member.

5. A carbureter comprising a casing having a valve chamber and a nozzle chamber, a cylindrical valve in said valve chamber having a circular outlet port in its wall provided with a notch in one part of its wall, a channeled member transversely arranged in said valve and extended from one side to the other thereof with one end dividing the outlet port in half and its edge seated in the notch, nozzle means in said nozzle chamber, and means for placing the channeled member in communication with the nozzle chamber.

AUGUSTE F. OOUFFINHAL.

Witnesses:

J. RICKMAN, J. R. LEBEAU.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

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