US1279472A - Method and apparatus for erecting concrete structures. - Google Patents

Description

E. R..sP'm|\|GER. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ERECTINC` CONCRETE STRUCTURES. v

' Patented sept. 17, ,1918.Y

APPLICATION FILED APR. l5. l9l8.

H .F w H w. w n n -am M S y. 4 o@ m l n 0T F e m n, PAI l w f d Z O 5 5, .x8 l1. C 8 u nr M vnl. 2 7 .n 4 y il- 9 7 m 2 1 INvENToR E. R. SPRINGER. M'ETHUU AND APPARATUS FOR ERECTING CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I5 l9l8.

11119111611 sept. 17,1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. VR. SPRINGER'. METHOD AND APPARATUS EUR ERECTTNC CONCRETE STRUCTURE APPLICATION FILIED APR. I5. ISIIBY. 1,279,472.

Patented sept. 17,1918. l

,4 SHEETS-SHEET a.

E.- R. sPRl, NGER. METHOD AND APPARATUISVFOR ERECTING CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

PR.15.1918. l

' Patented Sept. 17, 19,18.

, APPLICATlo'N H L'Eo 4 sHEETs-sHET 4.

iisg.

d INVENTOR.-

-. To all 'whom may concern:

UNITED STAT-Es PATENT ormoni.

ERNEST n.. SIRINGEB., or BosToN, nAssAcnUsETTs, .Assrenon oF 'ONE-mr nowannn. wH1TING,.oFcAMBnmeE, MASSACHUSETTS. f

METHOD Ann'ArrAnATUsron nnncTrNe-CQNGRTE sTnucTUnEsa,

Speiication f Lettersltent. i Patented Sept.l17,v1918r.

Application led April 15, 1918. Serial-No. 228,532.

Be it known that 1l'., ERNEST R. SPRINGER,

-a citizen of the Unitedl States, lresiding in Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have' invented an Imrovement in Methods and Apparatus for recting Concrete Structures, .of which the following desciiption, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a'specifica'- stories or sections.

' buildings and like structures 1nay erected; to materially reduce the cost of the` p same; to4 obtain a superior construction bot-h sentin'g like parts.

This invent-ion relates to a method of and apparatus for erecting concrete structures o 'material height and especially reinforced -concretestructures having a 'plurality :of

The invention has for' its object .to increase the speed with which the' concrete be 4While the buildingor structure is in process of verection and when completed; and ,to

enable buildings or structures haring diffloor by floor, which requires the lapse of a certain length of time for the concrete used 1 in each Hoor and the columns therefor to become hardened or set ,before the forms for the next higher concrete floor and the concrete columns which. support it lcan be erected upon the plastic material of the .lower floor. and columns. l,

In Sonie instances@ delayof several days.

occurs between the erection of the succeeding concrete-fioors and the concrete columns extended upward therefrom.

Furthermore, in the method nowfcommonly employed, the ioor forms. usually of wood, are supported by a large number of wooden struts or pieces, which is expensive not only on. account of the number .of such supports,l required, but also on account of the Waste incurred iii removing the same after tlie'concrete ioors have been laid and set. l

*In coiitradistinction to the step by'step methodnow practised and above ,outlinech Ihave provideda substantially continuous tion. like characters on thev drawings repre method forere'ctingthe concrete buildings and other structures by .which the long dev lays vabove referredto are avoided, and to this end, metal uprights, which are to form -a part of the floor supporting columns in the finishedb'uilding'or structure, are erected to the height'of a plurality of stories-or sections as, for example, four stories, and these uprights are 4connected in pairs by metal cross members, such astrusses, from vwhichv temporaryand removable metal supports for the forms of a plurality. ofiioors or vother concrete slabs, to witt'the first four floors are suspended, with the temporaryl metal supports for theoor form of a lower floor or slab suspended from the temporary metal support for the floor form of a higher floor or slab. The" temporary floor-supports are,A progressively constructed downward from the cross members as will be described.

The vmetal uprights for the concrete 'col umns may be suitably tied together by cross and diagonal braces, which may be removable orfwhich may be left to form va part-of the'finished buildingor other structure.

After the-temporary metal s upports'for the-first group of floors o r slabs. have beenl 'suspended in place, the forms for the concrete floors, beams and girders are laid upon these temporary supports, a'nd the forms for the .concrete of the `columns are placed about the metal 4upriggghts .in the basement of the building, and the concrete is poured" into said column forms and t-he `concrete for the first iioor slab is poured or dumped onto the first floor form and is admixed with and bonds to the concrete in the column forms. l

VAs soon as 'the/concrete for the first floor has been poured, the' forms for the concrete columns extended. up from the first floor and which are -to form the supporting columns for I the .second concrete floor 'are erected, and the concrete poured therein,

` which concrete'bonds with. the concrete of the basement columns and -with the concrete of the first floorl slab, and while the lirst floorl concrete column is being poured, the

`concrete for the second-floor slab may also be poured or dumped onto the second Hoor form.

third and fourth iioors.

The same -operation vis continued for the -5 vThe'metal-'colli nnsare now 'ektendedup l'another group o floorsy'sa'y, @for instance,' toy the eighth` (floor, anderel connected at.l

their u' per'ends by -cross trusses or membersfrom which temporary-metal supports ,for the th, 6th, 7th and8th doors are suspended and the floor forms laidthereon, "or

such extension of the meta-1 uprights and the ,tmporary'iio'or supports may becarried on will be' pointed out in. 'the 'claims 'at the'end l of this specification.y l

'Figure l is4 a, front, elevation ofjan appaTl rat'us l' employed" 'for constructing .concrete buildings in accordance with' this invention. y `Fig.`2, a` side elevation of Fig. 1` looking `toiyard the left. j v

vkFign, asection'on the line Fig. 1, to show in plan the `method of suspending the temporary floor supports'theretrom. L

' Fig. .41, a section on. the line 1e-4', Fig.' 1,I

"shon'inga Iportion'of 'a floor slab with the -hangers e- Xtended therethrough.I

Fig', a'section. on the line Fig. 1, to show the concrete girders andbeams 'of the floor slab.

` Fig. 6, a'seetion 4on line G-S, Fig. 1 to show a'portion of affloor `form and "the l temporary metal supportstherefor.`

Fig. 7, an enlarged'section on line Lf-7, Fig. 8, showing concretegirders and beams,

' iioor ormsand temporary' floor supports:

Figl 8,'an enlargedelevation to sho7 more clearly a metal' column' or upright, cross truss, temporary Hoor 'support and hanger therefor.

Fig. 9,'a,side view of the structure shown in Fig. 8.' i

Figs. llO and 11, sections on anenlarged scale on the lines 10`-10, and 11-'11, S, to; show the temporary floor support and hangers.

FigylQ, an elevationof a 'portion 'of'ilie building using a 'different form of metal upright from that" 'shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 13,a' View looking at the` lett in Fig. 1Q. l

Fig. 14,- a section on linev 14-14, Fig. 1Q.

. Fig.15,. av section on line lln Fig. 12,and 1 y l4`ig.,16, a section on line' 164416,' Fig. 12;

Referring to'Figs. l'to 11, a. Y), Fig.; l. represent., two adjacent 4 metal luprighrs. which are typicalof'the metal uprights omployed in concrete buildings or like struc-' ..1 f y K v L27-steve eaeh corner of a' spanor bay.-

v. tures., `in ypractioe are distributed over the area of ltliey building in al manner `,Well understood to 'form sp ns: or bays,l one of-.said luprights being us ally located ,at

l In accordance rith'tl'ie' presentinyention,

-themetalfuprights, which maybe of any suitable or usual. construction;"are4 erected. from the foundation c, for'` a height sum-l 'cient ,Ito includefa pluralityl of stories or' secti'o'ns'of'the building, and yin Fig. 1;,the nip# rights are represented -as 'extended'upW-azt'iV to include four storiesl, 2,23, 4'.'

- rThe metaluprilghtsymb, "W'hichfaieiin line.v I with each ,otheron one lside of thesoluane* bay,'are connected togethen by 'a metal cross` member; herein show jas-atrussdr'and ythemetal uprights whic arexin'vl'ine with each other` on 'the opposite 'sideof the square hay are connected fb-y 'a 4likentru'ss onmember ffnot'shown).v

The members or. trusses 'ql 5 b'e' riveted .or otherwise permanentlyzscured lto the upl rarily1 rat ea'fch story 'by :crossbraces'or bars' ,'10 and diagonal bars or rods V12, .which may be 'of any suitable ordesired'I construction.

u The parallel trusses d connecting the' up# rights' a, ,"ofjeach bay-or span, support a plurality' of metal'floor sustaining members f, shoivnin F ig.' 1 as three ini-number yandas forming part of cross trusses secured tothe loo trussesld, but they maybe separate Ifrom veither truss.

The metal 'members f extend viti-'om a truss'- 'd on'one4 side' of the'bay to a"l1ke truss on the op os'itc side',so'tha't the members eX- t'vend il onedirertion aerossthefbay". The members.;c may,v and preferably jillzbe composedfoi two'para]lelfehannel irons orhars 15 separated by av 'relatively` narrow space Which'is` formed hyu'ashers 16,` (see dotted lines Fig. l8l) which are secured in place'bv rivets'lr' o'r otherwise. l j '-1 A The metal membersv f's'upported by -thetrusses 'd Ihavesuspended from-'them' by hangers 18, like .members 'r/,rwYhich arerextended across. the hay or epansubstantially' 'at .right angles to the l,mel'nbers fo The l'iangers lSwmay be -mado in the' form ot metal rods. *which in' tlie present instance are eXtonded through `thev space between thel channel irons 15 of the-members f and and are threaded' at their upper ends to res. u

(foire a' washer QQ, and 'nu'ts 21,-(see1Figsz8 to 11)-by'means Aof which the hangerfrods.

The threaded lower ends' of the'hanger 'rods 1S receive a washer Q2 and nuts 23, which 'bers f supported bythe trusses d, sustainv the members g a sutelent distancev below the trusses ii, to enable the .members g to marked for the ythird iioor forms, by

Leraars parts adjustably onnected by turnbuemes 2,4 or. otherwise. v

The hangers 18 suspended from 4the menisupport'wooden or other forms 26 for the concrete ioor or slab. next beiovv the trusses,

which as shown in Fig. '1. isthe fourth Hoor.-

The members g Which are to support the fourth floor, .in turn support like members means of hangers l18 .extended through the spaces between the 4.members g and h and provided with the washers and nuts 'in the same manner as are the hangers 18 for the members g. lThe members h likewise sup.

port members .:tor the second iioor by hangers 18, and themembers i likewise support-members marked for the tirst oor i by hangers 18.

' the overhead support CZ downward.

` llIDIlS.

The members 4supported by .the hang-ers 18 are temporary supports for the. forms for the slabs25 of the different oors, to Wit:

1, '2, 3 and 4, and are designed to be removed after the Hoor slabs 25 have set. The floor forms 26 may be of any desired vconstruction, and in the present instance, the ioorform for the first ioor is what is' known as the fiat slab or mushroom type, Whereas the forms 26 for the 2nd., 3rd. and 4th iioors are of the beam and girder type. In either ease, the floorl forms are supported above the channel bars. l5 by Woodenl bars 32,'

which in the 'mushroom construction may rest directly u'pon the channel bars 15 of the 'The metal uprights a, are surrounded with the usual forms 35 for the concrete fWh1ch is toform the columns in the basement B of the building, and nwhen these columns have been poured up to substantially the levelo the forms for the first ioor, the concrete for the lat-ter may bev poured at the same time tol form the iioor slab 25, which bonds with the conc-rete of the basement coll rlf'he Wood. forms 35 for the columns 0f the first floor are then erected and the concrete for the first floor columns is poured into saidforms and they concrete for the servond fioor slab 25 is also poured and bonds .with theconcrete of the 'ir'st floor columns.

i nthe same manner, vthe columns and floor slabs for lthe third and' fourth floors .are

formed. e .n

It will be understood, that the metal rcinforoernentV for-the eencrete eolumnsanu.

struction .herein shown in. the` same manner as now employed,-but fer sake ofjeleax'ness it has been omitted from the v firawing.V j I 'lfhile thel concrete for the irst four floors is 'being hardened or set, the metal uprights a, are and may be extended upward for a distance equal to a second group of floors floor slabs, nounours-"emily employed in con* 'erste eonstruetionfmay be usedinthe' con# as, for instance, i our'iloers more and oonneotedat their upper ends by other; trusses like cl, and the temporarymetal Hoor sustaining members for. the 5th,- th, 7 tli andBth floors suspended from said ,second fset 'of trusses, inthe same manner as .for the rst` fourloors, after which thewood forms 'for the floors are laid and the concrete for the so, s

columns 'and floor slabs for the 5th, 6th, 7th

s and 8th oors poured in a. continuous man- '.nel. l I i i J' i When thel nprightsjhave reached the level.

of the roof 50 (see Fig. l), temporary extenf` sion 5l of thefmetal uprights ,areereeted' which are connectedby cross trusses d, and the temporary roof sustaining members marked 52 in Fig. 1 are hung from the roof trusses, and after thereof 50 hasbeen poured the temporary 'upright extensions 51l and trusses d connecting them are taken down.

By reference to Fig. 4;, 1t will be seen that in the present instance the hangers 18 'extend through the Hoor slab 25 and when taken down theyl leave small openings inthe slab' which' are readily lled .with concrete by hand, and openings inthe roorure also so filled.' L

InF-ig; 1, the metal uprights a, b, are shown as of a lattice construction, but -it is not desired to limit the invention in this respect, as theI metal uprlghts may be of any -desired constructiomas. for instance, it may be-.in the form of an H-section as shown in- Figs. 12 to 16, inclusivev` wherein the struc-. in other respects, the same'as in` Fig. 1.

ture ris shown I'have herein described one way in' u'hieh the '"concretc columns and floor slabs may be poured or formed in a'substantiallv continuous manner, but it is not desired to limit the invention `in this respect. :1s-the rcmov! able floor supporting' members enable the continuous pouring to be accomplishedin other ways. Forinstance` the concrete for the first four floors may be snnultaneously poured and the columns simultaneously poured and bonded l.with the floor slabs,'but

1n each instance. the forming ot`tl1econlcrete portion of the building is a continuous operation.

After the concrete in the floors has set, the metal vfloor,sllpporting members lvanil the lmngers 18 can be' readily removed, as it -s'o'nljv necessary to remove the nuts 21 and washers 20 and lower the'hangers through the holes inthe i'oor'slabs', and Iii. yinade in a single piece, they are sufiiciently flexible to'be slightly bowed to' facilitate removal..

. lf made in tvfo pieces and adjustably connected,. they .can'be shortened'by means 'of -the'turnbuckle or the parts maybe' discomnected.

' By removing the *nuts from 'the l'ovver ends of the' hanger rods,the -channel bars l15 are free t be takendewn. l

The supporting trusses d may also beremoved' and 'used overy again;`

It will be observedthat the temporary 4floor'supporting members and their hangers can be usedy indefinitely, 'thereby' reducing the cost o m'aterialrequiredin'the onstruction ofl co 'crete buildings. -Furthermore' these .parts are'stan'dards and'can befmade lof any size .orI length according to the height of the' stories' `orsections 'of the ,building andthe Widtlrofithe bays orspans, and as ItheyT can erV sustainnig members ,are erected, they' are be erected with littleftrouble and in a mini-' mum 't'me,. sped,`in the erection of the buildving is obtained? So' also amimmum number of parts for 4,supportin 'the 'ioor forms are required, 'which re ucesthe cost bf material. and, also 'of thellabor employed, and as the Wastey ofthe temporary'ioor supports practically nothing, 'the cost ot construction 1s very materially reduced. in this respect.`

i. The hangers used onany one iioor are of thesame length, and therefore the ,floor forms are laid 'evenly-and' accurately, Whenjthe temporary hangers and lvfloor vpractically immovable until it is desired to take them down?, consequently, they affor,

i stable supports 'for the floor tforms and avoi tures, which .consists inerectin including other` materials suitable for building purposes and of a plastic nature such as Claims-zA x 4 v. Y'

1. The method of e 1ecting' 'concrete strucmetal upil rights for the height loi? a plurality of stories v or .sections of the strudturc, connecting the i lupper ends of said uprights by cross inembers,hanging'removable floor supports for a plurality of tlpor's from said members in the space .between said uprights,flaying'f the Leraars forms for a' plurality of 4floors upon said removable floor supports,gand forming concrete columns about saidy uprights and concrete ioors on said floorfrmslin a'subst'antially ontinuous manner from the fifoun'da'- tion' upward.'

2. The'method of lerecting concretestructures, which consists in erecting metal' up rights for a h'eightl equal to 'a plurality of'.

sections or stoniesozt the structure, connect# ving the saidfpri hts at their upper. ends` by cross.' members, ianging from said cross members-'removable l'supports for the lower floor torins, with the supports '1or"a lower ior suspended from vthe,supports for higher loorflayfing! the floor formsf'upn said remova e supports, .pouring the-concrete-forthe columns and'-floorsinI a substaniallyf continuous; 'manner 'from .the

gro -nd upwardly, and removing. the said hangers .and floor suppprts'.

' 3. The meth ,dlof'erecting concrete s'truc'- ltures, -vvhich consists .1in erecting vmetal upri'ghts 'for'v -aheight equal to. a' plurality of sections" yprstories of the structure connecting the'saiduprigh-ts at their upper ends' by- 'cross members, hang'ing from said 'cross members' removable supports for thel'ower door forms, with .the supports for a lowerfloor suspended from theA supports ,for a higher Hoor, laying-the -iioor forms' upon.

said removable upports, pouring'the con,- cnetefor ,the co umns and floors in a substantially continuous 'manner .from the groundupwardly, "extending the l. uprights above said cross 'trusses 'for a heightequa'l to a plurality'of'oors, connecting said upright extensions Vby cross members; hanging 'removable Hoor supports from the second mentioned' cross members,` laying the loo'r forms upon saidremovable supports, pour-- ing the concrete for the columns and floors :tor the second group of lfloors, and removing said-hangers and floor suppo'rts.

' 4. The'method of erecting concrete struc-` tures, which consists in erecting metal uprights vto the height of theroof ,of the said structure, detachably securing to said metal uprights extensions thereof which projectv above .the level of the roof', connecting said extensions bycross members, suspending re- 'Inovable supporting members for -the'roof forms from said cross members, pouring the 'plastic material to'form .the roof, and ref moving said extensions and supporting members after the yplastic material `for the roof has been poured.

f5; rlhe method of erecting concrete structures,j Iwhich' consists in' erecting an over- .head support for a pluralityof oors of the structure, suspending Afrom said overhead support removable temporary supportsor a plurality of ioors, supporting floor forms upon said removable supports, 'pouring conn crete 4on said kfloor forms to form the slabs for a plurality of.' floors'while saidl floor forms are supported from the overhead structure, and removing said temporary sup `ports when the floor slabs have set. f 6. 4Apparatus for the erect-ion of concrete structures, comprising metal uprights, cross members connecting said uprights, supports extendedaoross the space between said cross members andgsustained by the latter, hangers depending `from said supports within said space, floor-supporting' members Sustainedby saidl hangers, hangers suspended v from said floor supporting'members within said space, and floor forms sustained by said hoor-supporting members.

7.l Apparatusl for the erection of eoncrete structures, e'omprising metal uprights',

hanger 'rods forl supporting jsai'd' spaced floor supporting members.

8. Apparatus for4 the erection -O oonorete structures, comprising metal uprights, vcross members for 'connecting the said uprightsL supporting members extended across the space between said cross members and sustained by the latter, hangers depending from said supporting members within s'aid spaoe, Hoor lsupporting members sustained by said hangers,'. and-a floor form supported.v

by said Hoor supporting 'members and Ythrough andbelow -which said hangers are extended. l

9. Apparatus for theereotion of concrete structures, comprising removable vfloorsupportmg'members, 'removable hangers supporting said members, and removable 'sup ports for said hangers located. above land within the area of the floor supported by said members. g l Y 10.'Apparatus for the erection of concrete structures, comprising removable floor supporting members, removable hangers fsupporting said.' members, and removableslp- .ports .for said hangers.

11. Apparatus :tor'the erection of concrete struetures,ncomprising'metal uprightsfof a height equal to a plurality of sections or stories of lsaid structure, an overhead suppo'rt sustained by said uprights, and a pluralty of removable temporary supports `for a plurality vof floors `.below saido'verhead sup.-

'port, 'and removable means. for l'suspending said temporary oor 'supports from lsaid overhead support. 'i

12. .Apparatus for the erection of eoncrete structures, comprising metal uprights,

detachable .extensions therefor, 'cross members connecting saidextensions, landsup` porting members for 'the concrete 'roof formssuspended from said cross members.' -In testimony whereof `I have-signed my Anamel to this specification.

- ERN'ST R. srRiNeER.,

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