US1264396A - Lightning-arrester. - Google Patents

Description

F. W. HAYS.

LIGHTNING ARBESTER.

APPLICATION FILED. JUNE 15- I916.

0 3 L V9. A d m H m M 8 my 3 .1 6 91 6 y 1 FREDERICK W. HAYS, OF EITTSBUJBIGH, PEIEZNSYLVANIA.

LIGI-ITNING-AERESTER.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Apr. 30 191%.,

Application filed June 15, 1916. Serial No. 103,817.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. HAYS, of the city of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Lightning-Arresters, of which the follow ing is a full, clear and exact description.

My invention relates to lightning arresters for use on current lines or wires and particularly to lightning arresters so constructed as to be capable of installation ivithout the necessity of cutting the wire or The object of my invention is to provide a cheap, simple, and efiicient form of light ning arrester which can be quickly and conveniently attached to the insulator on the cross arm of the pole or other location and placed in the line without severing said line. A further object of my invention is to provide a lightning arrester of such a construction that no separate insulator need be used, but the regular insulator can be utilized for the purpose of insulating the wire from the ground. I

My invention consists, generally stated, in the novel arrangement, construction, and combination of parts as hereinafter more specifically set forth and described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to construct, use, and install my improved lightning arrester, I will describe the same more fully, roi'erring to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a side view of my improved .lightning arrester showing the same ati roster is usually placed a tached to a high tension. insulator on the cross arm of the ordinary pole.

Fig. 2 is an end view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the device on theline 3-3 of Fig. 2. i

Fig. 4: is a perspective view of one of the horns used in forming the horn gap.

Like symbols of reference herein indicate like parts in each of the figures of the drawin the approved form of lightning arrester used on high tension current carrying wires, it is necessary to cut the wire in order to insert the lightning arr-ester. The arvery short distance e from one of the poles and when the wire is cut the long end of the same is pulled into position by a block and tackle in order that when said segments are in position.

it can be secured in the lightning arrester. This takes a great amount of time and often causes considerable trouble, as the Wire is heavy and cannot be allowed to sag. This manner of connecting the wire with the is used, it is necessary to separately insulate the line wire fromthe lead to ground.

As illustrated in the drawing my improved lightning arrester 1 is designed to be attached to the insulator 2 which is usually located on the cross arm 3 of the ordinary pole or other suspending means and such insulator is held in place by means of the bolt 4L extending through the cross arm 3. The lightning arrester 1 is provided with a segmental collar for attaching the same to the insulator 2 and this collar consists of the segment 5 and the segment (3 each of which have lugs 7 for connecting the same together, while the segment 6 is provided with an extension 8 as later explained. Each of the segments 5 and 6 has a vertical orupright portion 9 which extends substantially to the top of the insulator 2 These vertical portions 9 are adapted to support the body portions 10 and 11 which are secured thereto by the screws 12, and the body portion 10 has a slot 13 into which the tongue 14 of the body portion 11 fits in order to keep the two portions in alinement. It is necessary to have the body portion made in two pieces as the portion 9 of the insulator is not always exact in dimensions and the two parts of the body portion must be made adjustable to allow for any'irregularities in the size of said portion. The segments 5 and G are held together by the bolts 15 passing through the lugs 7 The body portions '10 and 11 have a circular opening 16 through the same and are each provided with a pair of vertical flanges 17 and said flanges are each rovided with a slotted hole 18 through t e sides thereof, as later explained. \Vhen in position, the circular opening 16 is provided with a semi-circular bushing 19 which rests within the lower part thereof and in pool- Also when this tion it is evenly contained in both of the body portions 10 and 11 as shown in Fig. 1. This bushing is provided with a semi-circular or other shaped groove 20 into which the wire is placed, while a block 22 having a. semi-circular groove 23 rests upon said bushing and wire 21 as shown in Fig. 2.

The body portions 10 and 11 are provided with a cover 24 which has a straight portion 25 fitting between the flanges 17, and a widened top 26 for preventing the rain or. snow fromfalling directly into the body portion. This cover 21 is held securely between the flanges 17 by bolts 27 which extend .through the slots 18 as shown in Fig. 2. The cover 24L is provided with threaded holes 28 throu h which set screws or bolts 29 extend and t e lower end of such screws or bolts rest upon the block 22 for tightening the same against the wire 21.

The extension 8 is provided at a position near the end thereof with a horn 30, while the other horn 31 used for forming the gap 32 is secured in any suitable manner to an angle iron standard 33 which in turn is held by the bolt 4 as shown in'Figs, 1 to 3. This standard 33 is provided-with a suitable binding post 3 l to which a wire 35 is connected in order to form a lead to the ground 36.

The body portions 10 and 11 and the cover 24 and segments 5 and 6 are each composed of iron, while the semi-circular bushing 19 and block 22 are composed preferably of brass or other non-magnetic material.

The theory and operation of my, invention is as follows:

The standard 33 is first secured under the ordinary petticoat insulator as shown and the segments 5 and 6 are secured around the portion 2' of said insulator by placing the bolts 15 through the lugs 7 and said bolts are fastened tightly so that the segments will firmly grip said portion. The body portions 10 and 11 are now secured in place on the upright portions 9 by placing the screws 12 as shown by the drawing whereu on the semi-circular bushing is placed within the circular opening 16 and the uninsulated portion of the line wire 21 dropped between the flanges 17 of said body portions and into the groove 20 in said bushing. The block 22- is now dropped onto the bushing 19 so that the groove 23 thereof will be directly above said wire and the cover 26 is put in place. The bolts 27 are now passed through the flanges 17 and the flat portion 25 of said cover and are tightened in order to secure said cover therein and insure a good electrical contact between said straight portion 25 and said flanges. The screws 29 are now screwed down tightly upon the top of the block 22 so that the wire 21 will be held firmly be tween said block and the bushing 19. A wire is then connected to the binding post 34 located on the standard 33 and said wire is run to ground.

The current in the line wire 21 will set up a magnetic field in the iron of the body portions 10 and 11 and the cover 26 so that when a lightning charge reaches the wire, the current of such lightning will ordinarily be of such magnitude that an extremely large magnetic field will be set up, which field will tend to induce a high counter current or current of an opposite polarity to that of the established current of the line, and as the lightning current is thus choked back, it will take its shortest path to the ground and it will are between the horn gap 32 formed-by the horns 30 and this are will produce a gas which is lighter than air and will therefore rise. In doing so it will force the arc upward and as the size of the gap will increase as the arc rises therein the spark will grow thinner on account of the increased resistance until it finally breaks entirely. The path of the current of the lightning charge will be from the horn 30 across the horn gap 32, through the horn 31, the standard 33 and the wire 35 to the ground 36.

The advantages of my invention will readily be seen in that there will be no necessity of cutting the line wire in order to install the same, as said wire can be dropped between the upwardly extending flanges 17 of the body portions 10 and 11 and the other parts of the lightning arrester quickly placed in position.

It will also be readily seen that my inventionwill eliminate the necessity of providing a special designed insulator as any approved type of insulator may be utilized for that purpose.

Another advantage in the use of my improved insulator is that it will be located right on the cross arm of the pole or other securing means and will thus be easily accessible to the lineman or engineer.

Having thus described my. improved lightning arrester, What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1-- 1. A lightning arrester comprising a body portion of magnetic material, said body portion having an opening extending throughout the length of the same, remov able means fitting into said opening to close the same, and a core of non-magnetic material Within said body portion.

2. A lightning arrester comprising a body portion of magnetic material, said body portion having an opening extending throughout the length of the same. a removable cover fitting into said opening to close the same, and a core of non-magnetic material within said body portion,

3. A lightning arrester 'comprising a 'body portion-of magnetic material having alongitudinal opening on the outer surface of the same, removable means fitting into said opening to close the same, and means for securing the same to an insulator.

4.. A lightning arrester comprising a body portion of magnetic material having a longitudinal opening on the outer surface of the same, a removable cover fitting into said opening to close the same, and means for securing the same to an insulator.

5. A lightning arrester comprising a body portion of magnetic material, said body portion having an opening extending throughout the length of the same, removable means composed of magnetic material fitting'into said opening to close the same, and a segmental collar for securing the same to an insulator and forming an electrical conductor from said body portion to an extinguisher.

6. A lightning body portion of magnetic material, said body portion having an opening extending throughout the length of the same, a removable cover, composed of magnetic material fitting into said same, and a segmental collar for securing the same to an insulator and forming an electrical conductor from said body portion to an extinguisher.

In testimony whereof, I, the said FRED. W. HAYs, atfix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

4 FRED. W. HAYS.

Witnesses:

' J. RAYMOND SowAsH,

T. B. HUMPHRIES.

arrester comprising a opening to close the

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