US1273773A - Pole-changing apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

L. M; EVANS, POLE CHANGING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. H, I917- 1,273,773. Patented July 23, 191&

I6 Invenl'or:

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. successive reversals, said means being inder LOUIS M. EVANS, OF ALEXANDRIA, VTRGINIA, ASSIGNOR TO TIE-IE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES.

POLE-CHANGING APPARATUS.

To all whom it may concern; I N

Be it known that I, LOUIS h L EYAN S, a citizen of the United States, residing at Alexandria, in the State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n Pole- Changing Apparatus, of which the follow ng is a'speclficat on.

This invention relates arimaril to a cur-.

rent reversing transmitter or relay for use in connection with telegraph, cable, radio or other systems, where it is particularly desirable to reverse the polarity of the applied current for each succeeding electrical impulse, as for example, in transmitting the successive units of Morse alphabets or similar characters, and it may also be employed in connection with any other electrical circuits where alternate contacts are desired, even if it is unessential to reverse the polarity. 7

As an example of the practical utility of the invention, it may be stated that, as is well known, a long transmitting electrial line, such as a submarine cable, is much more effective if the polarity is reversed for each succeeding impulse, and one of the important objects of the present invention is to provide mechanism for thus securing these pendent of the outgoing or transmitted current which, if utilized, creates a drag that results in slow operation. In other words, the present mechanism is entirely independent of any previous conditions of the circuit controlled thereby, so that a positive action is secured under strictly local conditions and by local means that permits a high speed transmission.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a view in elevation of the preferred embodiment of the invention, with unessential parts broken away,

Fig. 2 is, a diagrammatic View,

Fig. 3 is a detail diagram to indicate an arrangement for securing a reversaloi? polarity.

Similar reference numerals designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings. a l

I11 the embodiment disclosed, a sultable base 4 is employed, on which are motmted standards 5 connected by a cross bar 6. Moimted on the standards are two sets of electro-magnets, respectively deslgnated 7 Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1918.

Application filed April 11, 1917. Serial No. 161,311.

and 8, and 9 and 10, these magnets being disposed in opposing relation and spaced apart to permit between them the location ofan armature 11 thatis pivotally mounted at its lower end, as shownat 12. This armature may be termed a pole-reversing dea vice or member, its upper end being movable alternately into engagement with contact elements 13 and 14 disposed onopposite sides thereof. -The said armature is, however, normally held in a central or neutral position out of engagement with the contact elements'13 and I l and equidistant from the cores of the electromagnets by centering springs 15.

'A suitable source of electrical energy is 4 shown at 16, and is included in a circuit that includes the electro-magnets 7 8, 9 and 10, said circuit also including a suitable circuit controller 17, which is illustrated in the form of an ordinary make and break trans mitting key. The electro-magnets each have two sets of windings, the windings for the magnet 7 being designated 7 and 7 the windings for the electro-magnet 8 being correspondingly design'ated'S and 8 the windings for the magnet 9 being illustrated at 9 and. 9", and the windings for the magnet 10 being designated at 1.0 and 10. Tracing out the circuit from the battery 16, a line 18 leads from one pole thereof to the winding 8 and thence to the winding 7 by the connection 19. From the winding 7 an electrical connection 2021 is made with the winding 8 which in turn, is in series through the connection 22 with the winding 7'. The winding 7* is connected, as shown at 23 and 24 with the winding 9 and the winding 9 has an electrical connection 25 with the winding 10". The winding 10 has an electrical connection 26-27 with the winding 9?, the winding 9 has an electrical connection 28 With'the winding 10 and the windin 10 is elec-- trically connected to the key 1? by the wire 29. The contact element of said key is electrically connected to the other pole of the battery 16, as shown at 30. It will thus be seen that all the windings of all the'electro- I magnets are in series with the battery 16, and therefore when the key 17 is closed, it will be evident that current will pass through all the windings,.and' but for the r mechanism hereinafter explained, the electro-magnets would be equally energized so that the armature 11 would remain in its neutral position.

Pivot-ally mounted, as shown at 31, is a jockey 32 having its upper end in the form of a yoke 33 provided with inset projections 34: that are located on opposite sides of a lug 35 projecting from the armature 11.

i This jockey carries an electrical contact in the form of a leaf spring 36 secured at its upper end to the jockey, the lower end being free and arranged to contact either with an element 37 or an element 38 mounted on opposite sides of the same. The element 37, as shown in Fig. 2, is electrically connected by a wire 39 with the wires 2627, and the contact element 38 is in like manner connected with the wires 20-21 by a wire 4,0. The spring 36' in turn is electrically connected, as shown at 4:1 with the wires 23-2 l,

and as a result, it will be seen that the spring '36 and contact element 37 constitute a short circuiting device for the coils 9" and 10.

" when. the jockey is in one position, and

' The lower end of the jockey is adapted to' when it is in the other position, the spring 36 and contact element 38 constitute a short circuiting device for the coils 7" and .8".

be held in either of its extreme positions by a roller 4-2 that rides beneath the lower end of said jockey, which is pointed for the purpose, this roller being carried by a suitable 7 spring 13. This mechanism may be generally termed an automatic clrcult controller.

Referring now to Fig. 3, there is illustrated the end of a cable at 4:41, which cable through the cable 14:, the other end of said cable being, of course, grounded and there already explained is in the neutral position,

being a suitable receiving apparatus in the circuit'thus produced. On the other hand, when the armature 11 is in engagement with the contact 14, a current of opposite polarity will pass through the cable l i. It will be understood that this showing is made merely for the purposes of illustration, and may be varied in many well known ways.

Briefly described, the operation of the apparatus is as follows: With the parts as shown in'Figs. 1 and 2, the armature 11 as due tothe centering springs .15, and, all the electro-magnets arerde'e'nergized. It will,

however, be noted that as, the spring 36 of the jockey is in contact with the element 38,

' 'devices.

the coils 7 and 8" are short-circuited. Consequently if the key 17 is operated to close the local circuit which includes the battery 16, all the windings of all the electo-magnets will be energized, with the exception of windings 7 and 8 The result is that the electro-magnets 9 and 10 are more powerfully energized than the electro-magnets 7 and 8, and as the armature is equidistant be tween them, said magnets 9 and 10 will overcome the power of the magnets 7 and 8 and move the armature 11 to the right. As a result, the jockey 32 will be shifted to the opposite position, thereby breaking the short circuit through the windin s 7 and 8", and at the same time short-circuiting the windings 9 and 10, while the magnets 7 and 8 thus become more strongly energized than the magnets 9 and 10; the armature is now closer to the latter magnets, and they still have suiiicient power to overcome the double power of the magnets 7 and 8 because of the distance between the latter and the armature 11. As soon as the local circuit is broken by opening the key 17, all the magnets are deenergized and immediately the armature 11 returns to its central or neutral position, so that upon the succeeding operation of the key, the armature will move in the opposite direction. As al ready explained, when the armature moves to-the right it engages the contact 11, and thus causes a current of one polarity to pass through the cable 44:, while upon the succeeding operation, it will make engagement with the contact element 13 and a current of opposite polarity will be transmitted. Y

' From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and 'many advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without further description, and it' will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and mlnor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an instrument of the character described, thc combination with pole-changing means, of a local circuit, a controller for the local c1rcu1t, anddevices controlled by similar successive alterations in the condition of the circuit for alternately operating the pole changing means in opposite directions and also effecting the alternate operation of said 2. In an instrument of the character described, the. combinat on withpole-chan ging means, of a local circuit, an automatic controller for the local c1rcu1t, a device for making and breaking the circuit, and means in "the c rcuit and controlled by repeated similar operations of the device for eifeoting the operation of the. automatic controller and the alternate operation of the pole-changing means in opposite directions.

3. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with electrical polechanging means, of mechanism for operating the pole-changing means, saidmechanism including a local electric circuit independent of the circuit controlled by the pole-- changing means, means for intermittently altering the condition of said local circuit, and means controlled by successive corresponding alternations to intermittently operate the pole-changing means and cause successive change of polarity thereby.

4. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with pole-changing means, of a local circuit, an automatic controller for the local circuit, a device for making and breaking the circuit, including a contact element and a make and break'device movable into and out of contact therewith, and means in the circuit and controlled by the automatic controller for alternately moving the pole-changing means on the successive engagement of the make and break 'device with said contact element.

5. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with pole-changing means including a shifting device, of mechanism for effecting a shifting movement of said device, including electro-magnetic means, a local circuit including the electromagnetic means, means for making and breaking the local circuit, and means controlled by the shifting of the device for controlling the energization of the electro-magnetic means by the local circuit.

6. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with a pole-changing device, of electro-magnetic means for operating the same, a local circuit including the electro-lnagnetic means, means for making and breaking the circuit, and means operated by the pole-changing device and controlling the energization of the electromagnetic means by the local circuit to cause said device to successively change the polarity when operated by the electro-magnetic means.

7. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with a pole-changing device having a back and forth movement and alternately effecting a change of polarity thereby, of opposing electro-magnets for alternately actuating the same, a local circuit, means for controlling said circuit, and

means operating with the pole-changing device to alternately vary the conditions of the opposing electro-magnets by the local circuit and thereby respectively effecting the back and forth movement of the polechanging device.

8. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with a pole-changing device having a back and forth move ment, of opposing electroanagnets for al-' ternately shifting the same, a source of electrical energ means for connecting the source of electrical energy to the electromagnets, including a circuit controller, and means actuated with the pole-changing device to alternately vary the conditions of the electro-magnets and cause successive back and forth movements of the pole-changing device upon the successive operations of the circuit controller.

9. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with oppositely acting electro-magnets, of a pole-changing member operated thereby respectively in opposite directions, a local circuit including the electro-magnets, a circuit controller, and means operating with the pole-changing member to automatically and alternately vary the conditions of the opposing electromagnets to cause them to move the polechanging member alternately in opposite directions and thereby alternately change the current controlled by the member.

10. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with oppositely acting electro-magnets having sectional windings, of a pole-changing member operated respectively in opposite directions thereby, a local circuit including the windings of the electro-magnets, a circuit controller, and means operating with the pole-changing member to automatically and alternately cut out certain windings of the electro-magnets to cause them to operate the pole-changing member alternately in opposite directions and thereby alternately change the current controlled by said member.

11. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with oppositely acting electro-magnets, of a swinging polechanging member respectively operated thereby, pole-contact elements alternately en.- gaged by said member, means for normally holding the member out of contactwith both elements, a local circuit including both electro-magnets, means for making and breaking the circuit, and a device operating with the pole-changing member for controlling the condition of the magnets to alternately 7 act upon the changing member as the local circuit is successively opened and closed.

12. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with spaced oppositely disposed electrdmagnets, of an armature pivotally mounted therebetween, contact elements disposed on opposite sides of ing certain of the windings of the opposite magnets, and meansfor normally holding the armature in neutral relation with respect to the magnets.

13. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with different polecontact elements, of a circuit closer member movable back and forth between the two for alternately changing the current, means for normally maintaining the member in a neu tralposition out of contact with both elements, an electrical circuit, means for altering the condition of the same from a normal condition and means in said circuit for automatically shifting the circuit closer member from'the neutral position into contact with one element when the condition of the circuit is altered and into contact with the other element when the said condition is again similarly altered.

14. In an instrun'ient of the character set fortlnthe combination with spaced pole con tact elements, of a circuit closer member movable back and forth between the two for changing the current, means for normally(maintaining the member in'a neutral position out of contact with both elements,

air-electrical circuit, means for altering the condition of the same from a normal condition, means for making and breaking the circuit, andineans in said circuit for-automatically shifting the circuit closer member from said neutral position alternately into engagement with the two contact elements upon the successive operation of the circuit making and breaking means. 7

15. In an instrument of the character described, the combination with pole-changing means, of eliactro-magnets for alternately operating the pole-changing means, a local circuit including said electro-magnets, a circuit controller for the localflc'ircuit, and

means for automatically 7 and alternately short circuiting different of"sa1d"electro inagnets on the successive similar changes in condition of the local circuit by the con- 4 troller thereof 1 In testimony whereof, I allix my. signature n. the presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS M. EVANS.

Vitnesses FOSTER VEITENHEIMER,

G. A, GRAHAM.

Copies of this patent may be, obtained for five'cen ts each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Iatents;

' Wa smngttinyD. 0." r

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