US1278613A

US1278613A - Adding-machine.

Info

Publication number: US1278613A
Application number: US17674717A
Authority: US
Inventors: Birney Dysart
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-06-25
Filing date: 1917-06-25
Publication date: 1918-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 1935-09-10

Description

B. DYSART.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IUNE 25, I917. 1,278,61 8.

Patented Sept. 10, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

ffy 7.

B. DYSART.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25.I9I1.

Patented Sept. 10, 1918.,

4 SHEETS-SHEEI 2.

5M. v IIIIMIIIIIIINL dlilf llllll' Mill WIT B. DYSART.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATloN FILED JUNE 25, 1317A 1 ,278,6 1 3 Patented Sept. l0, 1918,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Jlill'uurmwmmmmwmWUL Br DYSAHT.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILEDJUNE25,1911.

luented Sept. 10, 1918,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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BIRNEY DYSART, 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO.

Specification of Letters Patent.

APatented Sept. 10, 1918.

Application led J une 25, 1917. Serial No. 176,747.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BIRNEY DYsART, la citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Cincinnati, county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Adding-Machine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to adding machines and has special reference to the adding and transferring mechanism of such machines.

Usually the adding mechanism of adding machines comprises a series of adding pinions, each of which is provided with a tripping 111g orprojection for tripping the latch of an actuator to release the latter for movenient to effect carrying or transferring from lower to higher orders. The actuators are operated by stored power in the form of springs or equivalent devices so that, when the latches are released by the tripping lugs on the adding pinions, the actuators will be moved to coperate with the proper adding pinions to effect carrying or transferring in the process of addition.

In such machines the releasable latches whichare tripped by the lugs on the adding pinions are also known and designated as carrying pawls or levers. Difficulty has been encountered in making the operation of the several parts ofthe adding and transferring mechanism positive and certain, due in part to the fact that it has been usual to depend upon springs to replace or reset the latches or carrying paivls and other coperating parts of the transferring mechanism. In order to equalize the resistance of the different parts of the transferring mechanism and the pressure by and against which they are operatedf it has been necessary to tension the springs very accurately and uniformly, lt is clear that as a result of frequent or continuous operations the power or resiliency of the springs will vary so that even though the machine be accurately constructed and assembled in the beginning the accuracy and precision ofoperation become seriously reduced as a result of the use to which the` machines are subjected.

VAn object of the invention is to provide an adding machine with adding and transferring mechanism in which the transferring operation is made positive and certain by rendering it unnecessary to depend upon the accurate tensioning of springs for controlyling the parts of the transferring mechanism, and particularly the latches 0r carrying paivls by which the actuators of the adding pinions are controlled in their transferring operations.

Another object is to provide a novel form of carrying or transferring mechanism for adding machines in which-the latch or carrying pawl is positively moved from its latching position to position to release the actuator Whenever it is necessary to transfer, and `in which the gravity or resistance to be overcome in moving the latch or pawl from its normal position to its released or transferring position is practically eliminated, thus also eliminating the danger of inaccuracy and uncertainty of operation; and also in which said latch or carrying pawl is securely held in its released or transferring position until the operation of transferring has been completed thus preventing accidental return of said latch or pawl and the consequent prevention of under-addition through failure of operation of the transferring actuator.

.An additional object of the invention is to equip the adding and transferrin mechanism o the machine with a device or positively lockingthe actuator latch or carrying pawl in position to prevent a transferring movement of the actuator any time prior to the occasion on which it is necessary to perform a transferring movement, and also in which after the latch has been released and the transferring operation has been performed the said latch or pawl is positively returned to and relocked in its normal latching or non-transferring position before further operation of the adding pinlons, thus rendering it impossible for the machine to connait error by over-addition resulting from operation of the transferring mechanism at times whenno transferring should be made.

A Aspecific object 0f the invention is to provide an improved adding and transferring mechanism for Dalton adding machines embodying many or all of the advantages and the equipment above referred to. The Dalton adding machine is manufactured in" sub. stantial conformity with the adding and listing mechanism disclosed in Hubert Hopkinss Patent No. 1,039,130, dated September l y Vhile for convenience of illustration and description, I have illustrated and described my invention in an adding machine of the Dalton type, it is to be understood that'the invention is not restricted to use in connection with that particular machine but, with contemplated and slight modifications which will be obvious to those familiar with adding machines, maybe used with various other types of adding and calculating machines. In the Dalton and in other well known adding machines the-actuators which move the adding pinions in transferring also operate them in adding and in clearing operations. I do not restrict myself to such construction, however, since it will be apparent from the following description that the principles and mechanism of this invention can be applied with equal advantage to machines in which the transferring actuators of the adding pinions are separate from the actuators which operate the adding pinions in their adding and clearing operations.

In the accompanying drawings, in which I have illustrated my invention- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an adding and listing machine'having my invention embodied therein.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view illustrating the adding and transferring mechanism in which one of the adding pinions has been turned or set to represent the digit 9, so that the next adding movement thereof will trip the latch or carrying pawl coperating with the adding pinion actuator in the next adjacent higher numerical order.

Fig. 3 is a view illustrating Jthe adding mechanism disengaged from the actuators which are in their forward adjustments or positions which they occupy when printing is effected.

Fig. 4 is a view illustrating the position of the latch or carrying pawl and the cooperating actuator when'the former has been released and the latter is operated in a transferring movement.

Fig. 5 is a view illustrating the mechanism by which the latches or carrying pawls are restored to their latchingor non-transferring positions.

Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 aiedetail views illustrating the construction of the pinions which coperate with the latches or carrying pawls in their positive operations.

Fig. 10 is a detailed view illustrating the construction of a comb plate which coperates with the carrying pawls tojretain them in their proper positions.

Fig. 11 is an elevation of a grooved shaft upon which the carrying pawls are pivoted.

rIhe machine in which I have illustrated the4 invention comprises a set of numeral keys 1 arranged in convenient form in a key board at the forward end of the machine upon the up-turned ends of the key levers 2. There are only ten numeral keys and an equal number of levers, there being one key and lever for each of the digital figures. The key levers converge at their extremities and each of them, with the exception of the key lever for the 9. digit, carries a hammer or projection 3 the same being arranged in a longitudinal row and being operable to set the differential stop pins 4 which are mounted in a transversely movable carriage 5. As a result of operation of the proper numeral keys corresponding stops are set in the carriage and are positioned to limit movement of and control the type-carriers and the racks in connection therewith which operate the adding mechanism. The arcuate type-carriers 6 are suspended from a shaft 7 and each thereof carries near its forward end a series of type blocks 8 having type embossed upon their inner ends so that when they are driven under the impulse of the hammers 9 they will print upon the. aper operating around the platen 10. 'Eacli type-carrier is cooperatively associated with a rack 11, the racks also being pivotally suspended from the shaft 7.

The type-carriers are actuated in a forward direction by springs 12 and the racks are actuated in a rearward direction byv springs 13 connecting the racks and the typecarriers respectively. Movement of each rack relative to itsf cop'erating type-carriers is limited by a pin-in-slot connection 14. The springs 13 constitute means for moving the racks 11 in transferring operations when the cooperating latches or carrying pawls are released therefrom. Each rack is provided with al depending projection or shoulder 15 adapted to engage with the stops 4 when the latter are set in position to coperate withthe racks.

The adding pinions 16 which are operated by the racks 11 in adding and in clearing operationsare independently revoluble upon a shaft 17 supported in a movable frame 18 which is operative to move the adding pinions transversely of their axes into and vout of engagement with the racks 11. As illus trated the frame 18 consists of two side plates pivotally supported at 19, so that the frame is capable of movement to move the adding pinions toward and from the racks 11. The frame 18 may be operated to move the adding pinions into and out of engagement with the racks 11 by any appropriate mechamsm for that purpose. The specific form of the mechanism for supporting and moving the frame 18 is immaterial and no such mechanism isillustrated, it being apparent that no ditliculty will be encountered in adapting any one of several well known mechanical movements to support the frame and to move the same 'in order to effectthe alternate engagement and disengagement of the .adding pinions with the racks. It is suflicient for present purposes to mention that when the machine is being operated for the adding and listing of items the adding pinions are moved out of engagement with the racks 11 prior to any forward movement of said racks and are moved into engagement with the racks prior to an return movement thereof' after each item as been listed. Thus the rearward movement of the racks is utilized to actuate the adding pinions in adding and in transferring operations, while the forward movement of the racks is utilized to actuate the adding pinions in clearing operations as usual.

Each adding pinion is provided with a tripping lug 20. In normal or cleared position of the adding pinions said lugs contact with shoulders 21 on the actuator latches or carrying pawls. The carrying pawls 22 are pivoted'up'on a shaft 23 which in the construction shown in Fig. 11 is milled to form a series .of circumferential grooves 24. The side walls of the grooves 24 are divergent so that the carrying pawls pivoted therein ma have limited oscillation or vibration which is desirable to permit movement thereof when they are relatched with the latching pinions by which they are normally held. The rear end of each latch or carrying pawl 22 is provided with a forwardly extending hook 25. The hooks 25 are between the forward ends of the racks 11 and said hooks serve asy abutments for pins or projections 26 on the racks when the carrying pawls are in their non-carrying or normal positions. The hooks 25 therefore constitute abutments to limit rearward movement of the racks 11. The carrying pawl 22 controlled by the adding piniQn/l in each numerical order coperates with the rack 11 in the gnext adjacent higher numerical order. Therefore, when it is necessary to carry or transfer from the adding pinion in one order to the adding pinion in the next higher numerical order, the pinion in the order from which the transfer is to be made raises or releases the carrying pawl 22 which holds the' the body of the carrying pawl, as shown in Fig, 4. The rack in tens order is then actuated rearwardly by its spring 13, thus turning the tens adding pinion one space in order to set said pinion in position to represent the digit transferred thereto from units order. The same operation maintains throughout all the numerical orders.

Each adding pinion meshes. with a corresponding pinion 27. The .pinions 27 are mounted upon a shaft 28 supported vby the frame 18. Each pinion 27 is formed with a rib or flange 29 on one side concentric with the shaft 28 and extending entirely around positionsiin which the hooks 25 constitute abutinents for the pins 26. 'This prevents displacement of the carrying p'awls which sometimes occurs in adding machines of the present construction and results in transferring operations at time when no transfer' should be made. The gates 30 are arranged relative to the tripping lugs 20 so that the gates 30 are at the hooks 32 when the tripping lugs 2O Contact with the shoulders 21 to raise the carrying pawls. This permits the hooks 32 to pass the gates 30 without obstruction when the carrying pawls are actuated by the adding pinions in the process of addition.

` From the foregoing it will be observed that the pinions 27, equipped as they are with the flanges or ribs 29, constitute locking pinions for locking the carrying pawls in proper` position until it is time to carry in the process of addition. Said pinions also lock the adding pinions 16 from displacement when the latter are out of mesh with the racks 1l, turning of the locking pinions being prevented by the rod 51, as hereinafter de-' scribed.

The carrying pawls 22 are guided between the /teeth .of a vertical comb plate 33 (F ig. 10).. The teeth of the comb plate 33 at their upper extremities contact closely against the sides of the carrying pawls 22 and are wider apart at their lower ends as clearly shown in Fig. 10, so that the lower portions of the carrying pawls are capable of a limited lateral movement.or oscillation. The limited lateral movement or oscillation of the lower tportions of the carrying pawls is desirable 1n order to permit the hooks 32 to be forced against the ribs or flanges 29 to relock the carrying pawls with the latch pinions 27. The comb plate 33 is also provided with a rearward extension 34 having teeth also guiding the depending portions of the carrying pawls upon which the hooks 32 are formed.

The hooks 32 are pressed toward the pinions 27 by spring held clips 35. The'clips 35 are in .the form of slotted plates and are supported by a transverse bar 36 notched at its rear edge, the notches being so spaced that one of the clips is seated in each of them and extends between each carrying pawl and the one adjoining it toward higher orders, the arrangement beingT such that the clip contacts with and yieldingly presses against the carrying pawl toward lower orders therefrom. A retractilc spring 37 is connected to the forward end of each of the clips 35. 1n

the present instance the forward ends ofthe springs are shown as connected to depending portions of the carrying pawls with which the clips respectively coperate. Itis to be understood, however, that the forward end of the spring may be otherwise connected.

. When connected to the carrying pawls, as

shown, their tension may also be useful in counterbalancing the weight of the rearward portions of the pawls, thus neutralizing gravity and contributing furtherto the easy and unobstructed movement of the carrying pawls from their lowered or non-carrying positions to their raised or carrying positions. The principal function of the springs, however, is to impart yielding pressure against the clips 35 to hold them in yielding contact with the carrying pawls andthereby prevent lateral movement or oscillation of the carrying pawls by which they might become vunhooked from the latching pinions. y this construction of the carrying or transferring mechanism, l am enabled `to overcome many disadvantages inherent in the transferring mechanism of usual construction. Among the advantages attai'ned by this construction `1nay be mentioned the elimination of the'springs holding the carrying pawls in their non-carrying position; the counterbalancing of the weight of the carrying pawl so that it will be freely tripped by the tripping lug of the corre sponding adding pimon; and the practical elimination of the frictional resistance between the tripping lug 2O and the cam shoulders 21. There remains only the relatively insignificant item of friction between the hooks 25 and the pins l26, which, by experience, has been found does not at all retard the rapidity or precision of operation.

As will be understood by reference to Fig. 4, the carrying pawl will be supported in its raised. posltionafter the tripping lug passes the shoulder 21 by the p in 26 passing below the'hook 25, and also Y by the hook'32 operating against the outer surfacev of the flange 29. Afterthe transferring has been effected it is necessary that the carrying pawls which had been elevated be positively returned. to their normal or non-carryinglatching positions before the adding pinions are again operated. This is effected in the following manner:

A curved arm 38 is pivoted to a part of the frame of the'machine and at its rear end is provided with a slot which embraces a rod 39 eXtendin transversely through openings in the depending portions of the carrying pawls and supported by arms 40 attached to the shaft l Upward movement ofthe rod 39 is limited by shoulders 41 on the side frame plates of the machine. The arm 38 is connected with a lever 42 by a comparatively strong spring 43 and further by a pin 44 on the lever 42 extending vrnormal or idle positions after transferring through a slot 45 in the arm 38. -A spring 46 connects the lever 42 with a stationary par-t of the machine and is effective to support the arm 38 in its raised positionin which the bail rod 39 is supported in its raised position against the shoulders 41 and above the lower edges'of the openings in the carrying pawls through which said rod 39 extends, thus permitting the carrying pawls to be raised by the tripping lugson the adding inions in transferring operations. It is o vious, however, that forcible downward pressure on the rod 39 will force downwardly any of the carrying pawls which had been released from the pinions 27 and raised in order to permit the racks 11 to operate in transferring operations. This downward pressure on the rod 39 is produced after the racks have been moved forwardly totheir operations and while the addin pinions 16 are disengaged from the rac is, it being necessary to movethe racks forwardly to their idle or normal positions in order to remove the pins 26 from below the hooks 25, A stud roller 47 is attached to a segmental arm 48 on the main shaft 49. When the main shaft 49 is turned forwardly, as it is in each adding and listing operation of the machine, the stud roller .47 engages a vlateral projection 50 on the lever.42 near the end of the forward movement of the arm 48. The lever 42 is thereby actuated forwardly causing the strong spring 43 to draw downwardl the arm 38 and thereby the rod 39 .a su cient distance to force the carrying pawls 22 to their normal positions in which the hooks 32 are engaged under the flanges 29. In this operation the lateral movement of vibration of which the carrying pawls are capable, due to the-construc tion of the shaft 23 and the Varrangement of the spring actuated clips 35, is utilized to enable the hooks 32 to -pass over the flanges 29 and into latched engagement therewith. 1.10

The adding pinions are locked against rotation when out of engagement with the racks 11. The locking device includes a locking rod 51 supported by two arms 52 actuated upwardly by a spring 53. When 115 the frame 18 is moved (by any ap ropriate device not shown) to carry the ad ing pinions 16 out of engagement with the rack 18 the pinions 27 are moved into engagement with the locking rod 51 and since the pinions 120 27 mesh withthe adding pinions, both series of pinions are locked against rotation, when out of engagement with the racks. A lever 54 is supported by the frame of the machine in such position that a pin 55 on 125 vthe frame 18 engage/stile rear end of said lefio and holds said arms depreed imposition inwhich the rody 51 is" dlsengaged from the pinions 27 and leaves the adding pinions free to-be rotated in addin operations by movement of the racks 11. llivHowever;'when the frame 18 is depressed to disengagethe adding pinions from the racks, the pinions'.

27 are engaged with the rod 51 before the pinions 1d become entirely disengaged from the racks 11, thus securely' locking the pinions against accidental rotation.`

As will be understood by reference to Figs. 2 and 3 the carrying pawls are moved with the adding pinions 16 and the locking pinions 27 when said adding pinions are moved into or out of engagement lwith the racks 11. 'In order to rovide for coperation of the carrying paw s 22 With/fthe pins 26 during this movement of the carrying pawls the hooks 25 are provided with widened extremities which remain in engagement with the pins 26 in either the raised or depressed positions of the `adding pinions. The carrying pawls are guided in their movements by the comb plates. 33 and 34 and the clips 85 so that said pawls remain in latched engagement with the locking pinions 27.`

While I have illustrated the invention combined with adding pinions which are operated in their adding and transferring operations by the same set of racks,it is clear that the use of the locking pinions for controlling the transfer devices is not restricted to the specific embodiment illustrated.4

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters patent, is

1. In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, racks for operating said pinions in adding and transferring operations, releasable latches for said racks released by operation of the adding `pinions to enable said racks to operate in transferring operations, pinions operated by said adding pinions, and releasable connections between said latches and said last-named pinions,

whereby said latches are held by said last named pinions in position to prevent transferring movement of. said racks until said latches are released from said last-named pinions by the adding pinions.

2. In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, racks for operating said adding pinions in adding and 'transferring operations, llatches limitingmovement 'of said racks in one direction, means for releasing said latches by operation of the adding pinions to enable said racks to move in transferring operations, locking pinions meshing with said adding pinions, and connections between said latches and said locking pinions whereby said latches are positively held 'by said locking pinions in position to prevent transferring .movement of said racks until said latches are released lfrom said locking pinions by operation of the adding pinions.

3. In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, racks for operating said adding pinions in transferring operations, latches for limitingmovement of said racks 'in one direction, means whereby operation ions by the adding pinions, and means for replacing said latches in their initial positions. l

4a In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, racks for operating said pinions in transferring operations, latches for limiting movement of said racks in one direction, locking pinions controlled by vsaid adding pinions, `locking connections between said latches and said locking pinions whereby said latches are positively held by said locking pinions in position to prevent transferring movement of said racks until said latches are released from said locking pinions by operation of the adding pinions, and means whereby said adding pinions will re- -lease said latches and said locking connections fromsaid locking pinions and move said latches to position to enable said racks to move in transferring operations.

5'. ln an adding machine, a series of racks, adding pinions movable into and out of engagement with said racks, locking pinions meshing'vvith said adding pinions and movable therewith, a locking rod arranged'to engage the looking pinions when the adding pinionsar'e disenga ed from said racks, and

means holding sai locking rod out of engagement with said locking pinions during the time that the adding pinions are` in engagement with the racks. l

6. In an adding machine, a series ofpracks operable in transferring operations, a series of adding pinions movable into and out of engagement with said racks, a series of locking pinions meshing with said adding pinions and movable therewith, latches limiting movement of said racks in one direction from their normal positions, means whereby vsaid locking pinionswillhold said latches in position to prevent movement of said racks as aforesaid, and means whereby the adding pinions will release said latches from said locking pinions and move said latches to position to release said racks to enable the racks to move in transferring operations.

7. In an adding machine, a series of racks operable in adding and transferring operations, a series of adding pinions movable into and out of engagement with said racks and operated thereby in adding and transferring operations, a series of locking pinions controlled by said adding pinions, latches limiting movement of said racks in one direction from their normal positions, means for holding said latches by said locking pinions. to prevent displacement of said latches from latching positions, means operated by the adding pinions for moving said latches toY position to permit said racks to move in transferring operations, and means for restoring said latches to their initial positions.

8. In an adding machine, a series of racks, adding pinions operated thereby, locking pinions meshing With said adding pinions, a movable frame for moving said adding pinions into and out of engagement With said racks, latches for said racks, means whereby said locking pinions will normally hold said latches in latchingposition, and a locking device preventing rotation of said locking pinions and said adding pinions when the latter are out of engagement with the racks.

9. In an adding machine, a series of racks, a series of adding pinions operated by the racks in adding and transferring operations, latches controlling the operation of the racks in transferring operations, a series of locking pinions under control of the adding pinions for holding said latches normally in position t0 prevent transferring movements of said racks, and means whereby the -adding pinions will move said latches to position to release theracks for transferring movements.

l0. In an adding machine, a series of racks, a series of adding pinions operated by the racks in adding and transferring operations, a frame for moving said pinions into and out of engagement with Said racks, a seriesv of locking pinions sup orted by said frame meshing with said a ding pinions, latches for said racks, means whereby said locking pinions will hold said latches in latching position, and means whereby the adding pinions Will move said latches to position to release said racks.- l

11. In an adding machine, a series of racks, adding pinions operated by said racks in adding and transferring operations, latches limiting movement of said racks in one direction, locking pinions normally holding said latches in position to prevent transferring movements of said racks, means operated by the adding pinions for moving said latches to position to enable said racks to operate in transferring operations, a device for restoring said latches to latching positions, and means for operating said device.

12. In an adding machine, a seriesv of racks, a series of adding pinions movable into and out of engagement with the racks and operated by the racks in adding and transferring operations, a series of locking pinions under vcontrol of the adding pinions and movable therewith, and latches held in position by said locking pinions 'and controlling the operation of the racks intransferring operations and movable by said locking pinions when the adding pinions are moved out of engagement with the racks. 13. In an adding machine,- a series of racks, a series of adding pinions operated by the racks in adding and transferring operations, a shaft, latches pivoted on said shaft and controlling the operation of the racks in transferring operations, and a series of locking pinions operated by the adding pinions normally holding said latches in position to limit movement of said racks in one direction and arranged to permit said latches to be moved to release said racks for transferring movements.

14. In4 an adding machine, a series of racks, a series of adding pinions operated by the racks in adding and transferring operations, latches controlling the operation of the racks in transferring operations, a movable frame for moving said adding pinions vinto and out of engagement with said racks', and a series of locking pinions supported in said frame holding said latches normally in position to prevent transferring movements of said racks.

15. In an adding machine, a series of racks, a movable frame, a series of adding pinions in said frame movable into and out of engagement with said racks by operation of said frame', releasable latches for said racks released by operation of the adding pinions to enable said racks to operate in transferring operations, a support upon which said latches are pivoted, and a series of pinions in said frame controlling said latches to prevent movement of said racks until the latches are released by the adding pinions.

16. In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, a series of racks for operating said'adding pinions in adding and transferring operations, latches limiting movement of said racks in one direction, a shaft upon which said latches are pivoted,.lock ing pinions normally holding said latches in position to limit movement of said racks in one direction, and means operated by the adding pinions for releasing said latches from said locking pinions and moving said latches to position to enable said racks to move in transferring operations.

1 7. In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, -racks for operating said adding pinions in adding and transferring operations, latches fcr limiting movement of said racks in one direction from their normal positions, locking pinions controlled by the adding pinions for holding said latches'in position tol limit movement of said racks. in one direction from their normal positions, and means operated by the adding pinions fcrreleasing said latches from said locking pinions and moving said latches to position to enable said racks to move in transferring operations.

18. In an adding machine, a series of' racks, adding pinions movable into and out of engagement with said racks and operated thereby in adding and transferring operations, a series of locking pinions meshing with said adding pinions, a locking device engaging said locking pinions andlocking kof engagement with said racks and operated thereby in adding and transferring operations, locking pin ions meshing with said adding pinions and movable therewith, latches for said racks engaging said locking pinions, means operated by the adding pinions for releasing said latches from said locking pinions, a lever, and means operated by said lever for engaging said latches with said locking pinions after they have been released therefrom.

20. In an adding machine, a series of racks, adding pinions operated by said racks in adding and transferring operations, locking pinions meshing with said adding pinions, latches limiting movement of said racks in one direction, connections between said latches and said locking pinions Whereby said locking pinions hold said latches inA position to limit movement of said racks in one direction, means operated by the adding pinions for disengaging said latches from said locking pinions and moving said latches to position to permit said racks to operate in ltransferring operations, a rod for rengaging saith-connections, a shaft, and means operated by the shaft for operating said rod to renga'ge said connections with said locking pinions. l y

21. 'In an adding machine, a `series of racks, adding pinions operated by said racks in transferring operations, latches for limiting movement of said racks in one direction, locking devices under kcontrol of the adding pinions for holding said latches in position to limit movement of said racks, means operated by' the adding pinions for releasing said latches fromsaid locking devices and moving said latches to position to permit said racks to operate in transferring operaracks, adding pinions operated by said racks in transferring operations, latches limiting movement of said racks in one direction, locking devices under control of the adding pinions for holding said latches in position to limit movement of said racks as aforesaid, a rod, an arm for operating said rod to reengage said latches with said locking devices, a'lever, and a yielding connection between said lever and said arm whereby operation of said lever in one' direction will operate said arm and thereby said rod to reengage said latches With'said locking devices.

:23. In an adding machine, a series ot racks, adding pinions operated by said racks in transferring operations, latches limiting movement of said racks in one direction, a frame for moving said adding pinions into and out of engagement with said racks, locking pinions meshing with said adding pinionsand movable therewith and holding said latches in position to limit movement of said racks, means operated by the adding pinions for moving said latches to position to permit the racks to operate in transferring operations, a rod, and an actuator dey vice for operating said rod to move said latches to position to limit movement of said racks after said racks have been operated in transferring operations.

24. In an adding machine, aA series of racks, adding pinions operated by said racks in addin and transferring operations and movable into and out of engagement therewith, latches controlling the operation of said racks in transferring operations, means controlled by the adding pinions for locking the latches in latching position, means operated by said adding pinions for moving said latches to position to permit said racks to operate in transferring operations, guides f' for said latches, a rod for replacing said latches in latching position, an arm 1n connection With said rod, and a lever for operating said armand thereby said rod to replace said latches in latching position.

25. In an adding machine, a series of racks, a series of adding pinions arranged in.

numerical orders and operated by said racks in adding and in transferring operations, actuators for moving said racks in one direction, springs for moving said racks in the opposite direction from which they are moved by said actuators, latches for preventing movement of said racks by said springs until time vto make transfer from one numerical order to another, locking pinions controlled by the adding pinions nor- Viso mally holding said latches in position to prevent movement of said racks by said springs, and means operated by said adding pinions for disengaging said latches from said locking 'pinions and movin said latches to position to permit said springs to operate said racks in transferring operations.

2 6. .In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, a series of racks for operating said adding pinions in adding and transferring operations, actuators for moving said racks in one direction, springs for moving said racks in transferring operations, latches normally preventing movement of said racks by said springs, locking devices controlled by the adding-pinions for holding said latches in position to prevent movement of said racks by said springs, means operated by the adding pinions for disengaging said latches from said locking devices and moving said latches to position to permit said springs to operate said racks in transferring operations, a rod for moving said latches to latching position after they have been released as aforesaid, and a lever operated device for movi-ng said rod to rengage said latches with said locking device and place said latches in position to prevent movement of said racks by said springs.

27. In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, a series of racks for operating said adding pinions in adding and transferring operations, springs for moving said racks in transferring operations, latches for preventing movement 'of said racks by said springs, locking devices controlled by the adding pinions engaging said latches and holding them in osition to prevent movement of said rac s `until it is necessary to transfer from lower to higher orders in the process of addition, meansoperated by said adding pinions for releasing said latches from said locking devices and movin the latches to position to permit said rac s to be operated by said springs in transferrin operations, and means for returning said latches to position to prevent movement of said racks by said springs and rengaging said latches with said locking pinions.

28. In an adding machine, a series of racks, a movable frame,a series of adding pinions in said frame movable into and out 0f engagement with said racks by operation of said frame, releasable latches for said racks released by operation of the adding pinions to enable said racks to operate 1n transferring operations, and means carried by said frame whereby said latches will be caused to partake of the movement of the adding pinions into and out of engagement with the racks at all times except when said latches have been released as aforesaid.

29. In an adding machine, a series of racks, a movable frame, a series of adding pinions in said frame movable into and out of engagement with said racks by operation of said frame, a stationary support, releasable latches for said racks mounted on said support and released by operation of the adding pinions to enable said racks to operate in transferring operations, and elements carried by said movable frame for moving said latches in conformity with the movement of the adding pinions into and out of engagement with the racks.

.30. In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions, a series of racks for operating said adding pinions in adding and transferring operations, latches limiting movement of said racks in one directionJ a series of springs tending constantly to separate said adding pinions and said latches, locking means holding the adding pinions and latches in engaged relation against the force of said springs, and means operated by the adding pinions for releasing said latches from said locking means whenever it is necessary to carry.

31. In arr adding machine, a series of adding pinions, a series of racks for operating said adding pinions 1n adding and transferring'operations, latches limiting movement of said racks in one direction, aseries of springs acting constantly to move said latches away from said adding pinions to position to release said racks, locking means holding said adding pinions and latches in engaged relation against the power of said springs, and means operated by the adding pinions for releasing said latches from Said' locking means whenever it is necessary to transfer in the process of addition.

32. In an adding machine, a series of adding pinions operated. by the racks in adding and transferring operations, a series of pivoted latches normally in position to limit movement of the racks in one direction and movable by operation of the adding pinions into position to release said racks for transferring operations, a device for restoring said latches to their initial position after they have been moved by operation of the adding pinions, a member mounted on the main shaft of the machine, and flexible connections for operating the said device therefrom effectively to restore to initial position the latches aforesaid.

BIRNEY DYSART.