US1277963A

US1277963A - Carbureter.

Info

Publication number: US1277963A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ralph M Lovejoy
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1914-10-22
Filing date: 1914-10-22
Publication date: 1918-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 1935-09-03

Description

R. IVI. LOVEIOY.

CARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 22, 1914.

1 ,277,963 Patented Sept 3, i918.-

Wnesses. lnve'tr.

/M/k Ralph M. Lovejoy,

I AUYS -carbuieters of the. type which is especially 'RALPH ivi. Loyiiiov, :or MEREDITH, iviivvl HAMPSHIRE.

CARBURETER;

temete.

To ,all whom t may concern.'

Beitknown that I,'f`RALPH M. LovEJoY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Meredith,- county of Belknap, State of New fHampshire, have` invented an Improvement in-'Carburetei-S, of :whichthe following de# 'scription, in connection-with the accompanying drawing, is a specification, like charac-v ters o'nthe drawing representing like parts.

- Thisfinvention relates to improvements in adapted vto internal combustion engines. One ot the obyectsfof the invention is to provide means for' speedily /and certainly vai poriZi-ng'the combustible fluid which is supplied to the carbureter so kas to provide a suitable explosive mixture of the highest efcienc v,'and to prevent the `introduction into the cylinder of any of the-combustible lluid. y Another object of theA invention is to provide means for automatically regulating the amountot fluid 'suppliedin proportion to the fair introduced into the cylinder whereby aperfcctmixture may be obtained.

Another object-:of the invention'is to provide algravity vieeed-forthe combustible Huid whiclifmay be controlled by the intake of the air. 1 y l .'-Anothei-:object of the invention is to provide lmeansfor opening and closing the throttle which governs the air intake in such afmann'er that greater leverage may be applied to vthe throttle at the initial opening of the :same than is thereafter applied during the regulation of said throttle.

:Otherobjects offtheA inventionwill more fully vappear from' the following description readfini: connection with the accompanying drawing""which will villustrate one of the means in which the invention .may be embodiedand will-be pointed out in the annexed-"claimsl Y Ir'Th'edrawing represents avertical longitu'dinalfsectional view of one of the preferred'forms of apparatus lfor embodying *The apparatus 'as illustrated in the drawing comprises amain casting 1 which may be provided?Withfsuitable mea-iisV for supporting'tl'iesaine` and se'curing itin proper rela'- tion tof'the engine, the casting 1 being providedV with an internall bore Q-forming an air vCond-uitV leading to the mixing chai'nber- 3 which may be Vconnected in. the usual mannerf withftlie cylinders of an vinternal com-A bustion engine. The casting 1 may be pro- Specication of Letters Patent.' Pgttntd Sgpt 39 1918. Appiieation sied october 22,1914. serial-NQ.. sesfi'i'z.

vided at its upper portionwith a longitudi nallyV extending boss 4 provided with a feeding duct wterminating yin an annular well v6 surrounding the opening v7 leading from the main conduit 2 tothe carbureting chamber'3. The carhureting chamber may conveniently be formed of a tubular casing4 8 having a' tapered inwardly extending annu-v lar w'all 9 at its lower end adapted to registerv with and to app-roach closely to the opening 7 leading from the main conduit to the i,

carbureting chamber So yas to provide'a narrow, extended, preferably annular aperture adapted to feed a. thin film of the' combustible liquid into the path of the incoming current of air inthe manner which will more fully be described. l i

The opening 7 is provided with a throttle l0 preferably in ,the form of two oppositely Aarranged ,and desirably 4integral conoidal members having guiding stems, the upper. Stem being journaled in a suitable bearing 12 in a vspider' 13 carried by thecasing 8 of the air chamber, the lower stem 14 'passing through a boss 15 extending upwardly from.

the lower portion of the casing. The throttle 10 is normally maintained in closed posi'f. tion by a spring 16 surrounding 'the stem 14 and the boss 15 'and pressing at itsends respectively upon the casing and the lower end of the throttle 10. y

`The double conoidal form of thel throttle is adapted to deiect the inrushing current of air in such a manner as to difusethe same.

in the carbureting chamber and thereby to cause athorough carbureting of the combustible fluid so that vthe heavieroils such as kerosene and the like maybe utilized. i

Suitable means may be employed for ,reguf lating the position of the throttle as will be hereinafter more fully described.

' In most of the carbureters now employedy tion is to'provide for a purely gravity feed" of the combustible liquid in which the'fflow is not abnormally increased by thesuc'tifon induced byftheair entering the carbureting chamber, andy this apparatus is so designed that the combustible l'luid will at all "times be under the influence of a certain predetermined head and none other. In order to effect this purpose I providel an opening which may be in the forni of a conduit 17 leading from the atmospherel to the Huid conduitor well G, this opening providing notonly means lor preventing suction upon the reservoir through the conductor o but also permitting an intake of air to the mixing chamber in conjunction with the supply of iuid,A thereby facilitating t-he feeding of the fluid and aiding in its vaporization.

The reservoir for the combustible AHuid is preferably in the forni of a tank 18 which may be supplied through the pipe 1U from lthe ueual reservoir, the supply of luid being controlled by a valveQO seated in the lower end ot the inlet 19 and governed by a float '21 which nia-y be conveniently mounted upon the valve stem of said valve, the lower end ot said valve stem being guided in a suitable bearing in a boss 23 depending from the bottoni of the reservoir 18.

The supply of oil to the conductor 5 may be regulated by a valve 24 having a tapered end adapted to seat. upon a corresponding tapered valve seat in the upper end ot the conductor 5, the said lower end being inclosed in an enlarged end QG leading .from the reservoir 1S.

The valve 24 is desirably provided with an enlarged stem Q7 journaled in a suitable bearing in the side wall 4ot the reservoir 18 and the lower end of the 'alve is of a preferably tapered or conical forni 28 adapted to coperate with the entrance 29 into the chamber 26 and thereby to regulate the amount of fluid delivered from the reservoir 18 to the conductor 5 when t-he valve is raised so that its end 25 is removed from its seat at the upper end ot' said conduit. The upper end of the valve stem 27 is desirably provided with an extension 80 having` adjust able check nuts 31, 32 arranged upon opposite sides of a lever 33 which is attached through a link to the stem 35 of a plunger 36 which is normally pressed downwardly to close the valve by a spring 37. The plunger 36 may desirably be disposed within a easing 38 within the reservoir 18 and having an opening 39 leading to said reservoir whereby the plunger 3G within the casing 38 ,is in elfect a dash-pot adapted to prevent the' hammering ot the valve.

The lever at its opposite end elO may bear upon the underside of the nut a1 upon the Stem 42 of a valve 43 which .tits closely the cylindrical inlet let of the conduit The valve stein #l2 may be mounted at its lower end in a boss 45 in the lower wall ot said conduit and at its upper end in a boss 16 carried by a preferably arched spider 17 which may be secured by bolts or screws 4S and suitable laterally extending flange L19 at the intake end of' the conduit 4.

Bv the construction above described the suction through the mixing chamber 3 Larnaca caused by the action of the engine cylinders will induce a current of air through the conduit 2 which by reason of the forni oi the throttle valve. 10, which closely tits the open ing 7, will be in the forni of a thin, preferably annular blast of air which will rush at a high velocity through the narrow opening between the wall ofthe aperture 'i' and the edge of the throttle at t-he point at which the combustible fluid is Supplied, thus Gaus! ing the fluid to be rapidly and completely vaporized. The partial vacuum thus created in. the conduit will draw down the valve 43 beyond the end ot the cylindrical portion l into the conical portion 44C of the inlet opening and permit a greater supply of air in proportion to the amount of air required by the engine.

The depression et the valve 43 will force down the end l() of the lever 33 thereby raising its opposite end and thereby lifting the valve 2l from its seat and permitting the comlnistible liuid to flow through the conductor 5 to the well (l. or' the carbureter. By reason ot' the conical portion 28 of the valve 2l and its` relation to the opening 29 'into the chamber '26 which leads to the conduit the amount of combustible fiuid supplied will be regulated in proportion to the amount of air which passes through the conduit. '2.

Upon the shutting down of the engine the suction through the mixing chamber 3 will cease and the valve #il will be returned to its initial position as illustrated in the drawing through the influence of the spring 37, simultaneously therewith the spring 3T will seat the end oit' the valve 24 upon its seat at the upper end of the conductor closing oli' the supply of combustible fluid to the well G. l

The diameter of the throttle preferably is slightly less than the diameter of the opening 7 leading from the conduit 2 to the carlnireting chamber so that the engine may be supplied with a sufficient amount of air to run idly at a slow speed7 the area of this opening being varied when the engine is working in the manner heretofore described.

It is desirable when starting that a greater leverage. be provided for opening the throttle than during the subsequent regulation thereof and in order to provide for this contingency l have provided a series of levers' which will give an increased leverage at the opening of the throttle and a gradually decreasing leverage thereafter.

As illustrated herein the lever which is connected to the stem 14 of the throttle is in the form ot a bell crank 50 journaled upon a suitable bracket 51 depending from the casing, one arm of said lever engaging a. suitable head 52 upon the end of the throttle stem 14 and the other arm of the position of the throttle may be accurately.

lever being provided with a relatively long substantially straight bearing portion 53 adapted to be engaged by the arc shaped end 54 of a lever 55 .journaled in suitable brackets 56 extending from the side of the casing, the upper end of the lever 55 being connected by a rod 57 to a suitable hand lever under the control of the. operator, such for example as a lever upon the steering wheel of an automobile.

In order that the uppermost or closed determined the bracket 51- is desirably provided with an extension 58 forming a bearing for a setscrew 59 which may be adjusted to engage the bell crank lever and determine its normal position.

By the construction above described it will be obvious that the initial movement of the lever 55 will cause the opening of the valve under the influence of the longer leve-rage thereby causing the valve to open with relative ease and when opened the subsequent movement of the valve will be controlled through the rocking connection between the

parts

53 and 54 in such a man7- ner that the throttle may be accurately adjusted.

It is to be understood that the embodiment of the invention disclosed herein is illustrative merely and that the inventiony may be embodied in other formswithin the scope of my invention as set forth in the following claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: f

1. In a carbureter comprising a carbureting chamber and a fuel reservoir, means for supplying a restricted current of air to said carbureting chamber, means for delivering atl atmospheric pressure a thin film of liquid fuel from said reservoir into the path of said current of air whereby said liquid fuel will be rapidly vaporized and mixed with said air in the carbureting chamber.

'2. In a `carbureter comprising a carbureting chamber having an inlet, a throttle in said inlet adapted to restrict the area thereof to a narrow aperture, means for supplying a current of air at high velocity through said aperture, a fuelreservoir'and means for delivering by the action of gravity and at atmospheric pressure a thin film of liquid fuel into the path of the curvoir located at a higher level than said in let, a conduit leading from said reservoir to said inlet and having means for delivering a thin film ofliquid fuel in the path of the current of air atsaid inlet and a vent leading from said c onduit to the -atmosphere.

4:. In a carbureter, a carbureting chamber having an inlet, a throttle in said inlet adapted to restrict the area thereof to a narrow aperture, means for inducing a current of air at a high velocity through said inlet, means for delivering a thin annular lilm of combustible -fluid in the path of the restrict the area thereof to a narrow ex-V tended aperture, means for inducing a current of air at a high velocity through said inlet, lne-ans for delivering a thin annular film of combustible fluid in the path of the air at said inlet, means for regulating said throttle to vary the amount of air supplied to said carbureting chamber, means independent of said .throttle operable by the variation of the air supplied to correspondingly vary the amount of fluid delivered comprising a valve in the intake end of said conduit and means operated thereby to control the fluid delivery.

G. In a carbureter, a carbureting chamber having an inlet, an air conduit leading thereto, a throttle in said inlet adapted to restrict the area thereof to a narrow eX- tended aperture, means for inducing a current of air at a high vvelocity through said inlet, means for delivering a thin annular air at said inlet, means for regulating said throttle to vary the amount of air supplied to said carbureting chamber, means independent of said throttle operable by the variation of the air supplied to correspondingly vary the amount of fluid delivered comprising a valve in the intake end of said conduit and a valve in the fluid supply pipe operable thereby to regulate the delivery of the fluid. j

7. In a carbureter, a carbureting chamber having an inlet, an air conduit leading thereto, a throttle in said inlet adapted to restrict the area thereof to a narrow aperture,

film of combustible fluid in the path of the 4.

means for inducing a current of air at a high velocity through said inlet, means for delivering a thin annular film of combustible fluid in the path of the air atV said inlet, means for regulating said throttle to vary the amount of air supplied to said carbureting chamber, means operable by the variation ofthe air supplied to correspondingly vary the amount of fluid delivered comprising a valve in the intake end of said conduit, a valve in the fluid supply pipe oper.

able thereby to regulate the delivery of the fluid, and spring actuated means for closing the fluid regulating valve upon the shutting off of the air supply. p

8. In a carbureter, a carbureting chamber having an inlet, an air conduit leading thereto, a throttle in said inlet adapted to restrict the area thereof to a narrow aperture, means for inducing a current of air at a high velocity through said inlet, a reservoir, means for delivering a thin annular film of combustible fluid from said reservoir into the path of the air at said inlet, means for regulating said throttle to vary the amount of air supplied to said carbureting chamber, means operable by the variation of the air supplied to correspondingly vary the amount of fluid delivered comprising a valve in the inlet conduit., a valve in the fluid supply pipe operable thereby to regulate the delivery of the fluid and a. springwactuated plunger in said reservoir acting as a dash-pot to close said fluid regulating valve upon the shutting off of the air supply.

9. 1n a. carbureter, a earbureting chamber having an inlet, a throttle in saidA inlet Larmes adapted to restrict the area thereof to a narrow aperture, means for inducing a current of air at a high velocity through said inlet, means for delivering a thin film of combustible fluid in the path of the air at said inlet, means for regulating said throttle to vary the amount of air supplied comprising a series of levers arranged to provide greater leverage for the initial movement of the valve than for subsequent movement thereof.

10. A carbureter comprising a earbureting chamber having a restricted air inlet, means for delivering a combustible fluid thereto, a throttle adapted to vary the area of said air inlet, means for actuating said throttle including a bell crank lever connected to said. throttle and a cooperating actuating lever having rocking engagement With said throttle lever arranged to produce a progressively decreasing leverage thereupon as the throttle is opened and means for operating said actuating lever.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

RALPH M. LOVEJOY.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK A. TENNANT, THOMAS J. DRUMMOND.